EP1169487A1 - Alliage fer-nickel anti-corrosion pour disjoncteurs de courant de fuite et pieces de mouvements d'horlogerie - Google Patents

Alliage fer-nickel anti-corrosion pour disjoncteurs de courant de fuite et pieces de mouvements d'horlogerie

Info

Publication number
EP1169487A1
EP1169487A1 EP00926919A EP00926919A EP1169487A1 EP 1169487 A1 EP1169487 A1 EP 1169487A1 EP 00926919 A EP00926919 A EP 00926919A EP 00926919 A EP00926919 A EP 00926919A EP 1169487 A1 EP1169487 A1 EP 1169487A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
content
alloy
alloy according
yoke
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP00926919A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Johannes Tenbrink
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vacuumschmelze GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Vacuumschmelze GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE29906700U external-priority patent/DE29906700U1/de
Priority claimed from DE1999132473 external-priority patent/DE19932473A1/de
Application filed by Vacuumschmelze GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Vacuumschmelze GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1169487A1 publication Critical patent/EP1169487A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/058—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium without Mo and W
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
    • H01H71/321—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/02—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the magnetic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
    • H01H71/321—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements
    • H01H71/323—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements with rotatable armature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an alloy based on Nikkei and iron with a nickel content of 40 to 55 wt .-% and a chromium content between 0.5 and 6 wt .-%.
  • Such an alloy is known from US-A-5, 135, 588.
  • the known alloy based on iron and nickel has a Ni content of 40-52% by weight, a Cr content of 0.5-5% by weight and concentrations of sulfur, oxygen and boron below 0.005% by weight .-% on. Due to its good magnetic properties, the alloy is suitable as a material for magnetic cores.
  • a disadvantage of the known alloy is that individual corrosion centers and blooming can occur on the surface of the body made from this alloy, which are particularly troublesome when smooth surfaces are important. This is particularly the case with precision parts such as relays for residual current circuit breakers or stepping motors for watch drives. There, small geometric deviations on the surface of a component made from the known alloy can result in the inoperability of the component in question.
  • the object of the invention is to create an alloy with improved corrosion resistance that is suitable for precision mechanical applications.
  • the concentration of Ca, Mg and S together is less than 0.009% by weight. -%.
  • the low content of Ca, Mg and S significantly improves the corrosion resistance of the alloy.
  • the sharp deoxidizing agents calcium and magnesium generally form oxides in the melt, which have a corrosive effect on the surface.
  • Sulfur also forms sulfides, which also form corrosion centers on the surface of a component made from this alloy.
  • the low concentration of calcium, magnesium and sulfur therefore significantly improves the corrosion resistance of the iron-nickel alloy, so that it can also be used for precision mechanical components.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a relay for a residual current circuit breaker
  • FIG. 2 shows a divided stator of a stepping motor for a clockwork
  • Figure 3 is a graph showing the dependence of corrosion resistance on the Cr content.
  • Figure 4 is a diagram showing the dependence of the saturation induction on the Cr content.
  • Figure 1 is a representation of a relay 1 for a residual current circuit breaker, which has an armature 2 and a yoke 3. Both the armature 2 and the yoke 3 are made of an alloy based on iron and nickel.
  • a permanent magnet 4 is connected to the yoke 3 and generates a magnetic flux which holds the armature 2 on the yoke 3.
  • a magnetic coil 5 is generated by a trip coil 5, which is dependent on the fault current and counteracts the flow of the permanent magnet 4. Infoigen that a return spring 6 pulls the armature 2 from the yoke 3 and interrupts the circuit to be monitored.
  • Functional surfaces 7 of the yoke 3 and functional surfaces 8 of the armature 2 are usually ground during the manufacture of the relay 1 in order to ensure a precise function of the relay 1 with the lowest possible output power. It is also essential for a precise function of the relay 1 that the functional surfaces 7 and 8 are and remain free of impurities. If, however, due to the corrosion
  • FIG. 2 shows a stepping motor 9 for a clock run, which has a divided stator 10.
  • the stator 10 comprises a U-shaped coil core 11, which is closed by a return part 12.
  • a circular rotor opening 13 is formed in one of the legs of the coil core 11.
  • the cross section of the coil core 11 is further reduced by notches 14 in the region of the rotor opening 13.
  • the cross section of the coil core 11 at this point is only about 0.5 x 0.5 mm 2 .
  • the stator is magnetically divided, so to speak.
  • the stator can also be divided mechanically by interruptions or gaps.
  • a rotor, not shown in FIG. 2, made of a permanent magnet is located in the rotor opening 13.
  • An excitation coil 15 is also applied to the coil core 11, by means of which a magnetic flux is generated in the coil core 11 in the stator 10.
  • the stator 10 quickly saturates, so that the magnetic flux enters the rotor opening 13 in the area of the notches. This sets the rotor in rotation.
  • this is a climate test of the total duration of 48 hours with alternating three hours at 55 ° C with 95% relative humidity and three hours at 20 ° C with 45% relative humidity.
  • the salt spray test is a test in which the strips are stored in a desiccator over a previously boiled-up 20% NaCl salt solution for 24 hours.
  • FIG. 3 shows the percentage of parts obtained with rust points in the respective test as a function of the Cr content. There is a clear dependence of the corrosion resistance on the Cr content of the alloy, with a Cr content of about 1.5% corrosion resistance in these tests.
  • FIG. 4 shows the course of the induction Bio and B 20 at a magnetic field strength of 10 A / cm and 20 A / cm.
  • the saturation reduction can be kept above one Tesla.
  • the saturation modulation is above 1.35 Tesla. This is sufficient for a functional watch drive.
  • the alloy AI is a first comparative example, which once again clarifies that the chromium content must not fall below a minimum limit for high corrosion resistance.
  • the alloys B1 to B5 represent preferred exemplary embodiments with an optimal nickel content.
  • Alloys Cl to C4 are further comparative examples in which the concentrations of Ca, Mg and S have been increased beyond the permissible upper limit.
  • Alloys Dl to D4 are further exemplary embodiments of the invention, with nickel concentrations deviating from the optimum nickel content. Compared to the alloys B1 to B5, this sometimes results in poorer magnetic properties.
  • the alloys each contain 0.4-0.6% by weight of manganese and 0.1-0.3% by weight of silicon, the rest being Fe.
  • the magnetic properties were determined on punched rings with an outer diameter of 28.5 mm and an inner diameter of 20 mm and a thickness of 0.7 mm after final annealing at 1150 ° C. for five hours under hydrogen. The punched rings produced in this way were also used to assess the corrosion resistance.
  • the purity index was determined on sections of finally annealed alloy samples, the total characteristic value K 0 being determined in accordance with DIN 50602.
  • DIN 50602 also describes the testing of non-metallic inclusions in the form of oxides and sulfides.
  • a longitudinal metallographic section of the alloy to be examined must be made.
  • An area of at least 100 sqmm is used for evaluation.
  • K the inclusions are determined from a defined inclusion size and the degree of purity of the alloy is given by a summarizing characteristic value K, which characterizes the area of the inclusions and which corresponds to a weighted sum of the total area of the individual types of inclusions.
  • K0 is the most sensitive test.
  • concentrations of Ca, Mg and S must be limited. The following upper limits result:
  • Alloys that comply with these limit values show reliable corrosion resistance and a high maximum permeability.
  • the concentration of the sharp deoxidizing agents Ca and Mg By limiting the concentration of the sharp deoxidizing agents Ca and Mg, the formation of hygroscopic oxides is reduced, so that there is no formation of corrosion centers on the surface of workpieces made with these alloys. Due to the low content of S, only little corrosion-triggering sulfides are formed. In addition, the low concentration of oxides and sulfides makes it easier to move the Bloch walls, which results in high permeability.
  • alloy B3 was used with 47.5% by weight: Ni, 1.77% by weight Cr, 0.48% by weight Mn, 0.20 % By weight Si, 0.002% by weight S and ⁇ 0.001% by weight Mg, ⁇ 0.001% by weight Ca,
  • Winding achieved on average 17 ⁇ 1 mV.
  • a standard alloy with the composition 47.5% by weight of Ni, 0.5% by weight of Mn, 0.2% by weight of Si, balance Fe and manufacturing-related impurities.
  • the voltage drop was 17.5 ⁇ 1.5 mV. This shows that the alloy B3 can be used to manufacture parts for sensitive residual current circuit breakers which, in terms of their magnetic properties, are in no way inferior to residual current circuit breakers with standard alloys.
  • the alloys B1 to B5 listed in Table 1 are also suitable as a material for the stator 10 in the stepping motors 9 for watch drives if special corrosion resistance is required.
  • the material is very soft.
  • the Vickers-Harte HV is usually around 100.
  • the functional surfaces 8 of the armature 2 and the yoke 3 are then ground in order to ensure a precise function of the relay 1.
  • the functional surfaces 8 are worn by the ultimately unavoidable relative movement between the armature 2 and the yoke 3, the air gap between the functional surfaces 8 is changed.
  • the resulting change in the shear of the hysteresis loop changes the effective permeability of the magnetic circuit and thus the sensitivity of relay 1.
  • the tripping power therefore changes with an increasing number of switching cycles. If a change of +/- 20% of the originally set trigger power is exceeded, relay 1 is no longer usable.
  • the term service life is therefore understood to mean the number of switching cycles, after which the draw power deviates by a maximum of 20% from the initially set draw power.
  • a chromium-containing nickel-iron alloy such as an alloy with 47.5% by weight Ni, 1.9% by weight Cr, 0.45% by weight Mn, 0.15% by weight Si and a limited content of Ca, Mg and S initially has the advantage of improved corrosion resistance. Alloying with Cr also opens up the possibility of targeted surface hardening by nitriding. This means that Oberflacnenharten can be set with a Vickers-Harte HV above 20C.
  • the connection layer formed by nitriding must not become too thick, since it would act as an air gap in the magnetic circuit of relay 1.
  • s ⁇ c ° increases the coercive field strength H c by nitriding.
  • the connecting layer is thinner than 25 ⁇ m, preferably 10 ⁇ m, the increase in the coercive force H c is within reasonable limits.
  • Table 2 shows examples of parts made of an alloy based on nickel, iron and chromium, the surface of which has been treated by nitriding.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Un alliage à base de 40-55 % en poids de nickel et de fer est résistant à la corrosion par alliage avec 0,5-6 % en poids de chrome. Les surfaces des pièces fabriquées avec cet alliage sont durcies par nitruration. L'alliage convient en particulier pour des applications pour des relais et des pièces de mouvements d'horlogerie. La concentration globale en Ca, Mg et S est inférieure à 0,009 % en poids.
EP00926919A 1999-04-15 2000-04-13 Alliage fer-nickel anti-corrosion pour disjoncteurs de courant de fuite et pieces de mouvements d'horlogerie Ceased EP1169487A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29906700U 1999-04-15
DE29906700U DE29906700U1 (de) 1999-04-15 1999-04-15 Korrosionsfreie Eisen-Nickel-Legierung für Fehlerstromschutzschalter und Uhrenlaufwerke
DE19932473 1999-07-12
DE1999132473 DE19932473A1 (de) 1999-07-12 1999-07-12 Korrosionsfreie Eisen-Nickel-Legierung für Fehlerstromschutzschalter
PCT/EP2000/003349 WO2000063454A1 (fr) 1999-04-15 2000-04-13 Alliage fer-nickel anti-corrosion pour disjoncteurs de courant de fuite et pieces de mouvements d'horlogerie

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1169487A1 true EP1169487A1 (fr) 2002-01-09

Family

ID=26054145

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00926919A Ceased EP1169487A1 (fr) 1999-04-15 2000-04-13 Alliage fer-nickel anti-corrosion pour disjoncteurs de courant de fuite et pieces de mouvements d'horlogerie

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1169487A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000063454A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1318529A3 (fr) * 2001-12-10 2004-01-14 Vacuumschmelze GmbH & Co. KG Actuateur magnétique magnétiquement doux durci en surface et son procédé de fabrication
FR2836156B1 (fr) * 2002-02-15 2005-01-07 Imphy Ugine Precision Alliage magnetique doux pour blindage magnetique
GB2484568B (en) * 2010-09-10 2014-01-01 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co Kg Electric motor and process for manufacturing a rotor or a stator of an electric motor

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2646277B2 (ja) * 1990-03-27 1997-08-27 日新製鋼株式会社 鉄心部材用Ｎｉ―Ｆｅ―Ｃｒ軟質磁性合金
DE4021286C1 (fr) * 1990-07-04 1991-02-21 Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt, De
JPH04124245A (ja) * 1990-09-13 1992-04-24 Yamaha Corp 高飽和磁束密度磁性材料
JP3176385B2 (ja) * 1991-02-28 2001-06-18 日新製鋼株式会社 Ｎｉ−Ｆｅ−Ｃｒ系軟質磁性合金板の製造方法
EP0505595A1 (fr) * 1991-03-28 1992-09-30 Vacuumschmelze GmbH Moteur pas-à-pas pour pièces d'horlogerie
JP3483580B2 (ja) * 1991-05-15 2004-01-06 日新製鋼株式会社 打抜き性に優れたＮｉ−Ｆｅ系合金及びＮｉ−Ｃｒ−Ｆｅ系合金
JPH1092286A (ja) * 1996-09-13 1998-04-10 Nec Corp 電磁リレー及びその製造方法
FR2765724B1 (fr) * 1997-07-04 1999-08-13 Imphy Sa Alliage magnetique doux du type fe-ni-cr-ti pour circuit magnetique d'un relais a haute sensibilite

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0063454A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2000063454A1 (fr) 2000-10-26

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