EP1169189A1 - Procede et dispositif pour controler l'aptitude a conduire d'une personne conduisant un vehicule ou utilisant un simulateur de conduite - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour controler l'aptitude a conduire d'une personne conduisant un vehicule ou utilisant un simulateur de conduite

Info

Publication number
EP1169189A1
EP1169189A1 EP00913946A EP00913946A EP1169189A1 EP 1169189 A1 EP1169189 A1 EP 1169189A1 EP 00913946 A EP00913946 A EP 00913946A EP 00913946 A EP00913946 A EP 00913946A EP 1169189 A1 EP1169189 A1 EP 1169189A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gripping
vehicle
limit value
driving
gripping force
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00913946A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Franz Wurz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fahrertraining & Motorsportmanagement GmbH
Original Assignee
Fahrertraining & Motorsportmanagement GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fahrertraining & Motorsportmanagement GmbH filed Critical Fahrertraining & Motorsportmanagement GmbH
Publication of EP1169189A1 publication Critical patent/EP1169189A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B9/00—Simulators for teaching or training purposes
    • G09B9/02—Simulators for teaching or training purposes for teaching control of vehicles or other craft
    • G09B9/04—Simulators for teaching or training purposes for teaching control of vehicles or other craft for teaching control of land vehicles
    • G09B9/052—Simulators for teaching or training purposes for teaching control of vehicles or other craft for teaching control of land vehicles characterised by provision for recording or measuring trainee's performance
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/16—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state
    • A61B5/18—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state for vehicle drivers or machine operators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B19/00—Teaching not covered by other main groups of this subclass
    • G09B19/16—Control of vehicles or other craft
    • G09B19/167—Control of land vehicles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/74—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means
    • A61B5/7455—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means characterised by tactile indication, e.g. vibration or electrical stimulation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
    • B60W2540/22—Psychological state; Stress level or workload
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
    • B60W2540/221—Physiology, e.g. weight, heartbeat, health or special needs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring the driving humidity of a person controlling a vehicle or a driving simulator, the vehicle or the driving simulator having a manually operable control device.
  • Controlling a vehicle has become an integral part of modern life. And although the handlebars are aware of their actions when steering, they consist of unconscious components: the handlebars automatically adjust the gripping forces to perform precise steering movements, they estimate correct braking forces to avoid collisions, etc. Controlled driving is also humane Factors such as emotions, stress and attention. Especially in the field of motorsport, the influence of these factors on driver performance is important for candidate selection, optimization of training and accident prevention. In addition, the factors mentioned also play a central role in driver training.
  • the present invention builds on these findings and in particular sets the described non-specific factors of emotional state, stress and attention in correlation to the grip forces and gripping patterns that a driver places on a control device, in particular a steering wheel or a joystick, while driving or during a driving simulation , exercises.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized by the steps: a) determining the gripping forces with which the person holds the control device, b) comparing the gripping forces with a fixed upper limit value, and c) sending out a warning signal when the determined gripping forces reach the upper one Exceed the limit.
  • the driver is in a state of mind that is not optimal or even harmful for his steering behavior, without being generally aware of this.
  • the driver is made aware of this condition by the warning signal and can now consciously take actions against it, for example active actions to relieve stress.
  • the method according to the invention can also be used particularly effectively in driving training, since it signals the driving instructor to exceptional driving states of excitement, so that the student's insecurities can be quickly recognized and the driving situations that have led to such uncertainty can be specifically trained and weaknesses eliminated.
  • An advantageous development of the method according to the invention therefore comprises the further steps d) comparing the gripping forces with a fixed lower limit value, and e) sending out a warning signal if the determined gripping forces fall below the lower limit value.
  • the gripping forces for safe driving behavior should be within a certain range.
  • the gripping forces in fast corners can be significantly higher than on a straight road.
  • a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is thus characterized in that the upper limit value and, if appropriate, the lower limit value are determined dynamically as a function of the deflection of the control device or of external driving parameters such as the vehicle speed, the steering angle and the condition of the roadway.
  • An optical, acoustic or tactile warning device is expediently activated with the transmitted warning signal.
  • Warning signal an automatic control system that at least partially takes over control of the vehicle, the automatic control system expediently braking or stopping the vehicle.
  • the automatic control system reacts to signals from at least one of an acceleration, a distance or a braking force sensor.
  • the invention also relates to a device for monitoring the ability to drive of a person controlling a vehicle or a driving simulator, the vehicle or the driving simulator having a manually operable control device.
  • This device is characterized by at least one sensor arranged on or in the control device for measuring the force with which the controlling person grips the control device, the at least one sensor providing an output signal proportional to the gripping force, and a comparison device for comparing the output signal supplied by the gripping force sensor with a fixed upper limit value, the comparison device providing a warning signal when the upper limit value is exceeded and an optical, acoustic or tactile warning device which can be activated by the warning signal.
  • the comparison device furthermore for comparing the output signal supplied by the gripping force sensor with a fixed lower limit value and for sending a warning signal if the determined gripping force is lower Falls below the limit, is formed.
  • the gripping force sensor consists of a large number of individual sensor elements, the respective output signals of which are combined by a combination circuit, for example a summer or integrator, to form an overall output signal.
  • the individual sensor elements are distributed along the gripping surface of the control device and thereby enable a significantly more precise detection and evaluation of the gripping forces.
  • the gripping forces determined by the gripping force sensor should be related to external parameters in order to refine the evaluation. This is preferably achieved by a device for dynamic adjustment of the upper and, if applicable, the lower limit of the gripping force as a function of the deflection of the control device or of external driving or simulation parameters, such as the vehicle speed, the steering angle and the condition of the road.
  • Control device can be used as feedback information.
  • the device for dynamic adjustment of the upper and lower is according to the invention Limit of the gripping force connected to a device for detecting the deflection of the control device.
  • the device for dynamically setting the upper and lower limit values of the gripping force may be expedient to connect the device for dynamically setting the upper and lower limit values of the gripping force to at least one of an accelerometer, a distance meter or a braking force meter.
  • an automatic control system which can be activated by the warning signal and which at least partially takes over control of the vehicle.
  • This automatic control system can act on the brake system and / or the engine management of a vehicle. It can also be connected to at least one of an acceleration, a distance or a braking force sensor and process this information in a corresponding algorithm.
  • a video camera recording the driving or simulation course, in particular the behavior of the controlling person, and a storage device for storing the video data and the output signals of the gripping force sensor are also provided .
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a basic embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows an expanded embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of an embodiment according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 additional devices of the invention for a driving simulator
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 embodiments according to the invention the control device and FIGS. 7 and 8 pressure sensors for use in the control devices of FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • a first embodiment of the invention is shown schematically therein. It consists of a manually operable control device 1, (in the present case a steering wheel), a sensor 2 mounted on the control device 1 for measuring the force with which a driver grips the control device, the sensor 2 output signal F (t ) and a comparison device 3 for comparing the output signal F (t) supplied by the gripping force sensor with a fixed upper limit value Fmax, the comparison device 3 providing a warning signal W (t) when the upper limit value Fmax is exceeded.
  • This warning signal W (t) activates an optical, acoustic or tactile warning device 4.
  • the warning device 4 can comprise, for example, a lamp or a flashing light, a buzzer or a vibrating device, in particular a motor with an unbalance element.
  • the comparison device 3 evaluates the signal F (t) not only with regard to the upper limit value Fmax, but also with regard to a lower limit value Fmin.
  • the axis of the control device 1 is further provided with a device 6 for detecting its angular deflection ⁇ (t) and is thus prepared for processing the deflection ⁇ (t).
  • the device according to the invention can be used both in vehicles and in driving simulators.
  • the control device 1 has sensors for measuring the gripping force on its upper side (reference number 20) and on the underside (reference number 2).
  • reference number 20 is for the detection of driver excitation states mainly significant that compressive force that is exerted on the underside of the control device by clamping and pulling the control device towards the body.
  • These two forces Fl (t) and F2 (t) can be selectively detected by the two sensors 2, 20 and fed to a comparison device 3, in which a comparison with an upper and a lower gripping force limit value Fmax, Fmin takes place.
  • a warning signal W (t) is generated and sent to the warning device 4, which is thereby activated.
  • the comparison device 3 is also connected to a control system 7 which, based on the signals or data from the comparison device, at least partially takes over control of the vehicle or driving simulator.
  • the control system 7 can act on the brake system 30 and / or the engine management 31 and / or the steering system 32.
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a further embodiment of the invention.
  • Gripping force sensors consist of a large number of individual sensor elements (2-
  • the device 5 for dynamic setting of the limit values of the gripping force has a data input via which it receives the current speed values v (t) and, like the control system 7, is also provided with an acceleration sensor 10, a distance sensor 11 and a braking force sensor 12 connected. In addition, the device 5 is connected to a device 6 for detecting the deflection of the control device.
  • Fig. 4 shows additional devices when the invention is used in a driving simulator.
  • the basic elements of the invention such as the comparison device and warning device are also present, but have been omitted from the drawing for reasons of clarity. In addition, they have already been described above, so that a further explanation can be omitted.
  • a video camera 1 3 recording the course of the driving or simulation or the behavior of the controlling person, which is connected to a storage device 14 for storing the video data.
  • the storage device 14 also stores the output signals F (t) of the gripping force sensor 2 and the deflection ⁇ (t) of the control device.
  • a computer 1 6 is provided which controls an image display device 1 5 (for example a light bar or a screen) in real time.
  • the image display device 1 5 contains information which gives the controlling person instructions on where to steer. In the simplest case, this can be a wandering point of light that the person with the control device 1 should follow. However, it is preferably provided that realistic driving environments are imported via a screen in order to create a believable one Generate driving simulation state for the controlling person.
  • the computer 16 controls an angular drive 18 according to the electrodynamic principle via a servo amplifier 17.
  • Drives of this type are frictionless in the de-energized state and can be operated as a passive element (friction element) and active element (force or torque transmitter) via current injection. With this device, jerk-transmitted forces can be simulated well.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 two embodiments of a control device 1 adapted for the invention are shown in perspective and partially in an exploded view.
  • Fig. 5 shows a control device 1 in the form of an oval joystick, as used in carting.
  • the control stick has a frame 22, on the top left and right of which two handle pieces 21 -1 and and 21 -2 are movably but captively mounted.
  • Two force sensor elements 20-1 and 20-2 are each arranged between the upper handle pieces and the frame, which measure the force with which the upper handle pieces 21 -1 and 21 -2 are pressed against the frame 22.
  • two further handle pieces 23-1 and and 23-2 are movable but captively mounted on the left and right between the lower handle pieces and the frame, two force sensor elements 2-1 and 2-2 are each arranged, which measure the force , with which the lower handle pieces 23-1 and 23-2 are pressed against the frame 22.
  • FIG. 6 shows a control device 1 in the form of a spoke steering wheel which has a circular steering ring 24, on the underside of which a force sensor element 2-1 is mounted between the steering ring and a plurality of finger pressure pieces 25.
  • Capacitive, resistive, pneumatic sensors or sensors based on the electrodynamic principle are preferably used as force or pressure sensors.
  • a capacitive force sensor 2 is shown schematically in FIG. 7. It consists of two capacitor plates 41, 42, between which an elastomer 45 is arranged as a dielectric. If the distance between the two capacitor plates is changed by an external force F, the capacitance of the capacitor changes. This can be measured by the circuit shown with an AC oscillator 43 and an amplifier 44.
  • Each of the two capacitor plates 41, 42 consists, from the outside inwards, of a grounded shield made of conductive material, a non-conductive polyester film and an electrode layer made of highly conductive material.
  • Resistive force sensors are made of substances that change their resistance under pressure (e.g. a mixture of carbon and binder).
  • pressure e.g. a mixture of carbon and binder
  • strain gauges are used, the pressure acting from the outside leading to a change in their length and thus to a change in their resistance. The changes in resistance are also measured electrically.
  • FIG. 8 shows a pneumatic force sensor.
  • This has a compressible balloon 46, which is compressed by an external force F.
  • the balloon 46 communicates via an air line 47 with an air reservoir 48.
  • the air from this reservoir 48 can only flow into the balloon when its pressure is at least as great as the pressure acting on the balloon from the outside. Therefore, the pressure in the reservoir 48 is increased until air flows into the balloon 46.
  • the pressure value measured at this moment in the reservoir by means of a manometer 49 corresponds to the pressure acting on the balloon from the outside.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Educational Technology (AREA)
  • Educational Administration (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Social Psychology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
  • Psychiatry (AREA)
  • Psychology (AREA)
  • Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Developmental Disabilities (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Entrepreneurship & Innovation (AREA)
  • Steering Controls (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif pour contrôler l'aptitude à conduire d'une personne conduisant un véhicule équipé d'une unité de commande (1) pouvant être actionnée manuellement. Ce dispositif est caractérisé par au moins un détecteur (2; 20) placé sur l'unité de commande (1), servant à mesurer la force avec laquelle le conducteur saisit l'unité de commande, le ou les détecteurs (2; 20) fournissant un signal de sortie (F(t)) proportionnel à la force de préhension. Ce dispositif est en outre caractérisé par une unité de comparaison (3) servant à comparer le signal de sortie (F(t)) fourni par le détecteur de force de préhension (2; 20) à une valeur seuil supérieure fixée (Fmax), l'unité de comparaison (3) émettant un signal d'alerte (W(t)) en cas de dépassement de cette valeur limite supérieure (Fmax). Ce dispositif est enfin caractérisé par un dispositif d'alerte (4) tactile, acoustique ou optique, pouvant être activé par le signal d'alerte (W(t)). L'invention permet de détecter à temps des états de stress ou de fatigue chez un conducteur, et, par l'intermédiaire de signaux d'alerte appropriés, d'empêcher des accidents. L'invention peut être utilisée également dans le domaine du sport automobile et pour l'apprentissage de la conduite.
EP00913946A 1999-03-17 2000-03-17 Procede et dispositif pour controler l'aptitude a conduire d'une personne conduisant un vehicule ou utilisant un simulateur de conduite Withdrawn EP1169189A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT47899 1999-03-17
AT0047899A ATA47899A (de) 1999-03-17 1999-03-17 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur überwachung der fahrtüchtigkeit einer ein fahrzeug oder einen fahrsimulator steuernden person
PCT/AT2000/000061 WO2000055000A1 (fr) 1999-03-17 2000-03-17 Procede et dispositif pour controler l'aptitude a conduire d'une personne conduisant un vehicule ou utilisant un simulateur de conduite

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1169189A1 true EP1169189A1 (fr) 2002-01-09

Family

ID=3491689

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00913946A Withdrawn EP1169189A1 (fr) 1999-03-17 2000-03-17 Procede et dispositif pour controler l'aptitude a conduire d'une personne conduisant un vehicule ou utilisant un simulateur de conduite

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1169189A1 (fr)
AT (1) ATA47899A (fr)
AU (1) AU3542800A (fr)
WO (1) WO2000055000A1 (fr)

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US6580973B2 (en) 2000-10-14 2003-06-17 Robert H. Leivian Method of response synthesis in a driver assistance system
US7565230B2 (en) 2000-10-14 2009-07-21 Temic Automotive Of North America, Inc. Method and apparatus for improving vehicle operator performance
US6909947B2 (en) 2000-10-14 2005-06-21 Motorola, Inc. System and method for driver performance improvement
US6925425B2 (en) 2000-10-14 2005-08-02 Motorola, Inc. Method and apparatus for vehicle operator performance assessment and improvement
DE10126224A1 (de) * 2001-05-30 2002-12-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Charakterisierung des Zustandes des Fahrers eines Kraftfahrzeuges
DE102009019663A1 (de) * 2009-04-30 2010-11-04 Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg Verfahren zum Erfassen einer pysikalischen Größe an einer Lenkhandhabe
US8773251B2 (en) 2011-02-10 2014-07-08 Sitting Man, Llc Methods, systems, and computer program products for managing operation of an automotive vehicle
US8666603B2 (en) 2011-02-11 2014-03-04 Sitting Man, Llc Methods, systems, and computer program products for providing steering-control feedback to an operator of an automotive vehicle
US8902054B2 (en) 2011-02-10 2014-12-02 Sitting Man, Llc Methods, systems, and computer program products for managing operation of a portable electronic device
DE102017216887A1 (de) * 2017-09-25 2019-03-28 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Erkennung des Kontakts von Händen mit dem Lenkrad eines Fahrzeugs

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See also references of WO0055000A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA47899A (de) 2003-06-15
WO2000055000A1 (fr) 2000-09-21
AU3542800A (en) 2000-10-04

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