EP1163692A1 - Substratparallel arbeitendes mikrorelais - Google Patents
Substratparallel arbeitendes mikrorelaisInfo
- Publication number
- EP1163692A1 EP1163692A1 EP00908889A EP00908889A EP1163692A1 EP 1163692 A1 EP1163692 A1 EP 1163692A1 EP 00908889 A EP00908889 A EP 00908889A EP 00908889 A EP00908889 A EP 00908889A EP 1163692 A1 EP1163692 A1 EP 1163692A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- contact piece
- microrelay
- movable contact
- dimensional
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H59/00—Electrostatic relays; Electro-adhesion relays
- H01H59/0009—Electrostatic relays; Electro-adhesion relays making use of micromechanics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
- H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
- H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
Definitions
- This invention relates to a micro relay for switching an electrical current on and off.
- microrelays have recently been developed and investigated.
- Related prior art can be found, for example, in H. F. Schlaak, F. Arndt, J. Schimkat, M. Hanke, Proc. Micro System Technology 96, 1996, pages 463-468.
- R. Allen "Simplified Process is Used to Make Micromachined FET-like Four-Terminal Microswitches and Microrelays" in Electronic Design, July 8, 1996, page 31.
- micro-relays are mounted on a substrate and have a movable contact piece on the substrate as well as an elastic suspension of the contact piece and an electrically actuable drive of the contact piece.
- the drive which can work, for example, electrostatically, electromagnetically or piezoelectrically, the movable contact piece is moved from an open position to a closed position or vice versa, the elastic suspension providing a restoring force.
- the contact piece for example, have elastic properties or be part of the drive.
- Microrelays are manufactured using the known methods of semiconductor technology or comparable methods in microtechnology and are therefore particularly suitable for integration with other semiconductor technology devices, in particular integrated circuits or transistors.
- microrelays have extraordinarily fast response times, especially in comparison to conventional electromagnetic relays, due to the small moving masses.
- the necessary switching powers are very low, so that considerable power savings can be achieved, in particular when used multiple times in a larger circuit.
- micro-relays not only take up small construction volumes due to their small design, but also have correspondingly low weights. After all, with suitable encapsulation, they are again extremely insensitive due to the small size and the small moving masses, both mechanically and thermally. The technician is therefore much more flexible when using microrelays than with conventional electromagnetic relays.
- the invention is based on the technical problem of finding a microrelay which is improved compared to the prior art.
- the invention solves this problem by means of a micro relay with a substrate, a movable contact piece on the substrate, an elastic suspension of the movable contact piece and an electrically actuable drive of the movable contact piece, characterized in that the movable contact piece is driven by the drive in the suspension in the is essentially movable parallel to the substrate, and by a method for producing a micro-relay of the above type, in which the movable contact piece receives at least a substantial part of its functional structure by means of a two-dimensional structuring method parallel to the substrate.
- the microrelay according to the invention is thus characterized in that the movable contact piece has a direction of movement parallel to the substrate.
- the movable contact piece thus moves to a certain extent in a planar manner and not, as in the prior art, more or less perpendicularly to the substrate plane.
- the entire microrelay can be designed essentially in two dimensions, which fundamentally simplifies the use of typical microtechnological processes, in particular with regard to the necessary lithography, etching or coating steps.
- a flat structure can also facilitate the possibilities of subsequent encapsulation or protection by a cover or the like.
- the structure of the microrelay either partially, that is to say the structure of the movable contact piece, of the drive or of the elastic suspension, or of two-dimensionally as far as possible.
- the function-determining structural elements are selected two-dimensionally in the substrate plane and can accordingly be implemented simply and uniformly in lithography and structuring.
- silicon is a suitable structural material, also because if it is suitably doped, it can be both practically insulating and electrically conductive, if necessary. This is also possible by means of suitable implantation or diffusion steps in a manner adapted to the microrelay structure.
- Buried layers can consist of SiO 2 , for example, and also to maximize the contact points with the established semiconductor technology processes.
- silicon on SiO 2 or another insulator it is possible to use imported SOI (silicon on insulator) structures, in particular if single-crystal silicon is preferred as the building material, SIO MOX wafers.
- SOI silicon on insulator
- a rod arranged parallel to the substrate can be used, which preferably has a framework structure in order to achieve good stability with low weight. This makes structures that are insensitive to vibrations and shocks and quickly responsive with high resonance frequencies possible.
- this truss structure can be implemented inexpensively with a two-dimensional structuring of the microrelay.
- the movable contact piece can have an oblique contact surface, namely obliquely to the direction of movement and at the same time essentially perpendicular to the substrate plane. Due to the oblique arrangement of the contact surface, a relatively large contact surface can be achieved on contact with a corresponding complementary contact surface of a fixed contact piece without excessive physical expansion of the movable contact piece. At the same time, the oblique angle of attack between the direction of movement and the contact surface can also translate the force of the drive, especially if there is a corresponding second contact surface or other system on the side of the movable contact piece opposite the contact surface.
- the movable or a fixed contact piece is designed so that in the closing movement, for example, by bending a contact If there is a noticeable cross component between the respective contact surfaces, ie a movement component in the surface direction, the contact quality can be improved.
- An electrostatic version is preferably considered as the drive, because it has the advantage of both low supply powers and low supply voltages compared to electromagnetic or piezoelectric drives.
- a toothed finger structure is preferred, which can be sensibly implemented in the two-dimensional structuring considered here according to the invention.
- the elastic suspension is preferably provided by at least one meandering web. The details of these geometric designs are discussed in more detail in the description of the exemplary embodiments.
- the invention also offers the possibility of installing an arcing chamber structure known from conventional circuit breakers, as shown in more detail in the third exemplary embodiment.
- the invention relates both to a novel microrelay structure and to a two-dimensional structuring method designed for this purpose. Accordingly, the above explanations regarding the various individual aspects of the invention are to be understood both with regard to the disclosure of corresponding device features and with regard to method features.
- Figures 1 and 2 the first embodiment in the open or closed state of the microrelay
- FIGS 5 and 6 the third embodiment in the open or closed state.
- the exemplary embodiments shown below can be produced using the technology described in the cited publication by C. Marxer et al, it being possible for the contact surfaces to be applied at an oblique angle by correspondingly increased vapor deposition. In principle, electrolytic contact reinforcements are also possible at selected points.
- Figures 1 and 2 show a first embodiment with a movable contact piece, which has a rod 1 lying in the direction of movement with a truss structure constructed by transverse struts.
- a truss structure constructed by transverse struts.
- the movable contact piece can be moved in a double meandering web structure 6 in the horizontal direction in FIG. 1, ie parallel to the substrate.
- 1 shows an open state of the microrelay, in which two parts of the fixed contact piece 5 are separated from one another
- FIG. 2 shows the microrelay in the closed state shows in which the movable contact piece connects the two parts of the fixed contact piece 5.
- the current flow I that is now possible is indicated.
- the entire movable contact piece By removing a buried SiO 2 layer from the substrate, the entire movable contact piece, including the left side of the drive 7 and the elastic suspension 6 in the figures, is removed. The remaining parts shown, in particular the fixed contact piece 5 and the right side in the figures of the drive 7 are firmly connected to the substrate by the buried SiO 2 layer.
- the force necessary for the movement is generated by a toothed finger structure designated 7, which is actuated by applying a voltage U in the manner shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the fingers are shown exaggeratedly far apart in FIG. 1, they can also extend into one another even in the open state.
- the de-energized state thus corresponds to the open position shown in FIG. 1, whereas when a positive voltage is applied by the electrostatic attraction, the restoring force of the elastic suspension 6 is overcome and the closed position is established.
- the meandering webs of the elastic suspension 6 and the fingers of the drive 7 are electrically conductive by appropriate doping.
- the truss structure of the rod 1 is designed to isolate the potential of the drive from the switched route.
- the contact surfaces 3 and 4 are covered with Au by appropriate oblique vapor deposition; the fixed contact piece 5 can correspond to a relatively solid metallic conductor track.
- the contact-side tip of the movable contact piece between the two oblique contact surfaces 3 can also be covered with a sufficiently thick metal layer and thus electrically connect the two contact surfaces 3.
- the illustrated case of a relay that is open in the de-energized state corresponds to the usual design of conventional electromagnetic relays, but is not mandatory. It is also possible, by electrostatic repulsion, or by electrostatic attraction of correspondingly attached fingers, to open a micro relay structure which is basically closed by the elastic suspension 6 by applying voltage.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 show a second exemplary embodiment, only the details which differ from the first exemplary embodiment being explained.
- the truss structure 2 of the movable contact piece carries at the contact-side end of the contact piece rod 1 a beam 8 which runs essentially transversely to the direction of the rod and has reinforced metal structures 9 located at both ends thereof, which are connected by a metallic bridge 10.
- Analog contact surfaces 11 lie opposite each of the contact surfaces 9 on two parts of the fixed contact piece 5. In the closed position shown in FIG. 4, this structure has the advantage that a slight movement component between the contact surfaces 9 and 11 transversely due to a slight bending of the bar 8 results in the closing direction of the microrelay. Experience has shown that this improves the quality of the contact.
- the third exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 5 and 6 shows a variant with an arcing chamber structure 12 constructed from vertical Si webs which are electrically insulated on the substrate by the buried SiO 2 layer.
- the contact piece from the closed position shown in FIG. 6 to the open position shown in FIG. 5 can have an arc due to the rounded shape of the fixed contact piece 5 at the point designated by 13 and the rounded shape of the contact-side end 14 of the movable contact piece along the as Structure 13 acting rail are driven into the quenching chamber 12.
- This is due to a curved shape of the arc 12 driven.
- a curved shape of the arc is important due to the suitable shape at 13 and 14.
- the third exemplary embodiment differs from the first and second in that the movable contact piece cannot connect approximately two separate parts of the fixed contact piece 5, but rather forms part of the current path to be switched. This is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 by the reinforced lines in the area of the current path, i. H. in the area of the fixed contact piece 5, the arcing chamber 12, the movable contact piece, d. H. of the rod 1, which is made conductive here, the lower meandering suspension structure 6 in FIGS. 5 and 6 and the conductive connection between the left end of the structure in FIGS. 5 and 6 and the arcing chamber 12.
Landscapes
- Micromachines (AREA)
- Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
- Structure Of Printed Boards (AREA)
- Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
- Relay Circuits (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19912669A DE19912669A1 (de) | 1999-03-20 | 1999-03-20 | Substratparallel arbeitendes Mikrorelais |
| DE19912669 | 1999-03-20 | ||
| PCT/CH2000/000152 WO2000057445A1 (de) | 1999-03-20 | 2000-03-17 | Substratparallel arbeitendes mikrorelais |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1163692A1 true EP1163692A1 (de) | 2001-12-19 |
| EP1163692B1 EP1163692B1 (de) | 2003-02-05 |
Family
ID=7901818
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00908889A Expired - Lifetime EP1163692B1 (de) | 1999-03-20 | 2000-03-17 | Substratparallel arbeitendes mikrorelais |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6613993B1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1163692B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE232331T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19912669A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2000057445A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10040867A1 (de) * | 2000-08-21 | 2002-05-23 | Abb Research Ltd | Mikroschalter |
| US6917268B2 (en) * | 2001-12-31 | 2005-07-12 | International Business Machines Corporation | Lateral microelectromechanical system switch |
| US20040027029A1 (en) * | 2002-08-07 | 2004-02-12 | Innovative Techology Licensing, Llc | Lorentz force microelectromechanical system (MEMS) and a method for operating such a MEMS |
| RU2325722C2 (ru) * | 2002-11-19 | 2008-05-27 | Баолаб Микросистемс С.Л. | Миниатюрное реле и соответствующие варианты его использования |
| US20050156191A1 (en) * | 2004-01-21 | 2005-07-21 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Actuator structure and optical device |
| JP4540443B2 (ja) * | 2004-10-21 | 2010-09-08 | 富士通コンポーネント株式会社 | 静電リレー |
| KR100748747B1 (ko) | 2006-02-17 | 2007-08-13 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 비접촉 rf mems 스위치 |
| DE102007035633B4 (de) | 2007-07-28 | 2012-10-04 | Protron Mikrotechnik Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung mikromechanischer Strukturen sowie mikromechanische Struktur |
| WO2009148677A2 (en) * | 2008-03-11 | 2009-12-10 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Microelectromechanical system (mems) resonant switches and applications for power converters and amplifiers |
| FR2950194B1 (fr) * | 2009-09-11 | 2011-09-02 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Actionneur electromecanique a electrodes interdigitees |
| CN104025238B (zh) * | 2011-12-21 | 2016-05-18 | 西门子公司 | 一种接触器 |
| KR101276369B1 (ko) * | 2012-01-10 | 2013-06-18 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | 배선용 차단기 |
| CN103956299A (zh) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-07-30 | 苏州锟恩电子科技有限公司 | 一种微机械rf开关 |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5025346A (en) | 1989-02-17 | 1991-06-18 | Regents Of The University Of California | Laterally driven resonant microstructures |
| DE4126107C2 (de) * | 1991-08-07 | 1993-12-16 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Beschleunigungssensor und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
| DE4205029C1 (en) * | 1992-02-19 | 1993-02-11 | Siemens Ag, 8000 Muenchen, De | Micro-mechanical electrostatic relay - has tongue-shaped armature etched from surface of silicon@ substrate |
| DE4229068C2 (de) * | 1992-09-01 | 1994-06-16 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Beschleunigungsschalter und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
| FR2706075B1 (fr) * | 1993-06-02 | 1995-07-21 | Lewiner Jacques | Dispositif de commande du type actionneur à pièce mobile conservant son orientation au cours du mouvement. |
| KR100252009B1 (ko) * | 1997-09-25 | 2000-04-15 | 윤종용 | 마이크로 진동구조물과 그 공진주파수 조절방법 및 이를 이용한 마이크로 엑츄에이터 |
| DE19800189C2 (de) * | 1998-01-05 | 2000-05-18 | Stefan Vogel | Mikromechanischer Schalter |
-
1999
- 1999-03-20 DE DE19912669A patent/DE19912669A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-03-17 US US09/936,836 patent/US6613993B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-03-17 WO PCT/CH2000/000152 patent/WO2000057445A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2000-03-17 EP EP00908889A patent/EP1163692B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-17 DE DE50001205T patent/DE50001205D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-17 AT AT00908889T patent/ATE232331T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0057445A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19912669A1 (de) | 2000-09-21 |
| DE50001205D1 (de) | 2003-03-13 |
| WO2000057445A1 (de) | 2000-09-28 |
| EP1163692B1 (de) | 2003-02-05 |
| ATE232331T1 (de) | 2003-02-15 |
| US6613993B1 (en) | 2003-09-02 |
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