EP1160382B1 - Manhole cover with theft-prevention device - Google Patents

Manhole cover with theft-prevention device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1160382B1
EP1160382B1 EP01470014A EP01470014A EP1160382B1 EP 1160382 B1 EP1160382 B1 EP 1160382B1 EP 01470014 A EP01470014 A EP 01470014A EP 01470014 A EP01470014 A EP 01470014A EP 1160382 B1 EP1160382 B1 EP 1160382B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cell
wall
frame
cover
plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01470014A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1160382A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Claude Hauer
Patrice Vauthier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain PAM SA
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain PAM SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain PAM SA filed Critical Saint Gobain PAM SA
Publication of EP1160382A1 publication Critical patent/EP1160382A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1160382B1 publication Critical patent/EP1160382B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • E02D29/1463—Hinged connection of cover to frame
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • E02D29/1418—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers with implements to assist in lifting, e.g. counterweights, springs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to manholes with buffer or articulated grid forming cover, and more particularly the eyes comprising such a cover articulated placed on public roads to cover or access selectively excavations dug in the ground such as trenches or underground galleries.
  • a hinged lid look to cover or selectively access to an excavation dug in the ground comprising a frame defining access to the excavation and a cover adapted to be able to be in an approximately pivotal movement about an axis approximately horizontal resting in the chassis between a position closure in which it approximately overlaps the access and a position opening in abutment in which it releases it substantially, the lid and the chassis being provided with means of mutual articulation constituted by at least one lug of the lid and at least one cell of the frame having mutual support surfaces adapted to cooperate with said approximately pivoting movement, the tenon presenting in the region of its free end separated from the wall of the cell which is vis-à-vis when the lid is in the closed position by a space, a articulation head having at least one lateral lug accommodated, when the lid rests in the chassis, at least partially under at least one edge of the cell that is overhanging and extends itself in the direction of said wall of the cell at a
  • the plate can be mounted from below of the chassis, the arrangement of the antitheft device is not very visible, and so it is extremely difficult to separate the chassis cover without damaging the look, which is impossible with standard hand tools.
  • the hinged-lid look that is partially depicted on the figures is a stamp look generally cast iron, which can be used to selectively cover an excavated tunnel inspection chimney in the ground or access this chimney; this look is here of general shape circular but this form is naturally not limiting.
  • the eye comprises an annular frame 1 delimiting an access 2 to the chimney, the buffer 3 and the frame being articulated to one another by means of means of mutual articulation, so that the buffer can be moved in an approximately pivotal movement (usually a pivoting movement accompanied by a slight sliding of its surfaces bearing on bearing surfaces of the frame) about an axis approximately horizontal resting in the frame between a closed position in which it approximately overlaps the access and a position opening in abutment in which it releases substantially this access.
  • an approximately pivotal movement usually a pivoting movement accompanied by a slight sliding of its surfaces bearing on bearing surfaces of the frame
  • the word “horizontal (e)” means (and will mean throughout the text) “Parallel to the plane in which the chassis extends", although this plan may be inclined if the eye is intended to be implanted on the surface sloping soil, and the word “vertical (e)” will mean “perpendicular to plane in which the chassis extends.
  • the means of mutual articulation of the buffer 3 and the chassis 1 are respectively a tenon of the buffer and a cell 10 of the chassis, but of course the number of tenons and cells may be greater.
  • the cell 10 of the frame 1 is limited by a wall 11 which is the wall outside the chassis, and vis-à-vis the latter by a wall 12 whose top, serving as seat to buffer 3, is below the summit level of the outer wall 11, the difference in level being such that the face top of the pad is flush with the top of the outer wall 11 when the buffer is in the closed position; a seal (not shown) is interposed between the top of the wall 12 and the buffer.
  • the outer wall 11 has an edge 111 partially overhanging the cell, the edge acts as buffer stop to define an open position in abutment ( Figure 4).
  • the cell 10 is bounded by two walls 13 facing each other.
  • bearing (and sliding) surfaces are defined for the buffer 3 during its approximately pivotal movement which has mentioned above; these surfaces will be described later in more detail.
  • the cell 10 has no bottom and thus opens with its base outside the frame 1.
  • the buffer 3 here of circular general shape, comprises protruding from its circular contour, a tenon 30 adapted for be inserted into the cell 10.
  • the tenon 30 has, in its region close to its connection to the generally circular shape portion of the pad 3 which is adapted for cover the access 2 in the closed position, a portion 301 of reduced thickness whose recessed faces respectively lower and upper are approximately flat and parallel; on the other hand, in his region where its free end, the tenon comprises a head 302 comprising lower and upper regions that extend in excess relative to to the faces of the portion 301; the lower region of the head 302 has two pins 303 projecting laterally from the lateral faces of the region superior of the head; the lower and upper faces of the lugs are approximately planes and parallels, except that the underside further has a protrusion 304 down rounded shape, in the immediate vicinity of the free end of the tenon.
  • the lower surfaces and upper and the singing surface of the tenon likely come into contact with the cell 10 during the movement approximately pivoting of the buffer, and in particular those of the lugs, constitute the surfaces post support.
  • each side wall 13 of the cell 10 The bearing surfaces for the tenon and in particular for the lugs 303, of each side wall 13 of the cell 10, follow one another from the face upper part of the frame 1, over part of the height of the cell, and the same profile on the one and the other wall.
  • Each of these sidewalls thus comprises two successions of bearing surfaces arranged opposite each other, one on the side of the outer wall 11 and the other on the side of the inner wall 12.
  • the bearing surfaces facing each other are spaced a distance slightly greater than the thickness of the lugs 303 of the tenon 30 to allow insertion of the latter into the cell only when the tampon is in approximately vertical position; in this upper part, a first bearing surface 131 inner wall side 12 extends vertically a few millimeters high, and the surface 132 support that succeeds it approaches this wall 12 first almost horizontally so as to form an edge of the cell clearly overhanging towards the outer wall 11, then continues substantially vertically to finally come attached to this wall 12; also in the upper part of the cell, the upper bearing surface 133 outer wall side 11 which moves away first of this wall 11 then dipped vertically over a few millimeters, and the surface support 134 which extends the closer to the outer wall 11, overhanging with a slight inclination downwards; the next support surface 135 moves away from the outer wall 11 forming a ramp curvature ending approximately halfway up the cell, at a distance from the inner wall 12 approximately equal to the thickness of the
  • the head 302 can be introduced in the cell 10 only when the buffer 3 is approximately vertical ( Figure 2); when the 303 studs are completely below the level of the overhanging edges defined by the bearing surfaces 131, 132, 133, 134 belonging to the cell, the buffer can be rotated to its total opening position at approximately 110 degrees to the chassis, in which its portion 301 of reduced thickness is in contact against the edge 11 of the overhanging cell, and part of its protuberance 304 is in bearing against the lower part of the bearing surface 132 belonging to the inner wall side cell 12, which preferably conforms to the shape of this part of the protuberance 304; it can be noted that there is also a position stable intermediate security (not shown) in which the buffer 3 is locked in an angular position at about 90 degrees to chassis; in this position, the upper face of the part 301 of the tenon at the place of its connection with the circular part of the buffer is resting against the upper bearing surface 133 on the outer wall side 11, and the lower face of the
  • the post 30 of the pad 3 can be removed from the cell 10, and thus the buffer can be separated from the frame, when the buffer is approximately vertical.
  • a stop plate 4 for the head ( Figure 1), intended to be positioned approximately vertically in the cell against the outer wall 11.
  • This plate 4 comprises a body 40 having a shape slightly bent forming a very obtuse dihedral angle opening towards the outer wall 11, the dihedral stop extending approximately horizontally and half-length of the wafer; in addition, the end portion upper plate 4 is folded approximately at right angles to direction of the outer wall 11 over a very short length, and both side edges 41 of this folded end portion bear two trunnions 42 respective cylindrical retainer of the wafer against the outer wall 11.
  • each of the side walls 13 of the cell has a groove 137 extending approximately vertically in the cell against the wall 11, adapted to slidably receive a respective pin 42 the wafer 4; to allow the introduction of the journal 42 in this groove 137, each side wall of the cell further comprises a groove 138 slightly inclined upward towards the outer wall 11, one end of which opens into the vertical groove 137 and whose end opposite emerges in the curved ramp surface 135 of the cell 10.
  • the outer wall 11 of the frame 1 comprises a channel 112 extending into the cell 10 in the direction of the inner wall 12, below the level of the lower end of the bearing surface 136 approximately vertical.
  • the support plate 4 is thus likely to take two positions, namely a security position against theft, or anti-theft position, and a waiting position in which it is placed before being put into security position.
  • the support plate 4 in the cell 10 from above the frame, or from below this, the orifice 100 of the base of the cell 10 presenting sufficiently large dimensions to allow the passage of the plate 4 to the space of the cell where the plate must be placed place, the two pins 42 are slid into the inclined grooves 138, and they are lowered to the bottom of the vertical grooves 137; the body 40 of the plate 4 is then pressed against the outer surface of the gutter 112 ( Figures 2 and 3).
  • the buffer can then be put in place and possibly took of ; when the tampon is in place in any position, the tenon 30 almost perfectly masks the wafer and further prevents this one to escape from the cell 10.
  • the buffer 3 is placed in the open position or at the position Stable Intermediate at 90 degrees or at full open position at 110 degrees, and push the paddle up and down until its singing lower can be introduced into the support channel 112 and falls against the internal surface of this support gutter.
  • the plate 4 integrates with the housing and offers virtually no hold, which the makes it virtually inaccessible.
  • the plate 4 limits the possibilities of displacement buffer 3 in particular towards the outer wall 11 of the cell 10 to a race insufficient so that the pin stops being overhung at least partially by at least one edge overhanging the cell 10; it is therefore impossible to remove the buffer.
  • this structure allows to disassemble the buffer during the installation period (for example to seal the frame), forbidden to remove the buffer after installation and commissioning of the plate, allows to integrate the plate with the chassis from the beginning in a captive way, and makes the plate inaccessible and unmountable after commissioning.
  • the buffer 3 is approximately identical to that of the embodiments of FIGS. 6; also, his description will not be repeated; it's the same with the most much of the chassis 1; indeed, as it is mainly the form of the plate 4 of FIGS. 7 to 9 which is different from that of FIGS. 6, the differences in chassis 1 are basically about the means provided to retain the plate 4 and support it; also, only the plate 4 and these means will now be described; the elements of the second embodiment corresponding to elements of the first carry the same numerical references especially on the drawings.
  • the plate 4 comprises in its central part a body 40 having a flat general shape; as the wafer of the embodiment Figures 1 to 6, its upper end portion is folded approximately at right angles to the outer wall 11 on a very short length, and the two side edges 41 of this end portion folded bear two respective cylindrical retaining pins 42 of the plate against the outer wall 11; in addition, its lower end portion is bent at a right angle in the opposite direction to the upper end portion, to form a foot 43 perpendicular to the body 40.
  • the face of the stop plate 4 which is adapted to come opposite the wall outer 11 door two guide pins 44 extending laterally respectively on both sides side edges of the plate; each of these side edges also wears, slightly above the level of the stud 44, a latching notch 45 ramp inclined, protruding on the edge.
  • the plate 4 further carries a pin 46 of highly compressible elastomeric material whose end is of generally conical shape, approximately in the center of the body 40 and protruding on the surface of the body that is intended to be vis-à-vis the outer wall 11.
  • each of the side walls 13 of the cell has a groove 137 extending approximately vertically in the cell against the wall 11 outside and opening out of the frame 1 at the orifice 100 of the base of the cell 10, adapted to receive a sliding trunnion 42 and a pad 44 for guiding the wafer;
  • the outer wall 11 also comprises a groove 139 guiding the sliding in the direction vertical of the free end of the stud 46 at the same time as the wafer;
  • the edge 140 on the inner wall side 12 of each of the grooves 137 has notches 141 inclined ramp to accommodate the notch corresponding snap 45 of the wafer 4 when it is in position waiting and when it is in a secure position, and thus support it when she is in one or other of these two positions.
  • the means of mutual articulation of the buffer 3 and the chassis 1 are respectively two pins 30 of the buffer and two cells 10 of the frame; the organs of this embodiment corresponding to organs already described from the preceding shapes bear the same numerical references.
  • the cells 10 are bounded by an outer wall 11 and to their upper part by an inner wall 12 of the frame as previously ; on the other hand, as the two cells are separated from each other by a partition extending T from the outer wall 11 in the direction of the inner wall 12, they are limited laterally on one side by a wall 13 as before, while on the opposite side, the side wall of the upper part of the cells is this partition 15 T.
  • the bearing surfaces belonging to the frame 1 consist of in each cell by flat upper surfaces 113 of the lateral the outer wall 11 inclined downwards towards the interior of the chassis 1, extended in the same direction by curved surfaces 114 itself extended by horizontal surfaces 115.
  • the T-shaped septum does not extend to the bottom cells 10, so that they are in communication one with the other under the material bridge constituted by the partition 15; we can also note that in each cell 10, vis-à-vis the projecting region in the direction of the side wall 13, of the widest part of the partition 15 T, the outer wall 11 descends approximately vertically up to the base of the frame 1, the bearing surfaces 113, 114, 115 for the pin 30 interrupting laterally to the right of the free end of this projecting region; it follows that the two cells 10 pass through the frame from one end to the other at the base of it in their region extending between the outer wall 11 and the vertical of the projecting region laterally of the widest part of the partition 15, by respective orifices 100, and that the two orifices 100 are in communication one with the other under the partition 15 T.
  • the tenons 30, at their free end, end comprise a head 302 having an outer shape in a portion of a cylinder extending over a Circumference arc of the order of 180 degrees.
  • the cylindrical surfaces of heads constitute bearing surfaces of the tenons.
  • Each articulation head 302 has, in the region of its end free separated by a space of the wall 11 of the cell which is vis-à-vis when the tampon is in the closed position, a lateral lug 303 in protrudes with respect to the lateral face of the hinge head 302 which is vis-à-vis of the partition 15 T.
  • the lugs 303 have an upper surface in a portion of a cylinder extending here on a circumference arc of about 180 degrees. They are positioned so as to be partially overhanging, when the buffer is in the closed position, by an edge region 151 of the portion la wider of the T-shaped septum constituting as has been seen a wall of edge of each cell 10, which edge region 151 extends overhanging in the direction of the outer wall 11.
  • the open position abutting the buffer 3 (not shown), wherein the pad is at an angle of about 120 degrees to the chassis, is defined by the location and inclination of the upper surfaces inclined 113 against which the upper faces of the portion 301 tenons 30 can be pushed back, as well as by the support of the tenons on the bearing surfaces 115 and lugs against the base of the wall of the partition 15 which is vis-à-vis the outer wall 11.
  • the stud 30 of the buffer 3 can be introduced in the cell 10 of the frame 1 when the buffer is approximately vertical (FIG. 10), and the pad can then be brought into the open position stop, in the closed position (FIG. 11), or be separated from the frame approximately vertical position.
  • a stop plate 4 for the head ( Figures 13 and 14) intended to be positioned approximately vertically in the cell near the outer wall 11 (FIGS. 15 and 16).
  • This plate 4 comprises in its central part a body 40 having a flat general shape; the upper part and the lower part of the wafer 4 extend approximately at right angles towards the inner wall 12; this plate has a notch 47 extending the entire length of the upper part extending at an angle right with respect to the body 40 and the region of the body that is close to this upper part, so that two lateral branches 48 are defined on either side of the notch 47; the lower end part extending approximately at right angles forms as previously a foot 43; preferably, the foot 43 is narrower than the body 40 and that the spacing of the lateral branches 48; for this purpose, the body 40 may for example present an isosceles trapezoidal shape.
  • the inclined planar upper bearing surfaces 113 for the heads 302 of the tenons 30 and the pins 303, and the base 481 of a heel of the upper part of the lateral branches 48 of the plate which is protruding relative to the central body 40 have the same inclination; likewise the edge edge 151 of the cell overhanging the studs 303, and the base of the free end 482 of the upper part of the lateral branches 48 of the wafer have the same inclination; in addition, the length of this upper part of the branches 48 is such that it can fit between this bearing surface 113 and the song of the overhanging edge 151.
  • the plate 4 is put in place from below the chassis 1 through the orifices 100 in communication with the base thereof, while the buffer 3 is in the open position, raising the plate 4 in the cell to introduce its branches 48 between the tenon 30 and the outer wall 11 and then pivoting the base of the body 40 towards the wall 11.
  • the plate 4 can also be removed, but this operation is difficult, and this all the more for those who do not know the arrangement of the device; he The result is a certain inviolability.

Description

L'invention concerne les regards à tampon ou à grille articulée formant couvercle, et plus particulièrement les regards comportant un tel couvercle articulé placés sur la voie publique pour recouvrir ou accéder sélectivement à des excavations creusées dans le sol telles que des tranchées ou des cheminées de visite de galeries souterraines.The invention relates to manholes with buffer or articulated grid forming cover, and more particularly the eyes comprising such a cover articulated placed on public roads to cover or access selectively excavations dug in the ground such as trenches or underground galleries.

Pour des raisons de sécurité, comme pour des raisons économiques, il est essentiel que les couvercles des regards situés sur la voie publique ne puissent pas être retirés, sauf, en cas de nécessité, par des personnes habilitées.For security reasons, as for economic reasons, it is essential that the lids of manholes located on public roads can not be withdrawn except, where necessary, by persons authorized.

A cette fin, on connaít déjà des regards équipés d'un dispositif empêchant le retrait du couvercle de manière purement manuelle.To this end, we already know looks equipped with a device preventing removing the lid purely manually.

Cependant, la plupart de ces dispositifs sont visibles de l'extérieur lorsque le couvercle est en position de fermeture, et peuvent être démontés au moyen d'outils classiques.However, most of these devices are visible from the outside when the lid is in the closed position, and can be disassembled using conventional tools.

On connaít également des dispositifs antivols invisibles ou peu visibles de l'extérieur, mais susceptibles d'être démontés ou détruits relativement aisément lorsque le couvercle est mis en position d'ouverture, ce qui est possible sans grande difficulté lorsque le regard est dépourvu de verrou.There are also invisible or not very visible anti-theft devices. from outside, but likely to be dismantled or destroyed relatively easily when the lid is put in the open position, which is possible without much difficulty when the look is free of lock.

L'invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients et concerne à cette fin un regard à couvercle articulé pour recouvrir ou accéder sélectivement à une excavation creusée dans le sol, comportant un châssis délimitant un accès à l'excavation et un couvercle adapté pour pouvoir être mu dans un mouvement approximativement de pivotement autour d'un axe approximativement horizontal en reposant dans le châssis entre une position de fermeture dans laquelle il recouvre approximativement l'accès et une position d'ouverture en butée dans laquelle il le dégage substantiellement, le couvercle et le châssis étant munis de moyens d'articulation mutuelle constitués par au moins un tenon du couvercle et au moins une alvéole du châssis présentant des surfaces d'appui mutuel adaptées pour coopérer lors dudit mouvement approximativement de pivotement, le tenon présentant dans la région de son extrémité libre séparée de la paroi de l'alvéole qui est en vis-à-vis quand le couvercle est en position de fermeture par un espace, une tête d'articulation comportant au moins un ergot latéral logé, quand le couvercle repose dans le châssis, au moins partiellement sous au moins un bord de l'alvéole qui est en surplomb et s'étend lui-même en direction de ladite paroi de l'alvéole à distance de celle-ci, regard caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte, logée dans ledit espace, une plaquette de butée pour la tête d'articulation, reposant sur au moins une surface support appartenant au châssis, limitant les possibilités de déplacement du couvercle en direction de ladite paroi de l'alvéole à une course insuffisante pour que l'ergot cesse d'être surplombé au moins partiellement par ledit bord de l'alvéole, et l'alvéole débouche à l'extérieur du châssis par sa base de telle manière que ledit espace soit en communication avec l'extérieur du châssis par un orifice permettant le passage de la plaquette pour sa mise en place dans cet espace.The object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks and concerns for this purpose a hinged lid look to cover or selectively access to an excavation dug in the ground, comprising a frame defining access to the excavation and a cover adapted to be able to be in an approximately pivotal movement about an axis approximately horizontal resting in the chassis between a position closure in which it approximately overlaps the access and a position opening in abutment in which it releases it substantially, the lid and the chassis being provided with means of mutual articulation constituted by at least one lug of the lid and at least one cell of the frame having mutual support surfaces adapted to cooperate with said approximately pivoting movement, the tenon presenting in the region of its free end separated from the wall of the cell which is vis-à-vis when the lid is in the closed position by a space, a articulation head having at least one lateral lug accommodated, when the lid rests in the chassis, at least partially under at least one edge of the cell that is overhanging and extends itself in the direction of said wall of the cell at a distance from it, a look characterized in that comprises, housed in said space, an abutment plate for the head articulation, resting on at least one support surface belonging to the chassis, limiting the possibilities of moving the cover towards said wall of the cell at a stroke insufficient for the pin to stop to be overhung at least partially by said edge of the cell, and the cell opens out of the frame by its base in such a way that said space is in communication with the outside of the frame through an orifice allowing the passage of the wafer for its introduction in this space.

Grâce à cette structure, la plaquette peut être montée par le dessous du châssis, l'agencement du dispositif antivol est peu visible, et ainsi il est extrêmement difficile de séparer le couvercle du châssis sans détériorer largement le regard, ce qui est impossible avec les outils à main courants.Thanks to this structure, the plate can be mounted from below of the chassis, the arrangement of the antitheft device is not very visible, and so it is extremely difficult to separate the chassis cover without damaging the look, which is impossible with standard hand tools.

Le regard selon l'invention peut en outre présenter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :

  • le couvercle comporte un tenon présentant deux ergots latéraux, et le châssis comporte une alvéole dont des parois latérales sont munies de surfaces d'appui pour le tenon délimitant un bord de l'alvéole qui est en surplomb et s'étend en direction de la paroi de l'alvéole qui est en vis-à-vis de l'extrémité libre du tenon quand le couvercle est en position de fermeture ;
  • le couvercle comporte un tenon présentant deux ergots latéraux, et le châssis comporte une alvéole dont les parois latérales sont munies d'au moins une surface d'appui pour le tenon délimitant un bord de l'alvéole qui est en surplomb et s'étend en direction d'une paroi intérieure de l'alvéole dont le sommet sert de siège au couvercle ;
  • l'alvéole comporte des parois latérales présentant des rainures de retenue respectives s'étendant contre ladite paroi de l'alvéole qui est en vis-à-vis de l'extrémité libre du tenon quand le couvercle est en position de fermeture, et la plaquette comporte des tourillons latéraux montés coulissants dans ces rainures ;
  • les parois latérales présentent des rainures d'introduction respectives pour introduire les tourillons dans les rainures de retenue, dont une extrémité débouche dans cette rainure de retenue et dont l'extrémité opposée débouche dans une surface d'appui de l'alvéole pour le tenon, un chant inférieur de la plaquette étant adapté pour reposer sur une surface interne d'une gouttière portée par au moins une paroi de l'alvéole ;
  • les parois latérales sont munies de rainures respectives comportant des encoches, adaptées pour coopérer par encliquetage avec des crans portés par des chants latéraux de la plaquette, et la plaquette comporte également un téton en matériau compressible permettant le coulissement de la plaquette entre une position d'attente et une position de sécurisation ;
  • le couvercle comporte deux tenons présentant chacun au moins un ergot latéral, et le châssis comporte deux alvéoles présentant une paroi extérieure et des surfaces d'appui pour un tenon respectif, les deux alvéoles étant séparées l'une de l'autre par une cloison en T s'étendant depuis ladite paroi extérieure du châssis en direction d'une paroi intérieure du châssis, une partie élargie de la cloison en T présentant des régions de bord qui s'étendent en direction de la paroi extérieure et qui, quand le couvercle est en position de fermeture, surplombent partiellement les ergots du tenon ;
  • la plaquette présente deux branches latérales adaptées pour reposer sur des surfaces de support appartenant au châssis, ces surfaces de support étant constituées par la partie supérieure de surfaces d'appui supérieures équipant chaque alvéole pour l'appui des tenons respectifs et par un chant des régions de bord en surplomb sur les alvéoles ;
  • la plaquette présente à une extrémité un pied replié ;
  • la partie inférieure de l'alvéole est garnie d'un matériau de scellement.
The view according to the invention may furthermore have one or more of the following characteristics:
  • the cover comprises a tenon having two lateral lugs, and the frame comprises a cell whose lateral walls are provided with bearing surfaces for the tenon defining an edge of the cell which is overhanging and extends in the direction of the wall the cell which is vis-à-vis the free end of the tenon when the lid is in the closed position;
  • the cover comprises a tenon having two lateral lugs, and the frame comprises a cell whose side walls are provided with at least one bearing surface for the tenon delimiting an edge of the cell which is overhanging and extends in direction of an inner wall of the cell whose apex serves as seat cover;
  • the cell has side walls having respective retaining grooves extending against said wall of the cell which is vis-à-vis the free end of the tenon when the lid is in the closed position, and the plate has lateral journals slidably mounted in these grooves;
  • the side walls have respective introduction grooves for introducing the journals in the retaining grooves, one end of which opens into this retaining groove and the opposite end of which opens into a bearing surface of the cell for the tenon, a lower edge of the wafer being adapted to rest on an inner surface of a channel carried by at least one wall of the cell;
  • the side walls are provided with respective grooves having notches, adapted to cooperate by snapping with notches carried by side edges of the wafer, and the wafer also comprises a nipple of compressible material for sliding the wafer between a position of waiting and a security position;
  • the cover comprises two pins each having at least one lateral lug, and the frame comprises two cells having an outer wall and bearing surfaces for a respective tenon, the two cells being separated from each other by a partition made of T extending from said outer wall of the frame towards an inner wall of the frame, an enlarged portion of the T-shaped partition having edge regions extending in the direction of the outer wall and which, when the cover is in the closed position, partially overhang the pins of the tenon;
  • the plate has two lateral branches adapted to rest on support surfaces belonging to the frame, these support surfaces being constituted by the upper part of the upper bearing surfaces equipping each cell for the support of the respective tenons and by a singing regions overhanging edge on the alveoli;
  • the wafer has at one end a folded foot;
  • the lower part of the cell is lined with a sealing material.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description qui va suivre, de formes de réalisation de l'invention données à titre d'exemples non limitatifs et représentées sur les dessins joints dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique en perspective d'une plaquette de butée équipant une première forme de réalisation d'un regard selon l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une coupe schématique de la région d'articulation d'un regard selon la première forme de réalisation, dans laquelle le couvercle est montré au cours d'une phase d'insertion dans le châssis en position d'ouverture à 90° par rapport à celui-ci, la plaquette de butée étant non pas en position de sécurisation mais en position d'attente dans le châssis de manière à permettre la mise en place du couvercle ;
  • la figure 3 est une coupe schématique similaire à celle de la figure 2 mais dans laquelle le couvercle est en position de fermeture dans le châssis ;
  • la figure 4 est une coupe schématique similaire à celle des figures 2 et 3 mais dans laquelle la plaquette de butée est en position de sécurisation dans le châssis et le couvercle est en position d'ouverture en butée ;
  • la figure 5 est une coupe schématique similaire à celle de la figure 4 mais dans laquelle le couvercle est montré au cours d'une tentative de retrait en position d'ouverture à 90° par rapport au châssis, la plaquette de butée en position de sécurisation empêchant le retrait du couvercle ;
  • la figure 6 est une coupe schématique selon la ligne VI-VI de la figure 5, sur laquelle le couvercle n'est pas représenté ;
  • la figure 7 est une coupe schématique correspondant à celle de la figure 2, d'un regard selon une deuxième forme de réalisation, une plaquette de butée elle-même selon une deuxième forme de réalisation étant en position d'attente dans le châssis de manière à permettre la mise en place du couvercle ;
  • la figure 8 est une coupe schématique similaire à celle de la figure 7 mais dans laquelle la plaquette de butée est en position de sécurisation dans le châssis et le couvercle est montré au cours d'une tentative de retrait en position d'ouverture à 90° par rapport au châssis, la plaquette de butée empêchant ce retrait ;
  • la figure 9 est une coupe schématique selon la ligne IX-IX de la figure 8, sur laquelle le couvercle n'est pas représenté ;
  • la figure 10 est une coupe schématique correspondant à celles des figures 2 et 7, d'un regard selon une troisième forme de réalisation, en l'absence de plaquette de butée ;
  • la figure 11 est une coupe schématique similaire à celle de la figure 10 mais dans laquelle le couvercle est en position de fermeture dans le châssis, le long de la ligne XI-XI de la figure 12 ;
  • la figure 12 est une vue schématique de dessus correspondant à la coupe de la figure 11 ;
  • la figure 13 est une vue schématique de dessus de la plaquette de butée selon une troisième forme de réalisation, destinée à être insérée dans le châssis de regard selon la troisième forme de réalisation ;
  • la figure 14 est une coupe schématique de la plaquette de la figure 13 selon la ligne XIV-XIV de la figure 13 ;
  • la figure 15 est une vue schématique de dessus similaire à celle de la figure 12 mais dans laquelle la plaquette de butée est en position de sécurisation dans le châssis ; et
  • la figure 16 est une coupe schématique similaire à celle de la figure 11 le long de la ligne XVI-XVI de la figure 15, correspondant à cette figure 15 dans laquelle la plaquette de butée est en position de sécurisation dans le châssis.
Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge from the following description of embodiments of the invention given by way of non-limiting examples and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an abutment plate fitted to a first embodiment of a view according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic section of the hinge region of a manhole according to the first embodiment, in which the lid is shown during an insertion phase in the chassis in the 90 ° open position. relative thereto, the stop plate being not in the safety position but in the waiting position in the frame so as to allow the introduction of the cover;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic section similar to that of Figure 2 but in which the cover is in the closed position in the frame;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic section similar to that of Figures 2 and 3 but in which the stop plate is in the position of securing in the frame and the lid is in the open position in abutment;
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic section similar to that of FIG. 4 but in which the cover is shown during a withdrawal attempt in the open position at 90 ° with respect to the frame, the stop plate in the securing position preventing the removal of the lid;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic section along the line VI-VI of Figure 5, in which the cover is not shown;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-section corresponding to that of FIG. 2, of a view according to a second embodiment, an abutment plate itself according to a second embodiment being in a position of waiting in the chassis so as to to allow the placement of the lid;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-section similar to that of FIG. 7 but in which the stop plate is in the securing position in the frame and the cover is shown during a withdrawal attempt in the 90 ° open position relative to the frame, the stop plate preventing this withdrawal;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic section along the line IX-IX of Figure 8, in which the cover is not shown;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic section corresponding to those of Figures 2 and 7, a view according to a third embodiment, in the absence of abutment plate;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic section similar to that of Figure 10 but in which the cover is in the closed position in the frame, along the line XI-XI of Figure 12;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic top view corresponding to the section of Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic top view of the abutment plate according to a third embodiment, for insertion into the manhole according to the third embodiment;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic section of the wafer of Figure 13 along the line XIV-XIV of Figure 13;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic top view similar to that of Figure 12 but wherein the stop plate is in the position of securing in the frame; and
  • Figure 16 is a schematic section similar to that of Figure 11 along the line XVI-XVI of Figure 15, corresponding to this figure 15 in which the stop plate is in the securing position in the frame.

Le regard à couvercle articulé qui est partiellement représenté sur les figures est un regard à tampon généralement en fonte, pouvant être utilisé pour, sélectivement, recouvrir une cheminée de visite de galerie creusée dans le sol ou accéder à cette cheminée ; ce regard est ici de forme générale circulaire mais cette forme n'est naturellement pas limitative.The hinged-lid look that is partially depicted on the figures is a stamp look generally cast iron, which can be used to selectively cover an excavated tunnel inspection chimney in the ground or access this chimney; this look is here of general shape circular but this form is naturally not limiting.

Le regard comporte un châssis 1 annulaire délimitant un accès 2 à la cheminée, le tampon 3 et le châssis étant articulés l'un à l'autre par des moyens d'articulation mutuelle, de manière que le tampon puisse être mu dans un mouvement approximativement de pivotement (généralement un mouvement de pivotement accompagné d'un léger glissement de ses surfaces d'appui sur des surfaces d'appui du châssis) autour d'un axe approximativement horizontal en reposant dans le châssis entre une position de fermeture dans laquelle il recouvre approximativement l'accès et une position d'ouverture en butée dans laquelle il dégage substantiellement cet accès.The eye comprises an annular frame 1 delimiting an access 2 to the chimney, the buffer 3 and the frame being articulated to one another by means of means of mutual articulation, so that the buffer can be moved in an approximately pivotal movement (usually a pivoting movement accompanied by a slight sliding of its surfaces bearing on bearing surfaces of the frame) about an axis approximately horizontal resting in the frame between a closed position in which it approximately overlaps the access and a position opening in abutment in which it releases substantially this access.

Ici, le mot « horizontal(e) » signifie (et signifiera dans tout le texte) « parallèle au plan dans lequel s'étend le châssis » bien que ce plan puisse être éventuellement incliné si le regard est destiné à être implanté à la surface d'un sol incliné, et le mot « vertical(e) » signifiera « perpendiculaire au plan dans lequel s'étend le châssis ».Here, the word "horizontal (e)" means (and will mean throughout the text) "Parallel to the plane in which the chassis extends", although this plan may may be inclined if the eye is intended to be implanted on the surface sloping soil, and the word "vertical (e)" will mean "perpendicular to plane in which the chassis extends.

Dans la forme de réalisation des figures 1 à 6, les moyens d'articulation mutuelle du tampon 3 et du châssis 1 sont respectivement un tenon 30 du tampon et une alvéole 10 du châssis, mais naturellement le nombre des tenons et des alvéoles peut être supérieur.In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 6, the means of mutual articulation of the buffer 3 and the chassis 1 are respectively a tenon of the buffer and a cell 10 of the chassis, but of course the number of tenons and cells may be greater.

L'alvéole 10 du châssis 1 est limitée par une paroi 11 qui est la paroi extérieure du châssis, et en vis-à-vis de celle-ci par une paroi 12 dont le sommet, servant de siège au tampon 3, est en dessous du niveau du sommet de la paroi extérieure 11, la différence de niveau étant telle que la face supérieure du tampon affleure le sommet de la paroi extérieure 11 quand le tampon est en position de fermeture ; un joint d'étanchéité (non représenté) est interposé entre le sommet de la paroi 12 et le tampon. La paroi extérieure 11 comporte un bord 111 surplombant partiellement l'alvéole, dont le chant sert de butée au tampon pour définir une position d'ouverture en butée (figure 4).The cell 10 of the frame 1 is limited by a wall 11 which is the wall outside the chassis, and vis-à-vis the latter by a wall 12 whose top, serving as seat to buffer 3, is below the summit level of the outer wall 11, the difference in level being such that the face top of the pad is flush with the top of the outer wall 11 when the buffer is in the closed position; a seal (not shown) is interposed between the top of the wall 12 and the buffer. The outer wall 11 has an edge 111 partially overhanging the cell, the edge acts as buffer stop to define an open position in abutment (Figure 4).

Latéralement, l'alvéole 10 est limitée par deux parois 13 en vis-à-vis dans lesquelles sont définies des surfaces d'appui (et de glissement) pour le tampon 3 lors de son mouvement approximativement de pivotement qui a été mentionné plus haut ; ces surfaces seront décrites plus loin plus en détail.Laterally, the cell 10 is bounded by two walls 13 facing each other. in which bearing (and sliding) surfaces are defined for the buffer 3 during its approximately pivotal movement which has mentioned above; these surfaces will be described later in more detail.

En revanche, l'alvéole 10 est démunie de fond et ainsi débouche par sa base à l'extérieur du châssis 1.On the other hand, the cell 10 has no bottom and thus opens with its base outside the frame 1.

Comme on l'a vu, le tampon 3, ici de forme générale circulaire, comporte, en saillie par rapport à son contour circulaire, un tenon 30 adapté pour être inséré dans l'alvéole 10.As we have seen, the buffer 3, here of circular general shape, comprises protruding from its circular contour, a tenon 30 adapted for be inserted into the cell 10.

Pour plus de commodité, les termes tels que « haut », « bas », « supérieur », « inférieur », « dessus », « dessous », « sur », « sous », utilisés pour situer certains éléments du tampon seront des références à l'emplacement de ces éléments quand le tampon est en position de fermeture.For convenience, terms such as "high", "low", "Superior", "lower", "above", "below", "on", "under", used to situate certain elements of the buffer will be references to the location of these elements when the buffer is in the closed position.

Le tenon 30 comporte, dans sa région proche de son raccordement à la partie de forme générale circulaire du tampon 3 qui est adaptée pour recouvrir l'accès 2 en position de fermeture, une partie 301 d'épaisseur réduite dont les faces en retrait respectivement inférieure et supérieure sont approximativement planes et parallèles ; en revanche, dans sa région où se trouve son extrémité libre, le tenon comporte une tête 302 comportant des régions inférieure et supérieure qui s'étendent en surépaisseur par rapport aux faces de la partie 301 ; la région inférieure de la tête 302 comporte deux ergots 303 en saillie latéralement par rapport aux faces latérales de la région supérieure de la tête ; les faces inférieure et supérieure des ergots sont approximativement planes et parallèles, à l'exception du fait que la face inférieure présente en outre une protubérance 304 vers le bas de forme arrondie, à proximité immédiate de l'extrémité libre du tenon. Les surfaces inférieure et supérieure ainsi que la surface de chant du tenon susceptibles de venir en contact avec l'alvéole 10 lors du mouvement approximativement de pivotement du tampon, et notamment celles des ergots, constituent les surfaces d'appui du tenon.The tenon 30 has, in its region close to its connection to the generally circular shape portion of the pad 3 which is adapted for cover the access 2 in the closed position, a portion 301 of reduced thickness whose recessed faces respectively lower and upper are approximately flat and parallel; on the other hand, in his region where its free end, the tenon comprises a head 302 comprising lower and upper regions that extend in excess relative to to the faces of the portion 301; the lower region of the head 302 has two pins 303 projecting laterally from the lateral faces of the region superior of the head; the lower and upper faces of the lugs are approximately planes and parallels, except that the underside further has a protrusion 304 down rounded shape, in the immediate vicinity of the free end of the tenon. The lower surfaces and upper and the singing surface of the tenon likely come into contact with the cell 10 during the movement approximately pivoting of the buffer, and in particular those of the lugs, constitute the surfaces post support.

Les surfaces d'appui pour le tenon et notamment pour les ergots 303, de chaque paroi latérale 13 de l'alvéole 10, se succèdent depuis la face supérieure du châssis 1, sur une partie de la hauteur de l'alvéole, et présentent le même profil sur l'une et l'autre paroi. Chacune de ces parois latérales comporte ainsi deux successions de surfaces d'appui disposées en vis-à-vis, l'une du côté de la paroi extérieure 11 et l'autre du côté de la paroi intérieure 12. A la partie supérieure de l'alvéole 10, les surfaces d'appui en vis-à-vis sont écartées d'une distance légèrement supérieure à l'épaisseur des ergots 303 du tenon 30 afin de permettre l'insertion de celui-ci dans l'alvéole seulement quand le tampon est en position approximativement verticale ; dans cette partie supérieure, une première surface d'appui 131 côté paroi intérieure 12 s'étend verticalement sur quelques millimètres de haut, et la surface d'appui 132 qui lui succède se rapproche de cette paroi 12 d'abord presque à l'horizontale de manière à constituer un bord de l'alvéole nettement en surplomb en direction de la paroi extérieure 11, puis se poursuit sensiblement à la verticale pour finalement venir se rattacher à cette paroi 12 ; également dans la partie supérieure de l'alvéole, la surface d'appui supérieure 133 côté paroi extérieure 11 qui s'éloigne tout d'abord de cette paroi 11 plonge ensuite verticalement sur quelques millimètres, et la surface d'appui 134 qui la prolonge se rapproche de la paroi extérieure 11, en surplomb avec une faible inclinaison vers le bas ; la surface d'appui suivante 135 s'éloigne à nouveau de la paroi extérieure 11 en formant une rampe incurvée se terminant approximativement à mi-hauteur de l'alvéole, à une distance de la paroi intérieure 12 approximativement égale à l'épaisseur des ergots 303 ; elle est prolongée sur quelques millimètres par une surface 136 terminale approximativement verticale aboutissant à la partie inférieure de l'alvéole 10 dont la base débouche à l'extérieur du châssis 1 par un orifice 100.The bearing surfaces for the tenon and in particular for the lugs 303, of each side wall 13 of the cell 10, follow one another from the face upper part of the frame 1, over part of the height of the cell, and the same profile on the one and the other wall. Each of these sidewalls thus comprises two successions of bearing surfaces arranged opposite each other, one on the side of the outer wall 11 and the other on the side of the inner wall 12. At the upper part of the cell 10, the bearing surfaces facing each other are spaced a distance slightly greater than the thickness of the lugs 303 of the tenon 30 to allow insertion of the latter into the cell only when the tampon is in approximately vertical position; in this upper part, a first bearing surface 131 inner wall side 12 extends vertically a few millimeters high, and the surface 132 support that succeeds it approaches this wall 12 first almost horizontally so as to form an edge of the cell clearly overhanging towards the outer wall 11, then continues substantially vertically to finally come attached to this wall 12; also in the upper part of the cell, the upper bearing surface 133 outer wall side 11 which moves away first of this wall 11 then dipped vertically over a few millimeters, and the surface support 134 which extends the closer to the outer wall 11, overhanging with a slight inclination downwards; the next support surface 135 moves away from the outer wall 11 forming a ramp curvature ending approximately halfway up the cell, at a distance from the inner wall 12 approximately equal to the thickness of the pins 303; it is extended for a few millimeters by a surface 136 approximately vertical terminus leading to the lower part of the cell 10 whose base opens out of the frame 1 through an orifice 100.

Par suite de la forme des surfaces d'appui, la tête 302 peut être introduite dans l'alvéole 10 uniquement quand le tampon 3 est approximativement vertical (figure 2); quand les ergots 303 sont entièrement au-dessous du niveau des bords en surplomb définis par les surfaces d'appui 131, 132, 133, 134 appartenant à l'alvéole, le tampon peut être pivoté vers sa position d'ouverture totale à 110 degrés environ par rapport au châssis, dans laquelle sa partie 301 d'épaisseur réduite est en contact contre le bord 11 de l'alvéole en surplomb, et une partie de sa protubérance 304 est en appui contre la partie inférieure de la surface d'appui 132 appartenant à l'alvéole côté paroi intérieure 12, qui de préférence épouse la forme de cette partie de la protubérance 304 ; on peut noter qu'il existe en outre une position stable intermédiaire de sécurité (non représentée) dans laquelle le tampon 3 est bloqué dans une position angulaire à 90 degrés environ par rapport au châssis ; dans cette position, la face supérieure de la partie 301 du tenon à l'endroit de son raccordement avec la partie circulaire du tampon est en appui contre la surface d'appui supérieure 133 côté paroi extérieure 11, et la face inférieure de la partie 301 est en appui contre la première surface d'appui verticale 131 côté paroi intérieure 12, tandis que les extrémités des ergots 303 sont insérées entre la paroi intérieure 12 et la surface d'appui verticale terminale 136 ; en alternative, le tampon peut être pivoté vers sa position de fermeture en faisant remonter les surfaces d'appui appartenant à l'ergot contre la rampe incurvée 135 de l'alvéole en faisant prendre appui à la surface inférieure des tenons 30 contre la surface d'appui supérieure 131 côté paroi intérieure 12 ; dans cette position de fermeture dans laquelle le tampon repose horizontalement sur son siège, les ergots sont logés partiellement et emprisonnés sous les bords en surplomb de l'alvéole 10 définis par ses surfaces d'appui 131, 132, 133, 134 (figure 3).As a result of the shape of the bearing surfaces, the head 302 can be introduced in the cell 10 only when the buffer 3 is approximately vertical (Figure 2); when the 303 studs are completely below the level of the overhanging edges defined by the bearing surfaces 131, 132, 133, 134 belonging to the cell, the buffer can be rotated to its total opening position at approximately 110 degrees to the chassis, in which its portion 301 of reduced thickness is in contact against the edge 11 of the overhanging cell, and part of its protuberance 304 is in bearing against the lower part of the bearing surface 132 belonging to the inner wall side cell 12, which preferably conforms to the shape of this part of the protuberance 304; it can be noted that there is also a position stable intermediate security (not shown) in which the buffer 3 is locked in an angular position at about 90 degrees to chassis; in this position, the upper face of the part 301 of the tenon at the place of its connection with the circular part of the buffer is resting against the upper bearing surface 133 on the outer wall side 11, and the lower face of the portion 301 bears against the first surface vertical support 131 inner wall side 12, while the ends of the pins 303 are inserted between the inner wall 12 and the bearing surface terminal vertical 136; alternatively, the buffer can be rotated to its closing position by raising the bearing surfaces belonging to the lug against the curved ramp 135 of the cell by making support the lower surface of the studs 30 against the upper bearing surface 131 inner wall side 12; in this closed position in which the buffer rests horizontally on its seat, the lugs are housed partially and trapped under the overhanging edges of the defined cell 10 by its bearing surfaces 131, 132, 133, 134 (Figure 3).

Avec cette structure, le tenon 30 du tampon 3 peut être retiré de l'alvéole 10, et ainsi le tampon peut être séparé du châssis, quand le tampon est approximativement vertical.With this structure, the post 30 of the pad 3 can be removed from the cell 10, and thus the buffer can be separated from the frame, when the buffer is approximately vertical.

Pour supprimer cette possibilité, dans l'espace de l'alvéole 10 séparant l'extrémité libre du tenon 30 quand le tampon est en position de fermeture, de la paroi extérieure 11, est logée une plaquette de butée 4 pour la tête (figure 1), destinée à être alors positionnée approximativement verticalement dans l'alvéole contre la paroi extérieure 11.To remove this possibility, in the space of the cell 10 separating the free end of the tenon 30 when the buffer is in the closed position, the outer wall 11, is housed a stop plate 4 for the head (Figure 1), intended to be positioned approximately vertically in the cell against the outer wall 11.

Cette plaquette 4 comporte un corps 40 présentant une forme légèrement coudée formant un angle dièdre très obtus s'ouvrant en direction de la paroi extérieure 11, l'arrête du dièdre s'étendant approximativement horizontalement et à mi-longeur de la plaquette ; en outre, la partie d'extrémité supérieure de la plaquette 4 est repliée approximativement à angle droit en direction de la paroi extérieure 11 sur une très courte longueur, et les deux chants latéraux 41 de cette partie d'extrémité repliée portent deux tourillons 42 respectifs cylindriques de retenue de la plaquette contre la paroi extérieure 11.This plate 4 comprises a body 40 having a shape slightly bent forming a very obtuse dihedral angle opening towards the outer wall 11, the dihedral stop extending approximately horizontally and half-length of the wafer; in addition, the end portion upper plate 4 is folded approximately at right angles to direction of the outer wall 11 over a very short length, and both side edges 41 of this folded end portion bear two trunnions 42 respective cylindrical retainer of the wafer against the outer wall 11.

Pour retenir la plaquette de butée 4 contre la paroi extérieure 11, chacune des parois latérales 13 de l'alvéole comporte une rainure 137 s'étendant approximativement verticalement dans l'alvéole contre la paroi extérieure 11, adaptée pour recevoir à coulissement un tourillon 42 respectif de la plaquette 4 ; pour permettre l'introduction du tourillon 42 dans cette rainure 137, chaque paroi latérale de l'alvéole comporte en outre une rainure 138 légèrement inclinée vers le haut en direction de la paroi extérieure 11, dont une extrémité débouche dans la rainure verticale 137 et dont l'extrémité opposée débouche dans la surface formant rampe incurvée 135 de l'alvéole 10.To retain the abutment plate 4 against the outer wall 11, each of the side walls 13 of the cell has a groove 137 extending approximately vertically in the cell against the wall 11, adapted to slidably receive a respective pin 42 the wafer 4; to allow the introduction of the journal 42 in this groove 137, each side wall of the cell further comprises a groove 138 slightly inclined upward towards the outer wall 11, one end of which opens into the vertical groove 137 and whose end opposite emerges in the curved ramp surface 135 of the cell 10.

Pour supporter la plaquette de butée 4, la paroi extérieure 11 du châssis 1 comporte une gouttière 112 s'étendant dans l'alvéole 10 en direction de la paroi intérieure 12, en dessous du niveau de l'extrémité inférieure de la surface d'appui 136 approximativement verticale.To support the stop plate 4, the outer wall 11 of the frame 1 comprises a channel 112 extending into the cell 10 in the direction of the inner wall 12, below the level of the lower end of the bearing surface 136 approximately vertical.

La plaquette d'appui 4 est ainsi susceptible de prendre deux positions, à savoir une position de sécurisation contre le vol, ou position antivol, et une position d'attente dans laquelle elle est placée avant d'être mise en position de sécurisation.The support plate 4 is thus likely to take two positions, namely a security position against theft, or anti-theft position, and a waiting position in which it is placed before being put into security position.

Plus précisément, avant la mise en place du tampon, on introduit la plaquette d'appui 4 dans l'alvéole 10 par le dessus du châssis, ou encore par le dessous de celui-ci, l'orifice 100 de la base de l'alvéole 10 présentant des dimensions suffisamment étendues pour permettre le passage de la plaquette 4 jusqu'à l'espace de l'alvéole où la plaquette doit être mise en place, on fait coulisser les deux tourillons 42 dans les rainures inclinées 138, et on les abaisse jusqu'au fond des rainures verticales 137 ; le corps 40 de la plaquette 4 est alors en appui contre la surface extérieure de la gouttière 112 (figures 2 et 3). Le tampon peut alors être mis en place et éventuellement retiré ; quand le tampon est en place dans n'importe quelle position, le tenon 30 masque pratiquement parfaitement la plaquette et en outre empêche celle-ci de s'échapper de l'alvéole 10. Pour mettre la plaquette d'appui 4 en service, on place le tampon 3 en position d'ouverture soit à la position stable intermédiaire à 90 degrés soit à la position d'ouverture totale à 110 degrés, et on pousse la plaquette de bas en haut jusqu'à ce que son chant inférieur puisse être introduit dans la gouttière support 112 et retombe contre la surface interne de cette gouttière support. Dans cette position, la plaquette 4 s'intègre au boítier et n'offre pratiquement plus de prise, ce qui la rend pratiquement inaccessible.More precisely, before the introduction of the buffer, the support plate 4 in the cell 10 from above the frame, or from below this, the orifice 100 of the base of the cell 10 presenting sufficiently large dimensions to allow the passage of the plate 4 to the space of the cell where the plate must be placed place, the two pins 42 are slid into the inclined grooves 138, and they are lowered to the bottom of the vertical grooves 137; the body 40 of the plate 4 is then pressed against the outer surface of the gutter 112 (Figures 2 and 3). The buffer can then be put in place and possibly took of ; when the tampon is in place in any position, the tenon 30 almost perfectly masks the wafer and further prevents this one to escape from the cell 10. To put the support plate 4 in use, the buffer 3 is placed in the open position or at the position Stable Intermediate at 90 degrees or at full open position at 110 degrees, and push the paddle up and down until its singing lower can be introduced into the support channel 112 and falls against the internal surface of this support gutter. In this position, the plate 4 integrates with the housing and offers virtually no hold, which the makes it virtually inaccessible.

Dans ces conditions, la plaquette 4 limite les possibilités de déplacement du tampon 3 notamment en direction de la paroi extérieure 11 de l'alvéole 10 à une course insuffisante pour que l'ergot cesse d'être surplombé au moins partiellement par au moins un bord en surplomb de l'alvéole 10 ; il est donc impossible de retirer le tampon.Under these conditions, the plate 4 limits the possibilities of displacement buffer 3 in particular towards the outer wall 11 of the cell 10 to a race insufficient so that the pin stops being overhung at least partially by at least one edge overhanging the cell 10; it is therefore impossible to remove the buffer.

En résumé, cette structure permet de démonter le tampon durant la période d'installation (par exemple pour sceller le châssis), interdit de retirer le tampon après installation et mise en service de la plaquette, permet d'intégrer la plaquette au châssis dès l'origine de manière imperdable, et rend la plaquette inaccessible et indémontable après sa mise en service.In summary, this structure allows to disassemble the buffer during the installation period (for example to seal the frame), forbidden to remove the buffer after installation and commissioning of the plate, allows to integrate the plate with the chassis from the beginning in a captive way, and makes the plate inaccessible and unmountable after commissioning.

Dans la forme de réalisation des figures 7 à 9, le tampon 3 est approximativement identique à celui des formes de réalisation des figures 1 à 6 ; aussi, sa description ne sera pas répétée ; il en est de même de la plus grande partie du châssis 1 ; en effet, comme c'est principalement la forme de la plaquette 4 des figures 7 à 9 qui est différente de celle des figures 1 à 6, les différences dans le châssis 1 portent essentiellement sur les moyens prévus pour retenir la plaquette 4 et la supporter ; aussi, seuls la plaquette 4 et ces moyens seront maintenant décrits ; les éléments de la deuxième forme de réalisation correspondant à des éléments de la première portent les mêmes références numériques notamment sur les dessins.In the embodiment of Figures 7 to 9, the buffer 3 is approximately identical to that of the embodiments of FIGS. 6; also, his description will not be repeated; it's the same with the most much of the chassis 1; indeed, as it is mainly the form of the plate 4 of FIGS. 7 to 9 which is different from that of FIGS. 6, the differences in chassis 1 are basically about the means provided to retain the plate 4 and support it; also, only the plate 4 and these means will now be described; the elements of the second embodiment corresponding to elements of the first carry the same numerical references especially on the drawings.

La plaquette 4 comporte dans sa partie centrale un corps 40 présentant une forme générale plane ; comme la plaquette de la forme de réalisation des figures 1 à 6, sa partie d'extrémité supérieure est repliée approximativement à angle droit en direction de la paroi extérieure 11 sur une très courte longueur, et les deux chants latéraux 41 de cette partie d'extrémité repliée portent deux tourillons 42 respectifs cylindriques de retenue de la plaquette contre la paroi extérieure 11 ; en outre, sa partie d'extrémité inférieure est repliée à angle droit en sens opposé à la partie d'extrémité supérieure, pour former un pied 43 perpendiculaire au corps 40. De plus, la face de la plaquette de butée 4 qui est adaptée pour venir en vis-à-vis de la paroi extérieure 11 porte deux plots 44 de guidage s'étendant latéralement respectivement de part et d'autre des chants latéraux de la plaquette ; chacun de ces chants latéraux porte aussi, légèrement au-dessus du niveau du plot 44, un cran d'encliquetage 45 à rampe inclinée, en saillie sur le chant. La plaquette 4 porte en outre un téton 46 en matériau élastomère très compressible dont l'extrémité est de forme générale conique, fixé approximativement au centre du corps 40 et en saillie sur la surface du corps qui est destinée à être en vis-à-vis de la paroi extérieure 11.The plate 4 comprises in its central part a body 40 having a flat general shape; as the wafer of the embodiment Figures 1 to 6, its upper end portion is folded approximately at right angles to the outer wall 11 on a very short length, and the two side edges 41 of this end portion folded bear two respective cylindrical retaining pins 42 of the plate against the outer wall 11; in addition, its lower end portion is bent at a right angle in the opposite direction to the upper end portion, to form a foot 43 perpendicular to the body 40. In addition, the face of the stop plate 4 which is adapted to come opposite the wall outer 11 door two guide pins 44 extending laterally respectively on both sides side edges of the plate; each of these side edges also wears, slightly above the level of the stud 44, a latching notch 45 ramp inclined, protruding on the edge. The plate 4 further carries a pin 46 of highly compressible elastomeric material whose end is of generally conical shape, approximately in the center of the body 40 and protruding on the surface of the body that is intended to be vis-à-vis the outer wall 11.

Pour retenir la plaquette de butée 4 contre la paroi extérieure 11, chacune des parois latérales 13 de l'alvéole comporte une rainure 137 s'étendant approximativement verticalement dans l'alvéole contre la paroi extérieure 11 et débouchant à l'extérieur du châssis 1 au niveau de l'orifice 100 de la base de l'alvéole 10, adaptée pour recevoir à coulissement un tourillon 42 et un plot 44 de guidage de la plaquette ; la paroi extérieure 11 comporte également une rainure 139 guidant le coulissement en direction verticale de l'extrémité libre du téton 46 en même temps que la plaquette ; de plus, le bord 140 côté paroi intérieure 12 de chacune des rainures 137 comporte des encoches 141 à rampe inclinée pour loger le cran d'encliquetage 45 correspondant de la plaquette 4 quand celle-ci est en position d'attente et quand elle est en position de sécurisation, et ainsi la supporter quand elle est dans l'une ou l'autre de ces deux positions.To retain the abutment plate 4 against the outer wall 11, each of the side walls 13 of the cell has a groove 137 extending approximately vertically in the cell against the wall 11 outside and opening out of the frame 1 at the orifice 100 of the base of the cell 10, adapted to receive a sliding trunnion 42 and a pad 44 for guiding the wafer; the outer wall 11 also comprises a groove 139 guiding the sliding in the direction vertical of the free end of the stud 46 at the same time as the wafer; in addition, the edge 140 on the inner wall side 12 of each of the grooves 137 has notches 141 inclined ramp to accommodate the notch corresponding snap 45 of the wafer 4 when it is in position waiting and when it is in a secure position, and thus support it when she is in one or other of these two positions.

Les tourillons 42 de la plaquette de butée 4 étant insérés dans la rainure approximativement verticale 137 par son extrémité inférieure au niveau de l'orifice de base 100, pour passer de la position basse en attente (figure 7) dans laquelle les crans d'encliquetage 45 sont en prise dans les encoches correspondantes, à la position haute de sécurisation (figure 8), il suffit de faire coulisser la plaquette vers le haut en faisant glisser les rampes inclinées des crans 45 le long des rampes inclinées des encoches 141 et en comprimant le bloc élastomère 46 pour permettre la libération des crans des encoches, puis d'entraíner la plaquette 4 vers le haut jusqu'à la position de sécurisation dans laquelle les crans 45 se trouvent à nouveau en prise avec des encoches 141 ; pendant cette opération, le tampon 3 est soit dans la position d'ouverture stable à environ 90 degrés soit dans la position d'ouverture totale à 110 degrés.The journals 42 of the stop plate 4 being inserted into the approximately vertical groove 137 by its lower end at the level of the base port 100, to go from the low position to standby (FIG. 7) in which the locking detents 45 are engaged in the corresponding notches, in the high securing position (Figure 8), it is simply slide the plate upwards by sliding the ramps inclined notches 45 along the inclined ramps of the notches 141 and in compressing the elastomeric block 46 to allow the release of the notches of the notches, then drive the plate 4 up to the position of securing in which the notches 45 are again engaged with notches 141; during this operation, buffer 3 is either in the stable opening position at about 90 degrees in either position total opening at 110 degrees.

Avec cette forme de réalisation, il est possible de revenir de la position de sécurisation dans laquelle il est impossible de retirer le tampon à la position d'attente dans laquelle le retrait est autorisé, mais cette opération est malaisée. Pour la rendre impossible, il suffit de noyer la partie inférieure de l'alvéole dans un matériau de scellement tel qu'un béton de scellement pour empêcher tout mouvement vers le bas de la plaquette 4 de butée.With this embodiment, it is possible to return from the position of security in which it is impossible to remove the stamp at the waiting position in which the withdrawal is allowed, but this operation is difficult. To make it impossible, just drown the bottom part of the cell in a sealing material such as a concrete sealant to prevent any downward movement of the abutment plate 4.

Dans la forme de réalisation des figures 10 à 16, les moyens d'articulation mutuelle du tampon 3 et du châssis 1 sont respectivement deux tenons 30 du tampon et deux alvéoles 10 du châssis ; les organes de cette forme de réalisation correspondant à des organes déjà décrits des précédentes formes portent les mêmes références numériques.In the embodiment of FIGS. 10 to 16, the means of mutual articulation of the buffer 3 and the chassis 1 are respectively two pins 30 of the buffer and two cells 10 of the frame; the organs of this embodiment corresponding to organs already described from the preceding shapes bear the same numerical references.

Les alvéoles 10 sont limitées par une paroi extérieure 11 et à leur partie supérieure par une paroi intérieure 12 du châssis comme précédemment ; en revanche, comme les deux alvéoles sont séparées l'une de l'autre par une cloison s'étendant en T depuis la paroi extérieure 11 en direction de la paroi intérieure 12, elles sont limitées latéralement d'un côté par une paroi 13 comme précédemment, tandis que du côté opposé, la paroi latérale de la partie supérieure des alvéoles est cette cloison 15 en T.The cells 10 are bounded by an outer wall 11 and to their upper part by an inner wall 12 of the frame as previously ; on the other hand, as the two cells are separated from each other by a partition extending T from the outer wall 11 in the direction of the inner wall 12, they are limited laterally on one side by a wall 13 as before, while on the opposite side, the side wall of the upper part of the cells is this partition 15 T.

Les surfaces d'appui appartenant au châssis 1 sont constituées dans chaque alvéole par des surfaces supérieures planes 113 latérales de la paroi extérieure 11 inclinées vers le bas en direction de l'intérieur du châssis 1, prolongées dans la même direction par des surfaces incurvées 114 elle-même prolongées par des surfaces horizontales 115.The bearing surfaces belonging to the frame 1 consist of in each cell by flat upper surfaces 113 of the lateral the outer wall 11 inclined downwards towards the interior of the chassis 1, extended in the same direction by curved surfaces 114 itself extended by horizontal surfaces 115.

On peut noter que la cloison 15 en T ne s'étend pas jusqu'au fond des alvéoles 10, de telle sorte que celles-ci sont en communication l'une avec l'autre sous le pont de matière constitué par la cloison 15 ; on peut également noter que dans chaque alvéole 10, en vis-à-vis de la région saillante en direction de la paroi latérale 13, de la partie la plus large de la cloison 15 en T, la paroi extérieure 11 descend approximativement verticalement jusqu'à la base du châssis 1, les surfaces d'appui 113, 114, 115 pour le tenon 30 s'interrompant latéralement au droit de l'extrémité libre de cette région saillante ; il en résulte que les deux alvéoles 10 traversent la châssis de part en part et débouchent à la base de celui-ci dans leur région s'étendant entre la paroi extérieure 11 et la verticale de la région saillante latéralement de la partie la plus large de la cloison 15, par des orifices respectifs 100, et que les deux orifices 100 sont en communication l'un avec l'autre sous la cloison 15 en T. It may be noted that the T-shaped septum does not extend to the bottom cells 10, so that they are in communication one with the other under the material bridge constituted by the partition 15; we can also note that in each cell 10, vis-à-vis the projecting region in the direction of the side wall 13, of the widest part of the partition 15 T, the outer wall 11 descends approximately vertically up to the base of the frame 1, the bearing surfaces 113, 114, 115 for the pin 30 interrupting laterally to the right of the free end of this projecting region; it follows that the two cells 10 pass through the frame from one end to the other at the base of it in their region extending between the outer wall 11 and the vertical of the projecting region laterally of the widest part of the partition 15, by respective orifices 100, and that the two orifices 100 are in communication one with the other under the partition 15 T.

Les tenons 30, à leur extrémité libre, comportent en bout une tête 302 présentant une forme extérieure en portion de cylindre s'étendant sur un arc de circonférence de l'ordre de 180 degrés. Les surfaces cylindriques des têtes constituent des surfaces d'appui des tenons.The tenons 30, at their free end, end comprise a head 302 having an outer shape in a portion of a cylinder extending over a Circumference arc of the order of 180 degrees. The cylindrical surfaces of heads constitute bearing surfaces of the tenons.

Chaque tête d'articulation 302 présente, dans la région de son extrémité libre séparée par un espace de la paroi 11 de l'alvéole qui est en vis-à-vis quand le tampon est en position de fermeture, un ergot latéral 303 en saille par rapport à la face latérale de la tête d'articulation 302 qui est en vis-à-vis de la cloison 15 en T.Each articulation head 302 has, in the region of its end free separated by a space of the wall 11 of the cell which is vis-à-vis when the tampon is in the closed position, a lateral lug 303 in protrudes with respect to the lateral face of the hinge head 302 which is vis-à-vis of the partition 15 T.

Les ergots 303 présentent une surface supérieure en portion de cylindre s'étendant ici sur un arc de circonférence d'environ 180 degrés. Ils sont positionnés de manière à être partiellement surplombés, quand le tampon est en position de fermeture, par une région de bord 151 de la partie la plus large de la cloison 15 en T constituant comme on l'a vu une paroi de bord de chaque alvéole 10, laquelle région de bord 151 s'étend en surplomb en direction de la paroi extérieure 11.The lugs 303 have an upper surface in a portion of a cylinder extending here on a circumference arc of about 180 degrees. They are positioned so as to be partially overhanging, when the buffer is in the closed position, by an edge region 151 of the portion la wider of the T-shaped septum constituting as has been seen a wall of edge of each cell 10, which edge region 151 extends overhanging in the direction of the outer wall 11.

La position d'ouverture en butée du tampon 3 (non représentée), dans laquelle le tampon fait un angle d'environ 120 degrés par rapport au châssis, est définie par l'emplacement et l'inclinaison des surfaces supérieures inclinées 113 contre lesquelles les faces supérieures de la partie 301 des tenons 30 peuvent être repoussées, ainsi que par l'appui des tenons sur les surfaces d'appui 115 et des ergots contre la base de la paroi de la cloison 15 qui est en vis-à-vis de la paroi extérieure 11.The open position abutting the buffer 3 (not shown), wherein the pad is at an angle of about 120 degrees to the chassis, is defined by the location and inclination of the upper surfaces inclined 113 against which the upper faces of the portion 301 tenons 30 can be pushed back, as well as by the support of the tenons on the bearing surfaces 115 and lugs against the base of the wall of the partition 15 which is vis-à-vis the outer wall 11.

Avec cette structure, le tenon 30 du tampon 3 peut être introduit dans l'alvéole 10 du châssis 1 quand le tampon est approximativement vertical (figure 10), et le tampon peut être amené ensuite en position d'ouverture en butée, en position de fermeture (figure 11), ou être séparé du châssis en position approximativement verticale.With this structure, the stud 30 of the buffer 3 can be introduced in the cell 10 of the frame 1 when the buffer is approximately vertical (FIG. 10), and the pad can then be brought into the open position stop, in the closed position (FIG. 11), or be separated from the frame approximately vertical position.

Pour supprimer cette dernière possibilité, dans l'espace de l'alvéole 10 séparant, quand le tampon 3 est en position de fermeture, l'extrémité libre du tenon 30, de la paroi extérieure 11, est logée une plaquette de butée 4 pour la tête (figures 13 et 14) destinée à être positionnée approximativement verticalement dans l'alvéole à proximité de la paroi extérieure 11 (figures 15 et 16).To remove this last possibility, in the space of the cell Separating, when the pad 3 is in the closed position, the free end 30 of the outer wall 11, is housed a stop plate 4 for the head (Figures 13 and 14) intended to be positioned approximately vertically in the cell near the outer wall 11 (FIGS. 15 and 16).

Cette plaquette 4 comporte dans sa partie centrale un corps 40 présentant une forme générale plane ; la partie supérieure et la partie inférieure de la plaquette 4 s'étendent approximativement à angle droit en direction de la paroi intérieure 12; cette plaquette présente une échancrure 47 s'étendant sur toute la longueur de la partie supérieure s'étendant à angle droit par rapport au corps 40 et sur la région du corps qui est voisine de cette partie supérieure, de manière que deux branches latérales 48 soient définies de part et d'autre de l'échancrure 47 ; la partie d'extrémité inférieure s'étendant approximativement à angle droit forme comme précédemment un pied 43 ; de préférence, le pied 43 est plus étroit que le corps 40 et que l'écartement des branches latérales 48 ; à cette fin, le corps 40 peut par exemple présenter une forme en trapèze isocèle.This plate 4 comprises in its central part a body 40 having a flat general shape; the upper part and the lower part of the wafer 4 extend approximately at right angles towards the inner wall 12; this plate has a notch 47 extending the entire length of the upper part extending at an angle right with respect to the body 40 and the region of the body that is close to this upper part, so that two lateral branches 48 are defined on either side of the notch 47; the lower end part extending approximately at right angles forms as previously a foot 43; preferably, the foot 43 is narrower than the body 40 and that the spacing of the lateral branches 48; for this purpose, the body 40 may for example present an isosceles trapezoidal shape.

Pour positionner avec une relative précision la plaquette 4 à proximité de la paroi extérieure 11 et la supporter quand elle est en position de sécurisation, les surfaces d'appui supérieures planes inclinées 113 pour les têtes 302 des tenons 30 et les ergots 303, et la base 481 d'un talon de la partie supérieure des branches latérales 48 de la plaquette qui est en saillie par rapport au corps central 40, présentent la même inclinaison ; de même, le chant du bord 151 de l'alvéole surplombant les ergots 303, et la base de l'extrémité libre 482 de la partie supérieure des branches latérales 48 de la plaquette présentent la même inclinaison ; en outre, la longueur de cette partie supérieure des branches 48 est telle que celle-ci puisse s'ajuster entre cette surface d'appui 113 et ce chant du bord en surplomb 151.To position with relative precision the plate 4 nearby of the outer wall 11 and support it when it is in the securing position, the inclined planar upper bearing surfaces 113 for the heads 302 of the tenons 30 and the pins 303, and the base 481 of a heel of the upper part of the lateral branches 48 of the plate which is protruding relative to the central body 40, have the same inclination; likewise the edge edge 151 of the cell overhanging the studs 303, and the base of the free end 482 of the upper part of the lateral branches 48 of the wafer have the same inclination; in addition, the length of this upper part of the branches 48 is such that it can fit between this bearing surface 113 and the song of the overhanging edge 151.

La plaquette 4 est mise en place par le dessous du châssis 1 à travers les orifices 100 en communication de la base de celui-ci, alors que le tampon 3 est en position d'ouverture, en élevant la plaquette 4 dans l'alvéole pour introduire ses branches 48 entre le tenon 30 et la paroi extérieure 11 et en pivotant ensuite la base du corps 40 en direction de la paroi 11. La plaquette 4 peut également être retirée, mais cette opération est malaisée, et cela d'autant plus pour celui qui ne connaít pas l'agencement du dispositif ; il en résulte une certaine inviolabilité. Pour empêcher définitivement le retrait de la plaquette 4, il suffit de remplir la partie inférieure de l'alvéole 10 avec un matériau de scellement jusqu'à un niveau tel que la plaquette ne puisse plus être enlevée par le dessous du châssis, par exemple en noyant le pied 43 de la plaquette dans ce matériau tel que du béton.The plate 4 is put in place from below the chassis 1 through the orifices 100 in communication with the base thereof, while the buffer 3 is in the open position, raising the plate 4 in the cell to introduce its branches 48 between the tenon 30 and the outer wall 11 and then pivoting the base of the body 40 towards the wall 11. The plate 4 can also be removed, but this operation is difficult, and this all the more for those who do not know the arrangement of the device; he The result is a certain inviolability. To permanently prevent the withdrawal of the wafer 4, it is sufficient to fill the lower part of the cell 10 with sealing material to a level such that the wafer can not no longer be removed from under the chassis, for example by drowning the foot 43 of the wafer in this material such as concrete.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux formes de réalisation ci-dessus décrites et représentées, et on pourra en prévoir d'autres sans sortir de son cadre.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments above described and represented, and we can foresee others without get out of his frame.

Claims (10)

  1. A manhole with a hinged cover for covering or selectively giving access to an excavation dug in the ground, consisting of a frame (1) delimiting a point of access (2) to the excavation and a cover (3) adapted so that it can be moved in a movement approximately of pivoting about an approximately horizontal axis while resting in the frame between a closed position in which it approximately covers the access and a stopped-open position in which it substantially exposes it, the cover (3) and the frame (1) being provided with mutual articulation means composed of at least one elongated piece (30) of the cover and at least one cell (10) of the frame exhibiting mutual bearing surfaces adapted to cooperate at the time of the said approximately pivoting movement, the elongated piece exhibiting, in the region of its free end separated by a space from the wall (11) of the cell which is facing it when the cover is in the closed position, an articulation head (302) comprising at least one lateral lug (303) housed, when the cover (3) is resting in the frame (1), at least partially beneath at least one border of the cell which is overhanging and itself extends in the direction of the cell wall (11) at a distance therefrom, the manhole being characterised in that, housed in the said space, it includes a stop plate (4) for the articulation head (302), resting on at least one support surface belonging to the frame (1), limiting the possibilities of displacing the cover (3) in the direction of the said wall (11) of the cell (10) to an insufficient distance for the lug (303) to cease to be overhung at least partially by the said border of the cell, and the cell (10) opens on the outside of the frame (1) via its base in such a way that the said space is in communication with the outside of the frame via an opening (100) permitting passage of the plate (4) so that it can be positioned in this space.
  2. A manhole according to Claim 1, characterised in that the cover (3) comprises an elongated piece (30) exhibiting two lateral lugs (303), and the frame (1) comprises a cell the side walls (13) of which are provided with bearing surfaces (131, 132) for the elongated piece (30) delimiting a border of the cell which is overhanging and extends in the direction of the wall (11) of the cell which faces the free end of the elongated piece (30) when the cover is in the closed position.
  3. A manhole according to any one of Claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the cover (3) comprises an elongated piece exhibiting two lateral lugs (303), and the frame (1) comprises a cell (10) the side walls (13) of which are provided with at least one bearing surface (133) for the elongated piece (30) delimiting a border of the cell which is overhanging and extends in the direction of an inner wall (12) of the cell the top of which serves as a seat for the cover (3).
  4. A manhole according to one of Claims 1 and 3, characterised in that the cell comprises side walls (13) exhibiting respective retaining grooves (137) extending against the said wall (11) of the cell facing the free end of the elongated piece (30) when the cover is in the closed position, and the plate (4) comprises lateral projecting pieces (42) slidably mounted in these grooves.
  5. A manhole according to Claim 4, characterised in that the side walls (13) exhibit respective introduction grooves (138) for introducing the projecting pieces (42) into the retaining grooves (137), one end of which opens into this retaining groove (137) and the opposite end of which opens into a bearing surface (135) of the cell (10) for the elongated piece (30), a lower edge of the plate (4) being adapted for resting on an internal surface of a gutter (112) borne by at least one wall (11) of the cell.
  6. A manhole according to Claim 4, characterised in that the side walls (13) are provided with respective grooves (137) comprising notches (141) adapted to co-operate by locking with catches (45) borne by lateral edges of the plate (4), and the plate (4) similarly comprises a centre stud (46) made of a compressible material permitting the plate to slide between a ready position and a securing position.
  7. A manhole according to Claim 1, characterised in that the cover (3.) comprises two elongated pieces (30) each exhibiting at least one lateral lug (303), and the frame (1) comprises two cells (10) exhibiting an outer wall (11) and bearing surfaces (113, 114, 115) for a respective elongated piece, the two cells being separated from one another by a T-shaped partition (15) extending from the said outer wall (11) of the frame in the direction of an inner wall (12) of the frame, an enlarged part of the T-shaped partition exhibiting border regions (151) which extend in the direction of the outer wall (11) and which, when the cover is in the closed position, partially overhang the lugs (303) of the elongated piece (30).
  8. A manhole according to Claim 7, characterised in that the plate (4) has two lateral branches (48) adapted for resting on support surfaces belonging to the frame (1), these support surfaces being composed of the upper part of upper bearing surfaces (113) with which each cell (10) is equipped for supporting respective elongated pieces (30) and of a edge of the border regions (151) overhanging the cells (10).
  9. A manhole according to any one of Claims 6 and 8, characterised in that the plate (4) has a bent foot (43) at one end.
  10. A manhole according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that lower part of the cell (10) is furnished with a sealing material.
EP01470014A 2000-05-31 2001-05-16 Manhole cover with theft-prevention device Expired - Lifetime EP1160382B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0007034A FR2809752B1 (en) 2000-05-31 2000-05-31 ARTICULATED LID MANHOLE WITH ANTI-THEFT DEVICE FOR EXCAVATING FLOOR
FR0007034 2000-05-31

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EP1160382A1 EP1160382A1 (en) 2001-12-05
EP1160382B1 true EP1160382B1 (en) 2005-09-07

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EP01470014A Expired - Lifetime EP1160382B1 (en) 2000-05-31 2001-05-16 Manhole cover with theft-prevention device

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Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7094000B2 (en) 2004-05-03 2006-08-22 Neenah Foundry Company Socket hinged construction casting assembly
US7108447B2 (en) 2004-05-03 2006-09-19 Neenah Foundry Company Construction castings with ball and socket connectors
FR2889217B1 (en) † 2005-07-27 2009-03-06 Norinco Soc Par Actions Simpli DEVICE FOR JOINING A BUFFER OR COVER WITH A FRAME, IN PARTICULAR OF A PAVEMENT LOOK
FR2897371B1 (en) * 2006-02-14 2009-07-03 Norinco Sa DEVICE FOR SEALING A FRAME, COMPRISING A REMOVABLE HINGED MOUNTED PANEL ON THE FRAME
FR2922908B1 (en) * 2007-10-31 2009-11-20 Saint Gobain Pont A Mousson LOOK OF PAVEMENT.
FR2953867B1 (en) * 2009-12-11 2012-08-03 Norinco FRAME ASSEMBLY AND FRAME CLOSURE PAD, IN PARTICULAR FOR CHAIRING
FR2959519B1 (en) * 2010-04-29 2015-03-27 Saint Gobain Pont A Mousson ROAD DEVICE HAVING AN OPENING AND A GUIDE BUFFER BETWEEN AN OPEN POSITION AND A CLOSED POSITION
ES2616275B1 (en) * 2015-12-10 2017-12-12 Benito Urban, Slu HINGE WITH LOCK POSITIONS FOR COVER OF ALCANTARILLA, IMPROVED

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3455059A (en) * 1968-02-01 1969-07-15 Waterbury Foundry Co The Vault or manhole cover assembly
EP0286562B1 (en) * 1987-04-07 1992-03-11 Pont-A-Mousson S.A. Manhole with a t-shaped hinge

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FR2809752B1 (en) 2002-07-19
BR0102215B1 (en) 2009-01-13
DE60113185T2 (en) 2006-06-08
DE60113185D1 (en) 2005-10-13
DK1160382T3 (en) 2006-01-23
EP1160382A1 (en) 2001-12-05
AR031240A1 (en) 2003-09-17
ES2248263T3 (en) 2006-03-16
ZA200104303B (en) 2001-11-28
FR2809752A1 (en) 2001-12-07
BR0102215A (en) 2002-02-13
ATE304085T1 (en) 2005-09-15

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