EP1160382A1 - Manhole cover with theft-prevention device - Google Patents

Manhole cover with theft-prevention device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1160382A1
EP1160382A1 EP01470014A EP01470014A EP1160382A1 EP 1160382 A1 EP1160382 A1 EP 1160382A1 EP 01470014 A EP01470014 A EP 01470014A EP 01470014 A EP01470014 A EP 01470014A EP 1160382 A1 EP1160382 A1 EP 1160382A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cell
cover
wall
plate
chassis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01470014A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1160382B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Claude Hauer
Patrice Vauthier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain PAM SA
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain PAM SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain PAM SA filed Critical Saint Gobain PAM SA
Publication of EP1160382A1 publication Critical patent/EP1160382A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1160382B1 publication Critical patent/EP1160382B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • E02D29/1463—Hinged connection of cover to frame
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • E02D29/1418—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers with implements to assist in lifting, e.g. counterweights, springs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to manhole covers or hinged grid forming cover, and more particularly the manholes comprising such a cover articulated placed on public roads to cover or selectively access to excavations dug in the ground such as trenches or chimneys to visit underground galleries.
  • a manhole cover to cover or selectively access to an excavation dug in the ground, comprising a frame delimiting an access to the excavation and a cover adapted to be able to be moved in an approximately pivoting movement about an axis approximately horizontal resting in the chassis between a position of closure in which it approximately covers the access and a position opening in abutment in which it releases it substantially, the cover and the chassis being provided with mutual articulation means constituted by at least one lug of the cover and at least one cell of the chassis having mutual support surfaces adapted to cooperate during said approximately pivoting movement, the post having in the region of its free end separated from the wall of the cell which is opposite when the cover is in the closed position by a space, a articulation head comprising at least one lateral lug housed when the cover rests in the chassis, at least partially under at least one edge of the cell which is overhanging and extends itself towards said wall of the cell at a distance therefrom, gaze characterized in that it comprises
  • the plate can be mounted from below of the chassis, the arrangement of the anti-theft device is not very visible, and thus it is extremely difficult to separate the chassis cover without damaging largely the look, which is impossible with common hand tools.
  • manhole cover manhole which is partially represented on the figures is a manhole cover generally made of cast iron, which can be used to selectively cover an excavated gallery visit chimney in the ground or access this fireplace; this look is here in general form circular but this shape is naturally not limiting.
  • the manhole comprises an annular frame 1 delimiting an access 2 to the chimney, the buffer 3 and the frame being articulated to each other by means of mutual articulation, so that the tampon can be moved in an approximately pivoting movement (usually a pivoting movement accompanied by a slight sliding of its surfaces support on chassis support surfaces) around an axis approximately horizontal resting in the chassis between a closed position in which it covers approximately the access and a position opening in abutment in which it substantially releases this access.
  • an approximately pivoting movement usually a pivoting movement accompanied by a slight sliding of its surfaces support on chassis support surfaces
  • the word “horizontal” means (and will mean throughout the text) "Parallel to the plane in which the chassis extends” although this plane may possibly be inclined if the gaze is intended to be implanted on the surface sloping ground, and the word “vertical” will mean “perpendicular to the plane in which the chassis extends ".
  • the means of mutual articulation of the buffer 3 and of the chassis 1 are respectively a lug 30 of the buffer and a socket 10 of the chassis, but naturally the the number of studs and cells can be greater.
  • the cell 10 of the chassis 1 is limited by a wall 11 which is the wall exterior of the chassis, and facing it by a wall 12, the summit, serving as a buffer 3, is below the level of the summit of the outer wall 11, the difference in level being such that the face top of the pad is flush with the top of the outer wall 11 when the buffer is in the closed position; a seal (not shown) is interposed between the top of the wall 12 and the pad.
  • the outer wall 11 has an edge 111 partially overhanging the cell, the edge serves as buffer stop to define an open position in stop (figure 4).
  • the cell 10 is bounded by two facing walls 13 in which are defined bearing (and sliding) surfaces for the buffer 3 during its approximately pivoting movement which has was mentioned above; these surfaces will be described later in more detail.
  • the cell 10 is deprived of the bottom and thus opens out by its base outside the chassis 1.
  • the buffer 3 here of generally circular shape, comprises, projecting from its circular outline, a stud 30 adapted for be inserted into the socket 10.
  • the tenon 30 has, in its region close to its connection to the generally circular part of the buffer 3 which is suitable for cover the access 2 in the closed position, a portion 301 of reduced thickness whose respectively lower and upper recessed faces are approximately planar and parallel; on the other hand, in his region where finds its free end, the tenon comprises a head 302 comprising lower and upper regions which extend in excess relative to to the faces of the part 301; the lower region of the head 302 has two lugs 303 projecting laterally from the side faces of the region upper head; the lower and upper faces of the pins are approximately flat and parallel, except that the underside also has a rounded downward protrusion 304, in the immediate vicinity of the free end of the post.
  • the lower surfaces and higher as well as the edge surface of the post likely to come into contact with the socket 10 during the movement of approximately pivoting of the pad, and in particular those of the pins, constitute the surfaces post support.
  • Each of these side walls thus comprises two successions of bearing surfaces arranged opposite, one on the side of the outer wall 11 and the other on the side of the inner wall 12.
  • the bearing surfaces facing each other are spaced a distance slightly greater than the thickness of the pins 303 of tenon 30 to allow insertion of the latter into the socket only when the pad is in an approximately vertical position; in this upper part, a first bearing surface 131 on the inner wall side 12 extends vertically a few millimeters high, and the surface of support 132 which succeeds it approaches this wall 12 first almost horizontally so as to form a clearly defined edge of the cell overhanging towards the outer wall 11, then continues substantially vertically and finally come to attach to this wall 12; also in the upper part of the cell, the upper bearing surface 133 on the outer wall side 11 which first moves away from this wall It then plunges vertically for a few millimeters, and the surface support 134 which extends it approaches the outer wall 11, overhanging with a slight downward inclination; the following support surface 135 moves away from the outer wall 11 again, forming a ramp curved ending approximately halfway up the socket, one distance from the inner wall 12 approximately equal to the thickness of the
  • the head 302 can be inserted in socket 10 only when pad 3 is approximately vertical ( Figure 2); when the pins 303 are entirely below the level of the overhanging edges defined by the bearing surfaces 131, 132, 133, 134 belonging to the cell, the pad can be pivoted towards its fully open position at around 110 degrees relative to the chassis, in which its reduced thickness part 301 is in contact against the edge 11 of the overhanging cell, and part of its protrusion 304 is in support against the lower part of the support surface 132 belonging to the inner wall side cell 12, which preferably matches the shape of this part of the protrusion 304; we can note that there is also a position stable safety intermediate (not shown) in which the buffer 3 is locked in an angular position at approximately 90 degrees relative to to the chassis; in this position, the upper face of part 301 of the pin at the point of its connection with the circular part of the buffer is bearing against the upper bearing surface 133 on the outer wall side 11, and the underside of the part 301 bears against the first surface
  • the post 30 of the pad 3 can be removed from the socket 10, and thus the pad can be separated from the chassis, when the pad is approximately vertical.
  • a stop plate 4 for the head (figure 1), intended to be positioned approximately vertically in the cell against the outer wall 11.
  • This plate 4 comprises a body 40 having a slightly shaped cubit forming a very obtuse dihedral angle opening towards the outer wall 11, the dihedral edge extending approximately horizontally and halfway along the wafer; in addition, the end portion upper of the plate 4 is folded approximately at right angles to direction of the outer wall 11 over a very short length, and the two lateral edges 41 of this folded end portion carry two pins 42 respective cylindrical retaining plate against the outer wall 11.
  • each of the side walls 13 of the cell has a groove 137 extending approximately vertically in the cell against the wall outer 11, adapted to receive with sliding a respective pin 42 wafer 4; to allow the introduction of the pin 42 in this groove 137, each side wall of the cell also has a groove 138 slightly inclined upwards towards the outer wall 11, one end of which opens into the vertical groove 137 and the end of which opposite opens into the curved ramp surface 135 of the cell 10.
  • the outer wall 11 of the chassis 1 comprises a gutter 112 extending in the cell 10 in the direction of the inner wall 12, below the level of the lower end of the approximately vertical bearing surface 136.
  • the support plate 4 is thus capable of taking two positions, namely a theft protection position, or anti-theft position, and a waiting position in which it is placed before being placed security position.
  • the support plate 4 in the cell 10 from above the chassis, or else from below it, the orifice 100 of the base of the cell 10 having sufficiently large dimensions to allow passage of the plate 4 to the space in the cell where the plate is to be placed place, the two pins 42 are made to slide in the inclined grooves 138, and they are lowered to the bottom of the vertical grooves 137; the body 40 of the plate 4 is then in abutment against the external surface of the gutter 112 ( Figures 2 and 3).
  • the tampon can then be put in place and possibly took of ; when the pad is in place in any position, the tenon 30 practically perfectly hides the insert and also prevents it to escape from the cell 10.
  • the buffer 3 is placed in the open position or in the position stable intermediate at 90 degrees or at the fully open position at 110 degrees, and we push the plate from bottom to top until its song lower can be introduced into the support gutter 112 and falls against the internal surface of this support gutter. In this position, the plate 4 fits into the housing and offers virtually no grip, which the makes it virtually inaccessible.
  • the plate 4 limits the possibilities of displacement of the buffer 3 in particular in the direction of the outer wall 11 of the alveolus 10 at an insufficient stroke for the lug to cease to be overhung at least partially by at least one edge overhanging the cell 10; it is therefore impossible to remove the tampon.
  • this structure makes it possible to dismantle the tampon during the installation period (for example to seal the chassis), do not remove the pad after installation and commissioning of the board, allows to integrate the plate into the chassis from the start in a captive manner, and makes the board inaccessible and non-removable after it has been put into service.
  • the pad 3 is approximately identical to that of the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 6; therefore, its description will not be repeated; it is the same for the most large part of chassis 1; indeed, as it is mainly the form of the plate 4 of Figures 7 to 9 which is different from that of Figures 1 to 6, the differences in the chassis 1 relate essentially to the means provided for retaining the plate 4 and supporting it; also, only the plate 4 and these means will now be described; the elements of the second embodiment corresponding to elements of the first bear the same reference numbers, especially on the drawings.
  • the plate 4 has in its central part a body 40 having a generally planar shape; like the brochure of the embodiment Figures 1 to 6, its upper end part is folded approximately at right angles to the outer wall 11 on a very short length, and the two lateral edges 41 of this end portion folded carry two respective cylindrical pins 42 for retaining the plate against the outer wall 11; in addition, its lower end portion is folded at right angles in the opposite direction to the upper end part, to form a foot 43 perpendicular to the body 40.
  • the face of the stop plate 4 which is adapted to come opposite the wall outer 11 carries two guide pads 44 extending laterally respectively on either side of the side edges of the wafer; each of these side edges also wears, slightly above the level of the stud 44, a detent notch 45 with an inclined ramp, projecting from the edge.
  • the plate 4 also carries a stud 46 of highly compressible elastomeric material the end of which is generally conical, fixed approximately at the center of the body 40 and protruding from the surface of the body which is intended to be vis-à-vis the outer wall 11.
  • each of the side walls 13 of the cell has a groove 137 extending approximately vertically in the cell against the wall outside 11 and opening outside the frame 1 at the orifice 100 of the base of the cell 10, adapted to slide a trunnion 42 and a pad 44 for guiding the wafer;
  • the outer wall 11 also has a groove 139 guiding the sliding in the direction vertical of the free end of the stud 46 at the same time as the plate;
  • the edge 140 on the inner wall side 12 of each of the grooves 137 includes notches 141 with inclined ramp to accommodate the notch corresponding snap 45 of the plate 4 when the latter is in position waiting and when it is in the secure position, and thus bear it when it is in either of these two positions.
  • the means of mutual articulation of the buffer 3 and of the chassis 1 are respectively two pins 30 of the pad and two cells 10 of the chassis; the organs of this embodiment corresponding to organs already described from the previous ones shapes have the same reference numbers.
  • the cells 10 are limited by an outer wall 11 and to their upper part by an inner wall 12 of the chassis as before ; however, as the two cells are separate from each other by a partition extending in T from the outer wall 11 in the direction of the inner wall 12, they are bounded laterally on one side by a wall 13 as before, while on the opposite side, the side wall of the upper part of the cells is this partition 15 in T.
  • the bearing surfaces belonging to the chassis 1 are constituted in each cell by planar upper surfaces 113 lateral the outer wall 11 inclined downward towards the interior of the chassis 1, extended in the same direction by curved surfaces 114 itself extended by horizontal surfaces 115.
  • the T-shaped partition 15 does not extend to the bottom cells 10, so that they are in communication with one another with the other under the material bridge constituted by the partition 15; we can also note that in each cell 10, facing the protruding region in the direction of the side wall 13, of the widest part of the partition 15 in T, the outer wall 11 descends approximately vertically up to the base of the chassis 1, the bearing surfaces 113, 114, 115 for the tenon 30 is laterally interrupted at the right of the free end of this protruding region; it follows that the two cells 10 pass through the chassis right through and lead to the base of it in their region extending between the outer wall 11 and the vertical of the projecting region laterally from the widest part of the partition 15, through respective orifices 100, and that the two orifices 100 are in communication with one the other under the partition 15 in T.
  • the pins 30, at their free end, have a head at the end 302 having an outer shape in the form of a cylinder portion extending over a arc of circumference of the order of 180 degrees.
  • the cylindrical surfaces of heads constitute bearing surfaces of the studs.
  • Each articulation head 302 has, in the region of its end free separated by a space from the wall 11 of the cell which is opposite when the pad is in the closed position, a lateral pin 303 in projection relative to the lateral face of the articulation head 302 which is opposite of partition 15 in T.
  • the pins 303 have an upper surface in the portion of a cylinder here extending over an arc of circumference of about 180 degrees. They are positioned so that they are partially overhung, when the buffer is in the closed position, by an edge region 151 of the part la wider of the T-shaped partition 15 constituting, as we have seen, a wall of edge of each cell 10, which edge region 151 extends in overhang towards the outer wall 11.
  • the open position in abutment of the buffer 3 (not shown), in which the pad makes an angle of about 120 degrees from the chassis, is defined by the location and inclination of the upper surfaces inclined 113 against which the upper faces of the part 301 pins 30 can be pushed back, as well as by pressing the pins on the bearing surfaces 115 and lugs against the base of the wall of the partition 15 which faces the outer wall 11.
  • the pin 30 of the buffer 3 can be introduced in cell 10 of frame 1 when the pad is approximately vertical (figure 10), and the pad can then be brought into the open position in the stop position, in the closed position (figure 11), or be separated from the chassis by approximately vertical position.
  • This plate 4 has in its central part a body 40 having a generally planar shape; the upper part and the lower part of the wafer 4 extend approximately at a right angle in the direction of the inner wall 12; this plate has a notch 47 extending over the entire length of the top extending at an angle right with respect to the body 40 and on the region of the body which is close to this upper part, so that two lateral branches 48 are defined on either side of the notch 47; the lower end part extending approximately at right angles as before a foot 43; preferably, the foot 43 is narrower than the body 40 and that the spacing of the lateral branches 48; to this end, the body 40 can by example present an isosceles trapezoid shape.
  • the inclined flat upper bearing surfaces 113 for the heads 302 of the studs 30 and the pins 303, and the base 481 of a heel of the upper part of the lateral branches 48 of the plate which is projecting relative to the central body 40 have the same inclination; likewise, the edge edge 151 of the cell overhanging the pins 303, and the base of the free end 482 of the upper part of the lateral branches 48 of the plate have the same inclination; furthermore the length of this upper part of the branches 48 is such that it can be adjusted between this bearing surface 113 and this edge song overhanging 151.
  • the plate 4 is put in place from below the chassis 1 through the orifices 100 in communication from the base thereof, while the pad 3 is in the open position, raising the plate 4 in the socket to introduce its branches 48 between the stud 30 and the outer wall 11 and by then pivoting the base of the body 40 in the direction of the wall 11.
  • the plate 4 can also be withdrawn, but this operation is difficult, and all the more so for those who do not know the arrangement of the device; he this results in a certain inviolability.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

The manhole cover (3), fitted into a surrounding frame (1) set in a road surface to give access to an inspection chamber, is hinged by means of a lug (30) on the lid engaging with a cavity (10) in the frame. The frame cavity contains a stop plate (4) for the head of the hinge lug, limiting the movement of the cover in the direction of the cavity wall (11) and preventing unauthorised withdrawal of the lug and cover.

Description

L'invention concerne les regards à tampon ou à grille articulée formant couvercle, et plus particulièrement les regards comportant un tel couvercle articulé placés sur la voie publique pour recouvrir ou accéder sélectivement à des excavations creusées dans le sol telles que des tranchées ou des cheminées de visite de galeries souterraines.The invention relates to manhole covers or hinged grid forming cover, and more particularly the manholes comprising such a cover articulated placed on public roads to cover or selectively access to excavations dug in the ground such as trenches or chimneys to visit underground galleries.

Pour des raisons de sécurité, comme pour des raisons économiques, il est essentiel que les couvercles des regards situés sur la voie publique ne puissent pas être retirés, sauf, en cas de nécessité, par des personnes habilitées.For security reasons, as for economic reasons, it is essential that the covers of the manholes located on the public highway cannot be removed, except, if necessary, by persons empowered.

A cette fin, on connaít déjà des regards équipés d'un dispositif empêchant le retrait du couvercle de manière purement manuelle.To this end, we already know manholes equipped with a device preventing removing the cover purely manually.

Cependant, la plupart de ces dispositifs sont visibles de l'extérieur lorsque le couvercle est en position de fermeture, et peuvent être démontés au moyen d'outils classiques.However, most of these devices are visible from the outside when the cover is in the closed position, and can be removed using conventional tools.

On connaít également des dispositifs antivols invisibles ou peu visibles de l'extérieur, mais susceptibles d'être démontés ou détruits relativement aisément lorsque le couvercle est mis en position d'ouverture, ce qui est possible sans grande difficulté lorsque le regard est dépourvu de verrou.We also know invisible or barely visible anti-theft devices from the outside, but can be relatively dismantled or destroyed easily when the cover is put in the open position, which is possible without great difficulty when the gaze is devoid of a lock.

L'invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients et concerne à cette fin un regard à couvercle articulé pour recouvrir ou accéder sélectivement à une excavation creusée dans le sol, comportant un châssis délimitant un accès à l'excavation et un couvercle adapté pour pouvoir être mu dans un mouvement approximativement de pivotement autour d'un axe approximativement horizontal en reposant dans le châssis entre une position de fermeture dans laquelle il recouvre approximativement l'accès et une position d'ouverture en butée dans laquelle il le dégage substantiellement, le couvercle et le châssis étant munis de moyens d'articulation mutuelle constitués par au moins un tenon du couvercle et au moins une alvéole du châssis présentant des surfaces d'appui mutuel adaptées pour coopérer lors dudit mouvement approximativement de pivotement, le tenon présentant dans la région de son extrémité libre séparée de la paroi de l'alvéole qui est en vis-à-vis quand le couvercle est en position de fermeture par un espace, une tête d'articulation comportant au moins un ergot latéral logé, quand le couvercle repose dans le châssis, au moins partiellement sous au moins un bord de l'alvéole qui est en surplomb et s'étend lui-même en direction de ladite paroi de l'alvéole à distance de celle-ci, regard caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte, logée dans ledit espace, une plaquette de butée pour la tête d'articulation, reposant sur au moins une surface support appartenant au châssis, limitant les possibilités de déplacement du couvercle en direction de ladite paroi de l'alvéole à une course insuffisante pour que l'ergot cesse d'être surplombé au moins partiellement par ledit bord de l'alvéole, et l'alvéole débouche à l'extérieur du châssis par sa base de telle manière que ledit espace soit en communication avec l'extérieur du châssis par un orifice permettant le passage de la plaquette pour sa mise en place dans cet espace.The invention aims to remedy these drawbacks and relates to this end a manhole cover to cover or selectively access to an excavation dug in the ground, comprising a frame delimiting an access to the excavation and a cover adapted to be able to be moved in an approximately pivoting movement about an axis approximately horizontal resting in the chassis between a position of closure in which it approximately covers the access and a position opening in abutment in which it releases it substantially, the cover and the chassis being provided with mutual articulation means constituted by at least one lug of the cover and at least one cell of the chassis having mutual support surfaces adapted to cooperate during said approximately pivoting movement, the post having in the region of its free end separated from the wall of the cell which is opposite when the cover is in the closed position by a space, a articulation head comprising at least one lateral lug housed when the cover rests in the chassis, at least partially under at least one edge of the cell which is overhanging and extends itself towards said wall of the cell at a distance therefrom, gaze characterized in that it comprises, housed in said space, a stop plate for the head articulation, resting on at least one support surface belonging to the chassis, limiting the possibilities of moving the cover towards said wall of the cell at a stroke insufficient for the lug to stop to be overhung at least partially by said edge of the cell, and the cell opens to the outside of the chassis by its base so that said space is in communication with the outside of the chassis through an orifice allowing the passage of the plate for its establishment in this space.

Grâce à cette structure, la plaquette peut être montée par le dessous du châssis, l'agencement du dispositif antivol est peu visible, et ainsi il est extrêmement difficile de séparer le couvercle du châssis sans détériorer largement le regard, ce qui est impossible avec les outils à main courants.Thanks to this structure, the plate can be mounted from below of the chassis, the arrangement of the anti-theft device is not very visible, and thus it is extremely difficult to separate the chassis cover without damaging largely the look, which is impossible with common hand tools.

Le regard selon l'invention peut en outre présenter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :

  • le couvercle comporte un tenon présentant deux ergots latéraux, et le châssis comporte une alvéole dont des parois latérales sont munies de surfaces d'appui pour le tenon délimitant un bord de l'alvéole qui est en surplomb et s'étend en direction de la paroi de l'alvéole qui est en vis-à-vis de l'extrémité libre du tenon quand le couvercle est en position de fermeture ;
  • le couvercle comporte un tenon présentant deux ergots latéraux, et le châssis comporte une alvéole dont les parois latérales sont munies d'au moins une surface d'appui pour le tenon délimitant un bord de l'alvéole qui est en surplomb et s'étend en direction d'une paroi intérieure de l'alvéole dont le sommet sert de siège au couvercle ;
  • l'alvéole comporte des parois latérales présentant des rainures de retenue respectives s'étendant contre ladite paroi de l'alvéole qui est en vis-à-vis de l'extrémité libre du tenon quand le couvercle est en position de fermeture, et la plaquette comporte des tourillons latéraux montés coulissants dans ces rainures ;
  • les parois latérales présentent des rainures d'introduction respectives pour introduire les tourillons dans les rainures de retenue, dont une extrémité débouche dans cette rainure de retenue et dont l'extrémité opposée débouche dans une surface d'appui de l'alvéole pour le tenon, un chant inférieur de la plaquette étant adapté pour reposer sur une surface interne d'une gouttière portée par au moins une paroi de l'alvéole ;
  • les parois latérales sont munies de rainures respectives comportant des encoches, adaptées pour coopérer par encliquetage avec des crans portés par des chants latéraux de la plaquette, et la plaquette comporte également un téton en matériau compressible permettant le coulissement de la plaquette entre une position d'attente et une position de sécurisation ;
  • le couvercle comporte deux tenons présentant chacun au moins un ergot latéral, et le châssis comporte deux alvéoles présentant une paroi extérieure et des surfaces d'appui pour un tenon respectif, les deux alvéoles étant séparées l'une de l'autre par une cloison en T s'étendant depuis ladite paroi extérieure du châssis en direction d'une paroi intérieure du châssis, une partie élargie de la cloison en T présentant des régions de bord qui s'étendent en direction de la paroi extérieure et qui, quand le couvercle est en position de fermeture, surplombent partiellement les ergots du tenon ;
  • la plaquette présente deux branches latérales adaptées pour reposer sur des surfaces de support appartenant au châssis, ces surfaces de support étant constituées par la partie supérieure de surfaces d'appui supérieures équipant chaque alvéole pour l'appui des tenons respectifs et par un chant des régions de bord en surplomb sur les alvéoles ;
  • la plaquette présente à une extrémité un pied replié ;
  • la partie inférieure de l'alvéole est garnie d'un matériau de scellement.
The manhole according to the invention can also have one or more of the following characteristics:
  • the cover comprises a tenon having two lateral lugs, and the chassis comprises a cell, the side walls of which are provided with bearing surfaces for the tenon delimiting an edge of the cell which is overhanging and extends in the direction of the wall the socket which is opposite the free end of the post when the cover is in the closed position;
  • the cover comprises a lug having two lateral lugs, and the chassis comprises a cell, the side walls of which are provided with at least one bearing surface for the lug delimiting an edge of the cell which is overhanging and extends in direction of an inner wall of the cell, the top of which serves as a seat for the cover;
  • the cavity has side walls having respective retaining grooves extending against said wall of the cavity which is opposite the free end of the post when the cover is in the closed position, and the plate comprises lateral pins mounted to slide in these grooves;
  • the side walls have respective insertion grooves for introducing the pins into the retaining grooves, one end of which opens into this retaining groove and the opposite end of which opens into a bearing surface of the cell for the post, a lower edge of the plate being adapted to rest on an internal surface of a gutter carried by at least one wall of the cell;
  • the side walls are provided with respective grooves comprising notches, adapted to cooperate by snap-fastening with notches carried by lateral edges of the plate, and the plate also comprises a stud made of compressible material allowing the sliding of the plate between a position of waiting and a secure position;
  • the cover comprises two studs each having at least one lateral lug, and the chassis comprises two cells having an outer wall and bearing surfaces for a respective stud, the two cells being separated from each other by a partition in T extending from said outer wall of the frame towards an inner wall of the frame, an enlarged part of the T-shaped partition having edge regions which extend towards the outer wall and which, when the cover is in the closed position, partially overhang the lugs of the post;
  • the plate has two lateral branches adapted to rest on support surfaces belonging to the chassis, these support surfaces being constituted by the upper part of upper support surfaces equipping each cell for the support of the respective studs and by a song of the regions edge overhanging on the alveoli;
  • the plate has at one end a folded foot;
  • the lower part of the cell is lined with a sealing material.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description qui va suivre, de formes de réalisation de l'invention données à titre d'exemples non limitatifs et représentées sur les dessins joints dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique en perspective d'une plaquette de butée équipant une première forme de réalisation d'un regard selon l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une coupe schématique de la région d'articulation d'un regard selon la première forme de réalisation, dans laquelle le couvercle est montré au cours d'une phase d'insertion dans le châssis en position d'ouverture à 90° par rapport à celui-ci, la plaquette de butée étant non pas en position de sécurisation mais en position d'attente dans le châssis de manière à permettre la mise en place du couvercle ;
  • la figure 3 est une coupe schématique similaire à celle de la figure 2 mais dans laquelle le couvercle est en position de fermeture dans le châssis ;
  • la figure 4 est une coupe schématique similaire à celle des figures 2 et 3 mais dans laquelle la plaquette de butée est en position de sécurisation dans le châssis et le couvercle est en position d'ouverture en butée ;
  • la figure 5 est une coupe schématique similaire à celle de la figure 4 mais dans laquelle le couvercle est montré au cours d'une tentative de retrait en position d'ouverture à 90° par rapport au châssis, la plaquette de butée en position de sécurisation empêchant le retrait du couvercle ;
  • la figure 6 est une coupe schématique selon la ligne VI-VI de la figure 5, sur laquelle le couvercle n'est pas représenté ;
  • la figure 7 est une coupe schématique correspondant à celle de la figure 2, d'un regard selon une deuxième forme de réalisation, une plaquette de butée elle-même selon une deuxième forme de réalisation étant en position d'attente dans le châssis de manière à permettre la mise en place du couvercle ;
  • la figure 8 est une coupe schématique similaire à celle de la figure 7 mais dans laquelle la plaquette de butée est en position de sécurisation dans le châssis et le couvercle est montré au cours d'une tentative de retrait en position d'ouverture à 90° par rapport au châssis, la plaquette de butée empêchant ce retrait ;
  • la figure 9 est une coupe schématique selon la ligne IX-IX de la figure 8, sur laquelle le couvercle n'est pas représenté ;
  • la figure 10 est une coupe schématique correspondant à celles des figures 2 et 7, d'un regard selon une troisième forme de réalisation, en l'absence de plaquette de butée ;
  • la figure 11 est une coupe schématique similaire à celle de la figure 10 mais dans laquelle le couvercle est en position de fermeture dans le châssis, le long de la ligne XI-XI de la figure 12 ;
  • la figure 12 est une vue schématique de dessus correspondant à la coupe de la figure 11 ;
  • la figure 13 est une vue schématique de dessus de la plaquette de butée selon une troisième forme de réalisation, destinée à être insérée dans le châssis de regard selon la troisième forme de réalisation ;
  • la figure 14 est une coupe schématique de la plaquette de la figure 13 selon la ligne XIV-XIV de la figure 13 ;
  • la figure 15 est une vue schématique de dessus similaire à celle de la figure 12 mais dans laquelle la plaquette de butée est en position de sécurisation dans le châssis ; et
  • la figure 16 est une coupe schématique similaire à celle de la figure 11 le long de la ligne XVI-XVI de la figure 15, correspondant à cette figure 15 dans laquelle la plaquette de butée est en position de sécurisation dans le châssis.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description which follows, of embodiments of the invention given by way of nonlimiting examples and represented in the accompanying drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a stop plate fitted to a first embodiment of a manhole according to the invention,
  • Figure 2 is a schematic section of the region of articulation of a manhole according to the first embodiment, in which the cover is shown during an insertion phase in the chassis in the 90 ° open position relative to the latter, the stop plate not being in the securing position but in the waiting position in the chassis so as to allow the fitting of the cover;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic section similar to that of Figure 2 but in which the cover is in the closed position in the frame;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic section similar to that of Figures 2 and 3 but in which the abutment plate is in the securing position in the chassis and the cover is in the open position in abutment;
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic section similar to that of FIG. 4 but in which the cover is shown during an attempt to withdraw in the position of opening at 90 ° relative to the chassis, the stop plate in the securing position preventing removal of the cover;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic section along the line VI-VI of Figure 5, in which the cover is not shown;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic section corresponding to that of Figure 2, of a look according to a second embodiment, a stop plate itself according to a second embodiment being in the waiting position in the frame so to allow the establishment of the cover;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic section similar to that of Figure 7 but in which the abutment plate is in the securing position in the chassis and the cover is shown during an attempt to withdraw in the 90 ° open position relative to the chassis, the stop plate preventing this withdrawal;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic section along the line IX-IX of Figure 8, in which the cover is not shown;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic section corresponding to those of Figures 2 and 7, a look according to a third embodiment, in the absence of abutment plate;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic section similar to that of Figure 10 but in which the cover is in the closed position in the frame, along the line XI-XI of Figure 12;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic top view corresponding to the section of Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic top view of the stop plate according to a third embodiment, intended to be inserted in the manhole frame according to the third embodiment;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic section of the wafer of Figure 13 along the line XIV-XIV of Figure 13;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic top view similar to that of Figure 12 but in which the abutment plate is in the securing position in the chassis; and
  • Figure 16 is a schematic section similar to that of Figure 11 along the line XVI-XVI of Figure 15, corresponding to this Figure 15 in which the abutment plate is in the securing position in the chassis.

Le regard à couvercle articulé qui est partiellement représenté sur les figures est un regard à tampon généralement en fonte, pouvant être utilisé pour, sélectivement, recouvrir une cheminée de visite de galerie creusée dans le sol ou accéder à cette cheminée ; ce regard est ici de forme générale circulaire mais cette forme n'est naturellement pas limitative.The manhole cover manhole which is partially represented on the figures is a manhole cover generally made of cast iron, which can be used to selectively cover an excavated gallery visit chimney in the ground or access this fireplace; this look is here in general form circular but this shape is naturally not limiting.

Le regard comporte un châssis 1 annulaire délimitant un accès 2 à la cheminée, le tampon 3 et le châssis étant articulés l'un à l'autre par des moyens d'articulation mutuelle, de manière que le tampon puisse être mu dans un mouvement approximativement de pivotement (généralement un mouvement de pivotement accompagné d'un léger glissement de ses surfaces d'appui sur des surfaces d'appui du châssis) autour d'un axe approximativement horizontal en reposant dans le châssis entre une position de fermeture dans laquelle il recouvre approximativement l'accès et une position d'ouverture en butée dans laquelle il dégage substantiellement cet accès.The manhole comprises an annular frame 1 delimiting an access 2 to the chimney, the buffer 3 and the frame being articulated to each other by means of mutual articulation, so that the tampon can be moved in an approximately pivoting movement (usually a pivoting movement accompanied by a slight sliding of its surfaces support on chassis support surfaces) around an axis approximately horizontal resting in the chassis between a closed position in which it covers approximately the access and a position opening in abutment in which it substantially releases this access.

Ici, le mot « horizontal(e) » signifie (et signifiera dans tout le texte) « parallèle au plan dans lequel s'étend le châssis » bien que ce plan puisse être éventuellement incliné si le regard est destiné à être implanté à la surface d'un sol incliné, et le mot « vertical(e) » signifiera « perpendiculaire au plan dans lequel s'étend le châssis ».Here, the word "horizontal" means (and will mean throughout the text) "Parallel to the plane in which the chassis extends" although this plane may possibly be inclined if the gaze is intended to be implanted on the surface sloping ground, and the word "vertical" will mean "perpendicular to the plane in which the chassis extends ".

Dans la forme de réalisation des figures 1 à 6, les moyens d'articulation mutuelle du tampon 3 et du châssis 1 sont respectivement un tenon 30 du tampon et une alvéole 10 du châssis, mais naturellement le nombre des tenons et des alvéoles peut être supérieur.In the embodiment of Figures 1 to 6, the means of mutual articulation of the buffer 3 and of the chassis 1 are respectively a lug 30 of the buffer and a socket 10 of the chassis, but naturally the the number of studs and cells can be greater.

L'alvéole 10 du châssis 1 est limitée par une paroi 11 qui est la paroi extérieure du châssis, et en vis-à-vis de celle-ci par une paroi 12 dont le sommet, servant de siège au tampon 3, est en dessous du niveau du sommet de la paroi extérieure 11, la différence de niveau étant telle que la face supérieure du tampon affleure le sommet de la paroi extérieure 11 quand le tampon est en position de fermeture ; un joint d'étanchéité (non représenté) est interposé entre le sommet de la paroi 12 et le tampon. La paroi extérieure 11 comporte un bord 111 surplombant partiellement l'alvéole, dont le chant sert de butée au tampon pour définir une position d'ouverture en butée (figure 4).The cell 10 of the chassis 1 is limited by a wall 11 which is the wall exterior of the chassis, and facing it by a wall 12, the summit, serving as a buffer 3, is below the level of the summit of the outer wall 11, the difference in level being such that the face top of the pad is flush with the top of the outer wall 11 when the buffer is in the closed position; a seal (not shown) is interposed between the top of the wall 12 and the pad. The outer wall 11 has an edge 111 partially overhanging the cell, the edge serves as buffer stop to define an open position in stop (figure 4).

Latéralement, l'alvéole 10 est limitée par deux parois 13 en vis-à-vis dans lesquelles sont définies des surfaces d'appui (et de glissement) pour le tampon 3 lors de son mouvement approximativement de pivotement qui a été mentionné plus haut ; ces surfaces seront décrites plus loin plus en détail.Laterally, the cell 10 is bounded by two facing walls 13 in which are defined bearing (and sliding) surfaces for the buffer 3 during its approximately pivoting movement which has was mentioned above; these surfaces will be described later in more detail.

En revanche, l'alvéole 10 est démunie de fond et ainsi débouche par sa base à l'extérieur du châssis 1.On the other hand, the cell 10 is deprived of the bottom and thus opens out by its base outside the chassis 1.

Comme on l'a vu, le tampon 3, ici de forme générale circulaire, comporte, en saillie par rapport à son contour circulaire, un tenon 30 adapté pour être inséré dans l'alvéole 10.As we have seen, the buffer 3, here of generally circular shape, comprises, projecting from its circular outline, a stud 30 adapted for be inserted into the socket 10.

Pour plus de commodité, les termes tels que « haut », « bas », « supérieur », « inférieur », « dessus », « dessous », « sur », « sous », utilisés pour situer certains éléments du tampon seront des références à l'emplacement de ces éléments quand le tampon est en position de fermeture.For convenience, terms like "high", "low", "Upper", "lower", "above", "below", "on", "under", used to locate certain elements of the buffer will be references to the location of these elements when the tampon is in the closed position.

Le tenon 30 comporte, dans sa région proche de son raccordement à la partie de forme générale circulaire du tampon 3 qui est adaptée pour recouvrir l'accès 2 en position de fermeture, une partie 301 d'épaisseur réduite dont les faces en retrait respectivement inférieure et supérieure sont approximativement planes et parallèles ; en revanche, dans sa région où se trouve son extrémité libre, le tenon comporte une tête 302 comportant des régions inférieure et supérieure qui s'étendent en surépaisseur par rapport aux faces de la partie 301 ; la région inférieure de la tête 302 comporte deux ergots 303 en saillie latéralement par rapport aux faces latérales de la région supérieure de la tête ; les faces inférieure et supérieure des ergots sont approximativement planes et parallèles, à l'exception du fait que la face inférieure présente en outre une protubérance 304 vers le bas de forme arrondie, à proximité immédiate de l'extrémité libre du tenon. Les surfaces inférieure et supérieure ainsi que la surface de chant du tenon susceptibles de venir en contact avec l'alvéole 10 lors du mouvement approximativement de pivotement du tampon, et notamment celles des ergots, constituent les surfaces d'appui du tenon.The tenon 30 has, in its region close to its connection to the generally circular part of the buffer 3 which is suitable for cover the access 2 in the closed position, a portion 301 of reduced thickness whose respectively lower and upper recessed faces are approximately planar and parallel; on the other hand, in his region where finds its free end, the tenon comprises a head 302 comprising lower and upper regions which extend in excess relative to to the faces of the part 301; the lower region of the head 302 has two lugs 303 projecting laterally from the side faces of the region upper head; the lower and upper faces of the pins are approximately flat and parallel, except that the underside also has a rounded downward protrusion 304, in the immediate vicinity of the free end of the post. The lower surfaces and higher as well as the edge surface of the post likely to come into contact with the socket 10 during the movement of approximately pivoting of the pad, and in particular those of the pins, constitute the surfaces post support.

Les surfaces d'appui pour le tenon et notamment pour les ergots 303, de chaque paroi latérale 13 de l'alvéole 10, se succèdent depuis la face supérieure du châssis 1, sur une partie de la hauteur de l'alvéole, et présentent le même profil sur l'une et l'autre paroi. Chacune de ces parois latérales comporte ainsi deux successions de surfaces d'appui disposées en vis-à-vis, l'une du côté de la paroi extérieure 11 et l'autre du côté de la paroi intérieure 12. A la partie supérieure de l'alvéole 10, les surfaces d'appui en vis-à-vis sont écartées d'une distance légèrement supérieure à l'épaisseur des ergots 303 du tenon 30 afin de permettre l'insertion de celui-ci dans l'alvéole seulement quand le tampon est en position approximativement verticale ; dans cette partie supérieure, une première surface d'appui 131 côté paroi intérieure 12 s'étend verticalement sur quelques millimètres de haut, et la surface d'appui 132 qui lui succède se rapproche de cette paroi 12 d'abord presque à l'horizontale de manière à constituer un bord de l'alvéole nettement en surplomb en direction de la paroi extérieure 11, puis se poursuit sensiblement à la verticale pour finalement venir se rattacher à cette paroi 12 ; également dans la partie supérieure de l'alvéole, la surface d'appui supérieure 133 côté paroi extérieure 11 qui s'éloigne tout d'abord de cette paroi 11 plonge ensuite verticalement sur quelques millimètres, et la surface d'appui 134 qui la prolonge se rapproche de la paroi extérieure 11, en surplomb avec une faible inclinaison vers le bas ; la surface d'appui suivante 135 s'éloigne à nouveau de la paroi extérieure 11 en formant une rampe incurvée se terminant approximativement à mi-hauteur de l'alvéole, à une distance de la paroi intérieure 12 approximativement égale à l'épaisseur des ergots 303 ; elle est prolongée sur quelques millimètres par une surface 136 terminale approximativement verticale aboutissant à la partie inférieure de l'alvéole 10 dont la base débouche à l'extérieur du châssis 1 par un orifice 100.The bearing surfaces for the post and in particular for the pins 303, from each side wall 13 of the cell 10, follow one another from the face upper part of chassis 1, over part of the height of the cell, and have the same profile on both walls. Each of these side walls thus comprises two successions of bearing surfaces arranged opposite, one on the side of the outer wall 11 and the other on the side of the inner wall 12. At the upper part of the cell 10, the bearing surfaces facing each other are spaced a distance slightly greater than the thickness of the pins 303 of tenon 30 to allow insertion of the latter into the socket only when the pad is in an approximately vertical position; in this upper part, a first bearing surface 131 on the inner wall side 12 extends vertically a few millimeters high, and the surface of support 132 which succeeds it approaches this wall 12 first almost horizontally so as to form a clearly defined edge of the cell overhanging towards the outer wall 11, then continues substantially vertically and finally come to attach to this wall 12; also in the upper part of the cell, the upper bearing surface 133 on the outer wall side 11 which first moves away from this wall It then plunges vertically for a few millimeters, and the surface support 134 which extends it approaches the outer wall 11, overhanging with a slight downward inclination; the following support surface 135 moves away from the outer wall 11 again, forming a ramp curved ending approximately halfway up the socket, one distance from the inner wall 12 approximately equal to the thickness of the pins 303; it is extended over a few millimeters by a surface 136 approximately vertical terminal ending in the lower part of the cell 10, the base of which opens to the outside of the chassis 1 through an orifice 100.

Par suite de la forme des surfaces d'appui, la tête 302 peut être introduite dans l'alvéole 10 uniquement quand le tampon 3 est approximativement vertical (figure 2); quand les ergots 303 sont entièrement au-dessous du niveau des bords en surplomb définis par les surfaces d'appui 131, 132, 133, 134 appartenant à l'alvéole, le tampon peut être pivoté vers sa position d'ouverture totale à 110 degrés environ par rapport au châssis, dans laquelle sa partie 301 d'épaisseur réduite est en contact contre le bord 11 de l'alvéole en surplomb, et une partie de sa protubérance 304 est en appui contre la partie inférieure de la surface d'appui 132 appartenant à l'alvéole côté paroi intérieure 12, qui de préférence épouse la forme de cette partie de la protubérance 304 ; on peut noter qu'il existe en outre une position stable intermédiaire de sécurité (non représentée) dans laquelle le tampon 3 est bloqué dans une position angulaire à 90 degrés environ par rapport au châssis ; dans cette position, la face supérieure de la partie 301 du tenon à l'endroit de son raccordement avec la partie circulaire du tampon est en appui contre la surface d'appui supérieure 133 côté paroi extérieure 11, et la face inférieure de la partie 301 est en appui contre la première surface d'appui verticale 131 côté paroi intérieure 12, tandis que les extrémités des ergots 303 sont insérées entre la paroi intérieure 12 et la surface d'appui verticale terminale 136 ; en alternative, le tampon peut être pivoté vers sa position de fermeture en faisant remonter les surfaces d'appui appartenant à l'ergot contre la rampe incurvée 135 de l'alvéole en faisant prendre appui à la surface inférieure des tenons 30 contre la surface d'appui supérieure 131 côté paroi intérieure 12 ; dans cette position de fermeture dans laquelle le tampon repose horizontalement sur son siège, les ergots sont logés partiellement et emprisonnés sous les bords en surplomb de l'alvéole 10 définis par ses surfaces d'appui 131, 132, 133, 134 (figure 3).Due to the shape of the bearing surfaces, the head 302 can be inserted in socket 10 only when pad 3 is approximately vertical (Figure 2); when the pins 303 are entirely below the level of the overhanging edges defined by the bearing surfaces 131, 132, 133, 134 belonging to the cell, the pad can be pivoted towards its fully open position at around 110 degrees relative to the chassis, in which its reduced thickness part 301 is in contact against the edge 11 of the overhanging cell, and part of its protrusion 304 is in support against the lower part of the support surface 132 belonging to the inner wall side cell 12, which preferably matches the shape of this part of the protrusion 304; we can note that there is also a position stable safety intermediate (not shown) in which the buffer 3 is locked in an angular position at approximately 90 degrees relative to to the chassis; in this position, the upper face of part 301 of the pin at the point of its connection with the circular part of the buffer is bearing against the upper bearing surface 133 on the outer wall side 11, and the underside of the part 301 bears against the first surface vertical support 131 on the inner wall side 12, while the ends of the pins 303 are inserted between the inner wall 12 and the bearing surface vertical end 136; alternatively, the pad can be rotated towards its closed position by raising the bearing surfaces belonging to the lug against the curved ramp 135 of the cell while making support on the lower surface of the studs 30 against the upper bearing surface 131 inner wall side 12; in this closed position in which the pad rests horizontally on its seat, the lugs are partially housed and trapped under the overhanging edges of the defined cell 10 by its bearing surfaces 131, 132, 133, 134 (Figure 3).

Avec cette structure, le tenon 30 du tampon 3 peut être retiré de l'alvéole 10, et ainsi le tampon peut être séparé du châssis, quand le tampon est approximativement vertical.With this structure, the post 30 of the pad 3 can be removed from the socket 10, and thus the pad can be separated from the chassis, when the pad is approximately vertical.

Pour supprimer cette possibilité, dans l'espace de l'alvéole 10 séparant l'extrémité libre du tenon 30 quand le tampon est en position de fermeture, de la paroi extérieure 11, est logée une plaquette de butée 4 pour la tête (figure 1), destinée à être alors positionnée approximativement verticalement dans l'alvéole contre la paroi extérieure 11.To eliminate this possibility, in the space of the cell 10 separating the free end of the tenon 30 when the plug is in the closed position, of the outer wall 11, is housed a stop plate 4 for the head (figure 1), intended to be positioned approximately vertically in the cell against the outer wall 11.

Cette plaquette 4 comporte un corps 40 présentant une forme légèrement coudée formant un angle dièdre très obtus s'ouvrant en direction de la paroi extérieure 11, l'arrête du dièdre s'étendant approximativement horizontalement et à mi-longeur de la plaquette ; en outre, la partie d'extrémité supérieure de la plaquette 4 est repliée approximativement à angle droit en direction de la paroi extérieure 11 sur une très courte longueur, et les deux chants latéraux 41 de cette partie d'extrémité repliée portent deux tourillons 42 respectifs cylindriques de retenue de la plaquette contre la paroi extérieure 11.This plate 4 comprises a body 40 having a slightly shaped cubit forming a very obtuse dihedral angle opening towards the outer wall 11, the dihedral edge extending approximately horizontally and halfway along the wafer; in addition, the end portion upper of the plate 4 is folded approximately at right angles to direction of the outer wall 11 over a very short length, and the two lateral edges 41 of this folded end portion carry two pins 42 respective cylindrical retaining plate against the outer wall 11.

Pour retenir la plaquette de butée 4 contre la paroi extérieure 11, chacune des parois latérales 13 de l'alvéole comporte une rainure 137 s'étendant approximativement verticalement dans l'alvéole contre la paroi extérieure 11, adaptée pour recevoir à coulissement un tourillon 42 respectif de la plaquette 4 ; pour permettre l'introduction du tourillon 42 dans cette rainure 137, chaque paroi latérale de l'alvéole comporte en outre une rainure 138 légèrement inclinée vers le haut en direction de la paroi extérieure 11, dont une extrémité débouche dans la rainure verticale 137 et dont l'extrémité opposée débouche dans la surface formant rampe incurvée 135 de l'alvéole 10.To retain the stop plate 4 against the outer wall 11, each of the side walls 13 of the cell has a groove 137 extending approximately vertically in the cell against the wall outer 11, adapted to receive with sliding a respective pin 42 wafer 4; to allow the introduction of the pin 42 in this groove 137, each side wall of the cell also has a groove 138 slightly inclined upwards towards the outer wall 11, one end of which opens into the vertical groove 137 and the end of which opposite opens into the curved ramp surface 135 of the cell 10.

Pour supporter la plaquette de butée 4, la paroi extérieure 11 du châssis 1 comporte une gouttière 112 s'étendant dans l'alvéole 10 en direction de la paroi intérieure 12, en dessous du niveau de l'extrémité inférieure de la surface d'appui 136 approximativement verticale.To support the stop plate 4, the outer wall 11 of the chassis 1 comprises a gutter 112 extending in the cell 10 in the direction of the inner wall 12, below the level of the lower end of the approximately vertical bearing surface 136.

La plaquette d'appui 4 est ainsi susceptible de prendre deux positions, à savoir une position de sécurisation contre le vol, ou position antivol, et une position d'attente dans laquelle elle est placée avant d'être mise en position de sécurisation.The support plate 4 is thus capable of taking two positions, namely a theft protection position, or anti-theft position, and a waiting position in which it is placed before being placed security position.

Plus précisément, avant la mise en place du tampon, on introduit la plaquette d'appui 4 dans l'alvéole 10 par le dessus du châssis, ou encore par le dessous de celui-ci, l'orifice 100 de la base de l'alvéole 10 présentant des dimensions suffisamment étendues pour permettre le passage de la plaquette 4 jusqu'à l'espace de l'alvéole où la plaquette doit être mise en place, on fait coulisser les deux tourillons 42 dans les rainures inclinées 138, et on les abaisse jusqu'au fond des rainures verticales 137 ; le corps 40 de la plaquette 4 est alors en appui contre la surface extérieure de la gouttière 112 (figures 2 et 3). Le tampon peut alors être mis en place et éventuellement retiré ; quand le tampon est en place dans n'importe quelle position, le tenon 30 masque pratiquement parfaitement la plaquette et en outre empêche celle-ci de s'échapper de l'alvéole 10. Pour mettre la plaquette d'appui 4 en service, on place le tampon 3 en position d'ouverture soit à la position stable intermédiaire à 90 degrés soit à la position d'ouverture totale à 110 degrés, et on pousse la plaquette de bas en haut jusqu'à ce que son chant inférieur puisse être introduit dans la gouttière support 112 et retombe contre la surface interne de cette gouttière support. Dans cette position, la plaquette 4 s'intègre au boítier et n'offre pratiquement plus de prise, ce qui la rend pratiquement inaccessible.More precisely, before the insertion of the tampon, the support plate 4 in the cell 10 from above the chassis, or else from below it, the orifice 100 of the base of the cell 10 having sufficiently large dimensions to allow passage of the plate 4 to the space in the cell where the plate is to be placed place, the two pins 42 are made to slide in the inclined grooves 138, and they are lowered to the bottom of the vertical grooves 137; the body 40 of the plate 4 is then in abutment against the external surface of the gutter 112 (Figures 2 and 3). The tampon can then be put in place and possibly took of ; when the pad is in place in any position, the tenon 30 practically perfectly hides the insert and also prevents it to escape from the cell 10. To put the support plate 4 in service, the buffer 3 is placed in the open position or in the position stable intermediate at 90 degrees or at the fully open position at 110 degrees, and we push the plate from bottom to top until its song lower can be introduced into the support gutter 112 and falls against the internal surface of this support gutter. In this position, the plate 4 fits into the housing and offers virtually no grip, which the makes it virtually inaccessible.

Dans ces conditions, la plaquette 4 limite les possibilités de déplacement du tampon 3 notamment en direction de la paroi extérieure 11 de l'alvéole 10 à une course insuffisante pour que l'ergot cesse d'être surplombé au moins partiellement par au moins un bord en surplomb de l'alvéole 10 ; il est donc impossible de retirer le tampon.Under these conditions, the plate 4 limits the possibilities of displacement of the buffer 3 in particular in the direction of the outer wall 11 of the alveolus 10 at an insufficient stroke for the lug to cease to be overhung at least partially by at least one edge overhanging the cell 10; it is therefore impossible to remove the tampon.

En résumé, cette structure permet de démonter le tampon durant la période d'installation (par exemple pour sceller le châssis), interdit de retirer le tampon après installation et mise en service de la plaquette, permet d'intégrer la plaquette au châssis dès l'origine de manière imperdable, et rend la plaquette inaccessible et indémontable après sa mise en service.In summary, this structure makes it possible to dismantle the tampon during the installation period (for example to seal the chassis), do not remove the pad after installation and commissioning of the board, allows to integrate the plate into the chassis from the start in a captive manner, and makes the board inaccessible and non-removable after it has been put into service.

Dans la forme de réalisation des figures 7 à 9, le tampon 3 est approximativement identique à celui des formes de réalisation des figures 1 à 6 ; aussi, sa description ne sera pas répétée ; il en est de même de la plus grande partie du châssis 1 ; en effet, comme c'est principalement la forme de la plaquette 4 des figures 7 à 9 qui est différente de celle des figures 1 à 6, les différences dans le châssis 1 portent essentiellement sur les moyens prévus pour retenir la plaquette 4 et la supporter ; aussi, seuls la plaquette 4 et ces moyens seront maintenant décrits ; les éléments de la deuxième forme de réalisation correspondant à des éléments de la première portent les mêmes références numériques notamment sur les dessins.In the embodiment of Figures 7 to 9, the pad 3 is approximately identical to that of the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 6; therefore, its description will not be repeated; it is the same for the most large part of chassis 1; indeed, as it is mainly the form of the plate 4 of Figures 7 to 9 which is different from that of Figures 1 to 6, the differences in the chassis 1 relate essentially to the means provided for retaining the plate 4 and supporting it; also, only the plate 4 and these means will now be described; the elements of the second embodiment corresponding to elements of the first bear the same reference numbers, especially on the drawings.

La plaquette 4 comporte dans sa partie centrale un corps 40 présentant une forme générale plane ; comme la plaquette de la forme de réalisation des figures 1 à 6, sa partie d'extrémité supérieure est repliée approximativement à angle droit en direction de la paroi extérieure 11 sur une très courte longueur, et les deux chants latéraux 41 de cette partie d'extrémité repliée portent deux tourillons 42 respectifs cylindriques de retenue de la plaquette contre la paroi extérieure 11 ; en outre, sa partie d'extrémité inférieure est repliée à angle droit en sens opposé à la partie d'extrémité supérieure, pour former un pied 43 perpendiculaire au corps 40. De plus, la face de la plaquette de butée 4 qui est adaptée pour venir en vis-à-vis de la paroi extérieure 11 porte deux plots 44 de guidage s'étendant latéralement respectivement de part et d'autre des chants latéraux de la plaquette ; chacun de ces chants latéraux porte aussi, légèrement au-dessus du niveau du plot 44, un cran d'encliquetage 45 à rampe inclinée, en saillie sur le chant. La plaquette 4 porte en outre un téton 46 en matériau élastomère très compressible dont l'extrémité est de forme générale conique, fixé approximativement au centre du corps 40 et en saillie sur la surface du corps qui est destinée à être en vis-à-vis de la paroi extérieure 11.The plate 4 has in its central part a body 40 having a generally planar shape; like the brochure of the embodiment Figures 1 to 6, its upper end part is folded approximately at right angles to the outer wall 11 on a very short length, and the two lateral edges 41 of this end portion folded carry two respective cylindrical pins 42 for retaining the plate against the outer wall 11; in addition, its lower end portion is folded at right angles in the opposite direction to the upper end part, to form a foot 43 perpendicular to the body 40. In addition, the face of the stop plate 4 which is adapted to come opposite the wall outer 11 carries two guide pads 44 extending laterally respectively on either side of the side edges of the wafer; each of these side edges also wears, slightly above the level of the stud 44, a detent notch 45 with an inclined ramp, projecting from the edge. The plate 4 also carries a stud 46 of highly compressible elastomeric material the end of which is generally conical, fixed approximately at the center of the body 40 and protruding from the surface of the body which is intended to be vis-à-vis the outer wall 11.

Pour retenir la plaquette de butée 4 contre la paroi extérieure 11, chacune des parois latérales 13 de l'alvéole comporte une rainure 137 s'étendant approximativement verticalement dans l'alvéole contre la paroi extérieure 11 et débouchant à l'extérieur du châssis 1 au niveau de l'orifice 100 de la base de l'alvéole 10, adaptée pour recevoir à coulissement un tourillon 42 et un plot 44 de guidage de la plaquette ; la paroi extérieure 11 comporte également une rainure 139 guidant le coulissement en direction verticale de l'extrémité libre du téton 46 en même temps que la plaquette ; de plus, le bord 140 côté paroi intérieure 12 de chacune des rainures 137 comporte des encoches 141 à rampe inclinée pour loger le cran d'encliquetage 45 correspondant de la plaquette 4 quand celle-ci est en position d'attente et quand elle est en position de sécurisation, et ainsi la supporter quand elle est dans l'une ou l'autre de ces deux positions.To retain the stop plate 4 against the outer wall 11, each of the side walls 13 of the cell has a groove 137 extending approximately vertically in the cell against the wall outside 11 and opening outside the frame 1 at the orifice 100 of the base of the cell 10, adapted to slide a trunnion 42 and a pad 44 for guiding the wafer; the outer wall 11 also has a groove 139 guiding the sliding in the direction vertical of the free end of the stud 46 at the same time as the plate; in addition, the edge 140 on the inner wall side 12 of each of the grooves 137 includes notches 141 with inclined ramp to accommodate the notch corresponding snap 45 of the plate 4 when the latter is in position waiting and when it is in the secure position, and thus bear it when it is in either of these two positions.

Les tourillons 42 de la plaquette de butée 4 étant insérés dans la rainure approximativement verticale 137 par son extrémité inférieure au niveau de l'orifice de base 100, pour passer de la position basse en attente (figure 7) dans laquelle les crans d'encliquetage 45 sont en prise dans les encoches correspondantes, à la position haute de sécurisation (figure 8), il suffit de faire coulisser la plaquette vers le haut en faisant glisser les rampes inclinées des crans 45 le long des rampes inclinées des encoches 141 et en comprimant le bloc élastomère 46 pour permettre la libération des crans des encoches, puis d'entraíner la plaquette 4 vers le haut jusqu'à la position de sécurisation dans laquelle les crans 45 se trouvent à nouveau en prise avec des encoches 141 ; pendant cette opération, le tampon 3 est soit dans la position d'ouverture stable à environ 90 degrés soit dans la position d'ouverture totale à 110 degrés.The pins 42 of the stop plate 4 being inserted in the approximately vertical groove 137 by its lower end at the level from base port 100, to go from the low standby position (Figure 7) in which the latching notches 45 are engaged in the corresponding notches, in the upper securing position (figure 8), there just slide the plate upwards by sliding the ramps inclined notches 45 along the inclined ramps of the notches 141 and in compressing the elastomeric block 46 to allow the release of the notches from the notches, then drive the plate 4 up to the position of securing in which the notches 45 are again engaged with notches 141; during this operation, buffer 3 is either in the stable open position at about 90 degrees either in the position total opening at 110 degrees.

Avec cette forme de réalisation, il est possible de revenir de la position de sécurisation dans laquelle il est impossible de retirer le tampon à la position d'attente dans laquelle le retrait est autorisé, mais cette opération est malaisée. Pour la rendre impossible, il suffit de noyer la partie inférieure de l'alvéole dans un matériau de scellement tel qu'un béton de scellement pour empêcher tout mouvement vers le bas de la plaquette 4 de butée.With this embodiment, it is possible to return from the position in which it is impossible to remove the buffer at the waiting position in which withdrawal is authorized, but this operation is awkward. To make it impossible, just drown the lower part the cell in a sealing material such as sealing concrete to prevent any downward movement of the stop plate 4.

Dans la forme de réalisation des figures 10 à 16, les moyens d'articulation mutuelle du tampon 3 et du châssis 1 sont respectivement deux tenons 30 du tampon et deux alvéoles 10 du châssis ; les organes de cette forme de réalisation correspondant à des organes déjà décrits des précédentes formes portent les mêmes références numériques.In the embodiment of FIGS. 10 to 16, the means of mutual articulation of the buffer 3 and of the chassis 1 are respectively two pins 30 of the pad and two cells 10 of the chassis; the organs of this embodiment corresponding to organs already described from the previous ones shapes have the same reference numbers.

Les alvéoles 10 sont limitées par une paroi extérieure 11 et à leur partie supérieure par une paroi intérieure 12 du châssis comme précédemment ; en revanche, comme les deux alvéoles sont séparées l'une de l'autre par une cloison s'étendant en T depuis la paroi extérieure 11 en direction de la paroi intérieure 12, elles sont limitées latéralement d'un côté par une paroi 13 comme précédemment, tandis que du côté opposé, la paroi latérale de la partie supérieure des alvéoles est cette cloison 15 en T.The cells 10 are limited by an outer wall 11 and to their upper part by an inner wall 12 of the chassis as before ; however, as the two cells are separate from each other by a partition extending in T from the outer wall 11 in the direction of the inner wall 12, they are bounded laterally on one side by a wall 13 as before, while on the opposite side, the side wall of the upper part of the cells is this partition 15 in T.

Les surfaces d'appui appartenant au châssis 1 sont constituées dans chaque alvéole par des surfaces supérieures planes 113 latérales de la paroi extérieure 11 inclinées vers le bas en direction de l'intérieur du châssis 1, prolongées dans la même direction par des surfaces incurvées 114 elle-même prolongées par des surfaces horizontales 115.The bearing surfaces belonging to the chassis 1 are constituted in each cell by planar upper surfaces 113 lateral the outer wall 11 inclined downward towards the interior of the chassis 1, extended in the same direction by curved surfaces 114 itself extended by horizontal surfaces 115.

On peut noter que la cloison 15 en T ne s'étend pas jusqu'au fond des alvéoles 10, de telle sorte que celles-ci sont en communication l'une avec l'autre sous le pont de matière constitué par la cloison 15 ; on peut également noter que dans chaque alvéole 10, en vis-à-vis de la région saillante en direction de la paroi latérale 13, de la partie la plus large de la cloison 15 en T, la paroi extérieure 11 descend approximativement verticalement jusqu'à la base du châssis 1, les surfaces d'appui 113, 114, 115 pour le tenon 30 s'interrompant latéralement au droit de l'extrémité libre de cette région saillante ; il en résulte que les deux alvéoles 10 traversent la châssis de part en part et débouchent à la base de celui-ci dans leur région s'étendant entre la paroi extérieure 11 et la verticale de la région saillante latéralement de la partie la plus large de la cloison 15, par des orifices respectifs 100, et que les deux orifices 100 sont en communication l'un avec l'autre sous la cloison 15 en T. It can be noted that the T-shaped partition 15 does not extend to the bottom cells 10, so that they are in communication with one another with the other under the material bridge constituted by the partition 15; we can also note that in each cell 10, facing the protruding region in the direction of the side wall 13, of the widest part of the partition 15 in T, the outer wall 11 descends approximately vertically up to the base of the chassis 1, the bearing surfaces 113, 114, 115 for the tenon 30 is laterally interrupted at the right of the free end of this protruding region; it follows that the two cells 10 pass through the chassis right through and lead to the base of it in their region extending between the outer wall 11 and the vertical of the projecting region laterally from the widest part of the partition 15, through respective orifices 100, and that the two orifices 100 are in communication with one the other under the partition 15 in T.

Les tenons 30, à leur extrémité libre, comportent en bout une tête 302 présentant une forme extérieure en portion de cylindre s'étendant sur un arc de circonférence de l'ordre de 180 degrés. Les surfaces cylindriques des têtes constituent des surfaces d'appui des tenons.The pins 30, at their free end, have a head at the end 302 having an outer shape in the form of a cylinder portion extending over a arc of circumference of the order of 180 degrees. The cylindrical surfaces of heads constitute bearing surfaces of the studs.

Chaque tête d'articulation 302 présente, dans la région de son extrémité libre séparée par un espace de la paroi 11 de l'alvéole qui est en vis-à-vis quand le tampon est en position de fermeture, un ergot latéral 303 en saille par rapport à la face latérale de la tête d'articulation 302 qui est en vis-à-vis de la cloison 15 en T.Each articulation head 302 has, in the region of its end free separated by a space from the wall 11 of the cell which is opposite when the pad is in the closed position, a lateral pin 303 in projection relative to the lateral face of the articulation head 302 which is opposite of partition 15 in T.

Les ergots 303 présentent une surface supérieure en portion de cylindre s'étendant ici sur un arc de circonférence d'environ 180 degrés. Ils sont positionnés de manière à être partiellement surplombés, quand le tampon est en position de fermeture, par une région de bord 151 de la partie la plus large de la cloison 15 en T constituant comme on l'a vu une paroi de bord de chaque alvéole 10, laquelle région de bord 151 s'étend en surplomb en direction de la paroi extérieure 11.The pins 303 have an upper surface in the portion of a cylinder here extending over an arc of circumference of about 180 degrees. They are positioned so that they are partially overhung, when the buffer is in the closed position, by an edge region 151 of the part la wider of the T-shaped partition 15 constituting, as we have seen, a wall of edge of each cell 10, which edge region 151 extends in overhang towards the outer wall 11.

La position d'ouverture en butée du tampon 3 (non représentée), dans laquelle le tampon fait un angle d'environ 120 degrés par rapport au châssis, est définie par l'emplacement et l'inclinaison des surfaces supérieures inclinées 113 contre lesquelles les faces supérieures de la partie 301 des tenons 30 peuvent être repoussées, ainsi que par l'appui des tenons sur les surfaces d'appui 115 et des ergots contre la base de la paroi de la cloison 15 qui est en vis-à-vis de la paroi extérieure 11.The open position in abutment of the buffer 3 (not shown), in which the pad makes an angle of about 120 degrees from the chassis, is defined by the location and inclination of the upper surfaces inclined 113 against which the upper faces of the part 301 pins 30 can be pushed back, as well as by pressing the pins on the bearing surfaces 115 and lugs against the base of the wall of the partition 15 which faces the outer wall 11.

Avec cette structure, le tenon 30 du tampon 3 peut être introduit dans l'alvéole 10 du châssis 1 quand le tampon est approximativement vertical (figure 10), et le tampon peut être amené ensuite en position d'ouverture en butée, en position de fermeture (figure 11), ou être séparé du châssis en position approximativement verticale.With this structure, the pin 30 of the buffer 3 can be introduced in cell 10 of frame 1 when the pad is approximately vertical (figure 10), and the pad can then be brought into the open position in the stop position, in the closed position (figure 11), or be separated from the chassis by approximately vertical position.

Pour supprimer cette dernière possibilité, dans l'espace de l'alvéole 10 séparant, quand le tampon 3 est en position de fermeture, l'extrémité libre du tenon 30, de la paroi extérieure 11, est logée une plaquette de butée 4 pour la tête (figures 13 et 14) destinée à être positionnée approximativement verticalement dans l'alvéole à proximité de la paroi extérieure 11 (figures 15 et 16).To remove this last possibility, in the space of the cell 10 separating, when the pad 3 is in the closed position, the free end of the stud 30, of the outer wall 11, is housed a stop plate 4 for the head (Figures 13 and 14) intended to be positioned approximately vertically in the cell near the outer wall 11 (figures 15 and 16).

Cette plaquette 4 comporte dans sa partie centrale un corps 40 présentant une forme générale plane ; la partie supérieure et la partie inférieure de la plaquette 4 s'étendent approximativement à angle droit en direction de la paroi intérieure 12; cette plaquette présente une échancrure 47 s'étendant sur toute la longueur de la partie supérieure s'étendant à angle droit par rapport au corps 40 et sur la région du corps qui est voisine de cette partie supérieure, de manière que deux branches latérales 48 soient définies de part et d'autre de l'échancrure 47 ; la partie d'extrémité inférieure s'étendant approximativement à angle droit forme comme précédemment un pied 43 ; de préférence, le pied 43 est plus étroit que le corps 40 et que l'écartement des branches latérales 48 ; à cette fin, le corps 40 peut par exemple présenter une forme en trapèze isocèle.This plate 4 has in its central part a body 40 having a generally planar shape; the upper part and the lower part of the wafer 4 extend approximately at a right angle in the direction of the inner wall 12; this plate has a notch 47 extending over the entire length of the top extending at an angle right with respect to the body 40 and on the region of the body which is close to this upper part, so that two lateral branches 48 are defined on either side of the notch 47; the lower end part extending approximately at right angles as before a foot 43; preferably, the foot 43 is narrower than the body 40 and that the spacing of the lateral branches 48; to this end, the body 40 can by example present an isosceles trapezoid shape.

Pour positionner avec une relative précision la plaquette 4 à proximité de la paroi extérieure 11 et la supporter quand elle est en position de sécurisation, les surfaces d'appui supérieures planes inclinées 113 pour les têtes 302 des tenons 30 et les ergots 303, et la base 481 d'un talon de la partie supérieure des branches latérales 48 de la plaquette qui est en saillie par rapport au corps central 40, présentent la même inclinaison ; de même, le chant du bord 151 de l'alvéole surplombant les ergots 303, et la base de l'extrémité libre 482 de la partie supérieure des branches latérales 48 de la plaquette présentent la même inclinaison ; en outre, la longueur de cette partie supérieure des branches 48 est telle que celle-ci puisse s'ajuster entre cette surface d'appui 113 et ce chant du bord en surplomb 151.To position with relative precision the plate 4 nearby of the outer wall 11 and support it when it is in the secure position, the inclined flat upper bearing surfaces 113 for the heads 302 of the studs 30 and the pins 303, and the base 481 of a heel of the upper part of the lateral branches 48 of the plate which is projecting relative to the central body 40, have the same inclination; likewise, the edge edge 151 of the cell overhanging the pins 303, and the base of the free end 482 of the upper part of the lateral branches 48 of the plate have the same inclination; furthermore the length of this upper part of the branches 48 is such that it can be adjusted between this bearing surface 113 and this edge song overhanging 151.

La plaquette 4 est mise en place par le dessous du châssis 1 à travers les orifices 100 en communication de la base de celui-ci, alors que le tampon 3 est en position d'ouverture, en élevant la plaquette 4 dans l'alvéole pour introduire ses branches 48 entre le tenon 30 et la paroi extérieure 11 et en pivotant ensuite la base du corps 40 en direction de la paroi 11. La plaquette 4 peut également être retirée, mais cette opération est malaisée, et cela d'autant plus pour celui qui ne connaít pas l'agencement du dispositif ; il en résulte une certaine inviolabilité. Pour empêcher définitivement le retrait de la plaquette 4, il suffit de remplir la partie inférieure de l'alvéole 10 avec un matériau de scellement jusqu'à un niveau tel que la plaquette ne puisse plus être enlevée par le dessous du châssis, par exemple en noyant le pied 43 de la plaquette dans ce matériau tel que du béton.The plate 4 is put in place from below the chassis 1 through the orifices 100 in communication from the base thereof, while the pad 3 is in the open position, raising the plate 4 in the socket to introduce its branches 48 between the stud 30 and the outer wall 11 and by then pivoting the base of the body 40 in the direction of the wall 11. The plate 4 can also be withdrawn, but this operation is difficult, and all the more so for those who do not know the arrangement of the device; he this results in a certain inviolability. To permanently prevent withdrawal of plate 4, it suffices to fill the lower part of cell 10 with sealing material up to a level such that the insert cannot no longer be removed from under the chassis, for example by drowning the foot 43 of the wafer in this material such as concrete.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux formes de réalisation ci-dessus décrites et représentées, et on pourra en prévoir d'autres sans sortir de son cadre.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments above described and shown, and we can provide others without get out of its frame.

Claims (10)

Regard à couvercle articulé pour recouvrir ou accéder sélectivement à une excavation creusée dans le sol, comportant un châssis (1) délimitant un accès (2) à l'excavation et un couvercle (3) adapté pour pouvoir être mu dans un mouvement approximativement de pivotement autour d'un axe approximativement horizontal en reposant dans le châssis entre une position de fermeture dans laquelle il recouvre approximativement l'accès et une position d'ouverture en butée dans laquelle il le dégage substantiellement, le couvercle (3) et le châssis (1) étant munis de moyens d'articulation mutuelle constitués par au moins un tenon (30) du couvercle et au moins une alvéole (10) du châssis présentant des surfaces d'appui mutuel adaptées pour coopérer lors dudit mouvement approximativement de pivotement, le tenon présentant dans la région de son extrémité libre séparée de la paroi (11) de l'alvéole qui est en vis-à-vis quand le couvercle est en position de fermeture par un espace, une tête d'articulation (302) comportant au moins un ergot latéral (303) logé, quand le couvercle (3) repose dans le châssis (1), au moins partiellement sous au moins un bord de l'alvéole qui est en surplomb et s'étend lui-même en direction de ladite paroi (11) de l'alvéole à distance de celle-ci, regard caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte, logée dans ledit espace, une plaquette (4) de butée pour la tête d'articulation (302), reposant sur au moins une surface support appartenant au châssis (1), limitant les possibilités de déplacement du couvercle (3) en direction de ladite paroi (11) de l'alvéole (10) à une course insuffisante pour que l'ergot (303) cesse d'être surplombé au moins partiellement par ledit bord de l'alvéole, et l'alvéole (10) débouche à l'extérieur du châssis (1) par sa base de telle manière que ledit espace soit en communication avec l'extérieur du châssis par un orifice (100) permettant le passage de la plaquette (4) pour sa mise en place dans cet espace.Manhole cover to cover or selectively access an excavation dug in the ground, comprising a frame (1) delimiting an access (2) to the excavation and a cover (3) adapted to be able to be moved in an approximately pivoting movement around an approximately horizontal axis resting in the chassis between a closed position in which it approximately covers the access and an open position in abutment in which it releases it substantially, the cover (3) and the chassis (1 ) being provided with mutual articulation means constituted by at least one lug (30) of the cover and at least one socket (10) of the chassis having mutual bearing surfaces adapted to cooperate during said approximately pivoting movement, the lug having in the region of its free end separated from the wall (11) of the cell which is opposite when the cover is in the closed position by a space, a hinge head (302) comprising at least one lateral lug (303) housed, when the cover (3) rests in the frame (1), at least partially under at least one edge of the cell which is in overhangs and extends itself in the direction of said wall (11) of the cell at a distance therefrom, sight characterized in that it comprises, housed in said space, a plate (4) of abutment for the articulation head (302), resting on at least one support surface belonging to the chassis (1), limiting the possibilities of movement of the cover (3) in the direction of said wall (11) of the cell (10) to one stroke insufficient for the lug (303) to cease to be at least partially overhung by said edge of the cell, and the cell (10) opens out to the chassis (1) by its base so that said space is in communication with the outside of the chassis by an orifice (100) allowing the passage of the plate (4) for its putting e n place in this space. Regard selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le couvercle (3) comporte un tenon (30) présentant deux ergots latéraux (303), et le châssis (1) comporte une alvéole dont des parois latérales (13) sont munies de surfaces d'appui (131, 132) pour le tenon (30) délimitant un bord de l'alvéole qui est en surplomb et s'étend en direction de la paroi (11) de l'alvéole qui est en vis-à-vis de l'extrémité libre du tenon (30) quand le couvercle est en position de fermeture.Manhole according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover (3) comprises a lug (30) having two lateral pins (303), and the chassis (1) comprises a cell, the side walls (13) of which are provided with surfaces 'support (131, 132) for the post (30) delimiting an edge of the cell which is overhanging and extends in the direction of the wall (11) of the cell which is opposite 'free end of the post (30) when the cover is in the closed position. Regard selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le couvercle (3) comporte un tenon présentant deux ergots latéraux (303), et le châssis (1) comporte une alvéole (10) dont les parois latérales (13) sont munies d'au moins une surface d'appui (133) pour le tenon (30) délimitant un bord de l'alvéole qui est en surplomb et s'étend en direction d'une paroi intérieure (12) de l'alvéole dont le sommet sert de siège au couvercle (3).Manhole according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the cover (3) comprises a lug having two lateral lugs (303), and the frame (1) comprises a cell (10) whose side walls (13 ) are provided with at least one bearing surface (133) for the post (30) delimiting an edge of the cell which is overhanging and extends in the direction of an inner wall (12) of the cell the top of which serves as a seat for the cover (3). Regard selon l'une des revendications 1 et 3, caractérisé en ce que l'alvéole comporte des parois latérales (13) présentant des rainures de retenue (137) respectives s'étendant contre ladite paroi (11) de l'alvéole qui est en vis-à-vis de l'extrémité libre du tenon (30) quand le couvercle est en position de fermeture, et la plaquette (4) comporte des tourillons (42) latéraux montés coulissants dans ces rainures.Manhole according to one of claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the cell comprises side walls (13) having respective retaining grooves (137) extending against said wall (11) of the cell which is in vis-à-vis the free end of the tenon (30) when the cover is in the closed position, and the plate (4) has lateral pins (42) slidably mounted in these grooves. Regard selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les parois latérales (13) présentent des rainures d'introduction (138) respectives pour introduire les tourillons (42) dans les rainures de retenue (137), dont une extrémité débouche dans cette rainure de retenue (137) et dont l'extrémité opposée débouche dans une surface d'appui (135) de l'alvéole (10) pour le tenon (30), un chant inférieur de la plaquette (4) étant adapté pour reposer sur une surface interne d'une gouttière (112) portée par au moins une paroi (11) de l'alvéole.Manhole according to claim 4, characterized in that the side walls (13) have respective introduction grooves (138) for introducing the pins (42) into the retaining grooves (137), one end of which opens into this groove retainer (137) and the opposite end of which opens into a bearing surface (135) of the socket (10) for the post (30), a lower edge of the plate (4) being adapted to rest on a surface internal of a gutter (112) carried by at least one wall (11) of the cell. Regard selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les parois latérales (13) sont munies de rainures (137) respectives comportant des encoches (141) adaptées pour coopérer par encliquetage avec des crans (45) portés par des chants latéraux de la plaquette (4), et la plaquette (4) comporte également un téton (46) en matériau compressible permettant le coulissement de la plaquette entre une position d'attente et une position de sécurisation.Manhole according to claim 4, characterized in that the side walls (13) are provided with respective grooves (137) comprising notches (141) adapted to cooperate by snap-fastening with notches (45) carried by lateral edges of the plate ( 4), and the plate (4) also includes a stud (46) of compressible material allowing the plate to slide between a standby position and a securing position. Regard selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le couvercle (3) comporte deux tenons (30) présentant chacun au moins un ergot latéral (303), et le châssis (1) comporte deux alvéoles (10) présentant une paroi extérieure (11) et des surfaces d'appui (113, 114, 115) pour un tenon respectif, les deux alvéoles étant séparées l'une de l'autre par une cloison (15) en T s'étendant depuis ladite paroi extérieure (11) du châssis en direction d'une paroi intérieure (12) du châssis, une partie élargie de la cloison en T présentant des régions de bord (151) qui s'étendent en direction de la paroi extérieure (11) et qui, quand le couvercle est en position de fermeture, surplombent partiellement les ergots (303) du tenon (30).Manhole according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover (3) comprises two pins (30) each having at least one lateral lug (303), and the frame (1) comprises two cells (10) having an outer wall (11 ) and bearing surfaces (113, 114, 115) for a respective tenon, the two cells being separated from each other by a T-shaped partition (15) extending from said outer wall (11) of the frame towards an interior wall (12) of the frame, an enlarged part of the T-partition having edge regions (151) which extend towards the outer wall (11) and which, when the cover is in the closed position, partially overhang the lugs (303) of the post (30). Regard selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la plaquette (4) présente deux branches latérales (48) adaptées pour reposer sur des surfaces de support appartenant au châssis (1), ces surfaces de support étant constituées par la partie supérieure de surfaces d'appui supérieures (113) équipant chaque alvéole (10) pour l'appui des tenons (30) respectifs et par un chant des régions de bord (151) en surplomb sur les alvéoles (10).Manhole according to claim 7, characterized in that the plate (4) has two lateral branches (48) adapted to rest on support surfaces belonging to the frame (1), these support surfaces being constituted by the upper part of surfaces d 'upper support (113) equipping each cell (10) for the support of the respective studs (30) and by a song of the edge regions (151) overhanging on the cells (10). Regard selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 et 8, caractérisé en ce que la plaquette (4) présente à une extrémité un pied (43) replié.Manhole according to any one of claims 6 and 8, characterized in that the plate (4) has at one end a folded foot (43). Regard selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la partie inférieure de l'alvéole (10) est garnie d'un matériau de scellement.Manhole according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the lower part of the cell (10) is filled with a sealing material.
EP01470014A 2000-05-31 2001-05-16 Manhole cover with theft-prevention device Expired - Lifetime EP1160382B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0007034A FR2809752B1 (en) 2000-05-31 2000-05-31 ARTICULATED LID MANHOLE WITH ANTI-THEFT DEVICE FOR EXCAVATING FLOOR
FR0007034 2000-05-31

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1160382A1 true EP1160382A1 (en) 2001-12-05
EP1160382B1 EP1160382B1 (en) 2005-09-07

Family

ID=8850866

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01470014A Expired - Lifetime EP1160382B1 (en) 2000-05-31 2001-05-16 Manhole cover with theft-prevention device

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1160382B1 (en)
AR (1) AR031240A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE304085T1 (en)
BR (1) BR0102215B1 (en)
DE (1) DE60113185T2 (en)
DK (1) DK1160382T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2248263T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2809752B1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200104303B (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7108447B2 (en) 2004-05-03 2006-09-19 Neenah Foundry Company Construction castings with ball and socket connectors
EP1818458A1 (en) * 2006-02-14 2007-08-15 Norinco Device used to block a frame, comprising an articulated detachable panel mounted on the frame
FR2922908A1 (en) * 2007-10-31 2009-05-01 Saint Gobain Pam Sa LOOK OF PAVEMENT.
US7744304B2 (en) 2004-05-03 2010-06-29 Neenah Foundry Company Socket hinged construction casting assembly
WO2011070263A1 (en) * 2009-12-11 2011-06-16 Norinco Assembly comprising a frame and a closure cover for the frame, especially for a street manhole
FR2959519A1 (en) * 2010-04-29 2011-11-04 Saint Gobain Pont A Mousson ROAD DEVICE HAVING AN OPENING AND A GUIDE BUFFER BETWEEN AN OPEN POSITION AND A CLOSED POSITION
EP1910626B2 (en) † 2005-07-27 2014-09-10 EJ Emea Device for articulating a stopper or lid to a frame in particular of a man hole

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2616275B1 (en) * 2015-12-10 2017-12-12 Benito Urban, Slu HINGE WITH LOCK POSITIONS FOR COVER OF ALCANTARILLA, IMPROVED

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3455059A (en) * 1968-02-01 1969-07-15 Waterbury Foundry Co The Vault or manhole cover assembly
US4840514A (en) * 1987-04-07 1989-06-20 Pont-A-Mousson S.A. Manhole assembly with T-shaped hinge

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3455059A (en) * 1968-02-01 1969-07-15 Waterbury Foundry Co The Vault or manhole cover assembly
US4840514A (en) * 1987-04-07 1989-06-20 Pont-A-Mousson S.A. Manhole assembly with T-shaped hinge

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7744304B2 (en) 2004-05-03 2010-06-29 Neenah Foundry Company Socket hinged construction casting assembly
US7108447B2 (en) 2004-05-03 2006-09-19 Neenah Foundry Company Construction castings with ball and socket connectors
EP1910626B2 (en) † 2005-07-27 2014-09-10 EJ Emea Device for articulating a stopper or lid to a frame in particular of a man hole
EP1818458A1 (en) * 2006-02-14 2007-08-15 Norinco Device used to block a frame, comprising an articulated detachable panel mounted on the frame
FR2897371A1 (en) * 2006-02-14 2007-08-17 Norinco Sa DEVICE FOR SEALING A FRAME, COMPRISING A REMOVABLE HINGED MOUNTED PANEL ON THE FRAME
US7908798B2 (en) 2006-02-14 2011-03-22 Norinco Device for closing a frame having a panel articulated on the frame
RU2460849C2 (en) * 2007-10-31 2012-09-10 Сэн-Гобэн Пам Road inspection manhole
WO2009056758A3 (en) * 2007-10-31 2009-07-16 Saint Gobain Pont A Mousson Manhole cover
WO2009056758A2 (en) * 2007-10-31 2009-05-07 Saint-Gobain Pam Manhole cover
FR2922908A1 (en) * 2007-10-31 2009-05-01 Saint Gobain Pam Sa LOOK OF PAVEMENT.
CN101889115B (en) * 2007-10-31 2015-01-14 圣-戈班Pam集团公司 Manhole cover
WO2011070263A1 (en) * 2009-12-11 2011-06-16 Norinco Assembly comprising a frame and a closure cover for the frame, especially for a street manhole
FR2953867A1 (en) * 2009-12-11 2011-06-17 Norinco FRAME ASSEMBLY AND FRAME CLOSURE PAD, IN PARTICULAR FOR CHAIRING
FR2959519A1 (en) * 2010-04-29 2011-11-04 Saint Gobain Pont A Mousson ROAD DEVICE HAVING AN OPENING AND A GUIDE BUFFER BETWEEN AN OPEN POSITION AND A CLOSED POSITION
WO2011135260A3 (en) * 2010-04-29 2012-03-22 Saint-Gobain Pam Highway device
RU2530098C2 (en) * 2010-04-29 2014-10-10 Сэн-Гобэн Пам Road viewing device
US8869452B2 (en) 2010-04-29 2014-10-28 Saint-Gobain Pam Road device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR0102215A (en) 2002-02-13
DE60113185T2 (en) 2006-06-08
FR2809752B1 (en) 2002-07-19
AR031240A1 (en) 2003-09-17
ES2248263T3 (en) 2006-03-16
BR0102215B1 (en) 2009-01-13
DE60113185D1 (en) 2005-10-13
ATE304085T1 (en) 2005-09-15
FR2809752A1 (en) 2001-12-07
ZA200104303B (en) 2001-11-28
DK1160382T3 (en) 2006-01-23
EP1160382B1 (en) 2005-09-07

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