EP0286562B1 - Manhole with a t-shaped hinge - Google Patents

Manhole with a t-shaped hinge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0286562B1
EP0286562B1 EP88470005A EP88470005A EP0286562B1 EP 0286562 B1 EP0286562 B1 EP 0286562B1 EP 88470005 A EP88470005 A EP 88470005A EP 88470005 A EP88470005 A EP 88470005A EP 0286562 B1 EP0286562 B1 EP 0286562B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
frame
manhole assembly
plug
assembly according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88470005A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0286562A3 (en
EP0286562A2 (en
Inventor
André Defrance
Jean-Claude Hauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pont a Mousson SA
Original Assignee
Pont a Mousson SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8704885A external-priority patent/FR2613742B1/en
Priority claimed from FR8717571A external-priority patent/FR2624897B2/en
Application filed by Pont a Mousson SA filed Critical Pont a Mousson SA
Priority to AT88470005T priority Critical patent/ATE73514T1/en
Publication of EP0286562A2 publication Critical patent/EP0286562A2/en
Publication of EP0286562A3 publication Critical patent/EP0286562A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0286562B1 publication Critical patent/EP0286562B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • E02D29/1463—Hinged connection of cover to frame
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements made to manhole covers in particular of generally circular general shape, of the type comprising a frame and a shutter pad supported by said frame, the manhole being provided with a hinged device removably linking the pad to the frame at the periphery thereof and authorizing the lifting of the buffer relative to the frame by pivoting around the hinged device.
  • Document FR-A-742 942 discloses a plug pavement manhole intended to be housed in a frame, said pad being provided with two pivots projecting laterally and freely penetrating into two housings made in the adjacent regions of the frame, allowing thus, by moving the pivots in their housings, tilting the buffer relative to the frame.
  • the characteristics of this manhole known in combination are set out in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the drawback of this type of manhole lies in the fact that the tampon is liable to lift and leave its housing under the effect of internal pressure.
  • the subject of the present invention is a manhole cover, in particular of generally circular shape, comprising a frame and a shutter pad supported by said frame, the manhole being provided with a hinged device comprising at least one binder hinge, in a way removable, the pad to the frame at the periphery thereof and authorizing the lifting of the pad relative to the frame by pivoting around the hinged device, said hinge having substantially the general shape of a T comprising on the one hand a housing having substantially the general shape of a T, formed in a peripheral region of the frame, and on the other hand a pivot having substantially the general shape of a T having a transverse bar, carried by a peripheral region of the tampon and engaged in said housing , the radially innermost part of the housing, corresponding to the leg of the T, having a depth less than the rest of said housing, thus forming a neck between the internal part of the frame and this housing, the radially outermost part of the housing, corresponding to the crossbar of the T, having a depth
  • the pad is retained on the frame and cannot be detached from it accidentally and inadvertently when it is in the closed position, for example under the action of a suction phenomenon due to the passage a vehicle; on the other hand the buffer can easily be tilted to open the manhole.
  • the T-shaped housing provided in the frame and the protruding pivot T provided on the pad have fairly simple geometric shapes and the manufacture of the frame and the pad by molding (in particular cast iron) is not complicated.
  • the protruding pivot and the housing are arranged respectively on the pad and in the frame so that, when the manhole is closed and the pad rests on the frame, the pivot has no point of contact with the housing.
  • the pad rests on the frame by means of a sound-absorbing elastomer seal, there is no no contact between the metal parts of the frame and the buffer and the generation of noisy knocks of the buffer against the frame is avoided during the passage of vehicles over the manhole.
  • the hinge is unique, the part of the latter forming the leg of the T extending substantially radially and the opposite side faces, at the ends of the transverse branch of the T, of the pivot and of the housing are separated from each other by a minimum clearance in order to prevent jamming of the pad during its movement relative to the frame.
  • the T-shaped housing is made in the thickness of the frame.
  • the frame does not have any projection, both interior and exterior, and the gaze according to the invention can, without difficulty, be substituted for an earlier gaze of the same dimensions.
  • the respective dimensions of the housing and the pivot are such that the pad is retained, by double pressing of the pivot in the housing, in an open position forming an angle of approximately 105 to 110 ° relative to its closed position.
  • the second portion located radially towards the outside of each lateral zone is overhung by a retaining lip situated opposite the aforementioned retaining lip overhanging the first portion located radially inwards and projecting inwards from the outer wall of the frame.
  • the above-mentioned first portion located radially inwards has, in radial section, a polygonal shape extending over approximately 180 °.
  • the aforementioned polygonal shape consists, starting from the bottom, of a first face inclined by approximately 111 ° relative to the bottom, of a second face forming an angle of approximately 135 ° relative to the first face, and a third face forming an angle of approximately 10 ° below the horizontal, this third face constituting the lower face of the retaining lip.
  • the internal face of the frame located opposite the shutter pad is, in the region of the hinged device, provided with a chamfer at its upper edge.
  • the chamfer is inclined by about 45 ° relative to the vertical.
  • the frame 1 of the manhole according to the invention has any desirable shape (circular in the example shown), size and configuration (in particular for its upper face). It will be noted in particular that this frame, intended to be embedded in an appropriate soil (pavement for example), has, in a manner known per se, an inner annular projection 2 capped by a sound-absorbing seal 3 made of elastomer and intended to support a buffer 4 (partially shown in Fig. 4) when it is in the closed position.
  • a single housing 5 in the general shape of T in top view, open upward in the upper face of the frame and also opening into the interior of the frame.
  • the part 6 of the housing 5 located inwardly constitutes the leg of the aforementioned T and extends substantially radially by having a lesser depth than the rest of the housing; the inner part 6 of the housing 5 thus forms a neck between the inner zone of the frame and the part 7 of the housing located towards the outside.
  • This part 7 of the housing located towards the outside is elongated substantially transversely to the part 6 and forms the transverse bar of the abovementioned T; its depth is on the whole significantly greater than that of part 6.
  • the manhole buffer 4 has any desirable shape (discoid in the example shown), size and configuration (in particular for its upper face), in accordance with the shape, size and configuration of the frame to which he is associated.
  • this pad has, in a manner known per se, a peripheral annular bearing surface 14 intended to rest on the annular projection 2 covered with the sound-absorbing seal 3 and that it also has an annular skirt 15, making projection below its underside, which bears against the annular seal 3 and prevents the pad from being moved radially relative to the frame 1 when the pad is in the closed position.
  • a pivot 16 having the general configuration of a T dimensioned to cooperate with the housing 5 of the frame 1, protrudes radially on the periphery of the pad 4.
  • the pivot 16 has a portion of link 17 extending radially and connected to the buffer, corresponding to the leg of the T, and a pivot shaft part 18 extending transversely to the end of the connection part 17, and corresponding to the crossbar of the T
  • the pivoting shaft part 18 has an approximately cylindrical general shape with a diameter substantially smaller than the diameter of the first region 8 of semi-circular section of the housing 5 of the frame; however, this shaft has a flat 19 formed longitudinally and extending substantially parallel to the main faces of the pad, the transverse dimension of the pivot shaft part 18, perpendicular to the flat 19, being less than the upward opening of region 10 of housing 5 of the frame.
  • the respective lengths of the pivot shaft part 18 and of the outer part 7 of the housing 5 are such that the opposite facing faces have a minimum clearance allowing the pivoting of the buffer relative to the frame, but preventing the jamming of the tampon when lifting it.
  • Figs. 6 to 9 show the pivot 16 engaged in the housing 5 in different relative functional positions of the buffer 4 and of the frame 1.
  • Fig. 6 shows the pad 4 in the closed position on the frame 1. Note that the pivot 16 is connected to the pad 4 so that, in this closed position, the pivot 16 is not in contact with the walls of the housing 5 , in order to avoid noisy bumps of the buffer against the frame during the passage of a vehicle. In this position, the pivoting shaft part 18 extends, at least in part, under the overhanging lips 9, which therefore oppose the exit of the pivot 16 from the housing 5.
  • the pivot 16 When the pad 4 is lifted by being grasped in the middle, the pivot 16 lowers in the housing 5 until the shaft part 18 comes into contact with the bottom surface 12 of the housing 5. The pad pivots then around the shaft part 18 bearing on the surface 13 at the same time as the shaft part 18 is brought back by gravity towards the deepest zone (connection of the surfaces 12 and 13) of the housing due to the inclination of the surface 12 as shown in FIG. 9; in this figure, it is better to see that the part 18 of the pivot 16 is supported only by its ends on the bottom surface 13 of the housing.
  • the pad 4 remains in the open position with an inclination of 15 to 20 ° relative to the vertical (rotation of 105 to 110 °), occupying the position shown in FIG. 7, the pivot 16 resting on one side by its connecting part 17 against the upper edge of the wall 11 of the frame and on the other side by its connecting shaft part 18 against the underside of the lips 9 .
  • the pad is arranged vertically: the shaft part 18 can then engage in the opening overhanging the second portion 10 of the outer part 7 of the housing 5, as shown in FIG. 8.
  • a single housing 5 ′ is provided in the thickness of the frame 1 ′.
  • Said housing 5 ′ has a general shape of T in top view, open upwards in the upper face of the frame and also opening into the inside of the frame.
  • Part 6 of the housing 5 ′ located inwardly constitutes the leg of the aforementioned T and extends substantially radially by having a lesser depth than the rest of the housing; the inner part 6 of the housing 5 ′ thus forms a neck between the inner zone of the frame and the part 7 ′ of the housing located towards the outside.
  • This part 7 ′ of the housing located towards the outside is elongated substantially transversely to the part 6 and forms the transverse bar of the abovementioned T; its depth is on the whole significantly greater than that of part 6.
  • the two lateral zones 23 serve as housings receiving the ends of the pivot shaft part 18 of the pivot 16 of the pad 4.
  • Fig. 11 represents a first possible configuration of the part 7 ′ of the housing 5 ′: the first region 8 is here delimited, radially inwards, by a wall 26 which is concave with continuous curvature from the bottom 24 of the part 7 ′ up to 'at the lower end of the lip 9.
  • the wall 26 has a lower part 26a in the form of a portion of cylinder substantially of revolution having a large radius of curvature (relatively), surmounted by a upper part 26 b in the shape of a substantially revolution portion of cylinder having a relatively smaller radius of curvature.
  • the different walls delimiting the part 7 ′ of the housing 5 ′ namely the wall 26, the bottom 24 and the wall 27 delimiting the second region 10 radially outwards
  • the part 7 ′ of the housing 5 ′ is constituted as indicated above with reference to FIG. 11.
  • the shutter plug of the gaze it is arranged as indicated in the first exemplary embodiment in particular as regards its pivot in T which is engaged in the housing 5 ′ of the frame.
  • the T-pivot of the pad is no longer, during the opening or closing of the pad, guided on the inclined ramp formed by the background 13.
  • a chamfer 29 is therefore provided, in the region around the housing 5 ′, on the upper part of the inner face of the frame.
  • This chamfer has an inclination of about 45 ° relative to the vertical, that is to say it is approximately parallel (in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 12) to the surface 28 b supra.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
  • Hinges (AREA)
  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)
  • Sanitary Device For Flush Toilet (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne des perfectionnements apportés aux regards de chaussée notamment de forme générale sensiblement circulaire, du type comportant un cadre et un tampon obturateur supporté par ledit cadre, le regard étant pourvu d'un dispositif à charnière liant, de façon amovible, le tampon au cadre à la périphérie de ceux-ci et autorisant le soulèvement du tampon par rapport au cadre par pivotement autour du dispositif à charnière.The present invention relates to improvements made to manhole covers in particular of generally circular general shape, of the type comprising a frame and a shutter pad supported by said frame, the manhole being provided with a hinged device removably linking the pad to the frame at the periphery thereof and authorizing the lifting of the buffer relative to the frame by pivoting around the hinged device.

On connaît par le document FR-A-742 942 un regard de chaussée à tampon destiné à être logé dans un cadre, ledit tampon étant pourvu de deux pivots faisant saillie latéralement et pénétrant librement dans deux logements pratiqués dans les régions adjacentes du cadre, permettant ainsi, par déplacement des pivots dans leurs logements, de basculer le tampon par rapport au cadre. Les caractéristiques de ce regard connues en combinaison sont repartées dans le préambule de la revendication 1. L'inconvénient de ce type de regard réside dans le fait que le tampon risque de se soulever et de quitter son logement sous l'effet de pression internes.Document FR-A-742 942 discloses a plug pavement manhole intended to be housed in a frame, said pad being provided with two pivots projecting laterally and freely penetrating into two housings made in the adjacent regions of the frame, allowing thus, by moving the pivots in their housings, tilting the buffer relative to the frame. The characteristics of this manhole known in combination are set out in the preamble of claim 1. The drawback of this type of manhole lies in the fact that the tampon is liable to lift and leave its housing under the effect of internal pressure.

De manières générale, on connaît un regard de chaussée à tampon basculant qui est monté sur charnières et qui présente à cet effet deux tétons saillant latéralement dont les axes sont confondus et s'engageant dans des logements respectifs prévus à cet effet dans le cadre ; les charnières ainsi constituées sont alors chacune complétées à l'aide d'une pièce faisant office de bouchon emprisonnant chaque téton dans son logement. L'inconvénient de ce type de regard réside dans le fait qu'il nécessite une pièce rapportée pour éviter que le tampon ne se soulève en cas de poussée interne et ne quitte le cadre.In general, there is a manhole cover with a tilting buffer which is mounted on hinges and which has for this purpose two studs projecting laterally, the axes of which coincide and engaging in respective housings provided for this purpose in the frame; the hinges thus formed are then each completed with the aid of a part serving as a plug trapping each stud in its housing. The disadvantage of this type of manhole lies in the fact that it requires an insert to prevent the pad from lifting in the event of an internal thrust and leaving the frame.

On connaît également des regards du même type, dans lequel le tampon présente deux tétons comme précédemment et le cadre est muni de logements profilés, recevant ces tétons, de telle sorte que le tampon ne puisse quitter le cadre même en cas de poussée interne. Ces regards connus présentent les inconvénients suivants :

  • les logements ménagés dans le cadre pour le passage des tétons sont toujours ouverts même lorsque le tampon est en place ; des saletés peuvent alors y pénétrer (ces regards sont montés sur les chaussées) et s'entasser dans le fond des cavités dont sont munis les logements, en génant, voire en bloquant l'ouverture du tampon ;
  • du fait de la distance importante séparant les deux tétons du tampon, il est possible que, lors de l'ouverture, si l'utilisateur exerce une force dirigée, non pas exactement dans l'axe d'ouverture, mais légèrement décalée vers la droite ou vers la gauche (ce qui arrive souvent lors des ouvertures effectuées à l'aide d'une barre à mine), le tampon se mette en travers et se coince ; si ce coincement survient lors du soulèvement automatique du tampon sous l'action d'une poussée interne (débordement d'eau), le tampon ne peut plus se refermer sous l'effet de son propre poids, et il en résulte un danger pour les usagers de la chaussée.
Manholes of the same type are also known, in which the pad has two nipples as before and the frame is provided with profiled housings, receiving these nipples, so that the pad cannot leave the frame even in the event of internal thrust. These known looks have the following drawbacks:
  • the housings provided in the frame for the passage of the nipples are always open even when the pad is in place; dirt can then penetrate there (these manholes are mounted on the roadways) and pile up in the bottom of the cavities with which the housings are provided, by obstructing or even blocking the opening of the tampon;
  • due to the large distance separating the two nipples from the tampon, it is possible that, during opening, if the user exerts a directed force, not exactly in the opening axis, but slightly shifted to the right or to the left (which often happens during openings made using a crowbar), the tampon gets crossed and gets stuck; if this jamming occurs during the automatic lifting of the tampon under the action of an internal thrust (overflow of water), the tampon can no longer close under the effect of its own weight, and this results in a danger for road users.

On connaît également un regard dont le tampon présente des surfaces d'appui arrondies. Un tel regard présente les inconvénients suivants :

  • le tampon est mis en place par le dessous du cadre et il n'est donc plus démontable après scellement ;
  • les formes des logements d'appui sont complexes et sont difficiles à mouler ;
  • étant donné les excentrations ménagées dans le cadre, il existe un risque de blocage en rotation du tampon à la suite d'un encrassement.
A look is also known whose pad has rounded bearing surfaces. Such a look has the following disadvantages:
  • the pad is put in place from below the frame and is therefore no longer removable after sealing;
  • the shapes of the support housings are complex and are difficult to mold;
  • given the eccentricities provided in the frame, there is a risk of rotation blockage of the pad following fouling.

L'invention a donc essentiellement pour but de remédier aux inconvénients ci-dessus exposés des regards de chaussée à tampon basculant connus et de proposer un regard de chaussée perfectionné à charnière donnant mieux satisfaction, dans toute la mesure du possible, aux diverses exigences de la pratique, et notamment :

  • sous l'effet d'éventuelles remontées d'eau, même si le tampon se soulève automatiquement, il ne doit pas quitter son logement ;
  • le tampon doit ensuite se refermer correctement sous l'effet uniquement de son propre poids ;
  • le tampon ne doit pas être déporté sur le côté lors de son ouverture, même lorsque l'effort exercé pour l'ouvrir n'est pas strictement perpendiculaire à son axe de pivotement ;
  • le tampon doit tenir tout seul en position ouverte ;
  • le tampon doit pouvoir être séparé du cadre de façon facile et à tout moment, sans pour autant que cette séparation puisse intervenir accidentellement et intempestivement lorsque le tampon repose en position de fermeture sur le cadre ou en position nettement entrouverte.
The object of the invention is therefore essentially to remedy the above-mentioned drawbacks of known manholes with tilting buffer and to provide an improved manhole cover with hinges giving better satisfaction, as far as possible, to the various requirements of the practical, and in particular:
  • under the effect of possible upwelling, even if the tampon is raised automatically, it must not leave its housing;
  • the tampon must then close properly under the effect of its own weight only;
  • the tampon must not be offset to the side when it is opened, even when the force exerted to open it is not strictly perpendicular to its pivot axis;
  • the tampon should stand alone in the open position;
  • the pad must be able to be separated from the frame easily and at any time, without this separation being able to occur accidentally and inadvertently when the pad rests in the closed position on the frame or in a clearly ajar position.

A ces fins, la présente invention a pour objet un regard de chaussée, notamment de forme générale circulaire, comportant un cadre et un tampon obturateur supporté par ledit cadre, le regard étant pourvu d'un dispositif à charnière comprenant au moins une charnière liant, de façon amovible, le tampon au cadre à la périphérie de ceux-ci et autorisant le soulèvement du tampon par rapport au cadre par pivotement autour du dispositif à charnière, ladite charnière ayant sensiblement la forme générale d'un T comportant d'une part un logement ayant sensiblement la forme générale d'un T, pratiqué dans une région périphérique du cadre, et d'autre part un pivot ayant sensiblement la forme générale d'un T présentant une barre transversale, porté par une région périphérique du tampon et engagé dans ledit logement, la partie radialement la plus intérieure du logement, correspondant à la jambe du T, présentant une profondeur moindre que le reste dudit logement, formant ainsi un col entre la partie intérieure du cadre et ce logement, la partie radialement la plus extérieure du logement, correspondant à la barre transversale du T, possédant une profondeur supérieure à celle du col et présentant, d'une part, une première portion située radialement vers l'intérieur et jouxtant le col précité et ayant, en coupe radiale, une forme concave tournée vers l'intérieur, les parties d'extrémité longitudinales de cette première portion étant surplombées par des lèvres de retenue, et, d'autre part, une seconde portion située radialement vers l'extérieur dont le fond se raccorde de façon continue avec le fond de la première portion, la seconde portion comportant une ouverture supérieure sur toute sa longueur, tel que connu du document FR-A-742 942 précité, ledit pivot étant saillant par rapport à la région périphérique du cadre, la barre transversale dudit pivot étant cylindrique de section circulaire, de dimension inférieure au logement de forme concave constituant la première portion et de diamètre supérieur à la largeur de l'ouverture supérieure précitée de la seconde portion, et ladite barre transversale présentant un plat parallèle aux faces principales du tampon, la dimension de cette barre transversale perpendiculairement au plat étant inférieure à la largeur de ladite ouverture supérieure.For these purposes, the subject of the present invention is a manhole cover, in particular of generally circular shape, comprising a frame and a shutter pad supported by said frame, the manhole being provided with a hinged device comprising at least one binder hinge, in a way removable, the pad to the frame at the periphery thereof and authorizing the lifting of the pad relative to the frame by pivoting around the hinged device, said hinge having substantially the general shape of a T comprising on the one hand a housing having substantially the general shape of a T, formed in a peripheral region of the frame, and on the other hand a pivot having substantially the general shape of a T having a transverse bar, carried by a peripheral region of the tampon and engaged in said housing , the radially innermost part of the housing, corresponding to the leg of the T, having a depth less than the rest of said housing, thus forming a neck between the internal part of the frame and this housing, the radially outermost part of the housing, corresponding to the crossbar of the T, having a depth greater than that of the neck and having, on the one hand, a first portion located radially ent inward and adjoining the aforementioned neck and having, in radial section, a concave shape facing inward, the longitudinal end portions of this first portion being overhung by retaining lips, and, on the other hand , a second portion located radially outwards, the bottom of which connects continuously with the bottom of the first portion, the second portion comprising an upper opening over its entire length, as known from the aforementioned document FR-A-742 942 , said pivot being protruding with respect to the peripheral region of the frame, the transverse bar of said pivot being cylindrical of circular section, of dimension smaller than the concave-shaped housing constituting the first portion and of diameter greater than the width of the above-mentioned upper opening of the second portion, and said transverse bar having a flat parallel to the main faces of the tampon, the dimension of this transverse bar rsale perpendicular to the flat being less than the width of said upper opening.

Grâce à cet agencement, le tampon est retenu sur le cadre et ne peut pas se désolidariser de celui-ci accidentellement et intempestivement lorsqu'il est en position de fermeture, par exemple sous l'action d'un phénomène d'aspiration dû au passage d'un véhicule ; par contre le tampon peut facilement être basculé pour l'ouverture du regard. En outre, le logement en T prévu dans le cadre et le pivot saillant T prévu sur le tampon présentent des formes géométriques assez simples et la fabrication du cadre et du tampon par moulage (notamment en fonte moulée) ne s'en trouve pas compliquée.Thanks to this arrangement, the pad is retained on the frame and cannot be detached from it accidentally and inadvertently when it is in the closed position, for example under the action of a suction phenomenon due to the passage a vehicle; on the other hand the buffer can easily be tilted to open the manhole. In addition, the T-shaped housing provided in the frame and the protruding pivot T provided on the pad have fairly simple geometric shapes and the manufacture of the frame and the pad by molding (in particular cast iron) is not complicated.

Avantageusement, le pivot saillant et le logement sont disposés respectivement sur le tampon et dans le cadre de manière telle que, lorsque le regard est fermé et que le tampon repose sur le cadre, le pivot ne présente aucun point de contact avec le logement. Ainsi, du fait, que par ailleurs, le tampon repose sur le cadre par l'intermédiaire d'un joint insonorisant en élastomère, il n'existe aucun contact entre les parties métalliques du cadre et du tampon et on évite la génération de cognements bruyants du tampon contre le cadre au cours du passage de véhicules sur le regard.Advantageously, the protruding pivot and the housing are arranged respectively on the pad and in the frame so that, when the manhole is closed and the pad rests on the frame, the pivot has no point of contact with the housing. Thus, due to the fact that, moreover, the pad rests on the frame by means of a sound-absorbing elastomer seal, there is no no contact between the metal parts of the frame and the buffer and the generation of noisy knocks of the buffer against the frame is avoided during the passage of vehicles over the manhole.

Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, la charnière est unique, la partie de celle-ci formant la jambe du T s'étendant sensiblement radialement et les faces latérales en regard, aux extrémités de la branche transversale du T, du pivot et du logement sont écartées l'une de l'autre d'un jeu minimal afin d'empêcher un coincement du tampon au cours de son mouvement par rapport au cadre. On simplifie ainsi la structure du tampon et du cadre, on simplifie au maximum la fabrication de ceux-ci, et surtout on évite les phénomènes de coincement lors des mouvements de basculement du tampon par rapport au cadre.In a preferred embodiment, the hinge is unique, the part of the latter forming the leg of the T extending substantially radially and the opposite side faces, at the ends of the transverse branch of the T, of the pivot and of the housing are separated from each other by a minimum clearance in order to prevent jamming of the pad during its movement relative to the frame. This simplifies the structure of the buffer and the frame, it simplifies the manufacture thereof as much as possible, and above all it avoids jamming phenomena during tilting movements of the buffer with respect to the frame.

De façon intéressante, le logement en T est pratiqué dans l'épaisseur du cadre. Ainsi, le cadre ne présente aucune saillie aussi bien intérieure qu extérieure, et le regard conforme à l'invention peut, sans difficultés, être substitué à un regard antérieur de mêmes dimensions.Interestingly, the T-shaped housing is made in the thickness of the frame. Thus, the frame does not have any projection, both interior and exterior, and the gaze according to the invention can, without difficulty, be substituted for an earlier gaze of the same dimensions.

Enfin, il est souhaitable que les dimensions respectives du logement et du pivot soient telles que le tampon soit retenu, par double appui du pivot dans le logement, dans une position d'ouverture formant un angle d'environ 105 à 110° par rapport à sa position de fermeture.Finally, it is desirable that the respective dimensions of the housing and the pivot are such that the pad is retained, by double pressing of the pivot in the housing, in an open position forming an angle of approximately 105 to 110 ° relative to its closed position.

Suivant un autre mode de réalisation, le regard de chaussée selon l'invention est tel que :

  • la partie radialement la plus extérieure du logement comprend une zone centrale s'étendant sensiblement dans le prolongement du col précité, qui possède un fond sensiblement plat et horizontal et deux zones latérales encadrant cette zone centrale, qui présentent chacune les susdites première portion située radialement vers l'intérieur et seconde portion située radialement vers l'extérieur,
  • le fond de cette première portion et le fond de cette seconde portion, dans chacune des zones latérales, se raccordent de façon continue l'un à l'autre par une surface sensiblement plane et horizontale.
According to another embodiment, the manhole cover according to the invention is such that:
  • the radially outermost part of the housing comprises a central zone extending substantially in the extension of the aforementioned neck, which has a substantially flat and horizontal bottom and two lateral zones framing this central zone, which each have the aforesaid first portion located radially towards the inside and second portion located radially outwards,
  • the bottom of this first portion and the bottom of this second portion, in each of the lateral zones, are connected continuously to one another by a substantially flat and horizontal surface.

Avantageusement, la seconde portion située radialement vers l'extérieur de chaque zone latérale est surplombée par une lèvre de retenue située en regard de la susdite lèvre de retenue surplombant la première portion située radialement vers l'intérieur et faisant saillie vers l'intérieur sur la paroi externe du cadre.Advantageously, the second portion located radially towards the outside of each lateral zone is overhung by a retaining lip situated opposite the aforementioned retaining lip overhanging the first portion located radially inwards and projecting inwards from the outer wall of the frame.

Suivant encore un autre mode de réalisation, dans chaque zone latérale, la susdite première portion située radialement vers l'intérieur présente, en coupe radiale, une forme polygonale s'étendant sur environ 180°. Dans un exemple de réalisation, la susdite forme polygonale est constituée, à partir du fond, d'une première face inclinée d'environ 111° par rapport au fond, d'une deuxième face formant un angle d'environ 135° par rapport à la première face, et une troisième face formant un angle d'environ 10° sous l'horizontale, cette troisième face constituant la face inférieure de la lèvre de retenue.According to yet another embodiment, in each lateral zone, the above-mentioned first portion located radially inwards has, in radial section, a polygonal shape extending over approximately 180 °. In an exemplary embodiment, the aforementioned polygonal shape consists, starting from the bottom, of a first face inclined by approximately 111 ° relative to the bottom, of a second face forming an angle of approximately 135 ° relative to the first face, and a third face forming an angle of approximately 10 ° below the horizontal, this third face constituting the lower face of the retaining lip.

Pour faciliter le mouvement du tampon obturateur par rapport au cadre, la face interne du cadre située en regard du tampon obturateur est, dans la zone du dispositif à charnière, munie d'un chanfrein à son bord supérieur. Dans ce cas et dans la configuration polygonale précitée, le chanfrein est incliné d'environ 45° par rapport à la verticale.To facilitate the movement of the shutter pad relative to the frame, the internal face of the frame located opposite the shutter pad is, in the region of the hinged device, provided with a chamfer at its upper edge. In this case and in the aforementioned polygonal configuration, the chamfer is inclined by about 45 ° relative to the vertical.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages apparaîtront au cours de la description qui va suivre, faite en référence aux dessins annexés, donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif, dans lesquels :

  • la Fig. 1 est une vue de dessus d'une partie d'un cadre de regard de chaussée agencé selon l'invention ;
  • la Fig. 2 est une vue partielle en coupe radiale selon la ligne II-II de la Fig. 1 ;
  • la Fig. 3 est une vue partielle en coupe selon la ligne III-III des Fig. 1 et 2 ;
  • la Fig. 4 est une vue de dessus d'une partie d'un tampon de regard de chaussée agencé selon l'invention, la partie montrée du tampon étant destinée à coopérer avec la partie du cadre montrée à la Fig. 1 ;
  • la Fig. 5 est une vue partielle en coupe radiale selon la ligne V-V de la Fig. 4 ;
  • les Fig. 6 à 8 sont des vues partielles en coupe radiale montrant respectivement trois positions fonctionnelles différentes de la charnière accouplant le tampon et le cadre du regard conforme à l'invention ;
  • la Fig. 9 est une vue de face montrant la charnière accouplant le tampon, montré partiellement, en position verticale et le cadre, montré partiellement ;
  • la Fig. 10 est une vue de dessus d'une partie d'un cadre constituant une variante de réalisation selon l'invention ;
  • les Fig. 11 et 12 sont des vues partielles en coupe radiale selon les lignes II-II et III-III de la Fig. 10.
Other characteristics and advantages will appear during the description which follows, given with reference to the appended drawings, given solely by way of nonlimiting example, in which:
  • Fig. 1 is a top view of part of a road manhole frame arranged according to the invention;
  • Fig. 2 is a partial view in radial section along line II-II of FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a partial sectional view along line III-III of FIGS. 1 and 2 ;
  • Fig. 4 is a top view of a part of a pavement manhole cover arranged according to the invention, the part shown of the buffer being intended to cooperate with the part of the frame shown in FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 5 is a partial view in radial section along the line VV of FIG. 4;
  • Figs. 6 to 8 are partial views in radial section showing respectively three different functional positions of the hinge coupling the buffer and the manhole frame according to the invention;
  • Fig. 9 is a front view showing the hinge coupling the pad, shown partially, in a vertical position and the frame, shown partially;
  • Fig. 10 is a top view of part of a frame constituting an alternative embodiment according to the invention;
  • Figs. 11 and 12 are partial views in radial section along lines II-II and III-III of FIG. 10.

En se référant tout d'abord aux Fig. 1 à 3, le cadre 1 du regard conforme à l'invention présente toute forme (circulaire dans l'exemple représenté), dimension et configuration (notamment pour sa face supérieure) souhaitables. On notera en particulier que ce cadre, destiné à être encastré dans un sol approprié (chaussée par exemple), possède, d'une façon en soi connue, une saillie annulaire intérieure 2 coiffée par un joint insonorisant 3 en élastomère et destinée à soutenir un tampon 4 (montré en partie à la Fig. 4) lorsque celui-ci est en position de fermeture.Referring first to Figs. 1 to 3, the frame 1 of the manhole according to the invention has any desirable shape (circular in the example shown), size and configuration (in particular for its upper face). It will be noted in particular that this frame, intended to be embedded in an appropriate soil (pavement for example), has, in a manner known per se, an inner annular projection 2 capped by a sound-absorbing seal 3 made of elastomer and intended to support a buffer 4 (partially shown in Fig. 4) when it is in the closed position.

Dans l'épaisseur du cadre est prévu, selon l'invention, un logement unique 5, en forme générale de T en vue de dessus, ouvert vers le haut dans la face supérieure du cadre et débouchant également vers l'intérieur du cadre. La partie 6 du logement 5 située vers l'intérieur constitue la jambe du T précité et s'étend sensiblement radialement en ayant une profondeur moindre que le reste du logement ; la partie intérieure 6 du logement 5 forme ainsi un col entre la zone intérieure du cadre et la partie 7 du logement située vers l'extérieur.In the thickness of the frame is provided, according to the invention, a single housing 5, in the general shape of T in top view, open upward in the upper face of the frame and also opening into the interior of the frame. The part 6 of the housing 5 located inwardly constitutes the leg of the aforementioned T and extends substantially radially by having a lesser depth than the rest of the housing; the inner part 6 of the housing 5 thus forms a neck between the inner zone of the frame and the part 7 of the housing located towards the outside.

Cette partie 7 du logement située vers l'extérieur est allongée sensiblement transversalement à la partie 6 et forme la barre transversale du T précité ; sa profondeur est dans l'ensemble sensiblement supérieure à celle de la partie 6.This part 7 of the housing located towards the outside is elongated substantially transversely to the part 6 and forms the transverse bar of the abovementioned T; its depth is on the whole significantly greater than that of part 6.

Cette partie 7 présente elle-même deux régions distinctes, savoir :

  • une première région 8 située le plus vers l'intérieur et jouxtant la susdite partie 6, cette première région 8 ayant, en section radiale (ligne II-II) un contour sensiblement semi-circulaire, par exemple sous la forme d'un arc de cercle s'étendant sur 90° au plus dans sa zone médiane située en regard du susdit col et sur environ 180° dans ses zones extrêmes et une profondeur sensiblement supérieure à celle de la partie 6 ; vers ses extrémités, la région 8 est surplombée par des lèvres 9 qui encadrent un espace libre prolongeant la partie 6 ;
  • une deuxième région 10 située le plus vers l'extérieur de même dimension longitudinale que la région 8 mais présentant une profondeur décroissant depuis la région 8 jusqu'à la paroi externe 11 ; autrement dit, la surface de fond 12 de la région 10 remonte de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur et se raccorde sans solution de continuité et avec des rayons de courbure importants d'un côté avec une surface semi-cylindrique 13 délimitant la région 8 et de l'autre côté avec la paroi externe 11 ; la seconde région 10 est ouverte vers le haut sur toute sa longueur. En d'autres termes, cette seconde région 10 est située radialement vers l'extérieur appartenant à la partie radialement la plus extérieure 7 du logement, et possède une profondeur inférieure à celle de la susdite première région 8, tandis que le fond 12 de la seconde région 10 est en pente descendante en direction du fond 13 de la susdite première portion 8 située radialement vers l'avant.
This part 7 itself presents two distinct regions, namely:
  • a first region 8 located most inwardly and adjoining said part 6, this first region 8 having, in radial section (line II-II) a substantially semi-circular contour, for example in the form of an arc of circle extending over 90 ° at most in its median zone situated opposite the above-mentioned neck and over approximately 180 ° in its extreme zones and a depth substantially greater than that of part 6; towards its ends, the region 8 is overhung by lips 9 which frame a free space extending the part 6;
  • a second region 10 located most outwardly of the same longitudinal dimension as the region 8 but having a decreasing depth from the region 8 to the outer wall 11; in other words, the bottom surface 12 of the region 10 rises from the inside to the outside and is connected without a solution of continuity and with large radii of curvature on one side with a semi-cylindrical surface 13 delimiting the region 8 and on the other side with the outer wall 11; the second region 10 is open upwards over its entire length. In other words, this second region 10 is located radially outward belonging to the radially outermost part 7 of the housing, and has a depth less than that of the above first region 8, while the bottom 12 of the second region 10 slopes down towards the bottom 13 of the above first portion 8 located radially forward.

En se référant maintenant aux Fig. 4 et 5, le tampon 4 du regard conforme à l'invention présente toute forme (discoïde dans l'exemple représenté), dimension et configuration (notamment pour sa face supérieure) souhaitables, en conformité avec les forme, dimension et configuration du cadre auquel il est associé. On notera en particulier que ce tampon possède, d'une façon en soi connue, une surface d'appui annulaire périphérique 14 destinée à reposer sur la saillie annulaire 2 recouverte du joint insonorisant 3 et qu'il possède également une jupe annulaire 15, faisant saillie sous sa face inférieure, qui porte contre le joint annulaire 3 et empêche le tampon d'être déplacé radialement par rapport au cadre 1 lorsque le tampon est en position de fermeture.Referring now to Figs. 4 and 5, the manhole buffer 4 according to the invention has any desirable shape (discoid in the example shown), size and configuration (in particular for its upper face), in accordance with the shape, size and configuration of the frame to which he is associated. It will be noted in particular that this pad has, in a manner known per se, a peripheral annular bearing surface 14 intended to rest on the annular projection 2 covered with the sound-absorbing seal 3 and that it also has an annular skirt 15, making projection below its underside, which bears against the annular seal 3 and prevents the pad from being moved radially relative to the frame 1 when the pad is in the closed position.

Un pivot 16, ayant la configuration générale d'un T dimensionné pour coopérer avec le logement 5 du cadre 1, fait saillie radialement sur la périphérie du tampon 4. Le pivot 16 possède une partie de liaison 17 s'étendant radialement et raccordée au tampon, correspondant à la jambe du T, et une partie d'arbre de pivotement 18 s'étendant transversalement à l'extrémité de la partie de liaison 17, et correspondant à la barre transversale du T. La partie d'arbre de pivotement 18 a une forme générale approximativement cylindrique avec un diamètre sensiblement inférieur au diamètre de la première région 8 de section semi-circulaire du logement 5 du cadre ; cependant, cet arbre présente un plat 19 formé longitudinalement et s'étendant sensiblement parallèlement aux faces principales du tampon, la dimension transversale de la partie d'arbre de pivotement 18, perpendiculairement au plat 19, étant inférieure à l'ouverture vers le haut de la région 10 du logement 5 du cadre. En outre, les longueurs respectives de la partie d'arbre de pivotement 18 et de la partie extérieure 7 du logement 5 sont telles que les faces extrêmes en regard présentent un jeu minimal autorisant le libre pivotement du tampon par rapport au cadre, mais empêchant le coincement du tampon lors du soulèvement de celui-ci.A pivot 16, having the general configuration of a T dimensioned to cooperate with the housing 5 of the frame 1, protrudes radially on the periphery of the pad 4. The pivot 16 has a portion of link 17 extending radially and connected to the buffer, corresponding to the leg of the T, and a pivot shaft part 18 extending transversely to the end of the connection part 17, and corresponding to the crossbar of the T The pivoting shaft part 18 has an approximately cylindrical general shape with a diameter substantially smaller than the diameter of the first region 8 of semi-circular section of the housing 5 of the frame; however, this shaft has a flat 19 formed longitudinally and extending substantially parallel to the main faces of the pad, the transverse dimension of the pivot shaft part 18, perpendicular to the flat 19, being less than the upward opening of region 10 of housing 5 of the frame. In addition, the respective lengths of the pivot shaft part 18 and of the outer part 7 of the housing 5 are such that the opposite facing faces have a minimum clearance allowing the pivoting of the buffer relative to the frame, but preventing the jamming of the tampon when lifting it.

Les Fig. 6 à 9 montrent le pivot 16 engagé dans le logement 5 dans différentes positions fonctionnelles relatives du tampon 4 et du cadre 1.Figs. 6 to 9 show the pivot 16 engaged in the housing 5 in different relative functional positions of the buffer 4 and of the frame 1.

La Fig. 6 montre le tampon 4 en position de fermeture sur le cadre 1. On note que le pivot 16 est raccordé au tampon 4 de manière telle que, dans cette position de fermeture, le pivot 16 ne soit pas en contact avec les parois du logement 5, afin d'éviter les heurts bruyants du tampon contre le cadre lors du passage d'un véhicule. Dans cette position, la partie d'arbre de pivotement 18 s'étend, au moins en partie, sous les lèvres en surplomb 9, lesquelles s'opposent donc à la sortie du pivot 16 hors du logement 5.Fig. 6 shows the pad 4 in the closed position on the frame 1. Note that the pivot 16 is connected to the pad 4 so that, in this closed position, the pivot 16 is not in contact with the walls of the housing 5 , in order to avoid noisy bumps of the buffer against the frame during the passage of a vehicle. In this position, the pivoting shaft part 18 extends, at least in part, under the overhanging lips 9, which therefore oppose the exit of the pivot 16 from the housing 5.

Lorsque le tampon 4 est soulevé en étant saisi en son milieu, le pivot 16 s'abaisse dans le logement 5 jusqu'à ce que la partie d'arbre 18 vienne en contact avec la surface de fond 12 du logement 5. Le tampon pivote ensuite autour de la partie d'arbre 18 en appui sur la surface 13 en même temps que la partie d'arbre 18 est rappelée par gravité vers la zone la plus profonde (raccordement des surfaces 12 et 13) du logement en raison de l'inclinaison de la surface 12 comme représenté à la Fig. 9 ; sur cette figure, on voit mieux que la partie 18 du pivot 16 est en appui uniquement par ses extrémités sur la surface de fond 13 du logement. Le tampon 4 reste en position ouverte avec une inclinaison de 15 à 20° par rapport à la verticale (rotation de 105 à 110°), en occupant la position représentée à la Fig. 7, le pivot 16 reposant d'un côté par sa partie de liaison 17 contre le bord supérieur de la paroi 11 du cadre et de l'autre côté par sa partie d'arbre de liaison 18 contre la face inférieure des lèvres en surplomb 9.When the pad 4 is lifted by being grasped in the middle, the pivot 16 lowers in the housing 5 until the shaft part 18 comes into contact with the bottom surface 12 of the housing 5. The pad pivots then around the shaft part 18 bearing on the surface 13 at the same time as the shaft part 18 is brought back by gravity towards the deepest zone (connection of the surfaces 12 and 13) of the housing due to the inclination of the surface 12 as shown in FIG. 9; in this figure, it is better to see that the part 18 of the pivot 16 is supported only by its ends on the bottom surface 13 of the housing. The pad 4 remains in the open position with an inclination of 15 to 20 ° relative to the vertical (rotation of 105 to 110 °), occupying the position shown in FIG. 7, the pivot 16 resting on one side by its connecting part 17 against the upper edge of the wall 11 of the frame and on the other side by its connecting shaft part 18 against the underside of the lips 9 .

Pour séparer le tampon 4 du cadre 1, ou pour mettre en place le tampon sur le cadre, le tampon est disposé verticalement : la partie d'arbre 18 peut alors s'engager dans l'ouverture surplombant la seconde portion 10 de la partie extérieure 7 du logement 5, comme représenté à la Fig. 8.To separate the pad 4 from the frame 1, or to put the pad on the frame, the pad is arranged vertically: the shaft part 18 can then engage in the opening overhanging the second portion 10 of the outer part 7 of the housing 5, as shown in FIG. 8.

Conformément aux variantes de réalisation représentées aux Fig. 10 à 12, sur lesquelles les références numériques affectées d'un "prime" désignent un organe décrit ci-dessus, mais dans une configuration différente, un logement unique 5′ est prévu dans l'épaisseur du cadre 1′. Ledit logement 5′ présente une forme générale de T en vue de dessus, ouvert vers le haut dans la face supérieure du cadre et débouchant également vers l'intérieur du cadre. La partie 6 du logement 5′ située vers l'intérieur constitue la jambe du T précité et s'étend sensiblement radialement en ayant une profondeur moindre que le reste du logement ; la partie intérieure 6 du logement 5′ forme ainsi un col entre la zone intérieure du cadre et la partie 7′ du logement située vers l'extérieur.In accordance with the variant embodiments shown in FIGS. 10 to 12, on which the reference numerals assigned a "prime" designate a member described above, but in a different configuration, a single housing 5 ′ is provided in the thickness of the frame 1 ′. Said housing 5 ′ has a general shape of T in top view, open upwards in the upper face of the frame and also opening into the inside of the frame. Part 6 of the housing 5 ′ located inwardly constitutes the leg of the aforementioned T and extends substantially radially by having a lesser depth than the rest of the housing; the inner part 6 of the housing 5 ′ thus forms a neck between the inner zone of the frame and the part 7 ′ of the housing located towards the outside.

Cette partie 7′ du logement située vers l'extérieur est allongée sensiblement transversalement à la partie 6 et forme la barre transversale du T précité ; sa profondeur est dans l'ensemble sensiblement supérieure à celle de la partie 6.This part 7 ′ of the housing located towards the outside is elongated substantially transversely to the part 6 and forms the transverse bar of the abovementioned T; its depth is on the whole significantly greater than that of part 6.

Cette partie 7′ présente elle-même trois zones distinctes circonférentiellement :

  • une zone centrale 21 s'étendant radialement depuis la partie 6 jusqu'à la cloison externe 11 du cadre et possédant un fond 22 plat et horizontal ; et
  • deux zones latérales 23 situées de part et d'autre de la zone centrale 21 et possédant chacune un fond 24 qui peut être situé à un niveau sensiblement supérieur à celui du fond 22 de la zone centrale 21, comme représenté aux Fig. 11 et 12 (toutefois cette disposition n'a rien d'obligatoire et les fonds 24 et 22 peuvent être situés à des niveaux sensiblement identiques).
This part 7 ′ itself presents three distinct circumferential zones:
  • a central zone 21 extending radially from the part 6 to the external partition 11 of the frame and having a flat and horizontal bottom 22; and
  • two lateral zones 23 located on either side of the central zone 21 and each having a bottom 24 which can be located at a level substantially higher than that of the bottom 22 of the central zone 21, as shown in Figs. 11 and 12 (however, this provision is not mandatory and funds 24 and 22 can be located at substantially identical levels).

Les deux zones latérales 23 servent de logements recevant les extrémités de la partie d'arbre de pivotement 18 du pivot 16 du tampon 4.The two lateral zones 23 serve as housings receiving the ends of the pivot shaft part 18 of the pivot 16 of the pad 4.

Chacune des zones latérales 23 est agencée de telle sorte qu'elle comporte elle-même deux régions distinctes :

  • une première région 8 située radialement le plus vers l'intérieur et jouxtant la susdite partie 6, cette première région 8 ayant, en section radiale, un contour concave et une profondeur sensiblement supérieure à celle de la partie 6 ; vers son extrémité supérieure, la région 8 est surplombée par une lèvre 9 ;
  • une deuxième région située radialement le plus vers l'extérieur de même dimension longitudinale que la région 8 et surplombée, vers son extrémité supérieure, par une lèvre 25 située en regard de la lèvre 9 précitée.
Each of the lateral zones 23 is arranged so that it itself comprises two distinct regions:
  • a first region 8 located radially inwardly and adjoining said part 6, this first region 8 having, in radial section, a concave contour and a depth substantially greater than that of part 6; towards its upper end, the region 8 is overhung by a lip 9;
  • a second region located radially outwardly of the same longitudinal dimension as the region 8 and overhung, towards its upper end, by a lip 25 situated opposite the aforementioned lip 9.

La Fig. 11 représente une première configuration possible de la partie 7′ du logement 5′ : la première région 8 est ici délimitée, radialement vers l'intérieur, par une paroi 26 qui est concave à courbure continue depuis le fond 24 de la partie 7′ jusqu'à l'extrémité inférieure de la lèvre 9. Dans l'exemple représenté, la paroi 26 présente une partie inférieure 26a en forme de portion de cylindre sensiblement de révolution ayant un rayon de courbure important (de façon relative), surmontée d'une partie supérieure 26b en forme de portion de cylindre sensiblement de révolution ayant un rayon de courbure relativement moindre. Les différentes parois délimitant la partie 7′ du logement 5′ (savoir la paroi 26, le fond 24 et la paroi 27 délimitant la seconde région 10 radialement vers l'extérieur) se raccordent mutuellement par des portions de paroi cylindrique de révolution.Fig. 11 represents a first possible configuration of the part 7 ′ of the housing 5 ′: the first region 8 is here delimited, radially inwards, by a wall 26 which is concave with continuous curvature from the bottom 24 of the part 7 ′ up to 'at the lower end of the lip 9. In the example shown, the wall 26 has a lower part 26a in the form of a portion of cylinder substantially of revolution having a large radius of curvature (relatively), surmounted by a upper part 26 b in the shape of a substantially revolution portion of cylinder having a relatively smaller radius of curvature. The different walls delimiting the part 7 ′ of the housing 5 ′ (namely the wall 26, the bottom 24 and the wall 27 delimiting the second region 10 radially outwards) are connected to each other by portions of cylindrical wall of revolution.

La Fig. 12 représente une seconde configuration possible de la partie 7′ du logement 5′. La première région 8 est délimitée, radialement vers l'intérieur, par une paroi 28 de section polygonale constituée, par exemple, par trois faces successives :

  • une première face inférieure 28a faisant un angle d'environ 111° par rapport au fond 24 ;
  • une deuxième face intermédiaire 28b faisant un angle d'environ 135° par rapport à la première face 28a et,
  • une troisième face 28c formant un angle d'environ 10° sous l'horizontale, cette troisième surface constituant la face inférieure de la lèvre 9 précitée, ces trois faces étant raccordées entre elles et avec le fond 24 par des portions de surface cylindrique de révolution.
Fig. 12 shows a second possible configuration of the part 7 ′ of the housing 5 ′. The first region 8 is delimited, radially inwards, by a wall 28 of polygonal section constituted, for example, by three successive faces:
  • a first lower face 28 a making an angle of approximately 111 ° relative to the bottom 24;
  • a second intermediate face 28b making an angle of approximately 135 ° relative to the first face 28 a and,
  • a third face 28c forming an angle of about 10 ° below the horizontal, this third surface constituting the underside of the aforementioned lip 9, these three faces being connected together and with the bottom 24 by portions of cylindrical surface of revolution .

Pour le reste, la partie 7′ du logement 5′ est constituée comme indiqué plus haut en référence à la Fig. 11.For the rest, the part 7 ′ of the housing 5 ′ is constituted as indicated above with reference to FIG. 11.

Quant au tampon obturateur du regard, il est agencé comme indiqué dans le premier exemple de réalisation en particulier pour ce qui est de son pivot en T qui est engagé dans le logement 5′ du cadre.As for the shutter plug of the gaze, it is arranged as indicated in the first exemplary embodiment in particular as regards its pivot in T which is engaged in the housing 5 ′ of the frame.

Toutefois, en raison de la nouvelle configuration donnée aux parties 7′ du logement 5′, le pivot en T du tampon n'est plus, au cours de l'ouverture ou de la fermeture du tampon, guidé sur la rampe inclinée formée par le fond 13.However, due to the new configuration given to the parts 7 ′ of the housing 5 ′, the T-pivot of the pad is no longer, during the opening or closing of the pad, guided on the inclined ramp formed by the background 13.

Pour autoriser, sans blocage, le mouvement de rotation du tampon par rapport au cadre, on prévoit donc un chanfrein 29, dans la région avoisinant le logement 5′, sur la partie supérieure de la face intérieure du cadre. Ce chanfrein présente une inclinaison d'environ 45° par rapport à la verticale, c'est-à-dire qu'il est approximativement parallèle (dans l'exemple de réalisation de la Fig. 12) à la surface 28b précitée.To allow, without blocking, the rotational movement of the buffer relative to the frame, a chamfer 29 is therefore provided, in the region around the housing 5 ′, on the upper part of the inner face of the frame. This chamfer has an inclination of about 45 ° relative to the vertical, that is to say it is approximately parallel (in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 12) to the surface 28 b supra.

Claims (14)

1. Manhole assembly, in particular having a generally circular shape, comprising a frame (1, 1′) and a sealing plug (4) supported by the said frame, the manhole assembly being provided with a hinge means (5, 5′, 16) comprising at least one hinge connecting, in a removable manner, the plug to the frame on the periphery of these and enabling the raising of the plug with respect to the frame by pivoting about the hinge means, the said hinge substantially having the general shape of a T, on the one hand comprising a housing (5, 5′) substantially having the general shape of a T, made in a peripheral region of the frame, and on the other hand a pivot lug (16) substantially having the general shape of a T and having a crossbar (18), supported by a peripheral region of the plug and engaging in the said housing, the radially innermost part (6) of the housing (5, 5′), corresponding to the leg of the T, having a depth less than the rest of the said housing, thus forming a neck between the inner part of the frame and this housing, the radially outermost part (7, 7′) of the housing, corresponding to the crossbar of the T, having a depth greater than that of the neck and having, on the one hand, a first portion (8) located radially towards the interior and adjoining the said neck and having, in radial section, a concave shape turned towards the interior, the longitudinal end parts of this first portion being overhung by retaining lips (9) and, on the other hand, a second portion (10) located radially towards the exterior, whereof the base (12) is connected in continuous manner to the base (13) of the first portion, the second portion (10) comprising an upper opening over its whole length, characterized in that the pivot lug (16) projects with respect to the peripheral region of the frame, in that the crossbar (18) of the said pivot lug is cylindrical and has a circular section, smaller in dimension than the concavely shaped housing forming the first portion (8), and larger in diameter than the width of the said upper opening of the second portion (10), and in that the crossbar has a flat area (19) parallel to the main faces of the plug, the dimension of this crossbar perpendicular with respect to the flat area (19) being smaller than the width of the said upper opening.
2. Manhole assembly according to Claim 1, characterized in that the first portion (8) located radially towards the interior and belonging to the radially outermost part (7) of the housing (5) has a depth greater than that of the neck formed by the radially innermost part (6) of the housing (5) and has, in radial section, substantially the shape of an arc extending over at most 90° in its middle zone located opposite the said neck and over approximately 180° in its end zones, in that the second portion (10) located radially outermost (7) of the housing (5) has a depth smaller than that of the said first portion (8), and in that the base (12) of the second portion (10) located radially towards the exterior slopes downwards in the direction of the base (13) of the said first portion (8) located radially towards the front.
3. Manhole assembly according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the projecting pivot lug (16) and the housing (5) are respectively arranged on the plug and in the frame 'in such a manner that, when the manhole assembly is closed and the plug is seated on the frame, the pivot lug has no point of contact with the housing, and in that only when the plug is raised does the shaft part (18) of the pivot lug (16) bear solely by means of its ends on the base surfaces (12, 13) of the second and first portions of the radially outermost part (7) of the housing.
4. Manhole assembly according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that there is only one hinge, the part thereof forming the leg of the T extending substantially radially, and in that the lateral faces opposing, at the ends of the cross branch of the T, the pivot lug and the housing are spaced from one another with a minimum play in order to prevent a jamming of the plug in the course of its movement with respect to the frame.
5. Manhole assembly according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the T-shaped housing (5) is made in the thickness of the frame.
6. Manhole assembly according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the respective dimensions of the housing (5) and of the pivot lug (16) are such that the plug (4) is retained, by a double bearing of the pivot lug in the housing, in an opened position forming an angle of approximately 105 to 110° with respect to its closed position.
7. Manhole assembly according to Claim 1, characterized in that the radially outermost part (7′) of the housing (5′) comprises a central zone (21) extending substantially in the elongation of the said neck, which has a substantially flat and horizontal base (22) and two lateral zones (23) flanking this central zone and each having the above-mentioned first portion (8) located radially towards the interior and second portion (10) located radially towards the exterior, and the base of this first portion (8) and the base of this second portion (10), in each of the lateral zones, being connected in continuous manner to one another by a substantially flat and horizontal surface (24).
8. Manhole assembly according to Claims 1 and 7, characterized in that the second portion (10) located radially towards the exterior of each lateral zone (23) is overhung by a retaining lip (25) located opposite the retaining lip (9) overhanging the longitudinal-end parts of the first portion (8) located radially towards the interior and projecting towards the interior on the external wall (11) of the frame.
9. Manhole assembly according to Claim 1, 7 or 8, characterized in that in each lateral zone, the above-mentioned first portion (8) located radially towards the interior has, in radial section, a polygonal shape extending over approximately 180°.
10. Manhole assembly according to Claim 8, characterized in that the above-mentioned polygonal shape is formed, starting from the base, by a first face (28a) inclined at approximately 111° with respect to the base, by a second face (28b) forming an angle of approximately 135° with respect to the first face, and a third face (28c) forming an angle of approximately 10° below the horizontal, this third face forming the lower face of the retaining lip (9).
11. Manhole assembly according to Claim 10, characterized in that the faces (28a, 28b, 28c) are connected to one another and to the base (24) by way of curved surfaces.
12. Manhole assembly according to any one of Claims 1, 7 to 11, characterized in that the internal face of the frame (1′) located opposite the sealing plug is provided, in the zone of the hinge means, with a chamfer (29) at its upper edge.
13. Manhole assembly according to Claims 10 and 12, characterized in that the chamfer (29) is inclined by approximately 45° with respect to the vertical.
14. Manhole assembly characterized in that, a soundproofing gasket (3) being interposed between the frame (1) and the plug (4), the pivot lug (16) has no point of contact with the walls of the housing (5) made in the thickness of the frame (1).
EP88470005A 1987-04-07 1988-04-01 Manhole with a t-shaped hinge Expired - Lifetime EP0286562B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88470005T ATE73514T1 (en) 1987-04-07 1988-04-01 STREET MANHOLE WITH T-SHAPED HINGE.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8704885A FR2613742B1 (en) 1987-04-07 1987-04-07 LOOK AT T-HINGE PAVEMENT
FR8704885 1987-04-07
FR8717571A FR2624897B2 (en) 1987-04-07 1987-12-16 IMPROVEMENTS TO THE T-HINGED LOOK
FR8717571 1987-12-16

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0286562A2 EP0286562A2 (en) 1988-10-12
EP0286562A3 EP0286562A3 (en) 1989-03-01
EP0286562B1 true EP0286562B1 (en) 1992-03-11

Family

ID=26225905

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88470005A Expired - Lifetime EP0286562B1 (en) 1987-04-07 1988-04-01 Manhole with a t-shaped hinge

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US4840514A (en)
EP (1) EP0286562B1 (en)
CA (1) CA1289800C (en)
DE (1) DE3868963D1 (en)
DK (1) DK168401B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2028773T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3004123T3 (en)
IE (1) IE60208B1 (en)
NO (1) NO175685C (en)
PT (1) PT87156B (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2028773T1 (en) 1992-07-16
CA1289800C (en) 1991-10-01
EP0286562A3 (en) 1989-03-01
NO881460D0 (en) 1988-04-06
IE60208B1 (en) 1994-06-15
GR3004123T3 (en) 1993-03-31
IE881025L (en) 1988-10-07
DK168401B1 (en) 1994-03-21
PT87156A (en) 1989-05-12
DK183288A (en) 1988-10-08
DK183288D0 (en) 1988-04-05
DE3868963D1 (en) 1992-04-16
US4840514A (en) 1989-06-20
NO175685B (en) 1994-08-08
NO175685C (en) 1994-11-16
PT87156B (en) 1993-09-30
ES2028773T3 (en) 1992-10-16
EP0286562A2 (en) 1988-10-12
NO881460L (en) 1988-10-10

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