Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3769—(Co)polymerised monomers containing nitrogen, e.g. carbonamides, nitriles or amines
  • C11D3/3776—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. lactam
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0021—Dye-stain or dye-transfer inhibiting compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
  • C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
  • C11D3/225—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin etherified, e.g. CMC
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
  • C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
  • C11D3/227—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin with nitrogen-containing groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3719—Polyamides or polyimides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3723—Polyamines or polyalkyleneimines

Definitions

• compositions in either liquid or granular form, for use in laundry applications, wherein the compositions comp ⁇ se certain dye maintenance polymers that have a net positive charge.
• a standardized test is provided that determines the dye maintenance parameter for any given polymer.
• Compositions comprising the dye maintenance polymers of this invention impart appearance and integrity benefits to fab ⁇ cs and textiles laundered m washing solutions formed from such compositions.
• Short fibers are dislodged from woven and knit fab ⁇ c/textile structures by the mechanical action of launde ⁇ ng. These dislodged fibers may form lint, fuzz or "pills" which are visible on the surface of fab ⁇ cs and diminish the appearance of newness of the fab ⁇ c. Further, repeated launde ⁇ ng of fab ⁇ cs and textiles, especially with bleach-contaming laundry products, can remove dye from fab ⁇ cs and textiles and impart a faded, worn out appearance as a result of diminished color intensity, and in many ca,ses, as a result of changes in hues or shades of color.
• the present invention is directed to a detergent composition
• a detergent composition comprising: a) from about 4% to about 70% of a surfactant that is preferably selected from the group consisting of nonionic, anionic, cationic, amphoteric, zwitterionic surfactants and mixtures thereof, and is even more preferably an anionic surfactant; b) from about 0.01% to about 10%, preferably from about 0.1%) to about 8%, more preferably from about 0.5% to about 6%, and most preferably from about 0.8% to about 5% of a dye maintenance polymer or oligomer having at least three net positive charges per molecule and having a Dye Maintenance Parameter, as determined by the Dye Maintenance Parameter Test, of greater than about 0.23, preferably greater than about
• the dye maintenance polymer is not a polyethyleneimine or alkoxylated derivative thereof.
• a fabric conditioning composition comprising: a) from about 1% to about 80% of a fabric softening active; and b) from about 0.01% to about 50%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 40%), more preferably from about 0.5% to about 30%, and most preferably from about 0.8% to about 20% of a dye maintenance polymer or oligomer having at least three net positive charges per molecule and having a Dye Maintenance Parameter, as determined by the Dye Maintenance Parameter Test, of greater than about 0.23, preferably greater than about 0.6 more preferably greater than about 0.8 and most preferably greater than about 0.9.
• the dye maintenance polymer is not a polyethyleneimine or alkoxylated derivative thereof.
• a laundry additive composition comprising: a) from about 1% to about 99% by weight of water; and b) from about 0.01% to about 50%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 40%, more preferably from about 0.5% to about 30%, and most preferably from about 0.8% to about 20% of a dye maintenance polymer or oligomer having at least three net positive charges per molecule and having a Dye Maintenance Parameter, as determined by the Dye Maintenance Parameter Test, of greater than about 0.23, preferably greater than about 0.6 more preferably greater than about 0.8 and most preferably greater than about 0.9.
• the dye maintenance polymer is not a polyethyleneimine or alkoxylated derivative thereof.
• the laundry detergent compositions herein comprise from about 0.01%o to 80% by weight of an organic or inorganic detergency builder and other conventional laundry detergent products.
• the fabric softener compositions herein comprise pH adjusters, other carriers and adjunct ingredients.
• Aqueous solutions of the dye maintenance polymers of this invention comprise from about
• the present invention relates to the laundering or treating of fabrics and textiles in aqueous washing, rinsing, or treating solutions formed from effective amounts of any of the detergent compositions, fabric softener compositions, or aqueous solution treatments described herein, or formed from the individual components of such compositions.
• Such benefits can include improved overall appearance, pill/fuzz reduction, antifading, improved abrasion resistance, and/or enhanced softness. It has been surprisingly determined that the dye maintenance polymers of this invention impart fabric appearance and integrity benefits that are greater than the benefits achieved by a corresponding amount of either component by itself.
• the dye maintenance polymers of this invention can be used in any fabric laundering process and provide certain appearance benefits to the fabrics laundered in these processes. Such fabric appearance benefits can include, for example, improved overall appearance of the laundered fabrics, reduction of the formation of pills and fuzz, protection against color fading, improved abrasion resistance, etc.
• the dye maintenance polymers used in the compositions and methods herein can provide such fabric appearance benefits with acceptably little or no loss in cleaning performance provided by the laundry detergent compositions into which such materials are incorporated.
• an oligomer is a molecule consisting of only a few monomer units while polymers comprise considerably more monomer units.
• oligomers are defined as molecules having an average molecular weight below about 1,000 and polymers are molecules having an average molecular weight of greater than about 1,000.
• Copolymers are polymers or oligomers wherein two or more dissimilar monomers have been simultaneously or sequentially polymerized.
• Copolymers of the present invention can include, for example, polymers or oligomers polymerized from a polyfunctional alkylating agent such as epichlorohydrin with a mixture of a cyclic amine-based monomer, e.g., piperazine and another cyclic amine-based monomer, e.g., morpholine.
• a polyfunctional alkylating agent such as epichlorohydrin
• a mixture of a cyclic amine-based monomer e.g., piperazine and another cyclic amine-based monomer, e.g., morpholine.
• Cationic polymers in general and their method of manufacture are know. For example, a detailed description of cationic polymers can be found in an article by M. Fred Hoover that was published in the Journal of Macromolecular Science-Chemistry, A4(6), pp 1327-1417, October, 1970. The entire disclosure of the Hoover article is incorporated herein by reference. The dye maintenance polymers of this invention will be better understood when read in light of the Hoover article, the present disclosure and the Examples herein.
• Table A lists 6 patent applications that describe various dye maintenance polymers according to this invention, methods of making these polymers and methods of using them. The entire disclosure of each of the applications listed in Table A is incorporated herein by reference.
• the present laundry detergent and additive compositions can include common detergent adjuvants as defined in greater detail below.
• the detergent compositions of this invention include a surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionic, anionic, cationic, amphoteric, zwitterionic surfactants and mixtures thereof.
• a surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionic, anionic, cationic, amphoteric, zwitterionic surfactants and mixtures thereof.
• at least about 4% by weight of the surfactant is an anionic surfactant.
• the most common detergent ingredients that are preferred for use in the present invention include: detersive enzymes, preferably cellulase and preferably an enzyme stabilization system; an inorganic peroxygen bleaching compound, which is preferably selected from the group consisting of alkali metal salts of perborate, percarbonate and mixtures thereof, and a bleach activator, which is preferably nonanoyloxybenzene sulfonate.
• detersive enzymes preferably cellulase and preferably an enzyme stabilization system
• an inorganic peroxygen bleaching compound which is preferably selected from the group consisting of alkali metal salts of perborate, percarbonate and mixtures thereof
• a bleach activator which is preferably nonanoyloxybenzene sulfonate.
• the laundry additive compositions of this invention preferably comprise a pH adjuster and one or more fabric softening components.
• the detergent compositions herein comprise from about 4% to 80% by weight of a detersive surfactant. Preferably such compositions comprise from about 5% to 50% by weight of surfactant.
• Detersive surfactants utilized can be of the anionic, nonionic, zwitterionic, ampholytic or cationic type or can comprise compatible mixtures of these types.
• Detergent surfactants useful herein are described in U.S. Patent 3,664,961, Norris, issued May 23, 1972, U.S. Patent 3,919,678, Laughlin et al., issued December 30, 1975, U.S. Patent 4,222,905, Cockrell, issued September 16, 1980, and in U.S. Patent 4,239,659, Murphy, issued December 16, 1980. All of these patents are incorporated herein by reference. Of all the surfactants, anionics and nonionics are preferred.
• Useful anionic surfactants can themselves be of several different types.
• water-soluble salts of the higher fatty acids i.e., "soaps”
• alkali metal soaps such as the sodium, potassium, ammonium, and alkylolarnmonium salts of higher fatty acids containing from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, and preferably from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms.
• non-soap anionic surfactants which are suitable for use herein include the water- soluble salts, preferably the alkali metal, and ammonium salts, of organic sulfuric reaction products having in their molecular structure an alkyl group containing from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms and a sulfonic acid or sulfuric acid ester group.
• alkyl is the alkyl portion of acyl groups.
• Especially valuable are linear straight chain alkylbenzene sulfonates in which the average number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is from about 11 to 13, abbreviated as Ci 1.13 LAS.
• Preferred nonionic surfactants are those of the formula R. (OC2H4) n OH, wherein R 1 is a Ci Q-C ⁇ g alkyl group or a Cg-Ci 2 a lkyl phenyl group, and n is from 3 to about 80.
• Particularly preferred are condensation products of C12-C15 alcohols with from about 5 to about 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol, e.g., C12-C13 alcohol condensed with about 6.5 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol.
• the detergent compositions herein may also comprise from about 0.1% to 80% by weight of a detergent builder.
• a detergent builder Preferably such compositions in liquid form will comprise from about 1% to 10% by weight of the builder component.
• Preferably such compositions in granular form will comprise from about 1% to 50% by weight of the builder component.
• Detergent builders are well known in the art and can comprise, for example, phosphate salts as well as various organic and inorganic nonphosphorus builders.
• Water-soluble, nonphosphorus organic builders useful herein include the various alkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium polyacetates, carboxylates, polycarboxylates and polyhydroxy sulfonates.
• Suitable polycarboxylates for use herein are the polyacetal carboxylates described in U.S. Patent 4,144,226, issued March 13, 1979 to Crutchfield et al., and U.S. Patent 4,246,495, issued March 27, 1979 to Crutchfield et al., both of which are incorporated herein by reference.
• Particularly preferred polycarboxylate builders are the oxydisuccinates and the ether carboxylate builder compositions comprising a combination of tartrate monosuccinate and tartrate disuccinate described in U.S. Patent 4,663,071, Bush et al., issued May 5, 1987, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
• nonphosphorus, inorganic builders include the silicates, aluminosilicates, borates and carbonates. Particularly preferred are sodium and potassium carbonate, bicarbonate, sesquicarbonate, tetraborate decahydrate, and silicates having a weight ratio of SiC>2 to alkali metal oxide of from about 0.5 to about 4.0, preferably from about 1.0 to about 2.4. Also preferred are aluminosilicates including zeolites. Such materials and their use as detergent builders are more fully discussed in Corkill et al., U. S. Patent No. 4,605,509, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Also discussed in U. S. Patent No. 4,605,509 are crystalline layered silicates which are suitable for use in the detergent compositions of this invention.
• builders and dye maintenance polymers of the detergent compositions of the present invention can also include any number of additional optional ingredients.
• additional optional ingredients include conventional detergent composition components such as enzymes and enzyme stabilizing agents, suds boosters or suds suppressers, anti-tarnish and anticorrosion agents, bleaching agents, soil suspending agents, soil release agents, germicides, pH adjusting agents, non-builder alkalinity sources, chelating agents, organic and inorganic fillers, solvents, hydrotropes, optical brighteners, dyes and perfumes.
• pH adjusting agents may be necessary in certain applications where the pH of the wash solution is greater than about 10.0 because the fabric integrity benefits of the defined compositions begin to diminish at a higher pH.
• a pH adjuster should be used to reduce the pH of the washing solution to below about 10.0, preferably to a pH of below about 9.5 and most preferably below about 7.5.
• Suitable pH adjusters will be known to those skilled in the art.
• a preferred optional ingredients for incorporation into the detergent compositions herein comprises a bleaching agent, e.g., a peroxygen bleach.
• a bleaching agent e.g., a peroxygen bleach.
• peroxygen bleaching agents may be organic or inorganic in nature. Inorganic peroxygen bleaching agents are frequently utilized in combination with a bleach activator.
• Useful organic peroxygen bleaching agents include percarboxylic acid bleaching agents and salts thereof. Suitable examples of this class of agents include magnesium monoperoxyphthalate hexahydrate, the magnesium salt of metachloro perbenzoic acid, 4-nonylamino-4- oxoperoxybutyric acid and diperoxydodecanedioic acid.
• Such bleaching agents are disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,483,781, Hartman, Issued November 20, 1984; European Patent Application EP-A- 133,354, Banks et al., Published February 20, 1985; and U.S. Patent 4,412,934, Chung et al., Issued November 1, 1983.
• Highly preferred bleaching agents also include 6-nonylamino-6- oxoperoxycaproic acid (NAPAA) as described in U.S. Patent 4,634,551, Issued January 6, 1987 to Burns et al.
• NAPAA 6-nonylamino-6- oxoperoxycaproic acid
• Inorganic peroxygen bleaching agents may also be used, generally in particulate form, in the detergent compositions herein.
• Inorganic bleaching agents are in fact preferred.
• Such inorganic peroxygen compounds include alkali metal perborate and percarbonate materials.
• sodium perborate e.g. mono- or tetra-hydrate
• Suitable inorganic bleaching agents can also include sodium or potassium carbonate peroxyhydrate and equivalent "percarbonate" bleaches, sodium pyrophosphate peroxyhydrate, urea peroxyhydrate, and sodium peroxide.
• Persulfate bleach e.g., OXONE, manufactured commercially by DuPont
• OXONE manufactured commercially by DuPont
• inorganic peroxygen bleaches will be coated with silicate, borate, sulfate or water-soluble surfactants.
• coated percarbonate particles are available from various commercial sources such as FMC, Solvay Interox, Tokai Denka and Degussa.
• Inorganic peroxygen bleaching agents e.g., the perborates, the percarbonates, etc.
• bleach activators which lead to the in situ production in aqueous solution (i.e., during use of the compositions herein for fabric laundering/bleaching) of the peroxy acid corresponding to the bleach activator.
• Various non-limiting examples of activators are disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,915,854, Issued April 10, 1990 to Mao et al.; and U.S. Patent 4,412,934 Issued November 1, 1983 to Chung et al.
• NOBS nonanoyloxybenzene sulfonate
• TAED tetraacetyl ethylene diamine
• R 1 N(R 5 )C(0)R 2 C(0)L or R 1 C(0)N(R 5 )R 2 C(0)L wherein R* is an alkyl group containing from about 6 to about 12 carbon atoms, R 2 is an alkylene containing from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, R ⁇ is H or alkyl, aryl, or alkaryl containing from about 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, and L is any suitable leaving group.
• a leaving group is any group that is displaced from the bleach activator as a consequence of the nucleophihc attack on the bleach activator by the perhydrolysis anion.
• a preferred leaving group is phenol sulfonate.
• bleach activators of the above formulae include (6-octanamido- caproyl)oxybenzenesulfonate, (6-nonanamidocaproyl) oxybenzene-sul-fonate, (6-decanamido- caproyl)oxybenzenesulfonate and mixtures thereof as described in the hereinbefore referenced U.S. Patent 4,634,551.
• Another class of useful bleach activators comprises the benzoxazin-type activators disclosed by Hodge et al. in U.S. Patent 4,966, 723, Issued October 30, 1990, incorporated herein by reference. See also U.S. Patent 4,545,784, Issued to Sanderson, October 8, 1985, incorporated herein by reference, which discloses acyl caprolactams, including benzoyl caprolactam, adsorbed into sodium perborate.
• peroxygen bleaching agent will generally comprise from about 2% to 30% by weight of the detergent compositions herein. More preferably, peroxygen bleaching agent will comprise from about 2% to 20% by weight of the compositions. Most preferably, peroxygen bleaching agent will be present to the extent of from about 3% to 15% by weight of the compositions herein.
• bleach activators can comprise from about 2% to 10% by weight of the detergent compositions herein. Frequently, activators are employed such that the molar ratio of bleaching agent to activator ranges from about 1:1 to 10:1, more preferably from about 1.5:1 to 5:1.
• a detersive enzyme component Another highly preferred optional ingredient in the detergent compositions herein is a detersive enzyme component.
• Enzymes can be included in the present detergent compositions for a variety of purposes, including removal of protein-based, carbohydrate-based, or triglyceride-based stains from substrates, for the prevention of refugee dye transfer in fabric laundering, and for fabric restoration.
• Suitable enzymes include proteases, amylases, lipases, cellulases, peroxidases, and mixtures thereof of any suitable origin, such as vegetable, animal, bacterial, fungal and yeast origin. Preferred selections are influenced by factors such as pH- activity and/or stability, optimal thermostability, and stability to active detergents, builders and the like.
• bacterial or fungal enzymes are preferred, such as bacterial amylases and proteases, and fungal cellulases.
• Detersive enzyme means any enzyme having a cleaning, stain removing or otherwise beneficial effect in a laundry detergent composition.
• Preferred enzymes for laundry purposes include, but are not limited to, proteases, cellulases, lipases, amylases and peroxidases. Enzymes are normally incorporated into detergent compositions at levels sufficient to provide a "cleaning-effective amount".
• cleaning-effective amount refers to any amount capable of producing a cleaning, stain removal, soil removal, whitening, deodorizing, or freshness improving effect on substrates such as fabrics. In practical terms for current commercial preparations, typical amounts are up to about 5 mg by weight, more typically 0.01 mg to 3 mg, of active enzyme per gram of the detergent composition.
• compositions herein will typically comprise from 0.001% to 5%, preferably 0.01%-1%> by weight of a commercial enzyme preparation.
• Protease enzymes are usually present in such commercial preparations at levels sufficient to provide from 0.005 to 0.1 Anson units (AU) of activity per gram of composition. Higher active levels may be desirable in highly concentrated detergent formulations.
• Cellulases usable herein include those disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,435,307, Barbesgoard et al., March 6, 1984, and GB-A-2.075.028; GB-A-2.095.275 and DE-OS-2.247.832.
• the enzyme-containing compositions herein may optionally also comprise from about 0.001% to about 10%, preferably from about 0.005%> to about 8%>, most preferably from about 0.01% to about 6%, by weight of an enzyme stabilizing system.
• the enzyme stabilizing system can be any stabilizing system which is compatible with the detersive enzyme. Such a system may be inherently provided by other formulation actives, or be added separately, e.g., by the formulator or by a manufacturer of detergent-ready enzymes.
• Such stabilizing systems can, for example, comprise calcium ion, boric acid, propylene glycol, short chain carboxylic acids, boronic acids, and mixtures thereof, and are designed to address different stabilization problems depending on the type and physical form of the detergent composition. Deterzent Composition Preparation
• the detergent compositions according to the present invention can be in liquid, paste or granular form. Such compositions can be prepared by combining the essential and optional components in the requisite concentrations in any suitable order and by any conventional means.
• the forgoing description of uses for the dye maintenance polymers defined herein are intended to be exemplary and other uses will be apparent to those skilled in the art and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
• Granular compositions are generally made by combining base granule ingredients, e.g., surfactants, builders, water, etc., as a slurry, and spray drying the resulting slurry to a low level of residual moisture (5-12%).
• base granule ingredients e.g., surfactants, builders, water, etc.
• the remaining dry ingredients e.g., granules of the essential dye maintenance polymers
• the liquid ingredients e.g., solutions of the essential dye maintenance polymers, enzymes, binders and perfumes, can be sprayed onto the resulting granules to form the finished detergent composition.
• Granular compositions according to the present invention can also be in "compact form", i.e. they may have a relatively higher density than conventional granular detergents, i.e. from 550 to 950 gA.
• the granular detergent compositions according to the present invention will contain a lower amount of "inorganic filler salt", compared to conventional granular detergents; typical filler salts are alkaline earth metal salts of sulphates and chlorides, typically sodium sulphate; "compact" detergents typically comprise not more than 10% filler salt.
• Liquid detergent compositions can be prepared by admixing the essential and optional ingredients thereof in any desired order to provide compositions containing components in the requisite concentrations.
• Liquid compositions according to the present invention can also be in "compact form", in such case, the liquid detergent compositions according to the present invention will contain a lower amount of water, compared to conventional liquid detergents. Addition of the dye maintenance polymers to liquid detergent or other aqueous compositions of this invention may be accomplished by simply mixing into the liquid solutions the desired dye maintenance polymers.
• the present invention also provides a method for laundering fabrics in a manner which imparts fabric appearance benefits provided by the dye maintenance polymers used herein.
• Such a method employs contacting these fabrics with an aqueous washing solution formed from an effective amount of the detergent compositions hereinbefore described or formed from the individual components of such compositions. Contacting of fabrics with washing solution will generally occur under conditions of agitation although the compositions of the present invention may also be used to form aqueous unagitated soaking solutions for fabric cleaning and treatment.
• the washing solution have a pH of less than about 10.0, preferably it has a pH of about 9.5 and most preferably it has a pH of about 7.5.
• Agitation is preferably provided in a washing machine for good cleaning. Washing is preferably followed by drying the wet fabric in a conventional clothes dryer.
• An effective amount of a high density liquid or granular detergent composition in the aqueous wash solution in the washing machine is preferably from about 500 to about 7000 ppm, more preferably from about 1000 to about 3000 ppm.
• the dye maintenance polymers hereinbefore described as components of the laundry detergent compositions herein may also be used to treat and condition fabrics and textiles in the absence of the detersive surfactant and builder components of the detergent composition embodiments of this invention.
• a fabric conditioning composition comprising a fabric softener and the dye maintenance polymer or a fabric treatment composition comprising only the dye maintenance polymers themselves, or comprising an aqueous solution of the dye maintenance polymers, may be added during the rinse cycle of a conventional home laundering operation in order to impart the desired fabric appearance and integrity benefits hereinbefore described.
• the fabric softener compositions of the present invention comprise at least about 1%, preferably from about 8%, more preferably from about 20% to about 80%, more preferably to about 60%, most preferably to about 45% by weight, of the composition of one or more fabric softener actives.
• the preferred fabric softening actives according to the present invention are amines having the formula:
• each R is independently C ⁇ -Cg alkyl, Ci -C6 hydroxyalkyl, benzyl, and mixtures thereof;
• R ⁇ is preferably C ⁇ 1-C22 linear alkyl, C ⁇ 1-C22 branched alkyl, Ci 1-C22 linear alkenyl, Ci 1 -C22 branched alkenyl, and mixtures thereof;
• Q is a carbonyl moiety independently selected from the units having the formula:
• R 2 is hydrogen, Ci -C4 alkyl, preferably hydrogen;
• R- is Ci -C4 alkyl, preferably hydrogen or methyl;
• Q has the formula:
• X is a softener compatible anion, preferably the anion of a strong acid, for example, chloride, bromide, methylsulfate, ethylsulfate, sulfate, nitrate and mixtures thereof, more preferably chloride and methyl sulfate.
• the anion can also, but less preferably, carry a double charge, in which case X represents half a group.
• the index m has a value of from 1 to 3; the index n has a value of from 1 to 4, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 2.
• One embodiment of the present invention provides for amines and quaternized amines having two or more different values for the index n per molecule, for example, a softener active prepared from the starting amine methyl(3-aminopropyl)(2-hydroxyethyl)amine.
• More preferred softener actives according to the present invention have the formula:
• Suitable fatty acyl moieties for use in the softener actives of the present invention are derived from sources of triglycerides including tallow, vegetable oils and/or partially hydrogenated vegetable oils including inter alia canola oil, safflower oil, peanut oil, sunflower oil, corn oil, soybean oil, tall oil, rice bran oil. Yet more preferred are the Diester
• the formulator can choose any of the above mentioned sources of fatty acyl moieties, or alternatively, the formulator can mix sources of triglyceride to form a "customized blend".
• the fatty acyl composition may vary, as in the case of vegetable oil, from crop to crop, or from variety of vegetable oil source to variety of vegetable oil source.
• DEQA's which are prepared using fatty acids derived from natural sources are preferred.
• a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides softener actives comprising R units which have at least about 3%, preferably at least about 5%, more preferably at least about 10%, most preferably at least about 15% C ⁇ 1-C22 alkenyl, including polyalkenyl (polyunsaturated) units inter alia oleic, linoleic, linolenic.
• mixed chain fatty acyl units is defined as "a mixture of fatty acyl units comprising alkyl and alkenyl chains having from 10 carbons to 22 carbon atoms including the carbonyl carbon atom, and in the case of alkenyl chains, from one to three double bonds, preferably all double bonds in the cis configuration".
• Rl units of the present invention it is preferred that at least a substantial percentage of the fatty acyl groups are unsaturated, e.g., from about 25%, preferably from about 50% to about 70%), preferably to about 65%.
• the total level of fabric softening active containing polyunsaturated fatty acyl groups can be from about 3%, preferably from about 5%, more preferably from about 10% to about 30%, preferably to about 25%, more preferably to about 18%.
• cis and trans isomers can be used, preferably with a cis I trans ratio is of from 1 :1, preferably at least 3:1, and more preferably from about 4:1 to about 50:1, more preferably about 20: 1 , however, the minimum being 1 :1.
• the level of unsaturation contained within the tallow, canola, or other fatty acyl unit chain can be measured by the Iodine Value (IV) of the corresponding fatty acid, which in the present case should preferably be in the range of from 5 to 100 with two categories of compounds being distinguished, having a IV below or above 25. Indeed, for compounds having the formula:
• a cis I trans isomer weight ratio greater than about 30/70, preferably greater than about 50/50 and more preferably greater than about 70/30 provides optimal concentrability.
• a further preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises DEQA's wherein the average Iodine Value for R is approximately 45.
• the R! units suitable for use in the isotropic liquids present invention can be further characterized in that the Iodine Value (IV) of the parent fatty acid, said IV is preferably from about 10, more preferably from about 50, most preferably from about 70, to a value of about 140, preferably to about 130, more preferably to about 115.
• formulators may wish to add an amount of fatty acyl units which have Iodine Values outside the range listed herein above. For example, "hardened stock" (IV less than or equal to about 10) may be combined with the source of fatty acid admixture to adjust the properties of the final softener active.
• a prefered source of fatty acyl units especially fatty acyl units having branching, for example, "Guerbet branching", methyl, ethyl, etc. units substituted along the primary alkyl chain
• synthetic sources of fatty acyl units are also suitable.
• the formulator may with to add one or more fatty acyl units having a methyl branch at a "non-naturally occuring" position, for example, at the third carbon of a Ci 7 chain.
• acyl units whihc are not found in significant (greater than about 0.1%) quantities is common fats and oils which serve as feedstocks for the source of triglycerides described herein.” If the desired branched chain fatty acyl unit is unavailable from readily available natural feedstocks, therefore, synthetic fatty acid can be suitably admixed with other synthetic materials or with other natural triglyceride derived sources of acyl units.
• N,N-di(tallowoyl-oxy-ethyl)-N,N-dimethyl ammonium chloride where the tallow chains are at least partially unsaturated and N,N-di(canoloyl-oxy-ethyl)-N,N- dimethyl ammonium chloride, N,N-di(tallowyl-oxy-ethyl)-N-methyl, N-(2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium methyl sulfate; N,N-di(canolyl-oxy-ethyl)-N-methyl, N-(2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium methyl sulfate; and mixtures thereof.
• DMP Dye Maintenance Parameter
• EXAMPLE II Calculation of the Average Charge Per Molecule While there are many ways to calculate the charge density of a polymeric material known to those skilled in the analytical arts, one such method is as follows. Specifically, the charge density for molecules with a known chemical structure, is determined by a standard acid-base titration or a potentiometric titration to give charge to mass ratio. Charge density can then be converted to an average charge per molecule by determining the average molecular weight of the material and simply dividing the charge density by the average molecular weight to determine the average number of positive charges per molecule.
• molecular weight is determined standard techniques such as mass spectrosocpy.
• molecular weight is determined by gel permeation chromatography. These methods are described in analytical text books such as "Instrumental Methods of Analysis” by Willard, Merritt, Dean, and Settle.
• EXAMPLE III TABLE III comprises numerous examples according to the present invention along with some comparitive examples of material known to the art of laundry detergents. The chemical structures shown in the examples below are idealized structures. Side reactions expected to occur during the condensation are not shown.
• Fabric Softener Test Composition Preparation Several fabric softener compositions are prepared containing one or more dye maintenance polymer having a DMP according to this invention. Such fabric softener compositions can have any of the following basic formulae:
• N,N-di(tallowyl-oxy-ethyl)-N,N-dimethyl ammonium chloride (tallowyl having an IN. of 18).
• N,N-di(canoyloxyethyl)-N-2-hydroxyethyl-N-methyl ammonium methyl sulfate available from Witco.
• Trimethyl pentanediol available from Eastman Chemical.
• Minors can include perfume, dye, acid, preservatives, etc.
• aqueous Treatment Composition Preparation Several aqueous treatment compositions are prepared containing one or more dye maintenance polymer having a DMP according to this invention. Such treatment compositions can have any of the following basic formulae:
• Suitable enzymes include cellulase, lipase, protease, peroxidase, and mixtures thereof. 9. N,N'-bis(propyleneamino)-l,4-piperazine.

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