EP1110637B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1110637B1
EP1110637B1 EP00127774A EP00127774A EP1110637B1 EP 1110637 B1 EP1110637 B1 EP 1110637B1 EP 00127774 A EP00127774 A EP 00127774A EP 00127774 A EP00127774 A EP 00127774A EP 1110637 B1 EP1110637 B1 EP 1110637B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
process according
metal tubes
cross
metal
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00127774A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1110637A2 (fr
EP1110637A3 (fr
Inventor
Udo Dr. Müller
Walter Weh
Karel Dr. Mazac
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Salzgitter AG
KUKA Systems GmbH
Original Assignee
Salzgitter AG
KUKA Schweissanlagen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Salzgitter AG, KUKA Schweissanlagen GmbH filed Critical Salzgitter AG
Publication of EP1110637A2 publication Critical patent/EP1110637A2/fr
Publication of EP1110637A3 publication Critical patent/EP1110637A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1110637B1 publication Critical patent/EP1110637B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/053—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure characterised by the material of the blanks
    • B21D26/057—Tailored blanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/005—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00 characterized by the material of the blank or the workpiece
    • B21D35/006—Blanks having varying thickness, e.g. tailored blanks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a tubular molded component.
  • the diameters of conventionally manufactured inexpensive pipes especially continuously in roll forming manufactured pipes, tolerances, for example a wall thickness of one or several millimeters a few tenths Can be millimeters. So with simple face welding of the pipes, in particular pipes with thin walls, possibly bad or incomplete Connection of the pipe ends or an undesirable step formation achieved become. For this purpose, the end areas of the Pipes are checked and measured; however, this again requires an additional step.
  • the inner surface is permanent the outer shape, especially if the The weld seam in the connection area protrudes outwards in a wedge shape.
  • the invention has for its object improvements over to create the prior art and in particular a method for producing a molded component to create a safe with relatively little effort and preferably inexpensive manufacture of molded components various pipes, especially molded components with stronger ones Allows variation along the axial length.
  • This object is achieved by a manufacturing process a molded component in which at least one metal tube of at least two metal pipes of different cross-sections and / or different wall thickness and / or different Material properties of the cross section of at least one End area is changed so that end faces the end regions of the two metal tubes matched to one another and the cross sections of the end regions of the metal pipes are the corresponding ones Cross sections of the molded component or one of the hydroforming process used outer shape at least essentially correspond.
  • the metal pipes are on the front End faces subsequently together to form a tubular semi-finished product welded, the following in a hydroforming process is deformed.
  • tubular end region or tubular End areas of both metal tubes in their cross section of an end shape of the molded component must at least largely correspond to the area the weld seam in the subsequent hydroforming process just widened a little so that the metal in the area of the weld, advantageously only in one Dimensions are expanded so that it remains in its flowable area and therefore no or only low voltages in the Area of the weld.
  • the cross section of the end region of a metal pipe or the cross sections of the end regions of both metal pipes thus changed so that the end faces of the End areas are adapted to each other, so that a good connection the pipe ends can be guaranteed during the welding process.
  • the end faces of metal pipes different wall thicknesses can e.g. flush with the scope be adjusted so that there is a smooth outer surface of the tubular Semi-finished product and later the molded component, so that the different wall thicknesses of the pipe materials from the outside are recognizable.
  • the cross sections of the end regions of the Metal pipes of the corresponding cross section of the final shape that is the cross section of the molded component or the area of the outer shape, which the end areas of the pipes or the connecting area of the Surrounds semi-finished product when inserted into the outer shape, at least largely adjusted or adjusted.
  • a uniform gap between the connection area of the semi-finished product and the inner surface of the outer mold remain; however, it is also the formation of an uneven gap possible, so that when subsequent IHU deformations a greater deformation of a part of the connection area is reached.
  • the gap between that Connection area and the inner surface of the outer shape can for example be a few millimeters or a few tenths of a millimeter.
  • the gap is advantageously chosen such that the metal during the subsequent hydroforming only experiences a relative stretch at which it is still in its is flowable area, so in the area of the weld no or only low voltages are generated.
  • the end regions of the metal tubes can in particular be mechanical be deformed.
  • an expanding mandrel can be used, for example a taper by means of a narrowing ring and / or an end pulling device can be achieved.
  • the changed cross section of the metal pipe is independent of the tolerances of the original workpieces and is only determined by these tools.
  • Both metal tubes have a bonded deformation that is independent on the wall thickness or the material properties of the pipes can.
  • connection area of the semi-finished product only slightly widened in the area of the weld the problems existing in the prior art arise the uneven expansion of the different pipe ends only still to a small or negligible extent. Farther become little or no hydraulic expansion Tension is generated in the metal of the weld seam, making it problematic Area is largely spared and at most in is hardened to a small extent.
  • this can advantageously be used to change the cross section of the end area used tool in the following Welding process remain on the metal pipe so that through the tool a good fixation of the end area of the tube is achieved, without springing back of the metal after the cross-sectional change again a change in shape of the end area occurs.
  • the welding device can in particular already during or before the step of changing the cross-section, i.e. in particular the expansion process or the narrowing process to which Pipe ends are created.
  • a common tool e.g. one common narrowing ring, in which the pipe ends from both sides be inserted or by a common expanding mandrel which the two pipe ends are pushed on from two sides.
  • the common expanding mandrel as a retractable expanding mandrel is formed, it can be retracted after welding or folded and axially from the tubular semi-finished product be removed.
  • the common tool can be used in the subsequent Welding process basically also in the welding process be included, e.g. serve as an electrode for welding; if the tool is not used in the welding process it can advantageously be grounded.
  • Pipes in cross section can be changed if the cross section a tube already essentially the final shape of the molded component equivalent.
  • the cross section of the end region can be of the pipe can be changed with a smaller wall thickness.
  • the Tolerances in the pipe with a larger wall thickness are particularly then not significant if the pipe has a thinner wall inside of the tolerance range with its entire face End face on the front end face of the tube with a larger Wall thickness is present.
  • an in Circumferential groove may be formed for receiving the weld between the pipe ends serves.
  • the groove can also be axial Fixing the semi-finished product during the hydroforming process be used.
  • An outer mold or a die or a device for hydroforming, in the in the inner surface of the outer shape such a circumferential groove for receiving a weld seam is already in itself Unique position viewed as an essential concept of the invention.
  • the groove can be so deep in relation to the weld seam be designed so that the weld seam even during expansion does not rest on the bottom of the groove and only the pipe end areas lie next to the weld seam on the outer shape; in this Fall is only by the axial forces at the weld Expanding burdened.
  • the groove can be made smaller Depth are formed so that the weld seam during of widening rests on the base of the groove and, if necessary, deforms somewhat becomes.
  • the pipe ends to one Post-treatment of the weld seam can be dispensed with if the outer shape is formed with the groove running in the circumferential direction, because in this case damage to the tool and the load the weld seam and the load on the surrounding weld seam Metal is avoided during expansion or at least is low.
  • Electrodes can be used to weld the end faces or a friction welding process can be used. advantageously, However, the end faces are magnetically controlled Arc welding process welded together.
  • the semi-finished product in in the axial direction to avoid excessive thinning to prevent the pipe material in areas of greater expansion.
  • tubular molded components with any Cross-sectional areas and any wall thickness distribution achieved become.
  • the axial tracking of the pipe material can advantageously one in the connection area of the end areas of Metal pipes of different wall thickness, beveled step or be evened out, whereby the strength of the Connection is increased and a smoother connection surface is created becomes.
  • the pipe material can only be axial Direction (for example from the side of the pipe with less Wall thickness and / or smaller diameter or the tube with larger wall thickness and / or larger diameter) or both axial directions are tracked.
  • the tracking from the both axial directions can be the same or advantageous different ways, for example at different speeds and / or staggered and / or over a shorter one or longer distance. Both when tracking out an axial direction as well as from both axial directions when using an outer shape with a groove on its inner surface Fixation of the weld seam of the semi-finished product reached in the axial direction become; however, it is also a corresponding axial tracking possible without such a fixation.
  • steel pipes in particular can be used; however, it is also the use of other metals, in particular Light metals, such as magnesium, aluminum or a magnesium or aluminum alloy possible.
  • Light metals such as magnesium, aluminum or a magnesium or aluminum alloy possible.
  • metal pipes with different material properties connected e.g. different types of steel, e.g. Steel grades with different composition or different Structure.
  • a first metal tube 1 and a second metal tube 2 used e.g. a circular cross section, a have a rectangular cross section or another cross section.
  • the metal tubes 1, 2 have different, as shown in FIG. 1 Wall thicknesses and / or different diameters.
  • end regions 3, 4 of the metal tubes are expanded in such a way that that end faces 5, 6 of the end regions 3, 4 are matched to one another and subsequently the metal tubes 1, 2 can be placed against each other at their end faces 5, 6, so that advantageously at least one end face, e.g. as in Fig. 2 shown the smaller end face 5, completely on the other Face 6 rests.
  • the end regions 3, 4 have already been expanded in such a way that their cross sections the cross section of the final shape, that is, the later Molded component at this point, at least largely correspond, or their outer diameter the inner diameter of the in used later IHU expansion process, shown in Fig. 3 9 at least largely correspond.
  • the pipe ends 3, 4 can be on Fig. 2 following welding process e.g. through a pressure welding process, especially a magnetically controlled arc welding process are welded together.
  • a pressure welding process especially a magnetically controlled arc welding process are welded together.
  • an electrode welding process can also be used be used, where appropriate, to expand the Pipe ends 3, 4 used expanding mandrel, not shown in Fig. 2 can be used as one of the electrodes.
  • connection area 13 which has the end regions 3, 4 as the starting material used metal pipes 1, 2 corresponds.
  • connection area 13 is a weld seam 7, which is as in Fig. 3 shown can protrude in particular to the outside.
  • the semifinished product 8 in a manner known per se inserted into an outer shape 9, which is the final shape of the later tubular Determined component. To expand this is known in Way fluid, as shown by arrow F, inside the Semi-finished product 8 pressed, generally the other end of the Semi-finished product 8 is closed.
  • connection area 13 already during the previous expansion area of the outer shape 9 surrounding it is at least largely adapted is and advantageously only a small, ring-shaped Gap 11 between the connection area 13 and the outer shape 9 remains, this connection area in the hydroforming process only slightly stretched so that in particular also the load on the end region 3 of the metal pipe with less Wall thickness near the weld 7 kept low is so that there is no or only a small amount in the weld seam Voltages are generated.
  • the diameter of the metal pipe and the gap is coordinated so that the Elongation of the metal in the radial direction within the flow area of the metal takes place.
  • An annular groove 10 can be formed in the outer mold 9, which is suitable for receiving the weld 7. With the hydroforming process the weld seam 7 thus enters the groove, so that a flat pressing of the weld 7 on a smooth inner surface the outer shape 9 can be avoided.
  • the groove 10 can are so deep that the weld 7 is not at all or only partially comes to rest on the groove base, so that the Load on the weld 7 is low. Alternatively, you can a deliberate deformation of the weld when using a groove can be achieved with a smaller depth, so that the Weld 7 is somewhat flattened.
  • the axial length of the end regions changed in their cross section 3, 4 can in the mechanical expansion according to the invention before Welding of the two metal pipes is different his.
  • the axial length of the end region 3 of the metal tube 1 with smaller wall thickness larger or smaller chosen as the axial length of the end region 4 of the metal tube 2 are, depending on the desired load on the pipe material at mechanical expansion as well as in the subsequent hydroforming.
  • one or both end regions can also be narrowed.
  • a first tube with a smaller diameter and one second tube with a larger diameter for example, the End region of the first tube expanded and the end region of the second tube are narrowed, so that the end regions against each other are adjusted.
  • a narrowing of both end areas can, for example be made when the connection area in the later Molded component has a smaller diameter than the surrounding areas of the molded component and for example below the molded component in the relatively flexible connection area to be bent.
  • sheet metal can be produced continuously roll-formed or discontinuously roll-rolled or die-bent, relatively inexpensive pipes can be used. This can then pulling and annealing the pipes if necessary to be dispensed with because the subsequent widening of the pipe ends according to the invention also larger tolerances of the output pipes can be accepted. This can also weaken the material by pulling and Glow pipes are avoided.
  • tubes 1, 2 can have a constant or non-uniform Wall thickness can be used.
  • An uneven wall thickness can be done, for example, by pretreatment for pipe manufacturing used sheets can be achieved.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé pour fabriquer une pièce, dans lequel :
    sur au moins un tube métallique parmi au moins deux tubes métalliques (1, 2) de sections transversales différentes et/ou dont les parois ont des épaisseurs différentes et/ou dont les matériaux ont des propriétés différentes, on modifie la section transversale d'au moins une région d'extrémité (3, 4) de façon que des surfaces d'extrémité frontales (5,6) des régions d'extrémité (3, 4) des deux tubes métalliques (1, 2) soient adaptées l'une à l'autre, et que les sections transversales des régions d'extrémité (3, 4) des tubes métalliques (1, 2) correspondent sensiblement aux sections transversales d'une forme finale,
    on soude les tubes métalliques l'un avec l'autre en leurs surfaces d'extrémité frontales (5,6) pour obtenir un semi-produit tubulaire (8) et
    on déforme ensuite le semi-produit tubulaire (8), au moins par zones, dans un procédé de déformation à haute pression intérieure.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on modifie au moins la section transversale d'une région d'extrémité sur chacun des deux tubes métalliques (1, 2).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on élargit et/ou rétrécit mécaniquement la région d'extrémité (3, 4) d'au moins un tube métallique; de préférence les régions d'extrémité (3, 4) des deux tubes métalliques (1, 2).
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'on élargit au moins la région d'extrémité de l'un des tubes métalliques (1, 2) au moyen d'une broche d'élargissement introduite axialement, qui demeure dans la région d'extrémité (3, 4) du tube métallique pendant le soudage des faces d'extrémité frontales (5, 6).
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'on élargit les régions d'extrémité (3, 4) des tubes métalliques (1,2) au moyen d'une broche d'élargissement commune, en particulier une broche expansible commune.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que lors de la modification de la section transversale de l'au moins une région d'extrémité (3, 4), on modifie la forme géométrique de la section transversale.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que dans une région de liaison (13) des tubes métalliques (2), la section transversale du semi-produit tubulaire (8) correspond au moins sensiblement à la section transversale d'un gabarit extérieur (9) utilisé lors du procédé de déformation à haute pression intérieure.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que lors de l'installation du semi-produit tubulaire (8) dans le gabarit extérieur (9), il se forme une fente sensiblement régulière (11) entre la région de liaison (13) des tubes métalliques et le gabarit extérieur (9).
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que dans une face d'extrémité d'un gabarit extérieur (9) utilisé lors du procédé de déformation à haute pression intérieure, une rainure (10) s'étendant en direction circonférentielle est formée pour accueillir un cordon de soudure (7) d'une région de liaison (13) des tubes métalliques (1,2).
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'après le soudage des faces d'extrémité frontales (5, 6) des régions d'extrémité (3, 4), on déforme le semi-produit (8) par le procédé de déformation à haute pression intérieure sans ré-ouvraison préalable d'un cordon de soudure (7).
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'on cintre le semi-produit (8) avant le procédé de déformation à haute pression intérieure.
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'on soude l'une à l'autre les faces d'extrémité frontales (5, 6) par un procédé de soudage sous compression, en particulier un procédé de soudage à l'arc commandé magnétiquement ou un procédé de soudage par friction.
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que pendant le procédé de déformation à haute pression intérieure, on suit le semi-produit dans au moins une direction axiale (P), de préférence dans deux directions axiales opposées, de même manière ou de manière différente.
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que dans une première étape de procédé on fabrique les tubes métalliques à partir d'une tôle par un procédé discontinu comme par exemple à galets de roulement ou par pliage à galet, ou un procédé continu, comme par exemple le procédé de roulage, et sans procédé d'étirage ou de recuit subséquent on modifie et on adapte l'une à l'autre les sections transversales de leurs régions d'extrémité (3,4).
  15. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce qu'on cintre un tube métallique ou les deux tubes métalliques (1, 2) avant le soudage.
EP00127774A 1999-12-24 2000-12-19 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce Expired - Lifetime EP1110637B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19962958 1999-12-24
DE19962958A DE19962958C2 (de) 1999-12-24 1999-12-24 Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Formbauteils aus mindestens zwei Metallrohren und danach herstellbares Formbauteil

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1110637A2 EP1110637A2 (fr) 2001-06-27
EP1110637A3 EP1110637A3 (fr) 2002-01-16
EP1110637B1 true EP1110637B1 (fr) 2004-03-24

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ID=7934463

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00127774A Expired - Lifetime EP1110637B1 (fr) 1999-12-24 2000-12-19 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1110637B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE262385T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19962958C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2216809T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2854432B1 (fr) * 2003-04-29 2006-12-29 Faurecia Sys Echappement Ligne d'echappement pour moteur thermique.
WO2005031239A1 (fr) 2003-10-02 2005-04-07 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Refroidisseur d'air de suralimentation pour véhicules
DE102005049460B4 (de) * 2005-10-15 2009-01-02 Daimler Ag Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Zusammenbaus

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5775296A (en) * 1980-10-29 1982-05-11 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Method for improving residual stress of welded joint part of pipe
US5333775A (en) * 1993-04-16 1994-08-02 General Motors Corporation Hydroforming of compound tubes
DE19735434C1 (de) * 1997-08-16 1998-11-19 Daimler Benz Ag Verfahren und eine Einrichtung zur Herstellung eines Hohlkörpers aus zwei aufeinandergelegten Metallplatinen mittels Innenhochdruckumformen
CA2285732A1 (fr) * 1998-10-08 2000-04-08 Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha Corps extensible lie a un tuyau metallique et methode de fabrication

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1110637A2 (fr) 2001-06-27
DE19962958C2 (de) 2001-12-13
ES2216809T3 (es) 2004-11-01
EP1110637A3 (fr) 2002-01-16
DE19962958A1 (de) 2001-07-26
ATE262385T1 (de) 2004-04-15
DE50005786D1 (de) 2004-04-29

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