EP1105643A1 - Circuit electronique generateur d'impulsions - Google Patents

Circuit electronique generateur d'impulsions

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Publication number
EP1105643A1
EP1105643A1 EP99945990A EP99945990A EP1105643A1 EP 1105643 A1 EP1105643 A1 EP 1105643A1 EP 99945990 A EP99945990 A EP 99945990A EP 99945990 A EP99945990 A EP 99945990A EP 1105643 A1 EP1105643 A1 EP 1105643A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit
charging
energy
circuit according
pulse
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99945990A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Werner Arnold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1105643A1 publication Critical patent/EP1105643A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/06—Other installations having capacitive energy storage
    • F02P3/08—Layout of circuits
    • F02P3/0876—Layout of circuits the storage capacitor being charged by means of an energy converter (DC-DC converter) or of an intermediate storage inductance
    • F02P3/0884—Closing the discharge circuit of the storage capacitor with semiconductor devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electronic circuit for generating current / voltage pulses with a DC voltage source, at least one charging energy store connected to the poles of the DC voltage source, in particular a first capacitor, at least one controllable switching element and at least one device operated with the generated pulses.
  • Such circuits are used in particular for the generation of pulses which are used to generate ignition sparks, e.g. to ignite a gas mixture in an internal combustion engine.
  • Another application is, for example, to enable pulsed operation of laser diodes or to control reluctance motors.
  • a circuit can be used whenever any device is to be operated by means of current or voltage pulses. Depending on the application, these can be low or high voltage pulses.
  • ignition sparks it is generally known to charge an energy storage capacitor, for example in a pulsating manner, and to short-circuit the accumulated charge via a controllable switching element, such as a thyristor, via the primary winding of a transformer following the charging process.
  • the current / voltage pulse generated by this short circuit is transformed up into the kilovolt range in the transformer, so that a voltage can be tapped at the secondary coil of the transformer, which makes it possible to let a spark jump over an arc path, for example a spark plug. This spark then serves to ignite the gas mixture in the combustion chamber of an engine.
  • Circuits that operate according to the principle of pulsed discharge of a capacitor are e.g. known from US 5 245 965 and EP 0 378 714.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an electronic circuit for the energy-efficient generation of current / voltage pulses, in which energy can continue to be fed into the device operated with the circuit after the pulse generation, so that, for example, when using the circuit according to the invention in an ignition system, after the ignition spark has formed in the existing arc, energy can continue to be supplied so that clean and low-pollutant combustion can take place even under the most varied combustion conditions, for example under start-up or full load conditions.
  • the electronic circuit is provided in addition to at least one charging energy store connected to the DC voltage source (eg battery), which is formed in particular by a first capacitor, at least one further energy store, in particular a second capacitor, which is provided with at least one a switching element, in particular a controllable switching element and with the pulse-operated device is in series and can thus be connected to the poles of the charging energy store via at least one switching element, electrical power being able to be delivered to the device in the charging and / or discharging process of at least one of the further energy stores.
  • the DC voltage source eg battery
  • Such a circuit makes it possible for the pulses to be generated after the switching element has been actuated in that the electrical charge is transferred from the charging energy store, in particular the first capacitor, through any connected device to a further energy store, e.g. a second capacitor is transmitted.
  • the electrical charge transferred to the further energy store or stores can e.g. are used to effect an increase in the potential difference between a charging energy store and one or more of the further energy stores for the further pulse generation.
  • the circuit is designed so that the polarity of one or more energy stores can be switched.
  • the energy stores can be both a charging energy store and one or more of the other energy stores mentioned.
  • the changeover can be effected in a simple manner in that the sequence of the connection poles of one or more of the energy stores present in the current flow direction is interchangeable within the circuit of the circuit.
  • This switchability / interchangeability leads to the polarity of the switchable Energy storage present charge can be changed relative to the other energy storage.
  • the switchover described ensures that the potential difference between the charging energy store and the further energy store after the switchover corresponds to a maximum of twice the voltage applied to the charging energy store.
  • the device can be operated with an artificially increased voltage and thus an increased power consumption. After equipotential bonding has been completed, the polarity of the energy store can be switched over again for the next pulse generation.
  • a pulse-operated device can thus be operated in a simple manner with a voltage which is greater than the voltage at the charging energy store, so that a lower operating voltage can be sufficient here.
  • the charge does not flow through the pulse-operated device during the first charging process.
  • This can e.g. can be achieved by a bypass circuit and may be necessary if safe operation of the device with the voltage of the first pulse cannot otherwise be guaranteed.
  • a bypass circuit can, however, be dispensed with if the charging energy store, which usually has a very large capacity, is charged with a large charging time constant from the voltage source and, at the same time as the first charging of this energy storage device, the other energy storage devices as well large time constant are loaded. In this case, no pulse is generated, but rather the further energy store (s) is slowly loaded by the device.
  • the switchability of any energy storage in the circuit has the further advantage that it is possible when using a device that has an inductance, when a counter-induction voltage occurs, which results, for example, from the magnetic field falling in the negative half-wave of the generated pulse, all maximum additive at the device and the energy storage partial voltages present to be placed in series so that the counter-induction voltage can be used and an effective alternating voltage pulse operation of the device can be realized in resonance.
  • the energy stores mentioned can be not only individual storage elements, but also an arrangement, in particular a series and / or parallel connection of storage elements, such as capacitors.
  • the electrical charge transferred to the further energy store after the first pulse generation can either be used to subsequently generate a further pulse or continue to feed energy into the pulse-operated device in the form of direct current or alternating current energy. At least one of the further energy stores provided thus releases part or all of the energy to the pulse-operated device both in its charging and discharging process.
  • the electronic circuit according to the invention when used as an example in an ignition system of an internal combustion engine, this gives the possibility of further feeding energy into the ignited arc or of igniting a next spark.
  • the spark life can be regulated or the maximum speed of the engine can be increased upwards, since an ignition spark can be generated both when charging and discharging the other energy store (s) and not just a complete charge / discharge cycle until wait for the next spark.
  • the circuit has both a circuit for charging and a circuit for discharging each additional energy store, which are in particular different from one another.
  • each of the further energy stores should be arranged in a circuit section that is located in both circuits.
  • the pulse-operated device is also arranged in a circuit section that is located in both the charging and the discharging circuit, the pulse-operated device, as mentioned above, can be particularly easily pulsed both during the charging and the discharging process of one of the further energy stores flow through the transferred charge and are controlled accordingly.
  • a first pulse-operated device may be located in the charging circuit and a second pulse-operated device to be located in the unloading circuit.
  • a second pulse-operated device it is possible to control different pulse-operated devices when charging and discharging one or more further energy stores.
  • a plurality of devices can also be arranged in the charging and discharging circuit.
  • a first spark plug in the charging cycle of the further energy store in an exemplary application and to ignite a further spark plug in the discharge cycle of the same energy store.
  • different laser diodes can be driven alternately in pulses, so that e.g. the repetition frequency of a single laser diode can be reduced in a laser diode array, which has a positive effect on the service life of the diode, or generally pulse-operated devices.
  • the charging and discharging current circuits each have at least one, preferably two switching elements and these can be controlled in particular.
  • the controllable switching elements then make it possible to switch between pulsed charging and discharging of the further energy stores.
  • the control can e.g. be programmable and in particular be taken over by motor electronics.
  • the pulse-powered device always flows through the same direction in both the charging and the discharging of the energy store, energy can be supplied to the pulse-powered device with a constant polarity.
  • the amount of energy fed into the pulse-operated device in a switching cycle can be determined by means of the circuit according to the invention can be kept variable. This is possible by switching between charging and discharging the energy store before the charging or discharging limit is reached. Depending on how far the charge in the energy store approaches the charging or discharging limit, the energy supplied can be coordinated. The amount of energy then results essentially from the difference in the voltage applied to the energy store at the switching times.
  • a maximum energy supply results when the charge or discharge limits are reached at the switchover time.
  • the energy supply can be adapted to the prevailing arc conditions by alternating switching between charging and discharging the energy store.
  • the path of the charge flow in each circuit can be given, for example, by diodes.
  • a rectifier arrangement can be arranged in series with an energy store, between them DC voltage tapping points a pulse-operated device is arranged.
  • the diodes used for the direction definition can in particular also be laser diodes, so that the circuit according to the invention enables a simple combination of operated laser diodes with a further pulse-operated device.
  • laser diodes with different radiation spectra can also be selected, so that e.g. different light spectra are emitted during the charging and discharging process.
  • controllable switching elements As an alternative to the use of diodes, it is also possible to define the path of the charge flow in each circuit using controllable switching elements. For example, When an energy storage device is being charged, all controllable switches that are in the charging circuit of the energy storage device are initially closed, all switches that are in the discharge circuit being opened at the same time. The controllable switches can then be switched alternately for switching between charging and discharging.
  • a preferred application of the circuit according to the invention is to provide an ignition spark for an internal combustion engine.
  • the device operated with the pulses can be a transformer, the primary coil of which the charging pulse flows through at least one of the energy stores.
  • the current / voltage pulse generated during the charging process is transformed with the aid of the transformer into a high voltage pulse which is connected to the Secondary coil can be tapped. This high voltage pulse is then fed to a spark plug which ignites the gas mixture.
  • the transformed high-voltage pulse it is possible to use the transformed high-voltage pulse to ignite ionized gases.
  • spark plugs with the circuit according to the invention, e.g. fluorescent or neon tubes can also be operated. These can then be controlled with such an increased frequency that the flickering known from conventional tubes can no longer be perceived by the human eye. Due to the increased frequency, the typical 50 Hz hum of the transformers is then also eliminated. It is also conceivable to generate sparks in liquids, e.g. is common in spark erosion.
  • the transformer is preferably designed as an autotransformer in which there is a connection between the primary and secondary coils.
  • the free end of the secondary coil is connected to one pole of an arc gap, the other pole of which is at ground potential.
  • This arc gap is preferably the spark plug of an internal combustion engine.
  • one or more of the controllable switching elements is switched in such a way that a charge transport between the first charging energy storage and one of the further energy storage takes place through the primary coil of the autotransformer, so in addition to the generation of a secondary-side high-voltage pulse, a voltage, in particular a DC voltage, is applied to the spark plug at the same time via the connection between the primary and secondary coil corresponding design of the DC voltage energy source and the charging energy store can be dimensioned so high that the arc continues to burn after the ignition.
  • a voltage in particular a DC voltage
  • the ignition voltage of the arc is a few kilovolts, the arc only requires a few 100 volts, in particular 200-400 volts, for an arc distance of less than 1 mm to be overcome.
  • ground line of the energy source (DC voltage source) can be separated from the vehicle ground via a likewise controllable switching element. After this connection has been disconnected, the definition of the voltage potential at the spark plug is automatically removed, as a result of which the arc is extinguished.
  • the transformer can have several, preferably two, secondary coils, so that it is possible to e.g. to ignite two spark plugs simultaneously. In this way, the combustion can also be optimized.
  • a switching element blocking the charging current of one of the energy stores in particular a diode, can be connected in parallel with the primary winding of the transformer and / or the charging energy store.
  • the diode When the diode is connected in parallel with the primary winding, the mutual induction voltage present in the primary winding is short-circuited and the energy is supplied to the secondary side.
  • a parallel connection to the charging energy store it can be achieved that after charging the further energy store and igniting a spark, an electrical oscillation occurs, the positive half-waves of which are also transmitted to the secondary side. In this way it can be achieved that in a circuit arrangement where the charge of the charged further energy store is not used to ignite a new spark, it is supplied to the secondary side of the transformer without another switching element.
  • the charge of the further energy store is only fed into the burning arc until the voltage at the further energy store falls below the burning voltage in the arc gap, unless the energy source is at a voltage provides that is above the arc arc voltage.
  • a residual voltage remains on the further energy store, which reduces the voltage difference between the charging energy store and the further energy store, but can be made usable in the manner described by switching over the further energy store to increase the voltage difference.
  • a controllable switching element can also be used as the blocking switching element.
  • controllable switching elements In general, all elements which are controlled by current, voltage or else inductively, capacitively, magnetically or optically can be used as controllable switching elements. It is therefore possible to use semiconductors such as transistors, other switchable and conductive components or even programmable microelectromechanical switches. Switches made of conductive plastic can also be used, as is known, for example, from fuses. This type of controllable switch makes it possible to make the entire circuit arrangement according to the invention programmable, for example by means of microprocessors, so that, for example, the arc service life and the energy supplied in Depending on the engine conditions of a separate engine electronics are adjustable.
  • the pulse powered device e.g. a light-emitting element
  • the use of a laser diode should be considered here, which is operated in a pulsating manner by means of the circuit according to the invention.
  • the polarity of the energy source can be chosen arbitrarily. It is important to ensure that the diodes used are operated in the correct reverse direction according to the selected polarity.
  • a circuit that provides an ignition spark with another circuit that controls a laser diode in pulse mode. If the spectral range of the controlled laser diode is chosen accordingly, that the emitted light will cause the molecules in the combustion gas mixture e.g. can ionize in the focus of the laser radiation or convert to highly excited states, the pulsating light of the laser diode can be guided through the arc path in one arrangement, so that a significantly lower ignition energy must be made available due to the pre-ionization / excitation.
  • a reluctance motor or another motor can be used as the pulse-operated device, in which, for example, a first motor coil is flowed through during the charging process of the further energy store and another motor coil is flowed through during the discharge process of this energy store.
  • FIG. 1A shows an electronic circuit according to the invention in which the voltage pulse generated passes through a transformer during a charge exchange between two energy storage capacitors and is transformed to high voltage in order to ignite an arc.
  • Figure 1B A circuit according to the invention in which the polarity of an energy storage capacitor can be switched relative to the charging capacitor.
  • Polarities of both energy storage capacitors can be switched relative to one another within the circuit.
  • Figure 2 A circuit according to the invention, in which both pulse-like charge and discharge currents, the direction of which is given by diodes, flow through the primary winding of a transformer.
  • FIG. 3 shows a diagram to illustrate the possibility of feeding alternating current-like energy into the ignited arc.
  • Figure 4 A circuit according to the invention in which the diodes determining the current direction according to Figure 2 are replaced by controllable switching elements.
  • FIG. 5 A circuit according to Figure 4, in which the
  • Secondary side of the transformer has two coils.
  • Direction of current flow through the primary coil of a transformer is defined by means of a rectifier arrangement.
  • FIG. 7 A circuit corresponding to Figure 6, in which the pulse-powered transformer is replaced by a pulse-powered laser diode, the rectifier diodes can also be laser diodes.
  • FIG. 8 A circuit according to the invention in which the charge of a capacitor is transferred to one or two further capacitors and in the charging current circuit of these capacitors there is a first winding of a reluctance motor and in the final charging current circuit a second winding of a reluctance motor.
  • FIG. 1A shows an electronic circuit according to the invention for generating current / voltage pulses for generating ignition sparks in internal combustion engines with a direct voltage energy source 1, a charging energy store 4 connected to the poles 2 and 3 of this direct voltage source at a distance, in which there is it is a first capacitor, a controllable switching element 5 and an autotransformer 6 operated with the generated pulses, which has a primary coil 13 and a secondary coil 14, the two coils being connected to one another.
  • the circuit has a further energy store 7, which in the present case is likewise formed by a second capacitor, this second capacitor 7 being connected in series with the controllable switching element 5 and the primary winding 13 of the autotransformer 6, and thus with the switching element 5 the poles 2 'and 3' of the charging energy store 4 is connected or can be connected, so that electrical power can be delivered to the autotransformer both in the charging and in the discharging process of the capacitor 7.
  • a further energy store 7 which in the present case is likewise formed by a second capacitor, this second capacitor 7 being connected in series with the controllable switching element 5 and the primary winding 13 of the autotransformer 6, and thus with the switching element 5 the poles 2 'and 3' of the charging energy store 4 is connected or can be connected, so that electrical power can be delivered to the autotransformer both in the charging and in the discharging process of the capacitor 7.
  • the charging capacitor 4 shown in FIG. 1 is quasi continuously compared to the discharge process by means of the DC voltage source 1
  • the controllable switching element 5 is closed at the desired ignition point, which is determined here, for example, by further engine electronics, not shown, which is not the subject of a further discussion here.
  • this controllable switching element 5 can be a conventional semiconductor component or other controllable switching elements, such as, for example, microelectromechanical switches or the like.
  • the voltage pulse passing through the primary coil is increased from approximately several hundred volts to a high voltage of several kilovolts, e.g. 30-50 kV transformed, so that there is a sparkover in the arc gap between the poles 15 and 16 of a spark plug in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the voltage applied to the capacitor 7 is simultaneously applied to the pole 15 transmitted the arc path, so that this pole 15 is raised to several hundred volts potential compared to the grounded pole 16. This means that the coil connection continues to feed energy into the ignited arc, which energy is taken from the energy source 1 or the capacitor 4 when the switch 5 is closed.
  • controllable switching element 5 it is possible to arrange the controllable switching element 5 at any position in the charging circuit between the charging capacitor 4 and the capacitor 7.
  • the connection between the primary coil 13 and the secondary coil 14 of the transformer not at the upper end, as shown in the figure, but also at the lower end of the coils.
  • the circuit described is expanded in that the orientation of the capacitor 7 with its connection poles 7a and 7b can be switched over in the direction of current flow of the circuit shown.
  • This circuit avoids that the charged capacitor 7 must first be discharged to generate a next spark, which is only possible up to a residual voltage in any case according to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1A.
  • the charge accumulated on the capacitor 7 is switched by switching the polarity of the capacitor 7 in the circuit for increasing the Potential difference between the capacitors 4 and 7 made usable.
  • the charge is first transferred from the capacitor 4 to the capacitor 7 by closing the switches 5a and 5b through the primary coil 13. After this equipotential bonding, the voltage across capacitor 7 essentially corresponds to the voltage across capacitor 4.
  • the positive pole 2 ′ is connected to the negative pole 7a and the negative pole 3 ′′ to the positive pole 7b, which results in a summation of the two substantially equal voltages applied to the capacitors. Due to the now significantly increased voltage difference between the capacitors 4 and 7, which ideally corresponds to twice the operating voltage at the capacitor 4, a new equipotential bonding takes place by means of pulsed charge transfer between the capacitors, which in turn generates an ignition spark. The capacitor can thus be switched repeatedly for the generation of pulses.
  • the circuit arrangement for electrically switching the polarity of the capacitor 7 can also be used in an embodiment corresponding to FIG. 1A. Then e.g. the voltage across capacitor 4 is approximately 300 V and if there is a residual voltage of 200 V across capacitor 7, the difference of 100 V is sometimes insufficient to generate an ignition spark. After switching the capacitor polarity, however, the differential voltage increases to 400 V, which corresponds to a sufficient voltage.
  • This circuit variant provided that it is used in an embodiment according to FIG. 1A, on the one hand makes the remaining charge on the capacitor 7 usable and on the other hand the operating voltage of the circuit can be reduced according to FIG. IB, since the voltage difference between the capacitors 4 and 7 in Ideally, can be raised to twice the value of the voltage across the capacitor 4.
  • the mass definition can be switched by the switching element 17 in the embodiment according to FIG. This results in the possibility of specifically increasing the arc gap 15-16 to the voltage of the DC voltage source, which advantages pulls, which are described using the similar embodiment of Figure 2.
  • the figure IC shows a circuit variant in which both the charging capacitor 4 and the capacitor 7 within the circuit can be switched in polarity relative to the other capacitor.
  • This counter-induction voltage which was limited by a diode in the previous exemplary embodiment, is thus used here for an alternating-voltage pulse operation of the device in resonance.
  • the capacitor 7 is switched by means of the switches 5, in accordance with the preceding exemplary embodiment in FIG.
  • the voltage difference produced in this way results in a charge flow from the capacitor 4 to the capacitor 7, as a result of which a current / voltage pulse is generated in the primary coil 13 and as a result the capacitor 7 which is rotated in polarity is also recharged, so that its polarity again corresponds to the initial situation .
  • a counter-induction voltage is generated by the magnetic field falling in the primary coil 13 after the pulse maximum, which changes the polarity at the coil 13.
  • the charged capacitor 7 is switched over, so that now in the negative half-wave of the pulse all the voltages occurring at the capacitors and the primary coil are additively in series, which causes the capacitor 7 to be recharged and its polarity again corresponds to the initial situation.
  • the capacitor 4 In order to ensure that all the voltages present on the capacitors 4, 7 and the coil 13 are in maximum additive series, the capacitor 4 must now be switched over. This in turn is followed by a charge transfer to the capacitor 7, but this time in the polarity negated to the initial situation.
  • the process of switching the polarity of one of the two capacitors 4, 7 is therefore repeated again and again when the current / voltage pulse in the primary coil passes through its negative or positive maximum and thus through the subsequent drop in the magnetic field, an induction voltage that is opposite to the excitation voltage occurs on the coil.
  • the switchover is to be designed in such a way that after the switchover one of the two
  • Capacitors are all partial voltages connected to the
  • Capacitors and the coil 13 are present, add up to the maximum in order to achieve maximum energy benefit from the
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention differs from FIG. 1 in that the circuit has a circuit for charging and discharging the capacitor 7.
  • both the capacitor 7 and the autotransformer 6 are each arranged in a circuit section which is located in both circuits.
  • This can be either the tracking of direct current or alternating current energy, whereby the tracking of alternating current energy can advantageously adapt the amount of energy required to the prevailing condition in the combustion chamber, which has a positive effect in particular when a lean mixture is to be ignited or else even if in different Load operating modes of the engine Turbulences occur in the combustion chamber, in which the arc would break off if the energy tracking was too low.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention according to FIG. 2 can be used in several operating modes, which are realized in that two switching elements are arranged in each circuit, one of which can be controlled in the present case.
  • the charging circuit is now given in that after the controllable switching element 5 has been closed, the charge of the capacitor 4 is transferred to the capacitor 7 in a pulsed manner via the primary coil 13 of the transformer 6 and the diode 9 as a non-controllable switching element.
  • the discharge current circuit is given in that after opening the switch 5, the controllable switch 8 is closed and thus the charge of the capacitor 7 is short-circuited via the diode 10, the primary coil 13 and the closed switch 8.
  • this circuit provides the possibility that the switchable elements 5 and 8 can be used to switch the circuit according to the invention between pulsed charging and discharging of the capacitor 7. This is ensured by the diodes 9 and 10 arranged in both the charging and discharging circuits that current flows through the primary coil of the transformer 6 in the same direction.
  • Motor electronics controllable switch 17 will Ground potential of the entire circuit arrangement defined.
  • the pole 15 is brought up to a voltage of several hundred volts with respect to the pole 16 of the arc gap via the connection between the primary and secondary coils of the transformer 6.
  • a pulse-like transport of the charge of the capacitor 4 onto the capacitor 7 takes place via the primary coil 13 in the direction of the arrow 11, which is given by the diode 9.
  • Due to the pulsed charge transport through the primary coil 13, a transformed high voltage of several kilovolts is generated in the secondary coil 14, which leads to a sparkover between the poles 15 and 16 of the arc gap. This spark has a duration of approximately 100 to 300 ⁇ sec.
  • the constant high voltage of several hundred volts between poles 15 and 16 of the arc path ensures that energy continues to be fed into the arc if this high voltage is above the arc arc voltage.
  • the arc can then be extinguished as soon as the controllable switch 17 is opened and the definition of the ground potential is thus lost.
  • This circuit arrangement thus has the advantage that the burning time of the arc can be set variably and can thus be adapted to engine conditions.
  • a very high spark head current can be generated, but the spark tail current is dependent on the applied DC voltage and the suppression resistances as well as any spark gaps in existing ignition spark distributors. , After the arc has been extinguished, it can be ignited again by again closing switch 17 and switch 8 at the same time.
  • the charge on the capacitor 7 is then short-circuited in a pulsed manner via the diode 10 and again in the direction 11 via the primary winding of the transformer 6, so that a high-voltage pulse of several kilovolts (30-60 kV) is generated in the coil 14 on the secondary side. which leads to a breakdown in the gas mixture between the poles 15 and 16 of the arc gap of a spark plug. Again, energy is fed into the arc as long as the switch 17 remains closed.
  • circuit arrangement according to the invention to keep the arc service life variable by actuating the controllable switching element 17 compared to the known circuit arrangements.
  • the direct current energy supply which is made possible by the actuation of the switch 17, may be regarded as insufficient in the cases where the lean arc voltage is subject to strong fluctuations in lean mixtures or in the event of strong turbulence in the combustion chamber, and thus between the poles 15 and 16 of the DC voltage applied to the arc path are sometimes insufficient, the arc maintain.
  • high currents are also required in the spark tail.
  • This principle is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the charge transport from capacitor 4 to capacitor 7 via primary coil 13 and diode 9 increases the voltage across capacitor 7 from U0 to U2.
  • This voltage pulse is suitable for igniting the mixture in the spark gap between the poles 15 and 16 by means of an ignition spark 12.
  • the capacitor 7 is then short-circuited into the burning arc by switching over to the discharge process by opening the switch 5 and closing the switch 8, so that the charge flows off in the direction 11 via the diode 10 and the primary coil 13 until the capacitor 7 has one Voltage Ul is reached.
  • This voltage pulse which corresponds to the difference between U1 and U2, is also stepped up by the transmission ratio between primary coil 13 and secondary coil 14, so that energy can be fed to the burning arc.
  • switch 8 is opened again and switch 5 is closed, so that the capacitor 7 is again charged to the voltage value U2.
  • This interplay repeats itself as long as energy in the burning Arc should be tracked. It is particularly advantageous that the amount of energy tracked is variable and can therefore be adapted to the engine conditions. This variability results from the fact that the voltage difference between the voltage values U1 and U2 can be set. The difference results primarily from the switching time between actuation of switch 5 and switch 8, since the charging and discharging time constants are predetermined in the circuit.
  • the capacitor 7 can either be fully charged or completely discharged. In order to continue to extinguish the arc in a defined manner, the switch 17 is opened.
  • FIG. 4 differs in that it defines the direction of the current flow Diodes 9 and 10 are now replaced by controllable switching elements 20 and 19.
  • the switch 5 and the switch 20 are then closed, whereupon the aforementioned switches are opened and the switches 8 and 19 closed for the discharge process of the capacitor 7 become.
  • FIG. 5 is further developed compared to FIG. 4 in that the secondary side of the transformer 6 has two secondary coils 14 and 18.
  • An arc path between poles 15 and 16 or 15 'and 16' is connected to each of these secondary coils, which can be, for example, two spark plugs in the combustion chamber of a cylinder.
  • additional coils and spark plugs on the secondary side. However, it is important to ensure that the entire circuit arrangement is so powerful that sufficient energy can be made available in each ignition spark.
  • FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment to the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 2, where a rectifier arrangement consisting of the diodes 9, 10, 22 for the capacitor 7 and 23 is in series, between their
  • An autotransformer 6 consisting of the primary coils 13 and the secondary coil 14 is arranged in DC voltage tapping points.
  • the circuit for pulsed charging of the capacitor 7 is only given when the controllable switch 5 is closed and the controllable switch 8 is open, so that the charge is transferred to the capacitor 7 via the diode 9, the primary coil 13 and the diode 22.
  • switch 5 is opened and switch 8 is closed, so that the charge on the capacitor flows through the diode 10, the primary coil 13 and the diode 23.
  • a new spark can be generated during charging and discharging or energy can be fed into an existing arc.
  • FIG. 7 shows an arrangement equivalent to FIG. 6, where a laser diode 6 ′ is used between the DC voltage tapping points of the rectifier arrangement only as a pulse-operated device instead of an autotransformer.
  • the pulse-operated device can also represent any other light-emitting element.
  • the rectifying diodes are also designed as laser diodes 22 ', 23', 10 'and 9'.
  • a laser diode array consisting of, for example, five diodes can be connected to the circuit arrangement, which are interconnected accordingly.
  • FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the circuit according to the invention, in which a pulse-operated device 6 is located both in the charging circuit and a further 6 ′′ in the discharging circuit. Furthermore, not only one energy store, but two energy stores, which are provided by the capacitors 7 and 21, are used in the circuit arrangement. In this case, the capacitor 21 can alternatively be switched on by the controllable switching element 5 '. The capacitance of the entire capacitor arrangement is correspondingly increased by connecting the capacitors 7 and 21 in parallel.
  • capacitors with capacities of up to several thousand farads can be used as energy stores, e.g. Gold Cup capacitors.
  • the device shown in FIG. 8 can be used in particular when a reluctance motor is to be actuated in which current is to be passed through the excitation coils 6 and 6 ′′ in succession.
  • the capacitor 7 is charged with the charge of the capacitor 4 when the controllable switching element 5 is closed.
  • the coil 6 flows through the charge in a pulsed manner. After the switch 5 'has been closed, it is possible to send a further charging pulse through the coil 6. Alternatively, it is also possible to use the to keep the switch 5 'closed for the first charging process, so that the total capacity increases accordingly.
  • the switch 5 is opened and the switch 8 is closed, so that when the capacitor 7 or the capacitors 7 and 21 is discharged, the coil 6 ′′ of the reluctance motor is now flowed through.
  • FIG. 9 shows a circuit arrangement in which two circuits according to the invention are used, the lower circuit B serving to generate an ignition spark in the arc gap between the poles 15 and 16 and the upper circuit A is intended to pulse a laser diode 6 ' to control, whose pulsed light shines through the arc path.
  • the laser diode With a corresponding selection of the laser diode, there is thus the possibility of emitting a light wavelength which generates a pre-ionization in the gas mixture which is located between the poles 15 and 16 of the arc path.
  • This pre-ionization can be increased by focusing the light of the laser diode by means of a lens in the region of the arc path.
  • circuits shown in FIG. 9 correspond to the circuit according to FIG. 2 already discussed, where only the controlled transformer 6 has been replaced by a laser diode 6 ', to which a current-limiting resistor R is connected in series.
  • Circuit arrangement B corresponds to the circuit already shown in FIG. 4.
  • circuits A and B are synchronized with one another by means of motor electronics, not shown.
  • controllable switching elements in particular elements 5, 8, 17, 19 and 20 of the drawings discussed, can be controlled by means of current, voltage, inductively, capacitively, magnetically or optically. All known switching elements, such as semiconductor switches, integrated circuits and other conductive and switchable components can thus be used. It is also possible to use microelectromechanical switches (MEMS technology).
  • MEMS technology microelectromechanical switches

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un circuit électronique qui permettent de générer des impulsions de courant/tension, notamment des étincelles d'allumage dans les moteurs à combustion interne. Le circuit comprend une source (1) de tension continue; au moins un accumulateur (4) d'énergie de charge, connecté aux pôles (2, 3) de ladite source (1), notamment à distance, qui peut en particulier être un premier condensateur (4); au moins un élément de commutation (5) pouvant être commandé; et au moins un dispositif (6) dont le fonctionnement est assuré par les impulsions générées. Le circuit comprend au moins un autre accumulateur (7), en particulier un second condensateur (7), disposé en série avec au moins un élément de commutation (5), notamment un élément de commutation pouvant être commandé, et avec le dispositif (6) dont le fonctionnement est assuré par les impulsions. Le circuit peut ainsi être connecté, par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un élément de commutation, avec les pôles (2, 3) de l'accumulateur (4) d'énergie de charge. La puissance électrique peut être transmise au dispositif (6) lors des opérations de charge/décharge d'au moins l'un des autres accumulateurs (7).
EP99945990A 1998-08-21 1999-08-18 Circuit electronique generateur d'impulsions Withdrawn EP1105643A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19838051 1998-08-21
DE1998138051 DE19838051A1 (de) 1998-08-21 1998-08-21 Elektronische Schaltung zur Pulserzeugung
PCT/EP1999/006039 WO2000011346A1 (fr) 1998-08-21 1999-08-18 Circuit electronique generateur d'impulsions

Publications (1)

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EP1105643A1 true EP1105643A1 (fr) 2001-06-13

Family

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EP99945990A Withdrawn EP1105643A1 (fr) 1998-08-21 1999-08-18 Circuit electronique generateur d'impulsions

Country Status (7)

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EP (1) EP1105643A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002523674A (fr)
CN (1) CN1319163A (fr)
AU (1) AU746610B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR9913173A (fr)
DE (1) DE19838051A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000011346A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6323814B1 (en) 2000-05-24 2001-11-27 Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc Wideband meander line loaded antenna
US7878177B2 (en) * 2007-10-23 2011-02-01 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Internal combustion engine having common power source for ion current sensing and fuel injectors
JP5295305B2 (ja) 2011-05-16 2013-09-18 三菱電機株式会社 点火装置
DE102013203002B3 (de) * 2013-02-25 2014-07-10 Continental Automotive Gmbh Zündvorrichtung

Family Cites Families (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3896346A (en) * 1972-11-21 1975-07-22 Electronic Camshaft Corp High speed electromagnet control circuit
US3921606A (en) * 1972-11-27 1975-11-25 Ducellier & Cie Ignition device for an internal combustion engine
JPS55160163A (en) * 1980-03-27 1980-12-12 Nippon Denso Co Ltd Capacitor discharge type contactless ignition device for multicylinder internal combustion engine
JPS5728872A (en) * 1980-07-30 1982-02-16 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Laser type engine ignition device
JPS5861843A (ja) * 1981-09-12 1983-04-13 Senichi Masuda 極短パルス高電圧発生装置
JPS62189362A (ja) * 1986-02-14 1987-08-19 Honda Motor Co Ltd 容量放電点火装置
DE3629349A1 (de) * 1986-08-28 1988-03-10 Theralux Lichttechnische Anlag Triggerbarer impulsgenerator
JP3318981B2 (ja) * 1992-10-09 2002-08-26 株式会社明電舎 パルス電源
JP2828958B2 (ja) * 1996-02-29 1998-11-25 住友重機械工業株式会社 パルス荷電型電気集塵機用回路及び電気集塵機

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0011346A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2000011346A1 (fr) 2000-03-02
BR9913173A (pt) 2001-05-15
AU746610B2 (en) 2002-05-02
CN1319163A (zh) 2001-10-24
AU5853099A (en) 2000-03-14
JP2002523674A (ja) 2002-07-30
DE19838051A1 (de) 2000-02-24

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