EP1105642B1 - Verfahren zur startabschaltung einer brennkraftmaschine - Google Patents
Verfahren zur startabschaltung einer brennkraftmaschine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1105642B1 EP1105642B1 EP98942474A EP98942474A EP1105642B1 EP 1105642 B1 EP1105642 B1 EP 1105642B1 EP 98942474 A EP98942474 A EP 98942474A EP 98942474 A EP98942474 A EP 98942474A EP 1105642 B1 EP1105642 B1 EP 1105642B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- starter
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- current
- time
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N11/0848—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines with means for detecting successful engine start, e.g. to stop starter actuation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N2200/00—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus
- F02N2200/04—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus said parameters being related to the starter motor
- F02N2200/044—Starter current
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for starting shutdown an internal combustion engine with those in the preamble of claim 1 mentioned features.
- DE 195 03 537 A1 proposed electronic detection the self-running of the internal combustion engine by detection the ripple of a battery voltage and / or to realize a starter current.
- a comparison of the absolute value of the battery voltage or of the starter current with a reference value around the Detect self-running of the internal combustion engine is that the operating conditions of the Internal combustion engine can only be considered insufficiently are, so that, for example, a cold start and a Warm start of the internal combustion engine cannot be taken into account are.
- the method according to the invention with that in claim 1 mentioned features offers the advantage that for determination the time of the start shutdown information about the operating state of the internal combustion engine be considered indirectly.
- a signal proportional to the starter current for determination evaluated at the time of the start shutdown where a characteristic curve with a Starter current proportional signal is evaluated, which depends on an operating state of the internal combustion engine depends on an optimized start switch-off immediately after the internal combustion engine has run itself possible so that a start time reduction, especially when the internal combustion engine is warm is achieved.
- the procedure is simple can be used for all internal combustion engines, only an adaptation of the characteristics of the operating state the internal combustion engine certain parameters necessary is.
- FIG. 1 shows the typical course of a starter current I S of a starter motor of an internal combustion engine over time t.
- the starter current I S increases to a first maximum value I 1 at time t 1 .
- the starter current I S then changes into a ripple range before it changes into a current I 0 after the internal combustion engine has run itself.
- the ripple of the starter current I S is known to result from the compression and decompression phases of the internal combustion engine that change during the starting phase.
- the phases are recorded with a positive or negative slope of the starter current I S.
- the phases of negative slope of the starter current are detected by the time periods t 2 to t 3 , t 4 to t 5 and so on, while the phases of positive slope from the time periods t 3 to t 4 and t 5 to t 6 and so are further recorded.
- Each starter current maximum I 2 , I 4 or I 6 is assigned a voltage minimum at times t 2 , k 4 and t 6 .
- the time duration of the starter current is determined with a negative gradient starting from each maximum of the starter current I 2 , I 4 and I 6 and compared with a permanently stored time characteristic.
- An operating state of the internal combustion engine can be concluded from the first current maximum I 1 of the starter current I S. It is known, for example, that at different operating temperatures of the internal combustion engine, the first maximum I 1 has a corresponding value which can be assigned to the operating temperatures.
- FIG. 2 This information is further evaluated on the basis of the correlation shown in FIG. 2 between a crankshaft speed of the internal combustion engine and the starter current I S.
- the characteristic curves of FIG. 2 represent the correlation of a crankshaft speed n with the starter current I S.
- a closed freewheel clutch and a quasi-stationary operation of the starter motor and the internal combustion engine are assumed.
- a total of three characteristics are plotted for three different operating temperatures, namely at -20 ° C, + 20 ° C and + 80 ° C. 10 denotes an area which defines the end area of a start-up support for the starter in a cold internal combustion engine.
- a characteristic curve 12 defines a minimum crankshaft speed n for self-running in a warm internal combustion engine.
- the resulting characteristic curves of the crankshaft speed n over the starter current I S are converted into linearized characteristic curves.
- a "warm” characteristic curve is denoted by 14 and a “cold” characteristic curve running parallel thereto is denoted by 16.
- a switch-off criterion can be determined if no misfiring or combustion misfires occur.
- temperatures ⁇ 0 ° C there is no intersection between the minimum required speed n and the starter current I S.
- a time characteristic curve is formed for switching off the internal combustion engine. Different time characteristics for different operating states of the internal combustion engine, for example depending on an operating temperature, can be stored and processed. By defining an output temperature T crit of, for example, 10 ° C., a distinction can be made between characteristics of> T crit and ⁇ T crit . These characteristic curves are switched, for example, by evaluating the current maxima I 1 , I 2 of the starter current I S , since these provide the information as to whether it is a cold or warm internal combustion engine.
- the amplitude of the maxima I 1 and I 2 , the time interval between the amplitudes t 2 -t 1 and the difference I 2 -I 1 can be a criterion for recognizing a warm or a cold internal combustion engine.
- the point in time to switch off the start using a common Characteristic curve is determined, for example a common characteristic for a warm and a cold Internal combustion engine is used.
- the open one-way clutch can be detected over the course of the starter current I S.
- the observation time up to which an open one-way clutch has to wait at least before the start can be switched off corresponds to the time for 0.8 to 1 half turn of the crankshaft at unchanged engine speed n without combustion torques, corresponding to the ignition interval for a 4-cylinder -Brennkraftmaschine.
- the factor 0.8 results because the warm-up phase and the starter motor do not fall below approximately 20% of the internal combustion engine cycle time when the overrunning clutch is closed.
- a speed determination of the speed n can take place via the closed phase of the freewheel clutch that precedes an opening phase of the one-way clutch according to the correlation between the starter current I S and the crankshaft speed n (warm characteristic curves).
- the corresponding starter current I S results in a correspondingly smaller assigned speed value n. This is compensated for at low internal combustion engine temperatures by the fact that there the relative adhesion phase at 0 ° C to typically 50 % or at -20 ° C to typically 70%. If one stays there at a factor of 0.8, an opening phase of the freewheel clutch is also safely bridged at negative temperatures.
- a cold internal combustion engine can be clearly detected via the high current level of the starter current I S and a slight reduction between the current maxima I 1 and I 2 , so that a switch to a longer waiting time, i.e. a correspondingly different time characteristic, can be carried out ,
- This has the advantage that, when the internal combustion engine is switched off, misfires (to a certain degree) do not lead to the internal combustion engine coming to a standstill. If necessary, in order to bridge at least one complete misfire in the time characteristic, a longer delay time can be set when the overrunning clutch is open.
- the starter current I S is evaluated in that, after the starter motor has been connected to the voltage source (motor vehicle battery), a preliminary phase is faded out up to the time t 0 .
- the gradients of the starter current I S are then continuously evaluated by forming the current maxima I 2 , I 4 , I 6 ... at the end of each phase with a positive slope. From the negative slope of the starter current I S, these values form a delay time up to which the negative slope of the starter current I S must continue unchanged in order to trigger a current shutdown.
- the function T shutdown f 1 (I 1 ) applies here to determine the warm or cold characteristic curves.
- the characteristic curves 14 and 16 shown in FIG. 2 can be determined as follows.
- FIG. 3 Another method for switching off an internal combustion engine is explained with reference to FIG. 3, in which the motor vehicle battery voltage U is used as the signal proportional to the starter current instead of the starter current I S.
- the course of the voltage U battery voltage
- the voltage U has a ripple that is opposite to the ripple of the starter current I S, that is to say the voltage U is falling in sections with increasing starter current I S and in sections with falling starter current I S the voltage U is rising.
- the times t 2 , t 4 and t 6 with the currents I 2 , I 4 and I 6 are entered in FIG. 3.
- the voltage U is tapped at a terminal of the starter motor, which is connected to the positive pole of the vehicle battery.
- U U Batt - I S (Ri Batt + Ri L )
- U Batt is the open circuit voltage of the motor vehicle battery
- I S the starter current
- Ri Batt the internal resistance of the motor vehicle battery
- Ri L the line resistance from the connection terminal to the motor vehicle battery.
- the internal battery resistance Ri Batt and the open circuit voltage U Batt are fundamentally dependent on the motor vehicle battery used, on the temperature and on the state of charge.
- the overall non-linear relationship is shown in the following table, with the open circuit voltage U Batt in volts and the battery internal resistance Ri Batt in milliohms: Battery charge temperature 0% 80% 50% + 20 ° C 12.00 / 5.00 11.76 / 5.45 11.51 / 6.14 0 ° C 11.69 / 5.75 11.43 / 6.24 11.17 / 6.88 -10 ° C 11.54 / 6.46 11.27 / 6.90 11.00 / 7.60 -20 ° C 11.38 / 7.56 11.11 / 8.07 10.83 / 8.65
- the line resistance Ri L in series with the battery internal resistance Ri Batt has a nominal resistance of 1 mOhm, corresponding to the line length from the positive connection of the motor vehicle battery to the connection terminal of the starter motor. This value depends on the temperature coefficient of the cable material, i.e. usually copper.
- the voltage U_0 thus contains the battery open circuit voltage minus the voltage drop due to the electrical consumers connected at this time.
- the required voltage window is between 10 V and +13 V.
- a necessary voltage window is 7 volts up to +13 volts.
- the start process must be in operation electrical auxiliary consumers located systematically recorded and over the entire time range of Start process are recorded. Is crucial the level and the course of each Currents, since under certain circumstances an elimination of the electrical auxiliary consumers via a suitably dimensioned Filter is done.
- FIG. 3 shows hatched time ranges, each of which corresponds to a time window in a phase of increasing voltage U.
- the phase of rising voltage U corresponds, according to FIG. 1, to the phase of a falling starter current I S , so that the same applies to starter current I S.
- the starting shutdown of the internal combustion engine results after the time period has been exceeded within a rising phase of voltage U at time t A.
- An increase in the accuracy of the determination of the switch-off point t A when evaluating the voltage U as a signal proportional to the starter current can be achieved by eliminating vehicle-specific setting variables, in particular with regard to the motor vehicle battery and the connecting line to the connecting terminal of the starter motor, and by having as little influence as possible on temperature and service life influences on the determination of the start shutdown.
- the voltage U at the connection terminal of the starter motor is first measured at the time of the maximum value of the starter current I S , that is to say the current I 1 at the time t 1 , at which the voltage U has its minimum U min .
- Istag is the estimated maximum starter current
- Ista is the simulated maximum starter current
- U Batt the motor vehicle battery open circuit voltage
- U min the minimum voltage at the connection terminal of the starter motor
- U xx the brush voltage of the starter motor plus the induced voltage of the starter motor
- Ri G the estimated battery internal resistance Ri Batt plus the Line resistance Ri L and Ra is a contact resistance plus a ground-side line resistance plus a winding resistance of the starter motor and a portion of the starter brushes.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1
- den Verlauf eines Starterstroms;
- Figur 2
- Korrelationen zwischen dem Starterstrom und einer Kurbelwellendrehzahl einer Brennkraftmaschine und
- Figur 3
- den Batteriespannungsverlauf während einer Startphase.
Iwk = 1000 A
I1/A | Nkwwarm l/min | Nkwkalt l/min | Tfenwarm/ ms | Tfenkalt/ ms |
100 | 270 | 220 | 89 | 109 |
200 | 240 | 190 | 100 | 126 |
300 | 210 | 160 | 114 | 150 |
400 | 180 | 130 | 133 | 185 |
500 | 150 | 100 | 160 | 240 |
600 | 120 | 70 | 200 | 343 |
700 | 90 | 40 | 267 | 600 |
800 | 60 | 10 | 400 | 2400 |
- I1 [A]
- das Strommaximum bei Beginn einer fallenden Stromkurve,
- Nkwwarm [l/min]
- die geschätzte Warmdrehzahl,
- Nkwkalt [l/min]
- die geschätzte Kaltdrehzahl,
- Tfenwarm [ms]
- die Mindestverzögerungszeit bei warmer Brennkraftmaschine und
- Tfenkalt [ms]
- die Mindestverzögerungszeit bei kalter Brennkraftmaschine ist.
Batterieladezustand Temperatur | 0 % | 80 % | 50 % |
+20°C | 12,00/5,00 | 11,76/5,45 | 11,51/6,14 |
0°C | 11,69/5,75 | 11,43/6,24 | 11,17/6,88 |
-10°C | 11,54/6,46 | 11,27/6,90 | 11,00/7,60 |
-20°C | 11,38/7,56 | 11,11/8,07 | 10,83/8,65 |
Batteriezustand | ||||
Ub0 [V] | 12,0 | 12,0 | 11,5 | 11,1 |
Ladezustand [%] | 100 | 100 | 80 | 80 |
RiBatt [mOhm] | 4 | 5 | 6,3 | 8,1 |
Starter-Umgeb.temp. T[°C] | 80 | 20 | 0 | -20 |
U30min[V] | 6,4 | 5,7 | 5,0 | 4,4 |
Ista[A] | 1020 | 960 | 820 | 700 |
Ri[mOhm] | 5,5 | 6,5 | 7,8 | 9,6 |
Istag[A] | 1050 (1128) | 949 | 770 | 615 |
Rig[mOhm] | 5,3 (5,0) | 6,6 | 8,4 | 10,9 |
Uista[V] | 0,4 | 0,5 | 0,32 | 0,29 |
Claims (11)
- Verfahren zur Startabschaltung einer Brennkraftmaschine, wobei ein mit der Brennkraftmaschine zum Andrehen in Eingriff bringbarer Startermotor bei Selbstlauf der Brennkraftmaschine ausgespurt und abgeschaltet wird, und der Zeitpunkt der Startabschaltung aus einem Verlauf eines Starterstromes des Startermotors ermittelt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein dem Starterstrom (IS) proportionales Signal zur Bestimmung des Zeitpunktes (tA) der Startabschaltung ausgewertet wird, wobei eine Kennlinie mit einem dem Starterstrom proportionalen Signal ausgewertet wird, welche von einem Betriebszustand der Brennkraftmaschine abhängig ist, wobei die Zeitkennlinie (tA = f(IS)) anhand eines ersten Strommaximums (I1) des Starterstromes (IS) ausgewählt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß während einer Welligkeit des Starterstromes (IS) beginnend mit den Strommaxima (I2, I4, I6) während eines fallenden Verlaufes des Starterstromes (IS) die Zeitdauer (t) mit negativem Gradient ermittelt und mit wenigstens einer fest abgelegten Zeitkennlinie verglichen wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kennlinien von einer Temperatur der Brennkraftmaschine abhängig sind.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in Abhängigkeit von einer wählbaren kritischen Temperatur (TKrit) bei Überschreiten der Betriebstemperatur der Brennkraftmaschine von der kritischen Temperatur (TKrit) eine Warmkennlinie und bei Unterschreiten eine Kaltkennlinie verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für eine warme und eine kalte Brennkraftmaschine eine gemeinsame Zeitkennlinie verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zeitkennlinien aus einer Korrelation zwischen einer Kurbelwellendrehzahl (n) und dem Starterstrom (IS) ermittelt werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gradienten des Starterstromes (IS) nach Ausblendung einer Vorphase ab einem Zeitpunkt (t0) ausgewertet werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als dem Starterstrom (IS) proportionales Signal die Kraftfahrzeugbatteriespannung (U) ausgewertet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei der Messung der Kraftfahrzeugbatteriespannung (U) ein Batterieinnenwiderstand (RiBatt) und ein Leitungswiderstand (RiL) von einer Anschlußklemme des Startermotors zur Kraftfahrzeugbatterie berücksichtigt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Einfluß weiterer momentaner elektrischer Verbraucher des Kraftfahrzeuges auf die Kraftfahrzeugbatteriespannung (U) eliminiert wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Einfluß kraftfahrzeugspezifischer Größen, insbesondere ein Ladungszustand der Batterie, eine Temperatur der Batterie, auf die Kraftfahrzeugbatteriespannung (U) eliminiert wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE1998/001815 WO2000001943A1 (de) | 1998-07-01 | 1998-07-01 | Verfahren zur startabschaltung einer brennkraftmaschine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1105642A1 EP1105642A1 (de) | 2001-06-13 |
EP1105642B1 true EP1105642B1 (de) | 2002-12-11 |
Family
ID=6918660
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98942474A Expired - Lifetime EP1105642B1 (de) | 1998-07-01 | 1998-07-01 | Verfahren zur startabschaltung einer brennkraftmaschine |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6363899B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1105642B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4469498B2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000001943A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1214517A1 (de) * | 1999-09-10 | 2002-06-19 | Intra International AB | System und verfahren zum schutz eines anlasssystems |
SE524561C2 (sv) * | 2000-04-25 | 2004-08-24 | Intra Internat Ab | Strömmätningskrets med två mätområden |
JP2002295346A (ja) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-09 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 自動車用スタータのオーバーラン防止装置および方法 |
US6799546B1 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2004-10-05 | Brunswick Corporation | Starting procedure for an internal combustion engine |
US6987330B2 (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2006-01-17 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method and system for controlling a belt-driven integrated starter generator |
JP4641181B2 (ja) * | 2004-08-26 | 2011-03-02 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | バッテリ状態管理装置及びバッテリ状態管理方法 |
DE102007014377A1 (de) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-02 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Starten einer Brennkraftmaschine |
DE102010040520A1 (de) * | 2010-09-09 | 2012-03-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum Bestimmen eines Zustands eines Startermotors |
JP6364897B2 (ja) * | 2014-04-02 | 2018-08-01 | 株式会社デンソー | エンジン始動装置 |
US9500174B2 (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2016-11-22 | Remy Technologies, L.L.C. | Internal combustion engine having a change of mind (COM) starter system and a COM starter system |
JP6590784B2 (ja) * | 2016-11-29 | 2019-10-16 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 内燃機関の始動制御装置 |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH01253566A (ja) * | 1988-04-01 | 1989-10-09 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | スタータ保護装置 |
DE19503537A1 (de) * | 1995-02-03 | 1996-08-08 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Schaltungsanordnung für Startvorrichtung von Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE19647286B4 (de) * | 1995-11-22 | 2007-06-14 | Volkswagen Ag | Anlasser für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine |
FR2746450B1 (fr) * | 1996-03-21 | 1998-06-12 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | Coupure d'un demarreur de vehicule automobile |
FR2754017B1 (fr) * | 1996-09-27 | 1998-12-18 | Valeo Electronique | Perfectionnements a la gestion de la coupure d'un demarreur de vehicule automobile |
FR2757220B1 (fr) * | 1996-12-13 | 1999-03-05 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | Perfectionnements aux procedes et aux systemes pour la commande de l'arret automatique d'un demarreur de vehicule automobile |
DE19722916C2 (de) * | 1997-05-31 | 2003-05-08 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren zur Startabschaltung eines Startermotors einer Brennkraftmaschine |
-
1998
- 1998-07-01 JP JP2000558309A patent/JP4469498B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-01 EP EP98942474A patent/EP1105642B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-01 US US09/446,467 patent/US6363899B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-07-01 WO PCT/DE1998/001815 patent/WO2000001943A1/de active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4469498B2 (ja) | 2010-05-26 |
EP1105642A1 (de) | 2001-06-13 |
US6363899B1 (en) | 2002-04-02 |
WO2000001943A1 (de) | 2000-01-13 |
JP2002519587A (ja) | 2002-07-02 |
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