EP1103286A1 - Dispositif de lutte contre l'incendie dans des tunnels - Google Patents

Dispositif de lutte contre l'incendie dans des tunnels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1103286A1
EP1103286A1 EP99123398A EP99123398A EP1103286A1 EP 1103286 A1 EP1103286 A1 EP 1103286A1 EP 99123398 A EP99123398 A EP 99123398A EP 99123398 A EP99123398 A EP 99123398A EP 1103286 A1 EP1103286 A1 EP 1103286A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sector
tunnel
fire
valve
valves
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99123398A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bruno Dr. Covelli
Markus Dr. Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Building Technologies AG filed Critical Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority to EP99123398A priority Critical patent/EP1103286A1/fr
Priority to EP00113659A priority patent/EP1103284A3/fr
Publication of EP1103286A1 publication Critical patent/EP1103286A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
    • A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
    • A62C3/0221—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires for tunnels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
    • A62C3/0292—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires by spraying extinguishants directly into the fire
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/58—Pipe-line systems
    • A62C35/64—Pipe-line systems pressurised
    • A62C35/645—Pipe-line systems pressurised with compressed gas in pipework
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
    • A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for fire fighting in tunnels, which with a fire alarm system.
  • the fire alarm system is preferably a fire or heat detection system, such as the linear heat detection system FibroLaser from Siemens Building Technologies AG, Cerberus Division.
  • This system includes a fiber optic cable mounted on the tunnel ceiling, its temperature based on the vibrations in the crystal lattice structure of the glass fiber is measured.
  • the size of the fire can be determined from the length of the heated cable section close, and the location of the fire is very accurate, can be located down to about 1.5 meters.
  • Fire alarm systems are a valuable aid for the fire brigade and are the prerequisite for effective fire fighting.
  • the recent tunnel fires have shown that it is, especially in tunnels with only one tube and without an emergency tube, for the fire brigade it is very difficult to get to the source of the fire and fight the fire.
  • the main reason for this is the immense heat development in the tunnel.
  • the invention is now intended to create a device which is capable of fighting fires in tunnels without the advance of emergency personnel during the fire to the location of the fire is required.
  • this problem is solved with a sprinkler system that can be triggered manually or automatically is not practical because it is very useful large water reserves would be required.
  • the tunnel wind can drop the water blow away.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that in the tunnel at intervals connected to a gas pipe acting as a storage for an inert gas and subsequently as sector valves designated opening fittings for the release of the inert gas via nozzles in one Tunnel sector are provided, and that when a fire is detected an automatic or Remote opening of at least the sector valve closest to the fire site he follows.
  • a first preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that that the sector valves on the ceiling or on a side wall of the tunnel are installed, and that the gas pipe is installed in the tunnel itself or in a parallel tunnel.
  • a second preferred embodiment is characterized in that the inert gas Nitrogen or argon formed and that the device is designed so that when opening a sector valve in its area an extinguishing concentration between 10 vol .-% and 12 vol .-% Oxygen is reached.
  • carbon dioxide has the best extinguishing effect, but is toxic and is harmful to health even at a concentration of 6 vol.% In the air we breathe. With an extinguishable concentration of CO 2 , this has fatal consequences after a few seconds.
  • Nitrogen on the other hand, is not toxic, so that with an extinguishable concentration of 10 to 12 vol.% Oxygen there is no immediate health hazard. For the intervention forces, nitrogen is not a hindrance to rescue, since it is non-toxic and does not tend to form fog. The same applies to argon.
  • a third preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that that the fire alarm system is formed by a linear heat alarm system, and that the sector valves can be actuated automatically by the heat detection system.
  • a fourth preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention for use in a tunnel having a ventilation device is characterized in that In the event of a fire, the ventilation device should be switched off immediately before opening a sector valve at the location of the fire and in a specific environment.
  • a fifth preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that that the fire alarm system is coupled to a video surveillance system, and that the sector valves are remotely controlled by the operators of the video surveillance system are operable.
  • the ventilation device is preferably switched off over a distance in the event of a fire about three times the length of a tunnel sector, before and after each Place of fire.
  • a seventh preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that that a sensor for monitoring the oxygen concentration in the concerned Tunnel sector or a timer is provided, by which or which The open sector valves are closed as soon as the oxygen concentration Falls below or would fall below a value of 11% by volume.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that that the pressure in the gas pipe 50 to 150 bar, preferably about 70 bar, and the Outside diameter of the gas pipe is 0.5 to 1.2 m, preferably about 0.7 m.
  • the drawing shows a perspective section of a Tunnels 1.
  • a fiber optic cable 2 On the ceiling of the tunnel 1, a fiber optic cable 2 is mounted, which is part of a FibroLaser type linear heat detection system (FibroLaser - registered trademark Siemens Building Technologies AG, Cerberus Division).
  • the system points in addition the fiber optic cable 2 still a laser light source and an opto-electronic receiver on.
  • the light generated by the laser is coupled into the fiber optic cable 2 and into it Guided in the longitudinal direction. Fluctuations in density of the quartz glass cause a continuous Scattering (Rayleigh scattering), which in turn attenuates the laser light. In addition a further light scatter occurs due to thermal lattice vibrations of the glass material so-called Raman scattering.
  • a fraction of the scattered light falls within the aperture angle of the waveguide and spreads both forward and backward.
  • the scattered light can be measured with a photo detector prove; by evaluating the intensity of the scatter, the local glass fiber temperature can be determined.
  • the local resolution of the temperature curve along the fiber optic cable 2 is done by measuring the attenuation of the waveguide light.
  • the size of the fire is one Function of the heated cable section: A short, heated section corresponds to a short one and a long, warmed distance corresponds to a big fire.
  • the glass fiber cable 2 is connected to an evaluation unit or control center 3, in which the signal of the optoelectronic receiver is evaluated.
  • the necessary displays such as the size of the fire, the tunnel sector affected by the fire, Direction of propagation and the like, and fire control systems are triggered.
  • Such Functions are for example traffic regulation, control of the ventilation system, control emergency lighting, control of an evacuation system, triggering an extinguishing device, Alarming of emergency services and information of people in the tunnel via acoustic and / or optical means, such as light panels or loudspeakers.
  • the extinguishing device is formed by a gas pipe 4, which is laid in a floor duct of the tunnel 1 or a parallel tunnel, or possibly mounted on the tunnel ceiling, which is filled with an inert gas, preferably with N 2 , and from which lines 5 via opening valves referred to as sector valves 6 are guided to nozzles 7 arranged at regular intervals on the tunnel ceiling.
  • the sector valves 6 are arranged as close as possible to the pressure-carrying gas pipe 4.
  • the lines 5, of which only one is shown in the drawing, are from the sector valve 6 to the Nozzles 7 normally free of pressure. They consist of an ascending one containing the sector valve 6 Branch and a horizontal branch carrying the nozzles 7 in the area of the tunnel ceiling. The ascending branch is laid in or on a side wall of the tunnel 1.
  • the sector valves 6 can be actuated individually via a control line 8 connected to the control center 3.
  • the pressure in the gas pipe 4 is approximately 50 to 150 bar and is preferably approximately 70 bar. Argon may possibly also be used as the inert gas.
  • the control center 3 evaluates the signal of the fiber optic cable 2 detects a fire the line 8 closest to the location of the fire is detected
  • the immediately adjacent sector valves 6 can also open one of the immediately adjacent sector valves 6 and thus a correspondingly longer tunnel area can be flooded with nitrogen.
  • the tunnel 1 is equipped with a ventilation 10, which by the Central 3 can be switched on and off in sections.
  • a ventilation 10 which by the Central 3 can be switched on and off in sections.
  • the FibroLaser system is activated by the control center 3 before the sector valve concerned is opened 6 the venilation in the area of this sector valve and an additional length of two up to three tunnel sections before and after the section valve mentioned, in total over one Length up to a maximum of one kilometer, parked. Then the deletion is triggered.
  • the oxygen concentration a value that is hazardous to health is reduced by oxygen sensors or possibly the section valve 6 is closed by a timer as soon as the oxygen concentration in the respective tunnel sector to a value of less than 11% by volume would decrease.
  • the fire fighting device described does not need to operate the sector valves necessarily a FibroLaser system or another linear heat detection system. Essential is that the tunnel is equipped with a false alarm-proof and fast fire alarm system is.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
EP99123398A 1999-11-24 1999-11-24 Dispositif de lutte contre l'incendie dans des tunnels Withdrawn EP1103286A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99123398A EP1103286A1 (fr) 1999-11-24 1999-11-24 Dispositif de lutte contre l'incendie dans des tunnels
EP00113659A EP1103284A3 (fr) 1999-11-24 2000-06-28 Système de lutte contre l'incendie pour tunnels routier

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99123398A EP1103286A1 (fr) 1999-11-24 1999-11-24 Dispositif de lutte contre l'incendie dans des tunnels

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1103286A1 true EP1103286A1 (fr) 2001-05-30

Family

ID=8239453

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99123398A Withdrawn EP1103286A1 (fr) 1999-11-24 1999-11-24 Dispositif de lutte contre l'incendie dans des tunnels

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1103286A1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10145136A1 (de) * 2001-09-13 2003-04-10 Bahn Station & Service Ag Deut Verfahren und Anordnung zur Abschottung von Feuer und Rauch an baulichen Anlagen
EP1312392A1 (fr) * 2001-11-15 2003-05-21 Wagner Alarm- und Sicherungssysteme GmbH Procédé et dispositif d'extinction d'incendies dans un tunnel
DE10352437A1 (de) * 2003-11-10 2005-06-16 Wagner Alarm- Und Sicherungssysteme Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Verhindern und Löschen von Bränden
EP1550482A1 (fr) * 2003-12-29 2005-07-06 Amrona AG Procédé d'inertisation pour l'extinction des incendies
WO2007118499A1 (fr) * 2006-04-19 2007-10-25 A.P.T. Engineering S.R.L. Système et procédé de protection des personnes dans un tunnel affecté par un incendie
EP2149391A1 (fr) * 2008-07-30 2010-02-03 Hansjürg Leibundgut Agencement destiné à éviter des feux
EP2404645A3 (fr) * 2010-06-17 2013-06-19 Kidde Technologies, Inc. Contrôleur programmable pour système de prévention d'incendies
CN108175972A (zh) * 2018-01-29 2018-06-19 中海监理有限公司 一种室内气体消防系统
CN108635714A (zh) * 2018-03-29 2018-10-12 中国矿业大学 一种深部地下消防系统

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10201873A (ja) * 1997-01-20 1998-08-04 Hochiki Corp トンネル防災システム
JPH10248951A (ja) * 1997-03-12 1998-09-22 Hochiki Corp トンネル防災システム
WO1999013949A1 (fr) * 1997-09-15 1999-03-25 Sundholm Goeran Appareil de lutte contre l'incendie

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10201873A (ja) * 1997-01-20 1998-08-04 Hochiki Corp トンネル防災システム
JPH10248951A (ja) * 1997-03-12 1998-09-22 Hochiki Corp トンネル防災システム
WO1999013949A1 (fr) * 1997-09-15 1999-03-25 Sundholm Goeran Appareil de lutte contre l'incendie

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1998, no. 13 30 November 1998 (1998-11-30) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1998, no. 14 31 December 1998 (1998-12-31) *

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10145136A1 (de) * 2001-09-13 2003-04-10 Bahn Station & Service Ag Deut Verfahren und Anordnung zur Abschottung von Feuer und Rauch an baulichen Anlagen
EP1312392A1 (fr) * 2001-11-15 2003-05-21 Wagner Alarm- und Sicherungssysteme GmbH Procédé et dispositif d'extinction d'incendies dans un tunnel
DE10156042A1 (de) * 2001-11-15 2003-05-28 Wagner Alarm Sicherung Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Löschen von Bränden in Tunneln
DE10352437A1 (de) * 2003-11-10 2005-06-16 Wagner Alarm- Und Sicherungssysteme Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Verhindern und Löschen von Bränden
US7350591B2 (en) 2003-11-10 2008-04-01 Wagner Alarm-Und Sicherungssysteme Gmbh Device for preventing and extinguishing fires
US9220937B2 (en) 2003-12-29 2015-12-29 Amrona Ag Inerting method and device for extinguishing a fire
EP1550482A1 (fr) * 2003-12-29 2005-07-06 Amrona AG Procédé d'inertisation pour l'extinction des incendies
WO2005063338A1 (fr) * 2003-12-29 2005-07-14 Amrona Ag Procede d'inertisation et dispositif pour eteindre un incendie
WO2007118499A1 (fr) * 2006-04-19 2007-10-25 A.P.T. Engineering S.R.L. Système et procédé de protection des personnes dans un tunnel affecté par un incendie
EP2149391A1 (fr) * 2008-07-30 2010-02-03 Hansjürg Leibundgut Agencement destiné à éviter des feux
EP2404645A3 (fr) * 2010-06-17 2013-06-19 Kidde Technologies, Inc. Contrôleur programmable pour système de prévention d'incendies
CN108175972A (zh) * 2018-01-29 2018-06-19 中海监理有限公司 一种室内气体消防系统
CN108635714A (zh) * 2018-03-29 2018-10-12 中国矿业大学 一种深部地下消防系统
CN108635714B (zh) * 2018-03-29 2023-06-13 中国矿业大学 一种深部地下消防系统

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