EP1101015B1 - Verfahren zur ansteuerung eines elektromagnetischen aktuators zur betätigung eines gaswechselventils an einer kolbenbrennkraftmaschine - Google Patents

Verfahren zur ansteuerung eines elektromagnetischen aktuators zur betätigung eines gaswechselventils an einer kolbenbrennkraftmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1101015B1
EP1101015B1 EP00941968A EP00941968A EP1101015B1 EP 1101015 B1 EP1101015 B1 EP 1101015B1 EP 00941968 A EP00941968 A EP 00941968A EP 00941968 A EP00941968 A EP 00941968A EP 1101015 B1 EP1101015 B1 EP 1101015B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
electromagnet
movement
current
gas exchange
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00941968A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1101015A1 (de
Inventor
Christian Boie
Hans Kemper
Lutz Kather
Gilles Corde
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FEV Europe GmbH
Original Assignee
FEV Motorentechnik GmbH and Co KG
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10019745A external-priority patent/DE10019745A1/de
Application filed by FEV Motorentechnik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical FEV Motorentechnik GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1101015A1 publication Critical patent/EP1101015A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1101015B1 publication Critical patent/EP1101015B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means

Definitions

  • An electromagnetic actuator for actuating a gas exchange valve on a piston internal combustion engine consists in essentially of two spaced apart Electromagnets, the pole faces of which face each other and between which a gas exchange valve to be actuated acting anchor against the force of at least one return spring between an open position and a closed position for the gas exchange valve to be moved back and forth is.
  • One of the electromagnets serves as Closing magnet through which the gas exchange valve counteracts the force the opening spring is held in the closed position during the other electromagnet serves as an opening magnet, through which the Gas exchange valve via the armature against the force of the assigned Closing spring is held in the open position.
  • the arrangement is such that the Anchor itself in a middle position between the two pole faces located. With alternating energization of the two The armature then comes against the electromagnet Force of a return spring on the pole face of the current supplied and thus catching electromagnets to the system. Becomes the holding current is switched off at the respective holding electromagnet, then the armature is driven by the force of the return spring accelerated towards the other electromagnet, the one corresponding during the anchor movement high catch current is applied so that after overshoot about the middle position of the armature by the magnetic force against the force of the electromagnet which is now catching Return spring comes to rest.
  • the electromagnetic actuator is activated in Dependence on the operating data available to the engine control the piston internal combustion engine, essentially the Load request and speed.
  • the gas exchange valve is located for example in its closed position, d. H. the The armature rests on the closing magnet, so it is activated essentially time-dependent, d. H. via the engine control taking into account the crankshaft position and the parameters from the load specification, which in each case the opening or Set the closing time for the gas exchange valve.
  • the time interval can be over previous ones empirical data or theoretical data can be determined.
  • the time at which the holding current is switched off is precise but it is not identical to the time the beginning of the armature movement because of the electromagnetic Processes, such as slow degradation of the holding magnetic field, and external influences, such as counter gas pressure the gas exchange valve to be opened, frictional resistances etc. there is a so-called “sticking time” for the anchor Anchor movement therefore takes place only with a certain Time delay after switching off the holding current.
  • the catching current If the catching current is switched on, it increases with increasing Approach of the anchor to the pole face of the catching Electromagnets with constant current supply the magnetic force progressively while the force acting in the opposite direction the return spring only rises linearly. This leads to the anchor in the final phase shortly before hitting the pole face of the catching electromagnet with increasing Acceleration moves, causing a hard impact the anchor comes on the pole face, which in many ways is disadvantageous, for example, by body and airborne sound excitation and the resulting noise. Around One tries to avoid this by means of a corresponding regulation the catching current shortly before the anchor hits the To reduce the pole area of the respective capturing electromagnet, whereby the approach of the armature is detected by a sensor system becomes.
  • This Approach values can then be controlled via the motor control or via a separate current control for the actuator be used to reduce the current so that the anchor at a speed just slightly above "zero" on the pole face, i.e. hits gently so that the person in question Electromagnet then only with the low holding current is to be applied.
  • DE-A-197 39 840 is a regulation for actuating a Gas exchange valve known in the form of a trajectory control the actual course of the movement via sensors the actuator is detected and constantly by a corresponding Regulation of the energization of the magnets with predetermined Target characteristics is adjusted so that the steep device is not left to its own dynamic.
  • the invention is based on the object of a method to create a much more accurate control of a electromagnetic actuator allows.
  • the "initiating the release of the anchor” is defined by the time of switching off, preferably of targeted reduction of the holding current.
  • the term "actual values of armature movement” contains in addition to the time of switching off the holding current in the first phase at least in the first and the second phase the respective position of the anchor, its speed and its acceleration. Depending on the type of sensors In addition to recording the position, the speed either recorded directly or from which the position is recorded resulting derivation of the path over time as well as the acceleration can be derived.
  • the anchor As soon as the anchor is noticeable from the pole face of the previously holding electromagnet has hardly been released the possibility of influencing the anchor and although neither by a corresponding energization of the previously holding electromagnets by early energization of the catching electromagnet with one from the energy expenditure acceptable current.
  • the anchor points at Passing through the middle position its highest speed on. In this area, external influences, such as cylinder pressure, Friction influences or actuator parameters affect the armature movement, but via the magnetic force can hardly be influenced. Therefore, it is especially low Speeds of the piston internal combustion engine and accordingly low movement speeds of the gas exchange valves, and thus the anchor is particularly advantageous if not only on catching electromagnets specifically guided the energization becomes.
  • a targeted guidance of the energization of the releasing Electromagnets instead of simply turning them off, allows to influence the course of movement of the armature also in this phase and a predetermined movement sequence also at the beginning of the movement to force.
  • Electromagnet can be controlled with regard to the current supply, that the anchor in a predeterminable distance range, a so-called “target window”, with a given Speed and an acceleration approaching "zero" emotional.
  • the third one, starting with reaching the target window Phase is characterized by a slow anchor speed and a high force effect of the catching magnet.
  • a slow anchor speed and a high force effect of the catching magnet In order to is in this phase about energizing the catching magnet controlled guidance of the anchor against the force of the Return spring possible up to the pole face, so that a minimum impact speed is ensured.
  • the actual values of the armature movement through a sensor system with digital signal acquisition and Signal processing can be detected.
  • sensors For example, the position, e.g. H. path and / or speed at the anchor or at one with the anchor connected guide rod, which is designed as a digital encoder is tapping, so that here very finely divided, signals picked up directly at the anchor are available.
  • the method can also be used with an analog or analog / digital realize working sensors.
  • An electromagnetic actuator 1 for actuating a gas exchange valve 2 consists essentially of a closing magnet 3 and an opening magnet 4, which are at a distance from each other are arranged and between which an anchor 5 against the Force of return springs, namely an opening spring 7 and a closing spring 8 is guided to move back and forth.
  • the drawing shows the arrangement in the closed position namely in the "classic" arrangement of the opening spring and the closing spring.
  • the closing spring acts 8 directly via one with the stem 2.1 of the gas exchange valve 2 connected spring plate 2.2.
  • the guide rod 11 of the electromagnetic actuator is separated from the shaft 2.1, is usually in the closed position here Gap in the form of the so-called valve clearance VS is present.
  • the Opener spring 7 is in turn supported on a spring plate 11.1 on the guide rod 11, so that in the middle position under the opposing effect of opening spring 7 and Closing spring 8 the guide rod 11 on the shaft 2.1 of the gas exchange valve 2 is supported.
  • the closing spring 8 and the opening spring 7 are usually like this designed that at rest, d. H. with de-energized Electromagnet of the armature 5 is in the middle position. From this middle position must then be in an appropriate Procedure of the electromagnetic actuator 2 with its gas exchange valve 2 can be swung.
  • the energization of the electromagnets 3 and 4 of the actuator 1 takes place via a current controller 9.1 assigned to it by an electronic engine control 9 according to the given Control programs and depending on the engine control supplied operating data, such as speed, temperature etc. controlled. While it's basically possible one for all actuators on a piston internal combustion engine Providing central current regulator is it for the process expedient according to the invention if each actuator has its own Current controller is associated with a central power supply 9.2 is connected and that of the engine control 9 is controlled.
  • a sensor 10 is assigned to the actuator 1, which detects the which enables actuator functions.
  • the sensor 10 is shown here schematically.
  • the path of the armature 5 can be detected. so that the respective armature position of the motor controller 9 and / or the current controller 9.1 can be transmitted.
  • the Motor control 9 or the current regulator 9.1 can then be used via appropriate Arithmetic operations, if necessary, also the anchor speed be determined so that depending on the anchor position and / or depending on the anchor speed controlled the energization of the two electromagnets 3, 4 can be.
  • the sensor 10 does not necessarily have to, as shown, one associated with the armature 5 connected push rod 11.1 his. It is also possible to have a suitably trained Sensor to assign the armature 5 laterally or also corresponding sensors in the area of the pole face of the respective Arrange electromagnets.
  • the current controller 9.1 also has corresponding means for detection of current and voltage for the respective electromagnet 3 and 4 and for changing the current profile and of the voltage curve. Via the engine control 9 then depending on predefinable operating programs, if necessary based on corresponding maps, the actuator 1 of the Gas exchange valve 2 can be controlled fully variably, so that for example with regard to the start and end of the Opening hours. Control with regard to the amount of Opening stroke or the number of opening strokes during the Closing times are controllable.
  • FIG. 1 in relation to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 with line 12 schematically the speed curve the armature 5 after detaching from the pole face of the holding Electromagnet 3 shown.
  • This speed curve is essentially in five Movement areas A, B, C, D and E divided by the dotted bordered fields are marked.
  • the area A comprises the vicinity of the pole face of the electromagnet 3, while the area E is the vicinity of the capturing electromagnet 4 includes. The importance of these near areas becomes explained in more detail below.
  • the areas A and B are essentially characterized by that with an economic energy coupling in the catching electromagnet 4 after switching off the holding current the force effect of the electromagnet 4 is extremely low is.
  • a detection of the armature movement by the coil current in the catching electromagnet 4 is because of the very small Values are measurable but can only be implemented with great effort. In these areas, however, external movements can result from the armature movement Influences such as cylinder pressure, friction and System parameters of the actuator can be identified.
  • To the System parameters of the actuator also include changes in the Movement behavior of the armature due to temperature influences or due to wear. The identification of these parameters is done by processing the sensors in this Phase detected sensor signals. This is preferred noise-reduced methods are used, in particular Kalman filters, neural networks, state observers.
  • the close range A of the holding magnet 3 is also characterized by a strong force of the holding magnet as long as here the holding current is present until the residual magnetic field is reduced.
  • the anchor points directly in this area only a slow speed after detaching from the pole face on. This makes it possible to use an appropriate one Current supply to the holding magnet, for example switching on one Voltage pulse for generating a repulsive magnetic field, the initial movement and thus the initial speed of the anchor. But that also means Possibility of targeted energy reduction in mechanical System with high spring stiffness around a flat movement to realize and so a gentle entrainment of the valve through the anchor bolt in the presence of valve clearance to reach.
  • area C which is practically a quasi free flight area, there is only a small force effect on both sides of the previously holding electromagnet 3 and of the now catching Electromagnet 4 at a very high speed of the anchor.
  • the movement is conditioned by these conditions practically cannot be influenced specifically. That is also this area can preferably be used to identify parameters, with the back pressure, the friction behavior and other disturbances are correlated.
  • This area can but also for precise, position-based feedforward control, for example for switching on the coil voltage at the trap Electromagnet 4 can be used. Even those covered here Actual values of the armature movement are used for evaluation in the Current regulator 9.1 considered.
  • This transition area between D and E is the so-called "target window" a predetermined distance range of the armature to the pole face of the capturing electromagnet 4.
  • Fig. 3 is in a Fig. 2 associated representation of Course of the coil current in the capturing electromagnet 4 the opening movement described.
  • the electromagnet 4 can be seen initially remain de-energized.
  • the catching electromagnet is energized and in its Course depending on the previously in phase I and in the actual values of the armature movement determined in phase II are influenced that the given target window in the transition area between phase II and area III.
  • the capture current in the catching electromagnet 4 targeted to the level of Holding current IH are returned, so that then Valve 2 is in the open position.
  • Fig. 2 that is Target window 13 through the cutting area 13.1 between the areas D and E marked.
  • the catching electromagnet 4 to be energized already in phase I.
  • the current level, which is appropriately clocked is set so that it is in about the height to be expected according to the measurement parameters corresponds to a predeterminable distance of the armature to the pole face. This ensures that the anchor arrives early reaches the area of influence of the "capturing" magnetic field and can be influenced in its movement.
  • the sensor movement detects the armature movement and thus the anchor position is continuously recorded it is possible to detect the valve clearance VS during the opening process and thus the target window for the subsequent closing process to specify and target the anchor in its movement to be able to lead.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
EP00941968A 1999-05-27 2000-05-20 Verfahren zur ansteuerung eines elektromagnetischen aktuators zur betätigung eines gaswechselventils an einer kolbenbrennkraftmaschine Expired - Lifetime EP1101015B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19924374 1999-05-27
DE19924374 1999-05-27
DE10019745 2000-04-20
DE10019745A DE10019745A1 (de) 1999-05-27 2000-04-20 Verfahren zur Ansteuerung eines elektromagnetischen Aktuators zur Betätigung eines Gaswechselventils an einer Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine
PCT/EP2000/004584 WO2000073634A1 (de) 1999-05-27 2000-05-20 Verfahren zur ansteuerung eines elektromagnetischen aktuators zur betätigung eines gaswechselventils an einer kolbenbrennkraftmaschine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1101015A1 EP1101015A1 (de) 2001-05-23
EP1101015B1 true EP1101015B1 (de) 2002-09-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00941968A Expired - Lifetime EP1101015B1 (de) 1999-05-27 2000-05-20 Verfahren zur ansteuerung eines elektromagnetischen aktuators zur betätigung eines gaswechselventils an einer kolbenbrennkraftmaschine

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6340008B1 (ja)
EP (1) EP1101015B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2003500600A (ja)
AT (1) ATE223553T1 (ja)
WO (1) WO2000073634A1 (ja)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7089895B2 (en) 2005-01-13 2006-08-15 Motorola, Inc. Valve operation in an internal combustion engine

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002231530A (ja) * 2001-02-07 2002-08-16 Honda Motor Co Ltd 電磁アクチュエータ制御装置
US6536387B1 (en) * 2001-09-27 2003-03-25 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Electromechanical engine valve actuator system with loss compensation controller
US6701876B2 (en) * 2001-09-27 2004-03-09 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Electromechanical engine valve actuator system with reduced armature impact
US6805079B1 (en) * 2001-11-02 2004-10-19 Diana D. Brehob Method to control electromechanical valves
US6975016B2 (en) * 2002-02-06 2005-12-13 Intel Corporation Wafer bonding using a flexible bladder press and thinned wafers for three-dimensional (3D) wafer-to-wafer vertical stack integration, and application thereof
DE10244541A1 (de) * 2002-09-25 2004-04-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Durchführung einer Regelung der Position von Nockenwellenstellern
JP4007320B2 (ja) * 2003-12-17 2007-11-14 トヨタ自動車株式会社 内燃機関の動弁装置
US10693358B2 (en) 2017-02-03 2020-06-23 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Reciprocating electromagnetic actuator with flux-balanced armature and stationary cores

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3024109A1 (de) * 1980-06-27 1982-01-21 Pischinger, Franz, Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr.Techn., 5100 Aachen Elektromagnetisch arbeitende stelleinrichtung
DE19739840A1 (de) * 1997-09-11 1999-03-18 Daimler Benz Ag Elektromagnetisch betätigbare Stellvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betreiben der Stellvorrichtung

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US5636601A (en) * 1994-06-15 1997-06-10 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Energization control method, and electromagnetic control system in electromagnetic driving device
DE4434684A1 (de) 1994-09-28 1996-04-04 Fev Motorentech Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zur Steuerung der Ankerbewegung einer elektromagnetischen Schaltanordnung
JP3315275B2 (ja) * 1994-11-04 2002-08-19 本田技研工業株式会社 対向二ソレノイド型電磁弁の制御装置
DE19605974A1 (de) * 1996-02-06 1997-08-07 Kloeckner Moeller Gmbh Elektronische Schaltmagnetansteuerung zum Einschalten und Halten eines Schützes
JPH1073011A (ja) * 1996-08-30 1998-03-17 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd 電磁動弁駆動制御装置
DE19723931A1 (de) * 1997-06-06 1998-12-10 Siemens Ag Einrichtung zum Steuern eines elektromechanischen Stellgeräts
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JPH11148326A (ja) 1997-11-12 1999-06-02 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd 電磁駆動バルブの制御装置
JP3465568B2 (ja) * 1998-01-19 2003-11-10 トヨタ自動車株式会社 内燃機関の電磁駆動弁制御装置
JP3629362B2 (ja) * 1998-03-04 2005-03-16 愛三工業株式会社 エンジンバルブ駆動用電磁バルブの駆動方法

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3024109A1 (de) * 1980-06-27 1982-01-21 Pischinger, Franz, Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr.Techn., 5100 Aachen Elektromagnetisch arbeitende stelleinrichtung
DE19739840A1 (de) * 1997-09-11 1999-03-18 Daimler Benz Ag Elektromagnetisch betätigbare Stellvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betreiben der Stellvorrichtung

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7089895B2 (en) 2005-01-13 2006-08-15 Motorola, Inc. Valve operation in an internal combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1101015A1 (de) 2001-05-23
ATE223553T1 (de) 2002-09-15
JP2003500600A (ja) 2003-01-07
WO2000073634A1 (de) 2000-12-07
US6340008B1 (en) 2002-01-22

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