EP1091855B1 - Sheet offset printing method and sheet offset printing press - Google Patents

Sheet offset printing method and sheet offset printing press Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1091855B1
EP1091855B1 EP99955959A EP99955959A EP1091855B1 EP 1091855 B1 EP1091855 B1 EP 1091855B1 EP 99955959 A EP99955959 A EP 99955959A EP 99955959 A EP99955959 A EP 99955959A EP 1091855 B1 EP1091855 B1 EP 1091855B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
sheet
housing
powder
printing press
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99955959A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1091855A1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Peter Koch
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Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
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Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
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Publication of EP1091855A1 publication Critical patent/EP1091855A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing
    • B41F23/04—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
    • B41F23/044—Drying sheets, e.g. between two printing stations
    • B41F23/0443—Drying sheets, e.g. between two printing stations after printing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing
    • B41F23/04—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
    • B41F23/06—Powdering devices, e.g. for preventing set-off
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H29/00—Delivering or advancing articles from machines; Advancing articles to or into piles
    • B65H29/24—Delivering or advancing articles from machines; Advancing articles to or into piles by air blast or suction apparatus
    • B65H29/245—Air blast devices
    • B65H29/246—Air blast devices acting on stacking devices
    • B65H29/247—Air blast devices acting on stacking devices blowing on upperside of the sheet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sheet-fed offset printing method according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a sheetfed offset printing press according to the preamble of claim 14.
  • a printing method and a printing press of this type are described in DE-A-199 01 670, which was not published on the relevant date for the priority of the present application day.
  • the powder which usually consists of starch, absorbs there a portion of the existing liquid, for example surface water originating from the dampening solution supply and optionally also more volatile or less viscous constituents of the printing ink. Since the liquid absorbed by the powder does not or significantly slows down in the substrate and also does not participate in the chemical cross-linking process of the ink, on the one hand the moisture content of the sheet when depositing on the sheet stack higher, causing the drying delays and required until further processing of the printed products Time lasts longer. On the other hand, the liquid picked up by the powder may also cause the rubbing resistance of the ink to decrease as powder particles deposited on the wet ink rub off, thereby exposing incompletely dried dot-shaped surface areas of the ink underneath.
  • the present invention seeks to further improve a sheet-fed offset printing process and a sheet-fed offset printing machine of the type mentioned in terms of reducing the powder spread.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the main transport routes for fluidized powder in the housing of the sheet delivery due to the suction effect of the sheet conveyor along the latter run, the air flow along the empty strand powder transported in the direction of the printing press.
  • the supply and / or by the extraction of air along the return strand as described in DE-A-199 01 670, a large part of the entrained powder can be eliminated, especially if according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention by the supply and / or extraction of air is generated by the empty strand transverse to the direction of movement passing through the air flow, which causes an interruption of the powder-laden air flow along the empty strand.
  • a negative pressure is generated behind the point of interruption, which is used for the suction of powder-laden air from other areas of the sheet delivery can lead.
  • the air flows within the housing for in the direction of movement of the return strand behind the point at which the air is sucked off and / or supplied to dissipate by the suction effect of the empty strand along the same entrained powder-laden air from the flow path of the return strand, not loaded with powder air supplied into the housing.
  • This preferably pre-cleaned air replaces the discharged powder-laden air and prevents the subsequent flow of powder-laden air from other areas of the sheet delivery due to a negative pressure that can occur in an interruption of the flow path along the empty section.
  • the influx of powder-laden air from the area of a powder dusting device or a winningertrums the sheet conveyor in the flow path along the return strand are hindered or blocked by mechanical or fluidic means to an entry of powder from others Areas of the sheet delivery to reduce or completely stop.
  • the supply of the non-powdered air can be done by either air is blown from the outside into the housing and / or sucked by a negative pressure generated in the housing due to an interruption of the powder-laden air flow along the empty strand from the outside.
  • the last-mentioned variant has the advantage that, firstly, the amount of air injected for interrupting the air flow and / or for flushing purposes can be kept low and, secondly, that any powdered particles which might be contained in this air are transported in the direction of the printing press.
  • the air intake takes place in the simplest case through ventilation slots or ventilation grille in the top of the housing through which air exits from the interior of the sheet delivery in conventional printing machines.
  • the blown and / or sucked air is deflected when entering the housing in the direction of the printing press and then flows (as in conventional sheet displays the powdered air) by the suction of the sheet conveyor along the return strand to the delivery drum of the printing press. Since the housing of the sheet delivery is closed in this area, the air is deflected there together with the sheet conveyor and flows below and above the conveyed by the conveyor belt arch again in the direction of the powder apparatus. This air flow forms an air cushion above and below the freshly printed sheet, which may possibly be slightly reinforced on the underside by supplying air through the sheet guide plate and ensures an extremely smooth running of the bow.
  • Applicant believes that an almost complete absence of powder in this air cushion, i. in the vicinity of a lying between the printing machine and the powder apparatus section of the conveying run of the sheet conveyor that powder can only reach the surface of the wet substrate and the wet ink, if this is already pre-dried by repelling water and liquid binder components of the ink, so that less liquid can be absorbed or bound by the powder.
  • the powder does not stick to a pre-dried surface of the ink, which often led to loss of quality in conventional printing without additional UV or IR drying, especially on high-gloss printing.
  • Mechanical means for blocking an influx of powder-laden air include, in particular, a dividing wall arranged between the return strand and the conveying run, which expediently extends over the entire width of the sheet delivery and over at least part of the length of the delivery of sheets, preferably beginning at the point where the air is sucked and / or supplied along the empty strand or the powder-laden air flow is interrupted, and then extends to the vicinity of the delivery drum of the printing machine.
  • Fluidic means for impeding an influx of powder-laden air into the flow path along the return path include, in particular, extraction of powder-laden air, supply of non-powdered air, or generation of targeted airflows which prevent powder laden air from entering the empty-path flow path ,
  • powdered air is sucked in the vicinity of the powder apparatus, preferably at the printing machine facing the rear edge of a serving for air extraction and air supply air-suction and Umlenkwanne to unwanted turbulence of powder away from the powder apparatus due to air turbulence prevent in the vicinity of the latter and at the same time direct a portion of the fresh air supplied into the housing of the display after passing through the slack side in the region of the powder apparatus in the direction of the printed sheet.
  • an air switch can be arranged above the powder apparatus, which in each case deflects a portion of the supplied air past the front and / or the printing machine-side rear side of the powder apparatus downwards.
  • the part directed to the front side is preferably part of the fresh air used for interrupting the air flow, which is blown in from above through the empty strand, while the part directed to the rear side Part is a part of the outside of the point of interruption sucked into the housing of the sheet delivery air.
  • the powder consumption can be extremely, i. be reduced to about 10% of the previously required quantities.
  • the powder essentially reaches only where it is needed, namely on the surface of the sheet, on the other hand, because there is significantly less powder needed due to the previously caused superficial drying of the printing ink and the substrate to a dropping the bow to prevent.
  • less powder consumption also means less powder emissions in the vicinity of the sheet delivery, so that this problem can likewise be largely eliminated.
  • additional air suction devices can additionally be provided, which serve to suck powder between the edges of the sheet outlet opening and the edges of the printed sheet before it is blown down from the delivery fans through the sheet exit opening into the vicinity of the sheet delivery to achieve a further reduction of powder emissions in the environment.
  • These are preferably an optionally equipped with brushes, arranged above the empty strand nozzle box from which clean air is blown down in the direction of the empty strand, arranged below the nozzle box in the space between the slack side and the delivery, possibly equipped with brushes air Extraction and deflection tub, each of which sucks a portion of the air or deflects in the direction of the printing press, and arranged in the direction of the empty strand behind the nozzle box and the tub air storage, from which the generated negative pressure sucks through air openings clean air into the housing of the sheet delivery ,
  • the air storage can be kept under a slight overpressure, so that the air is always fed into the interior of the housing of the sheet delivery.
  • the air in the interior of the air reservoir is preferably under atmospheric pressure. This allows according to a further preferred embodiment or alternative of the invention, a simple control of the air supply as a function of the printing speed, because higher printing speeds require higher running speeds of the sheet delivery, which in turn causes a stronger suction effect is sucked through the more air from the air reservoir.
  • paper sheets are successively transferred by means of an automated sheet feeder 4 from a paper stack 8 arranged in a sheet feeder 6 of the printing machine 2 to a feeder drum 10 of a first printing unit 12 and then through the first printing unit 12 and possibly further of the total of eight printing units (only two shown) transported to one or both sides on one or more colors to print.
  • the chain boom 20 consists essentially of two guided in opposite lateral guide rails parallel chains (not shown), which are connected at regular intervals by the gripper systems also referred to as bow gripper 18.
  • the chain boom 20 has a lower, the bow conveying conveying strand (leading system) 30, which is moved from the two sprockets 31 of a delivery drum 32 obliquely upwards and then deflected in the horizontal, before there are two drive sprockets 34 at the free end of Sheet delivery 22 reached.
  • Its upper return strand (return system) 36 moves horizontally from the sprockets 34 in the direction of the printing machine 2, before it is deflected obliquely downwards and returned to the delivery drum 32.
  • each sheet is guided in the direction of movement of the conveying 30 by Bogenleitbleche 38 contactlessly laterally adjustable Leitbügelbläsern 40 and over a arranged behind sheet brake 42 and then reaches an arc outlet opening 44 on the underside of the horizontal portion of the housing 24 of the sheet delivery 22.
  • the transferred by the gripper 18 to the sheet brake 42 and braked sheet with the help of several, arranged on the outlet opening 44 Auslagelmediaer 46 down to the sheet stacking stack 26 are blown. This rests on a lifting mechanism 48, which lowers the stack 26 in synchronism with the speed of the sheet feed.
  • the powder apparatus 50 In the vicinity of the upper end of the inclined portion of the chain conveyor 20 just before the deflection of the conveying strand 30 in the horizontal above the powder apparatus 50 is disposed in the intermediate space 52 between the conveying strand 30 and the empty strand 36 above.
  • the powder apparatus 52 dusted the top of the held by the sheet grippers 18 of the conveying strand 30 damp sheet with a finely powdered starch powder to prevent sticking (donning) of the sheets during subsequent stacking.
  • the powder apparatus 50 consists essentially of a transverse to the direction of movement of the chain conveyor 20 through the gap 52 extending pipe 54 having a plurality of powder discharge slots on its underside.
  • the starch powder is supplied by means of a blower (not shown) connected to the tube 54, the dosage depending on the size and color intensity of the printed areas.
  • two rows of brushes 76, 92 are provided which extend over the entire width of the sheet delivery and from above or from below in the path of movement of the empty strand 36 protrude.
  • the ends of the bristles of the brushes 76, 92 each bend in the passage of the gripper systems 18 so that they can pass through the brushes 76, 92, but prevent with the formation of a running along the empty strand in the direction of the printing machine air flow, with the powder the front part of the display 22 to the rear in the vicinity of the impression cylinder 16 and the delivery drum 32 can pass.
  • nozzle box 58 disposed above the return strand 36, which is provided on its underside with air outlet nozzles through which powder-free air is blown into the housing 24 from above.
  • nozzle box 58 below the nozzle box 58 is a combined air-suction and Umlenkwanne 56 in the intermediate space 52nd arranged between the conveying strand 30 and the empty strand 36, which serves to suck off a portion of the injected air together with the cleaned off from the slack side powder and to redirect the rest of the air in the direction of the printing press.
  • an air flow or air curtain is generated, which traverses the flow path of the sliver 36 transversely to the direction of movement and interrupts along with the brushes 76, 92 extending along the slipper track 36 powder-laden air flow.
  • the air suction and Umlenkwanne 56 consists essentially of a thin-walled flat housing 62.
  • the housing 62 extends below the lateral guides of the slack side 36 over the entire inside width of the chain boom 20 and forms a continuous closed partition wall between a flow path along the conveying run 30 and a flow path along the empty strand 36.
  • the housing 62 has a multiply bent in the direction of movement of the chain conveyor 20 upper housing wall 64, so that two flat troughs 66 are formed by an interposed therebetween Survey 68 are separated.
  • the upper housing wall 64 is further provided with spaced rows of powder suction slots 70.
  • suction slots 70 While adjacent center rows of suction slots 70 are respectively located at the lowest points of the wells 66, outer rows are disposed in close proximity to the opposite outer edges of the housing 62. Of the rows of powder suction slots 70, the obliquely downwardly directed slots 70 are subjected to the greatest pressure on the outer edge facing the printing press. Each of the rows of slots is connected by a suction channel 72 disposed within the housing 62 with one of four suction nozzle 74, which project beyond the pressure-side edge of the tub 56.
  • the suction nozzle 74 open into an air suction pipe 75, which is connected via a dust collector with cyclone and fine filter with a suction fan (not shown).
  • adjustable flow control valves 77 are arranged in front of the junctions of each suction nozzle 74 into the air suction pipe 75.
  • the valves 77 consist essentially of a threaded rod 79, which passes through a threaded bore in the wall of the air exhaust pipe 75 and at its inner and outer ends rotationally fixed with a disk-shaped plate 81 and an adjusting 83 is provided.
  • the brush 76 is located in that trough 66, which is first swept by the passing over the housing 62 Leertrum 36 of the chain arm 20 first.
  • the housing 62 further has a lower housing wall 80 which is provided between the two wells 66 and below the elevation 68 of the upper housing wall 64 with an upwardly recessed bulge 82, whose cross-section has the shape of an inverted U.
  • the housing wall 80 encloses the transverse drive shaft 60 which is arranged between the empty strand 36 and the delivery strand 30 and whose upper side carries the housing 62. To reduce the friction between the slow-running drive shaft 60 and the lower housing wall 80, this is provided in the bulge 82 with a Teflon coating.
  • the air-suction and Umlenkwanne 56 is supported on the drive shaft 60 so that they only with a few screws on opposite side cheeks of Chain boom 20 must be attached to hold them in place.
  • the serving as an air supply nozzle box 58 consists of a flat metal housing, which is provided on its the Leertrum 36 facing flat bottom with a plurality of air outlet nozzles through which the passing under the nozzle box 58 sheet gripper 18 of the chain conveyor 20 can be showered with air.
  • On the bottom of the brush 92 is further mounted in the direction of movement of the empty strand 36 immediately behind the brush 76 of the air-suction and Umlenkwanne 56.
  • the nozzle box 58 is connected by an air line (not shown) via an interposed controllable throttle valve 102 with a compressor 108, which sucks atmospheric air from the environment of the printing machine 2 and compressed to a pressure between 1.5 and 3.5 bar. Between the compressor 108 and the nozzle box 58, a particulate filter 110 is interposed to make the air supplied into the nozzle box 58 dust-free.
  • the amount of air supplied into the nozzle box 58 is between 30 and 50 m 3 / h and is dimensioned so that only a part is sucked through the powder intake slots 70 of the air suction and deflection trough 56, while the remaining air at the top of the air Suction and deflection trough 56 is deflected in the direction of the printing machine 2.
  • the air is supplied at a relatively low pressure of 1.5 to 2 bar, while the air pressure at a downstream cleaning of the sheet delivery 22 is increased to 3 to 3.5 bar.
  • the controllable throttle valve 102 in the air line allows a pulsed air supply into the nozzle box 58th
  • the chains and guide rails 28 of the chain arm 20 remain clean and saturated with fat, so that a powder-related wear can be prevented.
  • an air reservoir 97 is arranged on the upper side of the sheet delivery 22, the clean, i. air not loaded with powder is supplied from the particulate filter 110, which is then sucked through the ventilation grille 95 in place of ambient air.
  • the air in the air reservoir 97 is preferably maintained at atmospheric pressure, so that more or less dried air is supplied into the interior of the housing 24 in dependence on the height of the negative pressure generated by the slack side 36 of the sheet delivery arm 20. In this way, since the amount of negative pressure increases with the running speed of the sheet delivery arm 20, a simple printing speed-dependent control of the air supply can be achieved.
  • extended sheet delivery 22 are in the lower horizontal portion at two points ever another connected to the particulate filter 110 air reservoir 97 disposed over a ventilation grille in the housing top to ensure that the powder-free air to the delivery drum 32 and the Counter-pressure cylinder 16 of the printing press 2 is transported.
  • a parallel to the chain conveyor 20 partition 99 can be arranged between the return strand 36 and the conveying strand 30 of the sheet delivery, the reversal of the air flow before reaching the printing press 2 and a generation of powder-laden cross flows from the range of the delivery up into the flow path the empty strand 36 prevented.
  • the partition wall 99 may extend to the rear outer edge of the trough 56 to prevent in this way above the powder apparatus 50 an entry of powder in the injected or sucked clean air and thus in the flow path of the empty strand 36.
  • the partition 99 extends almost to the delivery drum 32nd
  • the air-accumulator shown in Fig. 7 extended Bogenauslage 22 additionally also in the direction of movement of the empty strand 36 before the air reservoir 97 another nozzle box 59 and one below the nozzle box 58 disposed between the return strand 36 and the delivery 30 and Heilabsaug- Gutumlenkwanne 57, the function and structure including two brush assemblies 91, 93 corresponds substantially to that of the nozzle box 58 and the air-suction and Umlenkwanne 56.
  • the trough 57 is somewhat shallower than the trough 58 and is supported by the side cheeks of the sheet delivery arm 20. For even longer sheet displays 22 and two such combinations of pan 57, nozzle box 59 and air storage 97 may be provided.
  • the air flow is interrupted along the empty strand 36 and deflected down to the conveying strand 30, as shown in Fig. 7.
  • the interrupted air flow enters a part of the air blown through the nozzle box 59 and the air sucked from the air reservoir 97 through the suction effect of the empty strand 36 are conveyed in the direction of the printing machine 2.
  • the blown by means of or nozzle boxes 58, 59 or sucked from the air storage 97 and transported by the suction of the empty section 36 of the sheet delivery arm 20 along the same to the delivery drum 32 forms above and below the arc an air cushion, to calm the sheet run contributes.
  • the air cushion generated on the underside of the sheet can be supplemented and reinforced by supplying air from the sheet guide plates 38.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Delivering By Means Of Belts And Rollers (AREA)
  • Separation, Sorting, Adjustment, Or Bending Of Sheets To Be Conveyed (AREA)
  • Printing Methods (AREA)
  • Feeding Of Articles By Means Other Than Belts Or Rollers (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)
  • Sheets, Magazines, And Separation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

A sheet offset printing method and a sheet offset printing press includes altering flow relationships in an interior of a housing of a sheet delivery of a sheet-fed printing machine to prevent uncontrolled spread of powder in the housing by extracting powder-laden air from the housing and/or feeding air into the housing from outside at a point along a return belt of a sheet conveying device. Air currents are channeled inside the housing by feeding air not laden with powder into the housing and/or leading the air into an air flow path along the return belt downstream of the point with respect to a return belt motion direction to transport the unladen air toward a printing unit by a drag effect of the return belt and/or impeding/blocking a supply of powder-charged air from around a conveyor belt of the sheet-conveyor or a powder-scattering device into a flow path along the return belt.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Bogenoffsetdruckverfahren nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und eine Bogenoffsetdruckmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 14.The invention relates to a sheet-fed offset printing method according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a sheetfed offset printing press according to the preamble of claim 14.

Ein Druckverfahren und eine Druckmaschine dieser Art sind in der DE-A-199 01 670 beschrieben, die an dem für den Zeitrang der vorliegenden Anmeldung maßgeblichen Tag noch nicht veröffentlicht war.A printing method and a printing press of this type are described in DE-A-199 01 670, which was not published on the relevant date for the priority of the present application day.

In der vorgenannten Patentanmeldung wurde bereits vorgeschlagen, gezielt Luft ins Innere des Gehäuses einer Bogenauslage einer Bogenoffsetdruckmaschine zuzuführen, um durch Veränderung der Strömungsverhältnisse eine unkontrollierte Ausbreitung von Puder im Inneren der Auslage bzw. in die Umgebung der Bogenauslage zu verhindern. Dabei konnten im Hinblick auf eine Begrenzung der Puderausbreitung und eine Reduzierung der benötigten Pudermengen besonders gute Ergebnisse erzielt werden, wenn die Luft in einem in Bewegungsrichtung eines Fördertrums der Bogenauslage hinter einer Puderbestäubungseinrichtung liegenden Bereich von oben her durch das Leertrum hindurch in das Gehäuse zugeführt und/oder gleichzeitig puderbelastete Luft aus diesem Bereich abgesaugt wurde.In the aforementioned patent application has already been proposed to selectively feed air into the interior of the housing of a sheet delivery of a sheetfed offset printing press to prevent by changing the flow conditions uncontrolled spread of powder inside the display or in the environment of the sheet delivery. In this case, particularly good results could be achieved with respect to a limitation of the powder spreading and a reduction of the required amounts of powder, when the air in a direction of movement of a conveying path of the sheet delivery behind a powder dusting area supplied from above through the empty strand into the housing and / or at the same time aspirated powder was sucked out of this area.

In den Bogenauslagen herkömmlicher Offsetdruckmaschinen treten in großem Umfang Luftturbulenzen auf. Diese Luftturbulenzen werden unter anderem dadurch verursacht, dass jeweils unter- und oberhalb des Fördertrums und des Leertrums des Bogenauslegers durch die Sogwirkung der sich bewegenden Bogengreifer und Ketten Luft in Bewegungsrichtung des jeweiligen Trums mitgerissen wird, dass vom Fördertrum mitgeführte bedruckte Bogen flattern oder beim Umlenken aus der Schräge in die Horizontale mit ihrem hinteren Rand nach oben wippen (sogenannter Peitschen- oder Fahnen-Effekt), sowie dadurch, dass aus dem sogenannten Bogenleitblech Luft von unten her gegen den Bogen geblasen wird, um diesen berührungsfrei über das Leitblech zu führen, wobei jedoch ein Teil dieser Luft zwischen den benachbarten Bogen sowie seitlich an den Bogen vorbei nach oben strömt.In the sheet displays of conventional offset printing machines occur on a large scale air turbulence. These air turbulences are caused inter alia by the fact that in each case below and above the conveying run and the slack side of the sheet delivery by the suction effect of the moving sheet grippers and chains is entrained air in the direction of travel of the respective strand that flutter from the conveying strand printed bow or flipping out the slope in the horizontal rocker with its rear edge upwards (so-called whip or flag effect), as well as in that from the so-called sheet baffle air is blown from below against the bow to guide this contact over the baffle, wherein However, a portion of this air between the adjacent arc as well as laterally flows past the bow upwards.

Durch diese Luftturbulenzen wird ein großer Teil des aus der Puderbestäubungseinrichtung austretenden Puders verwirbelt und von der Luft mitgerissen, so dass er nicht wie gewünscht unmittelbar unterhalb der Puderbestäubungseinrichtung auf die bedruckte Oberfläche der Bogen gelangt. Stattdessen wird der Puder durch die Luftströmungen, insbesondere diejenigen entlang der beiden Trume des Bogenauslegers, über den gesamten Innenraum der Bogenauslage verteilt. Dies führt nicht nur zu einem erhöhten Verschleiß von beweglichen Teilen und längeren Stillstandszeiten zur Reinigung der Bogenauslage, sondern auch zu einer Belästigung des Bedienungspersonals, weil der aufgewirbelte Puder außerdem durch sämtliche Öffnungen der Bogenauslage, insbesondere durch die Bogenaustrittsöffnung und Luftaustrittsgitter auf der Oberseite des Gehäuses, in die Umgebung austritt.As a result of this air turbulence, a large part of the powder emerging from the powder-spraying device is entangled and entrained by the air, so that it does not reach the printed surface of the sheet as desired immediately below the powder-spraying device. Instead, the powder is distributed by the air currents, especially those along the two strands of the sheet delivery over the entire interior of the sheet delivery. This leads not only to increased wear of moving parts and longer downtime for cleaning the sheet delivery, but also to annoying the operator, because the fluidized powder also through all openings of the sheet delivery, in particular through the sheet outlet opening and air outlet grille on top of the housing, exits into the environment.

Durch den Transport des Puders bis zum Gegendruckzylinder des letzten Druckwerks bzw. bis zur Auslagetrommel der Druckmaschine gelangt zudem unmittelbar nach dem Austritt des Bedruckstoffs aus der Druckmaschine Puder auf die noch feuchte Oberfläche des Bedruckstoffs bzw. der Druckfarbe. Der gewöhnlich aus Stärke bestehende Puder nimmt dort einen Teil der vorhandenen Flüssigkeit auf, zum Beispiel aus der Feuchtmittelzufuhr stammendes Oberflächenwasser sowie ggf. auch leichterflüchtige oder niedrigerviskose Bestandteile der Druckfarbe. Da die vom Puder aufgenommene Flüssigkeit nicht oder erheblich langsamer in den Bedruckstoff wegschlägt und auch nicht am chemischen Vernetzungsprozess der Druckfarbe teilnimmt, ist zum einen der Feuchtigkeitsgehalt der Bogen beim Ablegen auf dem Bogenstapel höher, wodurch die Trocknung verzögert und die bis zur Weiterverarbeitung der Druckerzeugnisse erforderliche Zeitspanne länger wird. Zum anderen kann die vom Puder aufgenommene Flüssigkeit auch bewirken, dass die Scheuerfestigkeit der Druckfarbe abnimmt, wenn sich beim Scheuern auf der feuchten Druckfarbe abgelagerte Puderpartikel ablösen, wodurch darunter befindliche unvollständig getrocknete punktförmige Oberflächenbereiche der Druckfarbe freigelegt werden.Due to the transport of the powder to the counter-pressure cylinder of the last printing unit or to the delivery drum of the printing press also passes directly after the exit of the printing material from the printing machine powder on the still moist surface of the printing material or the printing ink. The powder, which usually consists of starch, absorbs there a portion of the existing liquid, for example surface water originating from the dampening solution supply and optionally also more volatile or less viscous constituents of the printing ink. Since the liquid absorbed by the powder does not or significantly slows down in the substrate and also does not participate in the chemical cross-linking process of the ink, on the one hand the moisture content of the sheet when depositing on the sheet stack higher, causing the drying delays and required until further processing of the printed products Time lasts longer. On the other hand, the liquid picked up by the powder may also cause the rubbing resistance of the ink to decrease as powder particles deposited on the wet ink rub off, thereby exposing incompletely dried dot-shaped surface areas of the ink underneath.

Dem wird durch die bereits vom Anmelder vorgeschlagene Zufuhr von Luft von oben durch das Leertrum hindurch in das Gehäuse der Bogenauslage entgegengewirkt, wobei diese Luftzufuhr zum einen verhindert, dass vom Leertrum und von Luftströmungen entlang des Leertrums Puder in Richtung der Druckmaschine transportiert wird, und zum anderen in Verbindung mit einer oder mehreren Bürstenleisten das Leertmm von anhaftendem Puder befreit. Wenn ein Teil der zugeführten Luft nach dem Hindurchtritt durch das Leertrum in Richtung der Druckmaschine umgelenkt wird, verhindert diese umgelenkte Luft außerdem, dass Puder im Bereich der Puderbestäubungseinrichtung bis zum Leertrum des Bogenauslegers gelangt und von diesem in Richtung der Druckmaschine transportiert wird. Dadurch konnte zumindest bei Bogenoffsetdruckmaschinen mit kurzen Bogenauslagen der unmittelbar hinter der Auslagetrommel liegende Bereich der Bogenauslage nahezu puderfrei gehalten werden, wodurch nicht nur Verschleiß und Puderemissionen in die Umgebung vermindert, sondern überraschenderweise auch die Trocknung des Bedruckstoffs und der Druckfarbe beschleunigt werden konnte, vermutlich aufgrund des im vorangehenden Absatz beschriebenen Wirkmechanismus.This is counteracted by the already proposed by the applicant supply of air from above through the slack side into the housing of the sheet delivery, wherein this air supply prevents on the one hand, that the empty strand and air flows along the empty strand powder is transported in the direction of the printing press, and on the other freed in conjunction with one or more brush strips, the emptiness of adhering powder. If a portion of the supplied air is deflected after passing through the slack in the direction of the printing press, this deflected air also prevents powder in the powder dusting reaches the slack side of the sheet delivery and is transported by this in the direction of the printing press. As a result, at least in sheetfed offset presses with short sheet delivery of directly behind the delivery drum area of the sheet delivery can be kept virtually powder-free, which not only reduced wear and powder emissions in the environment, but surprisingly, the drying of the substrate and the ink could be accelerated, probably due to the described in the preceding paragraph.

Durch die von den Anmeldern in der eingangs genannten DE-A-199 01 670 vorgeschlagene Absaugung eines Teils der zugeführten Luft sowie von weiterer puderbelasteter Luft aus dem Inneren des Gehäuses der Bogenauslage in Bewegungsrichtung des Fördertrums hinter der Puderbestäubungseinrichtung konnte die Menge des in die Umgebung der Bogenauslage austretenden überschüssigen Puders noch einmal verringert werden.By the applicants in the aforementioned DE-A-199 01 670 proposed extraction of a portion of the supplied air and other powder-laden air from the interior of the housing of the sheet delivery in the direction of the conveying strand behind the powder dusting the amount of the environment in the Sheet display exiting excess powder once again reduced.

Versuche und Erfahrungen der Anmelder mit Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zum Sauberhalten oder Reinigen einer Bogenauslage einer Bogenoffsetdruckmaschine von überschüssigem Puder gemäß der DE-A-199 01 670 haben jedoch gezeigt, daß hinsichtlich einer Reduzierung der Puderemissionen innerhalb und außerhalb der Bogenauslage noch Verbesserungen möglich sind.Experiments and experiences of the applicants with methods and apparatuses for keeping clean or cleaning a sheet delivery of a sheetfed offset press of excess powder according to DE-A-199 01 670 have shown, however, that with regard to a reduction of powder emissions within and outside of the sheet delivery improvements are still possible.

Eine Druckmaschine und ein Verfahren entsprechend der eingangs genannten Art sind auch in der US 5,265,536 beschrieben, die den nächstliegenden Stand der Technik bildet.A printing machine and a method according to the aforementioned type are also described in US 5,265,536, which forms the closest prior art.

In dem DE-U-298 05 248 ist fernerer Stand der Technik beschrieben.In DE-U-298 05 248 further prior art is described.

Ausgehend hiervon liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Bogenoffsetdruckverfahren und eine Bogenoffsetdruckmaschine der eingangs genannten Art im Hinblick auf eine Reduzierung der Puderausbreitung weiter zu verbessern.Proceeding from this, the present invention seeks to further improve a sheet-fed offset printing process and a sheet-fed offset printing machine of the type mentioned in terms of reducing the powder spread.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die in den Patentansprüchen 1 bzw. 14 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved by the features specified in the claims 1 and 14, respectively.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Kanalisierung oder Steuerung von Luftströmungen innerhalb des Gehäuses kann verhindert werden, dass diese Luftströmungen, die teilweise erst durch die Veränderung der Strömungsverhältnisse im Gehäuse infolge der Zufuhr und/oder Absaugung von Luft entlang des Leertrums der Bogenfördereinrichtung entstehen, aufgewirbelten Puder bis zum Gegendruckzylinder des letzten Druckwerks bzw. bis zur Auslagetrommel der Druckmaschine transportieren.By channeling or controlling air currents within the housing according to the invention, it is possible to prevent these air flows, which in part arise only as a result of the change in the flow conditions in the housing as a result of the supply and / or exhaust of air along the empty section of the sheet conveying device, from fluid being whirled up to the impression cylinder transport the last printing unit or to the delivery drum of the printing press.

Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass die hauptsächlichen Transportwege für aufgewirbelten Puder im Gehäuse der Bogenauslage infolge der Sogwirkung der Bogenfördereinrichtung entlang der letzteren verlaufen, wobei die Luftströmung entlang des Leertrums Puder in Richtung der Druckmaschine transportiert. Durch die Zufuhr und/oder durch die Absaugung von Luft entlang des Leertrums, wie in der DE-A-199 01 670 beschrieben, kann ein großer Teil des mitgeführten Puders beseitigt werden, insbesondere wenn gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung durch die Zufuhr und/oder Absaugung von Luft eine das Leertrum quer zu dessen Bewegungsrichtung durchsetzende Luftströmung erzeugt wird, die eine Unterbrechung der puderbelasteten Luftströmung entlang des Leertrums bewirkt. Jedoch wird in diesem Fall hinter der Unterbrechungsstelle ein Unterdruck erzeugt, der zur Ansaugung von puderbelasteter Luft aus anderen Bereichen der Bogenauslage führen kann. Außerdem bilden sich zwischen den entgegengesetzten Luftströmungen entlang des Leertrums und des Fördertrums der Bogenfördereinrichtung Querströmungen aus, die ebenfalls einen Transport von aufgewirbeltem Puder aus dem Bereich der Puderbestäubungseinrichtung und des Fördertrums in den Strömungspfad des Leertrums und von dort zum Gegendruckzylinder des letzten Druckwerks bzw. zur Auslagetrommel der Druckmaschine zur Folge haben können.The invention is based on the finding that the main transport routes for fluidized powder in the housing of the sheet delivery due to the suction effect of the sheet conveyor along the latter run, the air flow along the empty strand powder transported in the direction of the printing press. Through the supply and / or by the extraction of air along the return strand, as described in DE-A-199 01 670, a large part of the entrained powder can be eliminated, especially if according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention by the supply and / or extraction of air is generated by the empty strand transverse to the direction of movement passing through the air flow, which causes an interruption of the powder-laden air flow along the empty strand. However, in this case, a negative pressure is generated behind the point of interruption, which is used for the suction of powder-laden air from other areas of the sheet delivery can lead. In addition, formed between the opposite air currents along the return strand and the conveying path of the sheet conveyor cross flows, which also transport of fluidized powder from the field of powder dusting and the conveying strand in the flow path of the empty strand and from there to the impression cylinder of the last printing unit or to the delivery drum the printing press can result.

Um dies zu verhindern, kann bei der erfindungsgemäßen Kanalisierung der Luftströmungen innerhalb des Gehäuses zum einen in Bewegungsrichtung des Leertrums hinter der Stelle, an der die Luft abgesaugt und/oder zugeführt wird, um durch die Sogwirkung des Leertrums entlang desselben mitgeführte puderbelastete Luft aus dem Strömungspfad des Leertrums abzuführen, nicht mit Puder belastete Luft in das Gehäuse zugeführt werden. Diese vorzugsweise vorgereinigte Luft ersetzt die abgeführte puderbelastete Luft und verhindert das Nachströmen von puderbelasteter Luft aus anderen Bereichen der Bogenauslage infolge eines Unterdrucks, der bei einer Unterbrechung des Strömungspfades entlang des Leertrums auftreten kann. Zum anderen kann bei der Kanalisierung der Luftströmungen zusätzlich oder alternativ auch der Zustrom von puderbelasteter Luft aus dem Bereich einer Puderbestäubungseinrichtung oder eines Fördertrums der Bogenfördereinrichtung in den Strömungsweg entlang des Leertrums durch mechanische oder strömungstechnische Mittel behindert oder blockiert werden, um einen Eintrag von Puder aus anderen Bereichen der Bogenauslage zu vermindern oder ganz zu unterbinden.To prevent this, in the channeling of the invention, the air flows within the housing for in the direction of movement of the return strand behind the point at which the air is sucked off and / or supplied to dissipate by the suction effect of the empty strand along the same entrained powder-laden air from the flow path of the return strand, not loaded with powder air supplied into the housing. This preferably pre-cleaned air replaces the discharged powder-laden air and prevents the subsequent flow of powder-laden air from other areas of the sheet delivery due to a negative pressure that can occur in an interruption of the flow path along the empty section. On the other hand, in the channeling of the air currents additionally or alternatively, the influx of powder-laden air from the area of a powder dusting device or a Förderertrums the sheet conveyor in the flow path along the return strand are hindered or blocked by mechanical or fluidic means to an entry of powder from others Areas of the sheet delivery to reduce or completely stop.

Die Zufuhr der nicht mit Puder belasteten Luft kann erfolgen, indem entweder Luft von außen in das Gehäuse eingeblasen wird und/oder durch einen infolge einer Unterbrechung der puderbelasteten Luftströmung entlang des Leertrums im Gehäuse erzeugten Unterdruck von außen angesaugt wird.The supply of the non-powdered air can be done by either air is blown from the outside into the housing and / or sucked by a negative pressure generated in the housing due to an interruption of the powder-laden air flow along the empty strand from the outside.

Die zuletzt genannte Variante hat den Vorteil, daß erstens die zur Unterbrechung der Luftströmung und/oder zu Spülzwecken eingeblasene Luftmenge niedrig gehalten werden kann, und daß zweitens verhindert wird, daß in dieser Luft ggf. enthaltene abgereinigte Puderpartikel mit in Richtung der Druckmaschine transportiert werden.The last-mentioned variant has the advantage that, firstly, the amount of air injected for interrupting the air flow and / or for flushing purposes can be kept low and, secondly, that any powdered particles which might be contained in this air are transported in the direction of the printing press.

Die Luftansaugung erfolgt im einfachsten Fall durch Lüftungsschlitze oder Lüftungsgitter in der Oberseite des Gehäuses, durch welche bei den herkömmlichen Druckmaschinen Luft aus dem Inneren der Bogenauslage austritt. Die eingeblasene und/oder angesaugte Luft wird beim Eintritt in das Gehäuse in Richtung der Druckmaschine umgelenkt und strömt dann (wie bei herkömmlichen Bogenauslagen die puderbelastete Luft) durch den Sog der Bogenfördereinrichtung entlang von deren Leertrum bis zur Auslagetrommel der Druckmaschine. Da das Gehäuse der Bogenauslage in diesem Bereich geschlossen ist, wird die Luft dort zusammen mit der Bogenfördereinrichtung umgelenkt und strömt unterhalb und oberhalb der von deren Fördertrum transportierten Bogen wieder in Richtung des Puderapparats. Diese Luftströmung bildet oberhalb und unterhalb der frisch bedruckten Bogen ein Luftpolster, das ggf. auf der Unterseite durch Zufuhr von Luft durch das Bogenleitblech etwas verstärkt werden kann und für einen äußerst ruhigen Lauf der Bogen sorgt.The air intake takes place in the simplest case through ventilation slots or ventilation grille in the top of the housing through which air exits from the interior of the sheet delivery in conventional printing machines. The blown and / or sucked air is deflected when entering the housing in the direction of the printing press and then flows (as in conventional sheet displays the powdered air) by the suction of the sheet conveyor along the return strand to the delivery drum of the printing press. Since the housing of the sheet delivery is closed in this area, the air is deflected there together with the sheet conveyor and flows below and above the conveyed by the conveyor belt arch again in the direction of the powder apparatus. This air flow forms an air cushion above and below the freshly printed sheet, which may possibly be slightly reinforced on the underside by supplying air through the sheet guide plate and ensures an extremely smooth running of the bow.

Nach Meinung des Anmelders bewirkt eine nahezu vollständige Abwesenheit von Puder in diesem Luftpolster, d.h. in der Nähe eines zwischen der Druckmaschine und dem Puderapparat liegenden Teilstücks des Fördertrums der Bogenfördereinrichtung, daß Puder erst dann auf die Oberfläche des feuchten Bedruckstoffs und der feuchten Druckfarbe gelangen kann, wenn diese durch Wegschlagen von Wasser und flüssigen Bindemittelbestandteilen der Druckfarbe bereits etwas vorgetrocknet ist, so daß vom Puder weniger Flüssigkeit aufgenommen oder gebunden werden kann. Außerdem bleibt der Puder an einer vorgetrockneten Oberfläche der Druckfarbe nicht kleben, was bei herkömmlichen Druckverfahren ohne zusätzliche UV- oder IR-Trocknung insbesondere auf hochglänzenden Drucken häufig zu Qualitätseinbußen führte.Applicant believes that an almost complete absence of powder in this air cushion, i. in the vicinity of a lying between the printing machine and the powder apparatus section of the conveying run of the sheet conveyor that powder can only reach the surface of the wet substrate and the wet ink, if this is already pre-dried by repelling water and liquid binder components of the ink, so that less liquid can be absorbed or bound by the powder. In addition, the powder does not stick to a pre-dried surface of the ink, which often led to loss of quality in conventional printing without additional UV or IR drying, especially on high-gloss printing.

Die Beruhigung des Bogenlaufs und die Verringerung der Luftmenge, die von unten her durch das Bogenleitblech eingeblasen werden muß, hat wiederum zur Folge, daß die Luftturbulenzen im Bereich des Puderapparats verringert werden, so daß der Puder dort weniger verwirbelt wird und dafür auf die Oberfläche des Bogens gelangt. Mechanische Mittel zum Blockieren eines Zustroms von puderbelasteter Luft schließen insbesondere eine zwischen dem Leertrum und dem Fördertrum angeordnete Trennwand ein, die sich zweckmäßig über die gesamte Breite des Bogenauslegers und mindestens über einen Teil der Länge der Bogenauslage erstreckt, wobei sie vorzugsweise spätestens dort beginnt, wo die Luft entlang des Leertrums abgesaugt und/oder zugeführt bzw. die puderbelastete Luftströmung unterbrochen wird, und dann bis in die Nähe der Auslagetrommel der Druckmaschine verläuft.The calming of the sheet travel and the reduction in the amount of air that must be injected from below through the sheet baffle, in turn, the result that the air turbulence in the range of the powder apparatus are reduced, so that the powder is less swirled there and on the surface of the Arch arrives. Mechanical means for blocking an influx of powder-laden air include, in particular, a dividing wall arranged between the return strand and the conveying run, which expediently extends over the entire width of the sheet delivery and over at least part of the length of the delivery of sheets, preferably beginning at the point where the air is sucked and / or supplied along the empty strand or the powder-laden air flow is interrupted, and then extends to the vicinity of the delivery drum of the printing machine.

Strömungstechnische Mittel zum Behindern eines Zustroms von puderbelasteter Luft in den Strömungspfad entlang des Leertrums schließen insbesondere eine Absaugung von puderbelasteter Luft, eine Zufuhr von nicht mit Puder belasteter Luft oder die Erzeugung zielgerichteter Luftströmungen ein, die einen eintrag von puderbelasteter Luft in den Strömungspfad des Leertrums verhindern.Fluidic means for impeding an influx of powder-laden air into the flow path along the return path include, in particular, extraction of powder-laden air, supply of non-powdered air, or generation of targeted airflows which prevent powder laden air from entering the empty-path flow path ,

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird in der Nähe des Puderapparats puderbelastete Luft abgesaugt, vorzugsweise an dem der Druckmaschine zugewandten hinteren Rand einer zur Luftabsaugung und Luftzufuhr dienenden Luft-Absaug- und Umlenkwanne, um eine unerwünschte Verwirbelung von Puder weg vom Puderapparat infolge von Luftturbulenzen in der Nähe des letzteren zu verhindern und gleichzeitig einen Teil der in das Gehäuse der Auslage zugeführten Frischluft nach dem Hindurchtritt durch das Leertrum im Bereich des Puderapparats nach unten in Richtung der bedruckten Bogen zu lenken. Zweckmäßig kann oberhalb des Puderapparats eine Luftweiche angeordnet sein, die jeweils einen Teil der zugeführten Luft an der auslagenseitigen Vorder- bzw. an der druckmaschinenseitigen Rückseite des Puderapparats vorbei nach unten lenkt. Der zur Vorderseite gelenkte Teil ist vorzugsweise ein Teil der zur Unterbrechung der Luftströmung verwendeten, von oben durch das Leertrum eingeblasenen Frischluft, während der zur Rückseite gelenkte Teil ein Teil der hinter der Unterbrechungsstelle von außen in das Gehäuse der Bogenauslage gesaugten Luft ist.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention powdered air is sucked in the vicinity of the powder apparatus, preferably at the printing machine facing the rear edge of a serving for air extraction and air supply air-suction and Umlenkwanne to unwanted turbulence of powder away from the powder apparatus due to air turbulence prevent in the vicinity of the latter and at the same time direct a portion of the fresh air supplied into the housing of the display after passing through the slack side in the region of the powder apparatus in the direction of the printed sheet. Expediently, an air switch can be arranged above the powder apparatus, which in each case deflects a portion of the supplied air past the front and / or the printing machine-side rear side of the powder apparatus downwards. The part directed to the front side is preferably part of the fresh air used for interrupting the air flow, which is blown in from above through the empty strand, while the part directed to the rear side Part is a part of the outside of the point of interruption sucked into the housing of the sheet delivery air.

Durch die genannten Maßnahmen zur Verhinderung der Ausbreitung des Puders innerhalb des Gehäuses der Bogenauslage kann außerdem der Puderverbrauch extrem, d.h. bis auf etwa 10 % der zuvor benötigten Mengen, verringert werden. Zum einen, weil der Puder im wesentlichen nur dorthin gelangt, wo er benötigt wird, nämlich auf die Oberfläche der Bogen, zum anderen weil dort infolge der zuvor bewirkten oberflächlichen Trocknung der Druckfarbe und des Bedruckstoffs erheblich weniger Puder benötigt wird, um ein Ablegen der Bogen zu verhindern. Weniger Puderverbrauch bedeutet jedoch gleichzeitig auch weniger Puderemissionen in die Umgebung der Bogenauslage, so daß dieses Problem ebenfalls weitgehend beseitigt werden kann.In addition, by said measures for preventing the spreading of the powder within the housing of the sheet delivery, the powder consumption can be extremely, i. be reduced to about 10% of the previously required quantities. On the one hand, because the powder essentially reaches only where it is needed, namely on the surface of the sheet, on the other hand, because there is significantly less powder needed due to the previously caused superficial drying of the printing ink and the substrate to a dropping the bow to prevent. At the same time, however, less powder consumption also means less powder emissions in the vicinity of the sheet delivery, so that this problem can likewise be largely eliminated.

Darüber hinaus können im Bereich der Bogenaustrittsöffnung zusätzlich weitere Luftansaugeinrichtungen vorgesehen werden, die dazu dienen, zwischen den Rändern der Bogenaustrittsöffnung und den Rändern der bedruckten Bogen Puder abzusaugen, bevor dieser von den Auslagelüftern nach unten durch die Bogenaustrittsöffnung in die Umgebung der Bogenauslage geblasen wird, um eine nochmalige Reduzierung der Puderemissionen in die Umgebung zu erreichen.In addition, in the area of the sheet outlet opening, additional air suction devices can additionally be provided, which serve to suck powder between the edges of the sheet outlet opening and the edges of the printed sheet before it is blown down from the delivery fans through the sheet exit opening into the vicinity of the sheet delivery to achieve a further reduction of powder emissions in the environment.

Insbesondere bei langen, ggf. mit IR-Trocknern oder anderen Trocknungseinrichtungen bestückten Bogenauslagen kann es von Vorzug sein, die Luftströmung durch Luftabsaugung, Luftzufuhr und/oder Bürstenanordnungen mehrmals zu unterbrechen und jeweils anschließend nicht mit Puder belastete Luft in den Strömungspfad des Leertrums zuzuführen, um sicherzustellen, daß die Ausbreitung von Puder verhindert wird und die zugeführte saubere Luft bis zur Druckmaschine gelangt. Dazu können zweckmäßig im wesentlichen dieselben Einrichtungen verwendet werden, wie die ersten Einrichtungen, die zur Unterbrechung der Luftströmung und zur Zufuhr von nicht mit Puder belasteter Luft dienen und zweckmäßig im oberen horizontalen Teilstück der Bogenauslage angeordnet sind. Dies sind vorzugsweise ein ggf. mit Bürsten bestückter, oberhalb des Leertrums angeordneter Düsenkasten, aus dem saubere Luft nach unten in Richtung des Leertrums geblasen wird, eine unterhalb des Düsenkastens im Zwischenraum zwischen dem Leertrum und dem Fördertrum angeordnete, ggf. mit Bürsten bestückte Luft-Absaug- und Umlenkwanne, die jeweils einen Teil der Luft absaugt bzw. in Richtung der Druckmaschine umlenkt, sowie einen in Laufrichtung des Leertrums hinter dem Düsenkasten und der Wanne angeordneten Luftspeicher, aus dem der erzeugte Unterdruck durch Luftöffnungen saubere Luft in das Gehäuse der Bogenauslage ansaugt.Especially with long, possibly equipped with IR dryers or other drying equipment sheet displays, it may be preferable to interrupt the air flow by air extraction, air supply and / or brush assemblies several times and then each fed not powdered air in the flow path of the empty strand to to ensure that the spread of powder is prevented and the supplied clean air reaches the press. For this purpose, substantially the same facilities may be used as the first devices which serve to interrupt the flow of air and to supply non-powdered air and expediently in the upper horizontal portion of the sheet delivery are arranged. These are preferably an optionally equipped with brushes, arranged above the empty strand nozzle box from which clean air is blown down in the direction of the empty strand, arranged below the nozzle box in the space between the slack side and the delivery, possibly equipped with brushes air Extraction and deflection tub, each of which sucks a portion of the air or deflects in the direction of the printing press, and arranged in the direction of the empty strand behind the nozzle box and the tub air storage, from which the generated negative pressure sucks through air openings clean air into the housing of the sheet delivery ,

Je nach Länge und Konstruktion der Bogenauslage kann es ggf. ausreichend sein, an Stelle einer der zuvor genannten Einrichtungen, d.h. Düsenkasten, Wanne und Luftspeicher, jeweils nur einen Luftspeicher auf der Oberseite des Gehäuses vorzusehen, so daß bei Bedarf durch den Sog des Leertrums weitere Luft von außen in das Gehäuse der Bogenauslage angesaugt werden kann.Depending on the length and construction of the sheet delivery, it may possibly be sufficient to replace one of the aforementioned devices, i. Nozzle box, tub and air storage, only one air storage on the top of the housing to provide, so that if necessary by the suction of the empty strand further air can be sucked from the outside into the housing of the sheet delivery.

Die Luftspeicher können unter einem leichten Überdruck gehalten werden, so daß die Luft stets ins Innere des Gehäuses der Bogenauslage zugeführt wird. Bevorzugt steht die Luft im Inneren der Luftspeicher jedoch unter Atmosphärendruck. Dies ermöglicht gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung oder Alternative der Erfindung eine einfache Steuerung der Luftzufuhr in Abhängigkeit von der Druckgeschwindigkeit, weil höhere Druckgeschwindigkeiten höhere Laufgeschwindigkeiten des Bogenauslegers bedingen, wodurch wiederum eine stärkere Sogwirkung verursacht wird, durch die mehr Luft aus dem Luftspeicher angesaugt wird.The air storage can be kept under a slight overpressure, so that the air is always fed into the interior of the housing of the sheet delivery. However, the air in the interior of the air reservoir is preferably under atmospheric pressure. This allows according to a further preferred embodiment or alternative of the invention, a simple control of the air supply as a function of the printing speed, because higher printing speeds require higher running speeds of the sheet delivery, which in turn causes a stronger suction effect is sucked through the more air from the air reservoir.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einiger in der Zeichnung dargestellter Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1: eine schematische teilweise geschnittene Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Bogenoffsetdruckmaschine;
  • Fig. 2: eine vergrößerte teilweise geschnittene Seitenansicht der Bogenauslage der Druckmaschine aus Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3: eine Draufsicht von oben auf eine in Fig. 2 dargestellte kombinierte Luft-Absaug- und Umlenkwanne;
  • Fig. 4: eine Schnittansicht der Luft-Absaug- und Umlenkwanne entlang der Linie V-V der Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 5: eine vergrößerte teilweise geschnittene Seitenansicht einer gegenüber der Bogenauslage aus Fig. 2 modifizierten Bogenauslage;
  • Fig. 6: eine vergrößerte teilweise geschnittene Seitenansicht einer verlängerten Bogenauslage;
  • Fig. 7: eine vergrößerte teilweise geschnittene Seitenansicht einer anderen verlängerten Bogenauslage.
In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to some embodiments shown in the drawing. Show it:
  • Fig. 1: a schematic partially sectioned side view of a sheet-fed offset printing machine according to the invention;
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged partially sectioned side view of the sheet delivery of the printing machine of Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a top view of a combined air suction and deflection trough illustrated in FIG. 2; FIG.
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the air suction and Umlenkwanne along the line VV of Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 5 is an enlarged partially sectioned side view of a relative to the sheet delivery of Figure 2 modified sheet delivery.
  • 6 is an enlarged partially sectioned side view of an extended sheet delivery;
  • Fig. 7: an enlarged partially sectioned side view of another extended sheet delivery.

In der in Fig. 1 der Zeichnung nur teilweise und schematisch dargestellten Achtfarben-Bogenoffsetdruckmaschine 2 werden Papierbogen nacheinander mittels einer automatisierten Bogenzufuhr 4 von einem in einer Bogenanlage 6 der Druckmaschine 2 angeordneten Papierstapel 8 an eine Anlegetrommel 10 eines ersten Druckwerks 12 übergeben und dann durch das erste Druckwerk 12 sowie ggf. weitere der insgesamt acht Druckwerke (nur zwei dargestellt) transportiert, um sie ein- oder beidseitig ein- oder mehrfarbig zu bedrucken.In the eight-color sheet-fed offset printing machine 2 shown only partially and schematically in FIG. 1 of the drawing, paper sheets are successively transferred by means of an automated sheet feeder 4 from a paper stack 8 arranged in a sheet feeder 6 of the printing machine 2 to a feeder drum 10 of a first printing unit 12 and then through the first printing unit 12 and possibly further of the total of eight printing units (only two shown) transported to one or both sides on one or more colors to print.

Von einem Gegendruckzylinder 16 des letzten Druckwerks 14 übernehmen Auslagegreifersysteme 18 eines Kettenauslegers 20 einer Bogenauslage 22 der Druckmaschine 2 die bedruckten Bogen und transportieren sie durch ein Gehäuse 24 der Bogenauslage 22 bis über einen Bogenablagestapel 26, auf dem die Bogen dann übereinander abgelegt werden. Der Kettenausleger 20 besteht im wesentlichen aus zwei in gegenüberliegenden seitlichen Führungsschienen geführten parallelen Ketten (nicht dargestellt), welche in regelmäßigen Abständen durch die auch als Bogengreifer bezeichneten Greifersysteme 18 verbunden sind. Der Kettenausleger 20 weist ein unteres, die Bogen transportierendes Fördertrum (vorlaufendes System) 30 auf, das sich von den beiden Kettenrädern 31 einer Auslagetrommel 32 aus schräg nach oben bewegt und dann in die Horizontale umgelenkt wird, bevor es zwei Antriebskettenräder 34 am freien Ende der Bogenauslage 22 erreicht. Sein oberes Leertrum (rücklaufendes System) 36 bewegt sich von den Kettenrädern 34 aus horizontal in Richtung der Druckmaschine 2, bevor es schräg nach unten umgelenkt und zur Auslagetrommel 32 zurückgeführt wird.From a counter-pressure cylinder 16 of the last printing unit 14 take display gripper systems 18 of a chain boom 20 a sheet delivery 22 of the printing press 2, the printed sheets and transport them through a housing 24 of the sheet delivery 22 to a sheet stacking stack 26 on which the bow then be stored one above the other. The chain boom 20 consists essentially of two guided in opposite lateral guide rails parallel chains (not shown), which are connected at regular intervals by the gripper systems also referred to as bow gripper 18. The chain boom 20 has a lower, the bow conveying conveying strand (leading system) 30, which is moved from the two sprockets 31 of a delivery drum 32 obliquely upwards and then deflected in the horizontal, before there are two drive sprockets 34 at the free end of Sheet delivery 22 reached. Its upper return strand (return system) 36 moves horizontally from the sprockets 34 in the direction of the printing machine 2, before it is deflected obliquely downwards and returned to the delivery drum 32.

Nach der Übergabe an die Bogengreifer 18 wird jeder Bogen in Bewegungsrichtung des Fördertrums 30 durch Bogenleitbleche 38 berührungslos an seitlich verstellbaren Leitbügelbläsern 40 vorbei und über eine dahinter angeordnete Bogenbremse 42 geführt und erreicht anschließend eine Bogenaustrittsöffnung 44 auf der Unterseite des horizontalen Teilstücks des Gehäuses 24 der Bogenauslage 22. Dort werden die seitens der Greifer 18 an die Bogenbremse 42 übergebenen und abgebremsten Bogen mit Hilfe mehrerer, über der Austrittsöffnung 44 angeordneter Auslagelüfter 46 nach unten auf den Bogenablagestapel 26 geblasen. Dieser ruht auf einem Hubmechanismus 48, der den Stapel 26 synchron zur Geschwindigkeit der Bogenzufuhr absenkt.After the transfer to the sheet gripper 18 each sheet is guided in the direction of movement of the conveying 30 by Bogenleitbleche 38 contactlessly laterally adjustable Leitbügelbläsern 40 and over a arranged behind sheet brake 42 and then reaches an arc outlet opening 44 on the underside of the horizontal portion of the housing 24 of the sheet delivery 22. There, the transferred by the gripper 18 to the sheet brake 42 and braked sheet with the help of several, arranged on the outlet opening 44 Auslagelüfter 46 down to the sheet stacking stack 26 are blown. This rests on a lifting mechanism 48, which lowers the stack 26 in synchronism with the speed of the sheet feed.

In der Nähe des oberen Endes des schrägen Teilstücks des Kettenförderers 20 kurz vor der Umlenkung des Fördertrums 30 in die Horizontale ist oberhalb desselben ein Puderapparat 50 im Zwischenraum 52 zwischen dem Fördertrum 30 und dem Leertrum 36 angeordnet. Der Puderapparat 52 bestäubt die Oberseite der von den Bogengreifern 18 des Fördertrums 30 gehaltenen druckfeuchten Bogen mit einem feinpulverigen Stärkepuder, um ein Zusammenkleben (Anlegen) der Bogen beim anschließenden Übereinanderstapeln zu verhindern. Der Puderapparat 50 besteht im wesentlichen aus einem quer zur Bewegungsrichtung des Kettenförderers 20 durch den Zwischenraum 52 verlaufenden Rohr 54, das auf seiner Unterseite mehrere Puderaustrittsschlitze aufweist. Der Stärkepuder wird mit Hilfe eines mit dem Rohr 54 verbundenen Gebläses (nicht dargestellt) zugeführt, wobei die Dosierung von der Größe und Farbintensität der bedruckten Flächen abhängig ist.In the vicinity of the upper end of the inclined portion of the chain conveyor 20 just before the deflection of the conveying strand 30 in the horizontal above the powder apparatus 50 is disposed in the intermediate space 52 between the conveying strand 30 and the empty strand 36 above. The powder apparatus 52 dusted the top of the held by the sheet grippers 18 of the conveying strand 30 damp sheet with a finely powdered starch powder to prevent sticking (donning) of the sheets during subsequent stacking. The powder apparatus 50 consists essentially of a transverse to the direction of movement of the chain conveyor 20 through the gap 52 extending pipe 54 having a plurality of powder discharge slots on its underside. The starch powder is supplied by means of a blower (not shown) connected to the tube 54, the dosage depending on the size and color intensity of the printed areas.

Um zu verhindern, daß Puder durch den Sog des Kettenförderers 20 mitgerissen und von einer über und unter dessen Leertrum 36 erzeugten Luftströmung innerhalb des Gehäuses 24 der Bogenauslage 22 in Richtung der Druckmaschine 2 transportiert wird und gleichzeitig die mit Puder bestäubten Ketten und Bogengreifer 18 des Kettenauslegers 20 zu reinigen, wird dieser Luftstrom im oberen horizontalen Teilstück der Bogenauslage 22 unterbrochen.To prevent powder is entrained by the suction of the chain conveyor 20 and transported by an air flow generated above and below its Leertrum 36 within the housing 24 of the sheet delivery 22 in the direction of the printing press 2 and at the same time dusted with powder chains and sheet gripper 18 of the chain boom To clean 20, this air flow in the upper horizontal portion of the sheet delivery 22 is interrupted.

Dazu sind etwa oberhalb einer Antriebswelle 60 des Hubmechanismus 48, d.h. in Bewegungsrichtung des Fördertrums 30 hinter dem Puderapparat 50, zwei Reihen von Bürsten 76, 92 vorgesehen, die sich über die gesamte lichte Weite des Bogenauslegers erstrecken und von oben bzw. von unten her in den Bewegungsweg des Leertrums 36 ragen. Die Enden der Borsten der Bürsten 76, 92 biegen sich jeweils beim Hindurchtritt der Greifersysteme 18 um, so daß diese die Bürsten 76, 92 passieren können, verhindern jedoch mit die Ausbildung einer entlang des Leertrums in Richtung der Druckmaschine verlaufenden Luftströmung, mit der Puder aus dem vorderen Teil der Auslage 22 nach hinten in die Nähe des Gegendruckzylinders 16 bzw. der Auslagetrommel 32 gelangen kann. Außerdem ist dort über dem Leertrum 36 ein Düsenkasten 58 angeordnet, der auf seiner Unterseite mit Luftaustrittsdüsen versehen ist, durch welche von oben her puderfreie Luft in das Gehäuse 24 eingeblasen wird. Unterhalb des Düsenkastens 58 ist eine kombinierte Luft-Absaug- und Umlenkwanne 56 im Zwischenraum 52 zwischen dem Fördertrum 30 und dem Leertrum 36 angeordnet, die dazu dient, einen Teil der eingeblasenen Luft zusammen mit dem vom Leertrum abgereinigten Puder abzusaugen und den Rest der Luft in Richtung der Druckmaschine umzulenken.For this purpose, above a drive shaft 60 of the lifting mechanism 48, ie in the direction of movement of the conveying strand 30 behind the powder apparatus 50, two rows of brushes 76, 92 are provided which extend over the entire width of the sheet delivery and from above or from below in the path of movement of the empty strand 36 protrude. The ends of the bristles of the brushes 76, 92 each bend in the passage of the gripper systems 18 so that they can pass through the brushes 76, 92, but prevent with the formation of a running along the empty strand in the direction of the printing machine air flow, with the powder the front part of the display 22 to the rear in the vicinity of the impression cylinder 16 and the delivery drum 32 can pass. In addition, there is a nozzle box 58 disposed above the return strand 36, which is provided on its underside with air outlet nozzles through which powder-free air is blown into the housing 24 from above. Below the nozzle box 58 is a combined air-suction and Umlenkwanne 56 in the intermediate space 52nd arranged between the conveying strand 30 and the empty strand 36, which serves to suck off a portion of the injected air together with the cleaned off from the slack side powder and to redirect the rest of the air in the direction of the printing press.

Durch das kombinierte Einblasen und Absaugen von Luft wird ein Luftstrom oder Luftvorhang erzeugt, der den Strömungspfad des Leertrums 36 quer zu dessen Bewegungsrichtung durchsetzt und zusammen mit den Bürsten 76, 92 die entlang des Leertrums 36 verlaufende puderbelastete Luftströmung unterbricht.By the combined injection and suction of air, an air flow or air curtain is generated, which traverses the flow path of the sliver 36 transversely to the direction of movement and interrupts along with the brushes 76, 92 extending along the slipper track 36 powder-laden air flow.

Wie am besten in den Figuren 3 und 4 dargestellt, besteht die Luft-Absaug- und Umlenkwanne 56 im wesentlichen aus einem dünnwandigen flachen Gehäuse 62. Das Gehäuse 62 erstreckt sich unterhalb der seitlichen Führungen des Leertrums 36 über die gesamte lichte Weite des Kettenauslegers 20 und bildet eine durchgehende geschlossene Trennwand zwischen einem Strömungspfad entlang des Fördertrums 30 und einem Strömungspfad entlang des Leertrums 36. Das Gehäuse 62 besitzt eine in Bewegungsrichtung des Kettenförderers 20 mehrfach abgeknickte obere Gehäusewand 64, so daß zwei flache Mulden 66 gebildet werden, die durch eine dazwischen angeordnete Erhebung 68 voneinander getrennt sind. Die obere Gehäusewand 64 ist weiter mit im Abstand voneinander angeordneten Reihen von Puderansaugschlitzen 70 versehen. Während sich benachbarte mittlere Reihen von Ansaugschlitzen 70 jeweils an den tiefsten Stellen der Mulden 66 befinden, sind äußere Reihen in unmittelbarer Nähe der entgegengesetzten Außenränder des Gehäuses 62 angeordnet. Von den Reihen von Puderansaugschlitzen 70 werden die schräg nach unten ausgerichteten Schlitze 70 an dem der Druckmaschine zugewandten Außenrand am stärksten mit Unterdruck beaufschlagt. Jede der Schlitzreihen ist durch einen innerhalb des Gehäuses 62 angeordneten Saugkanal 72 mit einem von vier Saugstutzen 74 verbunden, die über den druckmaschinenseitigen Rand der Wanne 56 überstehen.As best shown in Figures 3 and 4, the air suction and Umlenkwanne 56 consists essentially of a thin-walled flat housing 62. The housing 62 extends below the lateral guides of the slack side 36 over the entire inside width of the chain boom 20 and forms a continuous closed partition wall between a flow path along the conveying run 30 and a flow path along the empty strand 36. The housing 62 has a multiply bent in the direction of movement of the chain conveyor 20 upper housing wall 64, so that two flat troughs 66 are formed by an interposed therebetween Survey 68 are separated. The upper housing wall 64 is further provided with spaced rows of powder suction slots 70. While adjacent center rows of suction slots 70 are respectively located at the lowest points of the wells 66, outer rows are disposed in close proximity to the opposite outer edges of the housing 62. Of the rows of powder suction slots 70, the obliquely downwardly directed slots 70 are subjected to the greatest pressure on the outer edge facing the printing press. Each of the rows of slots is connected by a suction channel 72 disposed within the housing 62 with one of four suction nozzle 74, which project beyond the pressure-side edge of the tub 56.

Die Saugstutzen 74 münden in ein Luftabsaugrohr 75, das über einen Staubabscheider mit Zyklon und Feinfilter mit einem Sauggebläse (nicht dargestellt) verbunden ist. Zur Steuerung der aus jedem Saugstutzen 74 abgesaugten Luftmenge sind vor den Einmündungen jedes Saugstutzens 74 in das Luftabsaugrohr 75 einstellbare Durchflußmengenregelventile 77 angeordnet. Die Ventile 77 bestehen im wesentlichen aus einer Gewindestange 79, die eine Gewindebohrung in der Wand des Luftabsaugrohrs 75 durchsetzt und an ihrem inneren bzw. äußeren Ende drehfest mit einem scheibenförmigen Teller 81 bzw. einen Verstellrad 83 versehen ist. Durch Drehen des Verstellrades 83 kann so der Abstand zwischen dem Teller 81 und dem nach innen in das Luftabsaugrohr überstehenden Ende des benachbarten Saugstutzens 74 und damit der Strömungsquerschnitt der Luftströmung verändert werden.The suction nozzle 74 open into an air suction pipe 75, which is connected via a dust collector with cyclone and fine filter with a suction fan (not shown). In order to control the amount of air sucked out of each suction nozzle 74, adjustable flow control valves 77 are arranged in front of the junctions of each suction nozzle 74 into the air suction pipe 75. The valves 77 consist essentially of a threaded rod 79, which passes through a threaded bore in the wall of the air exhaust pipe 75 and at its inner and outer ends rotationally fixed with a disk-shaped plate 81 and an adjusting 83 is provided. By turning the Verstellrades 83 so the distance between the plate 81 and the inwardly projecting into the air exhaust pipe end of the adjacent Saugstutzens 74 and thus the flow cross-section of the air flow can be changed.

Auf der Oberseite der oberen Gehäusewand 64 ist weiter eine (76) der beiden Reinigungsbürsten 76, 92 angebracht. Die Bürste 76 befindet sich in derjenigen Mulde 66, die von dem über das Gehäuse 62 hinwegtretenden Leertrum 36 des Kettenauslegers 20 zuerst überstrichen wird.On the top of the upper housing wall 64 is further one (76) of the two cleaning brushes 76, 92 attached. The brush 76 is located in that trough 66, which is first swept by the passing over the housing 62 Leertrum 36 of the chain arm 20 first.

Das Gehäuse 62 besitzt weiter eine untere Gehäusewand 80, die zwischen den beiden Mulden 66 und unterhalb der Erhebung 68 der oberen Gehäusewand 64 mit einer nach oben eingetieften Ausbuchtung 82 versehen ist, deren Querschnitt die Form eines umgekehrten U besitzt. Im Bereich dieser Ausbuchtung 82 umschließt die Gehäusewand 80 die zwischen dem Leertrum 36 und dem Fördertrum 30 angeordnete quer verlaufende Antriebswelle 60, deren Oberseite das Gehäuse 62 trägt. Zur Minderung der Reibung zwischen der langsam laufenden Antriebswelle 60 und der unteren Gehäusewand 80 ist diese im Bereich der Ausbuchtung 82 mit einem Teflonüberzug versehen.The housing 62 further has a lower housing wall 80 which is provided between the two wells 66 and below the elevation 68 of the upper housing wall 64 with an upwardly recessed bulge 82, whose cross-section has the shape of an inverted U. In the region of this bulge 82, the housing wall 80 encloses the transverse drive shaft 60 which is arranged between the empty strand 36 and the delivery strand 30 and whose upper side carries the housing 62. To reduce the friction between the slow-running drive shaft 60 and the lower housing wall 80, this is provided in the bulge 82 with a Teflon coating.

Das heißt, die Luft-Absaug- und Umlenkwanne 56 stützt sich auf der Antriebswelle 60 ab, so daß sie nur mit wenigen Befestigungsschrauben an gegenüberliegenden Seitenwangen des Kettenauslegers 20 befestigt werden muß, um sie in ihrer Lage zu halten.That is, the air-suction and Umlenkwanne 56 is supported on the drive shaft 60 so that they only with a few screws on opposite side cheeks of Chain boom 20 must be attached to hold them in place.

Der als Luftzufuhreinrichtung dienende Düsenkasten 58 besteht aus einem flachen Metallgehäuse, das auf seiner dem Leertrum 36 zugewandten ebenen Unterseite mit einer Vielzahl von Luftaustrittsdüsen versehen ist, durch welche die unter dem Düsenkasten 58 hindurchtretenden Bogengreifer 18 des Kettenförderers 20 mit Luft beduscht werden können. Auf der Unterseite ist weiter die Bürste 92 in Bewegungsrichtung des Leertrums 36 unmittelbar hinter der Bürste 76 der Luft-Absaug- und Umlenkwanne 56 angebracht.The serving as an air supply nozzle box 58 consists of a flat metal housing, which is provided on its the Leertrum 36 facing flat bottom with a plurality of air outlet nozzles through which the passing under the nozzle box 58 sheet gripper 18 of the chain conveyor 20 can be showered with air. On the bottom of the brush 92 is further mounted in the direction of movement of the empty strand 36 immediately behind the brush 76 of the air-suction and Umlenkwanne 56.

Der Düsenkasten 58 ist durch eine Luftleitung (nicht dargestellt) über eine zwischengeschaltetes steuerbares Drosselventil 102 mit einem Verdichter 108 verbunden, der Atmosphärenluft aus der Umgebung der Druckmaschine 2 ansaugt und auf einen Druck zwischen 1,5 und 3,5 bar verdichtet. Zwischen dem Verdichter 108 und dem Düsenkasten 58 ist ein Partikelfilter 110 zwischengeschaltet, um die in den Düsenkasten 58 zugeführte Luft staubfrei zu machen.The nozzle box 58 is connected by an air line (not shown) via an interposed controllable throttle valve 102 with a compressor 108, which sucks atmospheric air from the environment of the printing machine 2 and compressed to a pressure between 1.5 and 3.5 bar. Between the compressor 108 and the nozzle box 58, a particulate filter 110 is interposed to make the air supplied into the nozzle box 58 dust-free.

Die in den Düsenkasten 58 zugeführte Luftmenge liegt zwischen 30 und 50 m3/h und ist so bemessen, daß nur ein Teil durch die Puderansaugschlitze 70 der Luft-Absaug- und Umlenkwanne 56 angesaugt wird, während die übrige Luft an der Oberseite der Luft-Absaug- und Umlenkwanne 56 in Richtung der Druckmaschine 2 abgelenkt wird.The amount of air supplied into the nozzle box 58 is between 30 and 50 m 3 / h and is dimensioned so that only a part is sucked through the powder intake slots 70 of the air suction and deflection trough 56, while the remaining air at the top of the air Suction and deflection trough 56 is deflected in the direction of the printing machine 2.

Während des Betriebs der Druckmaschine 2 und der Bogenauslage 22 wird die Luft mit einem verhältnismäßig geringen Druck von 1,5 bis 2 bar zugeführt, während der Luftdruck bei einer nachgeschalteten Reinigung der Bogenauslage 22 auf 3 bis 3,5 bar erhöht wird. Das steuerbare Drosselventil 102 in der Luftleitung gestattet eine getaktete Luftzufuhr in den Düsenkasten 58.During operation of the printing press 2 and the sheet delivery 22, the air is supplied at a relatively low pressure of 1.5 to 2 bar, while the air pressure at a downstream cleaning of the sheet delivery 22 is increased to 3 to 3.5 bar. The controllable throttle valve 102 in the air line allows a pulsed air supply into the nozzle box 58th

Die aus dem Düsenkasten 58 nach unten geblasene Luft strömt an den Bogengreifern 18 und an den Ketten des Kettenförderers 20 vorbei, wobei diese durch die Luft abgeduscht und anhaftende Puderpartikel nach unten mitgeführt werden, so daß sie vom Leertrum 36 nicht weiter in Richtung der Druckmaschine 2 transportiert werden können. Durch die Beduschung mit Luft bleiben darüber hinaus die Ketten und Führungsschienen 28 des Kettenauslegers 20 sauber und mit Fett gesättigt, so daß ein puderbedingter Verschleiß verhindert werden kann. Gleichzeitig bildet der nach unten geführte Luftstrom zusammen mit den beiden Bürsten 76, 92 in diesem Bereich der Bogenauslage 22 zwischen dem geschlossenen Gehäusedeckel auf der Oberseite, den Seitenwänden der Bogenauslage 22 und der Luft-Absaug- und Umlenkwanne 56 auf der Unterseite eine Sperre, die verhindert, daß puderbelastete Luft entlang des Leertrums 36 in Richtung der Druckmaschine 2 strömt.The blown down from the nozzle box 58 air flows past the sheet grippers 18 and the chains of the chain conveyor 20, wherein these are showered through the air and adhering powder particles are carried down so that they no longer from the empty strand 36 in the direction of the printing machine. 2 can be transported. In addition, by the spraying with air, the chains and guide rails 28 of the chain arm 20 remain clean and saturated with fat, so that a powder-related wear can be prevented. At the same time, the downwardly directed air flow, together with the two brushes 76, 92 in this area of the sheet delivery 22 between the closed housing cover on the top, the side walls of the sheet delivery 22 and the air suction and Umlenkwanne 56 on the bottom of a barrier that prevents powdered air from flowing along the empty strand 36 in the direction of the printing machine 2.

Während ein Teil der zugeführten Luft mit den abgereinigten Puderpartikeln durch die Puderansaugschlitze 70 der beiden mittleren Schlitzreihen auf der Oberseite der Luft-Absaug- und Umlenkwanne 56 und die zugehörigen Saugkanäle 72 abgesaugt und im nachgeschalteten Staubabscheider gereinigt wird, wird die restliche Luft an der Oberseite der Wanne 56 in Bewegungsrichtung des Leertrums 36 umgelenkt. Dabei wird durch die Luftansaugung am hinteren Außenrand der Wanne 56 ein Teil dieser Luft nach unten umgelenkt und strömt teilweise in die dort angeordneten Luftansaugschlitze 70 und teilweise auf der von der Druckmaschine abgewandten Vorderseite des Puderapparats 50 nach unten. Ein anderer Teil der umgelenkten Luft wird vom Sog des Leertrums 36 oberhalb des Puderapparats 50 vorbei in Richtung der Druckmaschine 2 geführt.While a portion of the supplied air is sucked with the cleaned powder particles through the powder intake slots 70 of the two middle rows of slots on the top of the air suction and Umlenkwanne 56 and the associated suction channels 72 and cleaned in the downstream dust collector, the remaining air at the top of the Trough 56 deflected in the direction of movement of the return strand 36. In this case, a portion of this air is deflected downward by the air intake at the rear outer edge of the trough 56 and flows partially into the air intake slots 70 arranged there and partly on the side facing away from the printing machine front of the powder apparatus 50 down. Another part of the deflected air is guided by the suction of the empty strand 36 above the powder apparatus 50 in the direction of the printing machine 2 over.

Gleichzeitig wird durch die Unterbrechung der Luftströmung entlang des Leertrums 36 druckmaschinenseitig von den Bürsten 76, 92 ein Unterdruck erzeugt, dessen Stärke von der Menge der durch den Düsenkasten 58 zugeführten Luft abhängt. Wenn durch den Düsenkasten 58 verhältnismäßig wenig Luft zugeführt wird, und der Unterdruck demzufolge größer ist, wird Luft aus der Umgebung der Bogenauslage durch ein am oberen Ende des schrägen Teilstücks des Gehäuses 24 angeordnetes Lüftungsgitter 95 ins Innere des Gehäuses 24 gesaugt, wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt. Der größte Teil dieser Luft wird durch die Sogwirkung des Leertrums 36 entlang desselben in Richtung der Druckmaschine 2 mitgeführt, während ein kleinerer Teil hinter dem als Luftweiche wirkenden Luftabsaugrohr 75 vorbei und entlang der in Richtung der Druckmaschine weisenden Rückseite des Puderapparats 50 nach unten strömt. Diese oberhalb und auf beiden Seiten des Puderapparats 50 gebildeten Luftströmungen tragen dazu bei, den Puder nach unten zur Oberfläche der vorbeitransportierten Bogen zu fördern und eine Aufwirbelung und Ausbreitung von aufgewirbeltem Puder zu verhindern.At the same time by the interruption of the air flow along the empty strand 36 of the brushes 76, 92, a vacuum generated by the brushes, 92, the strength of which depends on the amount of air supplied through the nozzle box 58. When relatively little air is supplied through the nozzle box 58, and the negative pressure is consequently greater, air from the vicinity of the sheet delivery is sucked into the interior of the housing 24 by a ventilation grille 95 arranged at the upper end of the oblique section of the housing 24, as shown in FIG. The largest part of this air is carried along by the suction effect of the slack side 36 along the same in the direction of the printing machine 2, while a smaller part flows behind behind the air-suction acting as Luftabsaugrohr 75 and along the direction of the press facing back of the powder apparatus 50 down. These air currents formed above and on both sides of the powder apparatus 50 help to convey the powder down to the surface of the sheets being conveyed, and to prevent the fluid from whirling up and from being swirled up.

Im Unterschied zu der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Bogenauslage 22 ist bei der in Fig. 5 dargestellten Bogenauslage 22 über dem Lüftungsgitter 95 ein Luftspeicher 97 auf der Oberseite der Bogenauslage 22 angeordnet, dem saubere, d.h. nicht mit Puder belastete Luft aus dem Partikelfilter 110 zugeführt wird, die dann an Stelle von Umgebungsluft durch das Lüftungsgitter 95 gesaugt wird. Die Luft im Luftspeicher 97 wird vorzugsweise unter Atmosphärendruck gehalten, so daß in Abhängigkeit von der Höhe des vom Leertrum 36 des Bogenauslegers 20 erzeugten Unterdrucks mehr oder weniger getrocknete Luft ins Innere des Gehäuses 24 zugeführt wird. Da die Höhe des Unterdrucks mit der Laufgeschwindigkeit des Bogenauslegers 20 zunimmt, kann auf diese Weise eine einfache druckgeschwindigkeitsabhängige Steuerung der Luftzufuhr erreicht werden.In contrast to the sheet display 22 shown in FIG. 2, in the sheet display 22 shown in FIG. 5, above the ventilation grille 95, an air reservoir 97 is arranged on the upper side of the sheet delivery 22, the clean, i. air not loaded with powder is supplied from the particulate filter 110, which is then sucked through the ventilation grille 95 in place of ambient air. The air in the air reservoir 97 is preferably maintained at atmospheric pressure, so that more or less dried air is supplied into the interior of the housing 24 in dependence on the height of the negative pressure generated by the slack side 36 of the sheet delivery arm 20. In this way, since the amount of negative pressure increases with the running speed of the sheet delivery arm 20, a simple printing speed-dependent control of the air supply can be achieved.

Bei der in Fig. 6 dargestellten verlängerten Bogenauslage 22 sind in deren unterem horizontalem Teilstück an zwei Stellen je ein weiterer mit dem Partikelfilter 110 verbundener Luftspeicher 97 über einem Lüftungsgitter in der Gehäuseoberseite angeordnet, um sicherzustellen, daß die puderfreie Luft bis zur Auslagetrommel 32 und zum Gegendruckzylinder 16 der Druckmaschine 2 transportiert wird.In the illustrated in Fig. 6 extended sheet delivery 22 are in the lower horizontal portion at two points ever another connected to the particulate filter 110 air reservoir 97 disposed over a ventilation grille in the housing top to ensure that the powder-free air to the delivery drum 32 and the Counter-pressure cylinder 16 of the printing press 2 is transported.

Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann zwischen dem Leertrum 36 und dem Fördertrum 30 des Bogenauslegers eine zum Kettenförderer 20 parallele Trennwand 99 angeordnet werden, die eine Umkehr der Luftströmung vor Erreichen der Druckmaschine 2 und eine Entstehung von puderbelasteten Querströmungen aus dem Bereich des Fördertrums nach oben in den Strömungspfad des Leertrums 36 verhindert. Die Trennwand 99 kann sich bis zum hinteren Außenrand der Wanne 56 erstrecken, um auf diese Weise auch oberhalb des Puderapparats 50 einen Eintrag von Puder in die eingeblasene bzw. angesaugte saubere Luft und somit in den Strömungspfad des Leertrums 36 zu verhindern. Auf der Seite der Druckmaschine 2 erstreckt sich die Trennwand 99 beinahe bis zur Auslagetrommel 32.Alternatively or additionally, a parallel to the chain conveyor 20 partition 99 can be arranged between the return strand 36 and the conveying strand 30 of the sheet delivery, the reversal of the air flow before reaching the printing press 2 and a generation of powder-laden cross flows from the range of the delivery up into the flow path the empty strand 36 prevented. The partition wall 99 may extend to the rear outer edge of the trough 56 to prevent in this way above the powder apparatus 50 an entry of powder in the injected or sucked clean air and thus in the flow path of the empty strand 36. On the side of the printing machine 2, the partition 99 extends almost to the delivery drum 32nd

Neben einem in ihrem unteren horizontalen Teilstück angeordneten und durch Luftöffnungen mit dem Inneren des Gehäuses verbundenen Luftspeicher 97 weist die in Fig. 7 dargestellte verlängerte Bogenauslage 22 zusätzlich auch noch in Bewegungsrichtung des Leertrums 36 vor dem Luftspeicher 97 einen weiteren Düsenkasten 59 und eine unterhalb des Düsenkastens 58 zwischen dem Leertrum 36 und dem Fördertrum 30 angeordnete Luftabsaug- und Luftumlenkwanne 57 auf, deren Funktion und Aufbau einschließlich zweier Bürstenanordnungen 91, 93 im wesentlichen derjenigen des Düsenkastens 58 und der Luft-Absaug- und Umlenkwanne 56 entspricht. Die Wanne 57 ist jedoch etwas flacher als die Wanne 58 und wird von den Seitenwangen des Bogenauslegers 20 getragen. Bei noch längeren Bogenauslagen 22 können auch zwei derartige Kombinationen aus Wanne 57, Düsenkasten 59 und Luftspeicher 97 vorgesehen sein.In addition to a arranged in its lower horizontal portion and air openings connected to the interior of the housing 97, the air-accumulator shown in Fig. 7 extended Bogenauslage 22 additionally also in the direction of movement of the empty strand 36 before the air reservoir 97 another nozzle box 59 and one below the nozzle box 58 disposed between the return strand 36 and the delivery 30 and Luftabsaug- Luftumlenkwanne 57, the function and structure including two brush assemblies 91, 93 corresponds substantially to that of the nozzle box 58 and the air-suction and Umlenkwanne 56. However, the trough 57 is somewhat shallower than the trough 58 and is supported by the side cheeks of the sheet delivery arm 20. For even longer sheet displays 22 and two such combinations of pan 57, nozzle box 59 and air storage 97 may be provided.

An jeder Stelle, an der eine solche Kombination aus Wanne 57, Düsenkasten 59 und Luftspeicher 97 angeordnet ist, wird die Luftströmung entlang des Leertrums 36 unterbrochen bzw. nach unten zum Fördertrum 30 hin umgelenkt, wie in Fig. 7 dargestellt. An die Stelle der unterbrochenen Luftströmung tritt ein Teil der durch den Düsenkasten 59 eingeblasenen Luft sowie die aus dem Luftspeicher 97 angesaugte Luft, die durch die Sogwirkung des Leertrums 36 in Richtung der Druckmaschine 2 befördert werden.At each point at which such a combination of trough 57, nozzle box 59 and air reservoir 97 is arranged, the air flow is interrupted along the empty strand 36 and deflected down to the conveying strand 30, as shown in Fig. 7. In place of the interrupted air flow enters a part of the air blown through the nozzle box 59 and the air sucked from the air reservoir 97 through the suction effect of the empty strand 36 are conveyed in the direction of the printing machine 2.

Die mittels des oder der Düsenkästen 58, 59 eingeblasene bzw. aus dem oder den Luftspeichern 97 angesaugte und durch die Sogwirkung des Leertrums 36 des Bogenauslegers 20 entlang desselben zur Auslagetrommel 32 transportierte Luft bildet oberhalb und unterhalb der Bogen ein Luftkissen, das zur Beruhigung des Bogenlaufs beiträgt. Das auf der Unterseite der Bogen erzeugte Luftpolster kann durch Zufuhr von Luft aus den Bogenleitblechen 38 ergänzt und verstärkt werden.The blown by means of or nozzle boxes 58, 59 or sucked from the air storage 97 and transported by the suction of the empty section 36 of the sheet delivery arm 20 along the same to the delivery drum 32 forms above and below the arc an air cushion, to calm the sheet run contributes. The air cushion generated on the underside of the sheet can be supplemented and reinforced by supplying air from the sheet guide plates 38.

Claims (31)

  1. Sheet-fed offset printing method wherein flow relationships in the interior of a housing (24) of a sheet delivery of a sheet-fed offset printing press are modified to prevent an uncontrolled spread of powder in the housing (24), with powder-laden air being extracted by suction from the housing (24) in at least one location along an empty run of a sheet conveying device (20) of the sheet delivery,
    characterized in
    that air flows within the housing (24) are channelled by feeding in air not laden with powder into the flow path along the empty run downstream as viewed in the direction of movement of the empty run (36) of the location at which the powder-laden air is extracted form the housing (24) by suction, in order for the air not laden with powder to be transported in the direction of the printing press (2) due to the suction action of the empty run (36).
  2. Method according to claim 1,
    characterized in
    that air not laden with powder is supplied to the flow path along the empty run (36) from above.
  3. Method according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in
    that the amount of supplied air is controlled by the printing speed of the printing press (2) and/or the running speed of the conveying device (20).
  4. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in
    that at least part of the supplied air is provided under atmospheric pressure and is sucked into the housing (24) due to a vacuum generated in the housing (24).
  5. Method according to claim 4,
    characterized in
    that the air is provided in an air reservoir (97) on the upper side of the housing (24).
  6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5,
    characterized in
    thin at least part of the supplied air is directed through the flow path of the empty run (36) past that side of the powdering device (50) that faces the printing press (2) and downward in the direction of the sheets that are transported past underneath the powdering device (50) by the conveying run (30) in order to block the infeed of powder-laden air from the region of the conveying run (30) and the powdering device (50) into the flow path of the empty run (36).
  7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in
    that cleaned ambient air is fed into the housing (24) of the sheet delivery (22).
  8. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7,
    characterized in
    that an air flow extending along an empty run (36) of the sheet conveying device (20) in the direction of the printing press (2) is interrupted by the extraction of the powder-laden air by suction and/or by the infeed of air from outside into the housing (24) in at least one location between the free end of the sheet delivery (22) and the printing press (2).
  9. Method according to claim 8,
    characterized in
    that the air flow is interrupted by at least one row of brushes (76, 92) and/or air flowing transversely to the direction of movement of the empty run (36).
  10. Method according to one of claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in
    that an air flow passing through the empty run (36) transversely to the direction of movement of the latter is generated by extracting the powder-laden air form the housing (24) in at least one location along the empty run (36) and/or by feeding in air into the housing (24) from outside in at least one location along the empty run.
  11. Method according to claim 10,
    characterized in
    that the extraction of the powder-laden air by suction and/or the infeed of air into the housing (24) from outside is carried out in an upper horizontal portion of the sheet delivery (22).
  12. Method according to one of claims 1 to 11,
    characterized in
    that the air flows within the housing (24) are channelled by impeding or blocking a flow of powder-laden air from the region of a conveying run (30) of the sheet conveying device (20) or a powdering device (50) into a flow path along the empty run (36).
  13. Method according to claim 12,
    characterized in
    that the flow of powder-laden air from the region of the conveying run (30) of the sheet-conveying device (20) or a powdering device (50) into the movement path of the empty run (36) is blocked by a dividing wall (56, 99) arranged between the empty run (36) and the conveying run (30).
  14. Sheet-fed offset printing press including a sheet delivery, a powdering device for applying powder to the printed sheets and arranged in a housing (24) of the sheet delivery, and air extraction devices (56) arranged in at least one location along an empty run of a sheet conveying device (20) of the sheet delivery to prevent an uncontrolled spread of powder in the housing (24) by modifying the flow relationships in the interior of the housing (24),
    characterized by
    channelling means (95; 97; 99; 75; 57, 59, 91, 93) that direct air not laden with powder and fed into the interior of the housing downstream of the air extraction devices (56) as viewed in the direction of movement of the empty run (36) into the flow path along the empty run (36) to transport the air not laden with powder in the direction of the printing press (2) due to the suction action of the empty run (36).
  15. Sheet-fed offset printing press according to claim 14,
    characterized in
    that means for generating an air flow passing through the empty run (36) of the sheet conveying device (20) transversely to the direction of movement of the empty run (36) comprise air infeed devices (58) for supplying air to the housing from outside and/or the air extraction devices (56) for extracting powder-laden air from the housing (24) by suction.
  16. Sheet-fed offset printing press according to claim 14 or 15,
    characterized in
    that the channelling means (95; 97; 99; 75; 57, 59, 91, 93) impede or block a flow of powder-laden air from the region of a conveying run (30) of the sheet conveying device (20) or a powdering device (50) into the flow path along the empty run (36).
  17. Sheet-fed offset printing press according to one of claims 14 to 16,
    characterized in
    that the channelling means (95; 97; 99; 75; 57, 59, 91, 93) comprise at least one air opening (95) in the housing (24).
  18. Sheet-fed offset printing press according to one of claims 14 to 17,
    characterized in
    that the channelling means (95; 97; 99; 75; 57, 59, 91, 93) comprise at least one air reservoir (97) communicating with the interior of the housing (24).
  19. Sheet-fed offset printing press according to claim 17 or 18,
    characterized in
    that the air opening (95) and/or the air reservoir (97) opens into the housing (24) in the vicinity of the empty run (36) and communicates with the interior of the housing (24), respectively.
  20. Sheet-fed offset printing press according to one of claims 17 to 19,
    characterized in
    that the air opening (95) and/or the air reservoir (97) is arranged on the top side of the housing (24), above the empty run (36).
  21. Sheet-fed offset printing press according to one of claims 17 to 20,
    characterized in
    that the air opening (95) and/or the air reservoir (97) is arranged between the air extraction devices (56) and/or the air infeed devices (59) and a delivery drum (32) of the printing press (2).
  22. Sheet-fed offset printing press according to one of claims 17 to 21,
    characterized in
    that the air fed in through the air opening (95) and/or the air reservoir (97) is under atmospheric pressure. ,
  23. Sheet-fed offset printing press according to one of claims 17 to 21,
    characterized in
    that an air diverter (75) is arranged underneath the air opening (95) and/or the air reservoir (97), the air diverter dividing air fed into the housing (24) of the sheet delivery (22) from outside into two flow portions, one of which flows along a side of the powdering device (50) facing the printing press (2), one of which flows along a side facing away from the printing press (2), and both of which flow in the direction of the sheets transported past underneath the powdering device (50).
  24. Sheet-fed offset printing press according to one of claims 14 to 23,
    characterized in
    that the amount of supplied air is controllable by changing the printing speed of the printing press (2) and the running speed of the conveying device (20), respectively.
  25. Sheet-fed offset printing press according to one of claims 14 to 24,
    characterized by
    devices (110) for cleaning the supplied air.
  26. Sheet-fed offset printing press according to one of claims 15 to 25,
    characterized in
    that the channelling means (95; 97; 99; 75; 57, 59, 91, 93) comprise a dividing wall (99) arranged on a portion of the length of the sheet delivery (22) between the empty run (36) and the conveying run (30).
  27. Sheet-fed offset printing press according to claim 26,
    characterized in
    that the dividing wall (99) extends as far as the vicinity of the printing press (2).
  28. Sheet-fed offset printing press according to claim 26 or 27,
    characterized in
    that the dividing wall (99) extends from the air infeed devices (58) and/or the air extraction devices (56) as far as the vicinity of the printing press (2).
  29. Sheet-fed offset printing press according to one of claims 15 to 28,
    characterized in
    that at least part of the air infeed devices (58) and/or the air extraction devices (56) is arranged in an upper horizontal portion of the sheet delivery (22).
  30. Sheet-fed offset printing press according to one of claims 15 to 29,
    characterized in
    that the air infeed devices (58) and/or the air extraction devices (56) generate an air flow that passes through the empty run (36) transversely to the direction of movement of the latter and causes an interruption of a powder-laden air flow extending along the empty run (36) in the direction of the printing press.
  31. Sheet-fed offset printing press according to one of claims 14 to 30,
    characterized by
    at least one brush arrangement (76, 92) partially blocking the flow path of the empty run (36).
EP99955959A 1998-11-16 1999-11-08 Sheet offset printing method and sheet offset printing press Expired - Lifetime EP1091855B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19852714 1998-11-16
DE19852714 1998-11-16
PCT/EP1999/008552 WO2000029215A1 (en) 1998-11-16 1999-11-08 Sheet offset printing method and sheet offset printing press

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EP1091855A1 EP1091855A1 (en) 2001-04-18
EP1091855B1 true EP1091855B1 (en) 2006-01-25

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US (1) US6606946B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1091855B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE316467T1 (en)
DE (1) DE59913083D1 (en)
WO (1) WO2000029215A1 (en)

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JP3949993B2 (en) * 2002-04-02 2007-07-25 株式会社小森コーポレーション Powder machine of printing machine
JP2005088320A (en) * 2003-09-17 2005-04-07 Komori Corp Dust collecting device of printing machine
WO2006095582A1 (en) * 2005-03-08 2006-09-14 Konica Minolta Medical & Graphic, Inc. Sheet-fed printing press and printing method
DE102005048158A1 (en) * 2005-10-06 2007-04-12 Platsch Gmbh & Co.Kg Delivery station for a printing press
US9090053B1 (en) * 2009-03-03 2015-07-28 Bruce A. Franke Air dispenser for printing press
CN102310625A (en) * 2010-07-09 2012-01-11 海德堡印刷机械股份公司 Machine with processing stock of one or more driers
CN105620036A (en) * 2016-03-09 2016-06-01 苏州华策纺织科技有限公司 Dust removing device for rotary screen printing machine

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US3556519A (en) * 1967-06-23 1971-01-19 Leo Keller Method and apparatus for stacking paper sheets or the like
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US20010050012A1 (en) 2001-12-13
US6606946B2 (en) 2003-08-19
ATE316467T1 (en) 2006-02-15
WO2000029215A1 (en) 2000-05-25
EP1091855A1 (en) 2001-04-18
DE59913083D1 (en) 2006-04-13

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