EP1086870B1 - Traction-compression device for a drawbar - Google Patents

Traction-compression device for a drawbar Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1086870B1
EP1086870B1 EP00250233A EP00250233A EP1086870B1 EP 1086870 B1 EP1086870 B1 EP 1086870B1 EP 00250233 A EP00250233 A EP 00250233A EP 00250233 A EP00250233 A EP 00250233A EP 1086870 B1 EP1086870 B1 EP 1086870B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support bearing
traction
pressure
drawbar
centering
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP00250233A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1086870A2 (en
EP1086870A3 (en
Inventor
Manfred Dipl.-Ing. Bartel (FH)
Bertram Dipl.-Ing. Wieloch
Detlef Kappler
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Bartel Manfred
Alstom Bahntechnologie Holding Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
DWA Deutsche Waggonbau GmbH
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Application filed by DWA Deutsche Waggonbau GmbH filed Critical DWA Deutsche Waggonbau GmbH
Publication of EP1086870A2 publication Critical patent/EP1086870A2/en
Publication of EP1086870A3 publication Critical patent/EP1086870A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1086870B1 publication Critical patent/EP1086870B1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61GCOUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G9/00Draw-gear
    • B61G9/04Draw-gear combined with buffing appliances
    • B61G9/06Draw-gear combined with buffing appliances with rubber springs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a push / pull coupling rod device for Rail vehicles with all-round directional joint effect according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • coupling rods with less or even without damping capacity use what more effective solutions to the problem of coupling rods with all-round directional joint action with high efficiency required to Main problem of meeting running safety, especially the Derailment security to solve with the extremely light single wagons.
  • a resilient pull and push device for Middle buffer clutches consist of a coupling rod that over a vertical hinge pin engages in a U-shaped drawbar, which in turn includes a telescopic spring device.
  • The is supported Spring device with its stops alternately over the front and rear movable support bearing plates and corresponding support bearings, the are attached to the base, from this.
  • As a coupling rod joint is on at the rear end of the same there is the already mentioned vertical hinge pin, which is enclosed by a joint piece, which in turn works together and peripheral spherical cap surfaces the rolling of the end surface to secure on the directional joint cap.
  • This version has the disadvantage that they consist of a large number of solid and moving parts that are space-consuming, heavy, expensive and prone to wear.
  • the components such as coupling rod, hinge pin, Joint piece, the calotte parts and between the end faces of the coupling rods and the rolling curve on the front support bearing part with the jerks and strains in the Train set, especially when braking, increased dynamic forces to be expected.
  • train-pressure coupling rods are generally known in freight wagon construction which at the bearing points in the base of the wagon, the coupling rod by a Support plate is passed through, on the pressure side as well as on the pull side of the Support plate spring elements are arranged.
  • the springs compressed on the pressure side and relieved the tension springs so that through the oblique Tilting position of the coupling rod produces a directional effect in the sense of a directional joint becomes.
  • This joint construction is insufficient Efficiency achieved.
  • a coupling rod is used which is elastic on the pressure side against the support bearing parts of a telescopic suspension and damping element supported in an articulated manner via spherical abutting surfaces.
  • the transmission of the train side The forces are exerted by a pull rod running through the carriage, which ends at the Coupling rod is connected in an articulated manner.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a push-pull coupling rod device To create a directional joint effect in which the efficiency of the directional joint improves and longitudinal forces in the train set are kept low, with the aim of Compliance with the derailment security of vehicle units with the lowest weight and furthermore by a space-saving, compact design with a straight line Force course a reduction of parts and weight and reduction of manufacturing costs can be achieved, which on the other hand also has a positive influence on the entertainment of the Vehicles.
  • the coupling rod on its end face as Continuation has a tie rod part, which is the focus of one Articulated plate sits, this articulated plate fixed or axially - longitudinally displaceable is connected to the tie rod part.
  • the pull rod is there through a support plate which is rigidly connected to the base performed and receives a special storage, with the focus on the Roll-off cap, the coupling rod has a specifically shaped centering part, which in a centering funnel that merges into an opening funnel is recorded.
  • This shape of the centering part ensures adequate Storage of the coupling rod opposite the base and an unimpeded Unrolling the directional joint plate on the support bearing over the entire tilting process.
  • On the pull side of the support bearing is expedient a ball joint approach that with the Corresponds to the contour of the following pulley, provided.
  • the following Spring for absorbing tensile forces ensures tension-free tensioning of the Bearing points and for the required damping effect from the train movement in Train. Versions are also proposed in which the Train receiving side of the support bearing and / or on the pressure receiving side Spring elements are arranged. Immediate damping in pressure and Train direction can be achieved directly, their arrangement essentially in Dependence of the car weight to be contested - load groups decided can be.
  • the invention secures with its straightforward course of forces and compact Construction and the unimpeded rolling process in the directional joint the full Fulfillment of the task and contributes to that too lightweight freight wagons meet the international demands of running safety, meet derailment safety requirements in particular.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 there is a support bearing 2 between the coupling supports 1 of the carriage underframe for mounting a coupling rod 3.
  • Compression forces F LX in the coupling rod 3 act in the direction indicated.
  • the coupling rod 3 itself here has at the end of its solid cross section a directional joint pressure plate 4, on which the pull rod 6 is arranged centrally in continuation of the central axis of the coupling rod 3.
  • the directional joint pressure plate 4 carries on the pressure receiving side a spherical cap with a directional joint radius R-Ri, which is preferably a size of equal to or greater than half the length of the coupling rod, measured between the support bearings 2, since this results in an exactly spherical rolling behavior between the support surfaces, which is very low , in particular vertical wheel relief components and flanged y forces. Furthermore, it is to be mentioned as advantageous that the tensioning torque which arises as a result of the axial displacement of the pull rod 6 relative to the support bearing 2 when the directional joint pressure plate 4 tilts during rolling on a rolling curve 5, a reduction in the y forces between wheel and rail and a reduction in the vertical wheel relief when a loaded and an empty wagon meet.
  • the tension rod 6 is supported with play in a centering funnel 11 which continues in an opening funnel 12.
  • the outer contours of the centering funnel 11 in the support bearing 2 and that of a centering stump part 10 of the pull rod 6 follow approximately a radius R A around the initial tipping points M2 and M3.
  • a length dimension L2 of the centering funnel 11 is shorter by the distance of an angular dimension ⁇ of the maximum deflection of the coupling rod 3 than a length dimension L1 of the centering stub part 10.
  • the centering stump part 10 is arranged on one side on the pressure receiving side and extends approximately to 1/3 of the support bearing thickness t. This results in a forced, centric tilting out of the directional joint pressure plate 4.
  • the support bearing 2 has a ball joint attachment 8 and a tension plate 7 as a corresponding counterpart, which can move about an imaginary center tipping point M1.
  • the traction sheave 7, which connects to a spring 13 for tensile forces, has 6 spherical contact surfaces in its seat on the pull rod for an inclined position of the coupling rod 3.
  • the spring 13 ensures the possible axial displacement when the directional joint pressure plate 4 rolls up to its extreme tipping point for one backlash-free mounting of the entire joint, for longitudinal damping and for a smooth compensation of the movement processes that do not constantly move around the same tipping points during the tipping process.
  • FIG. 3 shows an arrangement of springs 14 for impact forces on the pressure receiving side, the directional joint pressure plate 4 being arranged axially — longitudinally displaceably here on the pull rod 6.
  • the directional joint pressure plate 4 has a directional joint sleeve 16, which guarantees a stable sliding fit.
  • the spring 14 ensures a play-free bracing of the entire joint and an axially soft bearing.
  • the ball joint attachment 8 is designed as an exchangeable ball joint ring 9, which is made of material with advantageous friction behavior. It is conceivable to combine the solution shown in FIG. 1 with that in FIG. 3, as a result of which tension and shock absorption are advantageously achieved.
  • a spring 15 is used, the is responsible for tensile and impact forces at the same time. This is achieved through the Arrangement of a thrust washer 17 in its outer contour with additional train - Swivel stops 18 correspond to a tilting around the imaginary enable medium tipping point M1.
  • a pressure sleeve 20 secures the transmission the forces in tensile loads.
  • a pressure ring 19 is used to transmit traction.

Abstract

The coupling rod device has a coupling rod (3) on the pressure receiving side of a support bearing (2), with a straightening link pressure plate (4) and a roll-off curve (5). There is a traction rod (6) forming the end part of the coupling rod, which may be able to move along in the support bearing. The traction rod passes through the support bearing.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zug - Druck - Kuppelstangeneinrichtung für Schienenfahrzeuge mit allseitiger Richtgelenkwirkung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a push / pull coupling rod device for Rail vehicles with all-round directional joint effect according to the preamble of Claim 1.

Es sind bereits Lösungen bekannt, die das Ziel verfolgen, Zug - Druck - Kuppelstangeneinrichtungen zu entwickeln, die effektivere Richtgelenkausführungen besitzen bei gewichts- und aufwandsparenden Lösungen. Dies ist deshalb notwendig, weil insbesondere für Tragwageneinheiten im kombinierten Verkehr Schiene - Straße Fahrzeuge mit geringster Totmasse und damit maximal möglicher Nutzlast gefordert werden. Grund dafür ist die häufige Überschreitung der zulässigen Zuggesamtmasse, wodurch die Anzahl der Wagen z.B. in einem KV - Shuttlezug dann herabgesetzt werden muß. Erleichternd kommt hinzu, daß insbesondere bei Shuttlezügen die Rangiergeschwindigkeiten regulär herabgesetzt sind, so daß es sich anbietet, die Tragwagen innerhalb der Shuttle - Einheiten mit einer, gegenüber der Anwendung von Seitenpuffern, wesentlich gewichtsärmeren Kuppelstange zu realisieren. Damit kann ebenfalls noch der Abstand zwischen den Einzelwagen mit all seinen positiven Einflüssen reduziert werden. Damit wird es auch möglich, Kuppelstangen mit geringerer oder sogar ohne Dämpfungskapazität einzusetzen, was effektivere Lösungen des Problems der Kuppelstangen mit allseitiger Richtgelenkwirkung mit hohem Wirkungsgrad erfordert, um das Hauptproblem der Erfüllung der Laufsicherheit, insbesondere der Entgleisungssicherheit bei den extrem leichten Einzelwagen zu lösen.Solutions are already known that pursue the goal, train - push - To develop coupling rod devices, the more effective directional joint designs have solutions for weight and effort saving. This is This is necessary because, especially for combined wagon units Traffic by rail - road Vehicles with the lowest dead weight and therefore maximum possible payload. The reason for this is the frequent exceeding of the permissible total train mass, whereby the number of carriages e.g. in a KV - Shuttle train must then be reduced. It is also a relief that The shunting speeds are regularly reduced, especially for shuttle trains are, so that it makes sense, the carrier wagons within the shuttle units with one, compared to the use of side buffers, much lighter in weight Realize coupling rod. This can also be the distance between the Single car with all its positive influences can be reduced. So it will also possible, coupling rods with less or even without damping capacity use what more effective solutions to the problem of coupling rods with all-round directional joint action with high efficiency required to Main problem of meeting running safety, especially the Derailment security to solve with the extremely light single wagons.

Nach DE-OS 21 35 472 ist eine federnde Zug- und Stoßvorrichtung für Mittelpufferkupplungen bekannt, welche aus einer Kuppelstange, die über einen vertikalen Gelenkbolzen in einen U-förmigen Zugbügel eingreift, der wiederum einen Teleskop - Federapparat einschließt, besteht. Dabei stützt sich der Federapparat mit seinen Anschlägen wechselseitig über vordere und hintere bewegliche Stützlagerplatten und entsprechend korrespondierenden Stützlagern, die am Untergestell befestigt sind, an diesem ab. Als Kuppelstangengelenk ist am hinteren Ende derselben der bereits erwähnte vertikale Gelenkbolzen vorhanden, der von einem Gelenkstück umschlossen wird, welches wiederum im Zusammenwirken und peripheren Kugelkalottenflächen das Abrollen der Endfläche auf der Richtgelenkkalotte sichern soll. Diese Ausführung hat den Nachteil, daß sie aus einer Vielzahl massiven und beweglichen Teilen, die platzaufwendig, schwer, teuer und verschleißanfällig sind, besteht. Außerdem sind durch die vorhandenen Spiele zwischen den Bauteilen, wie Kuppelstange, Gelenkbolzen, Gelenkstück, der Kalottenteile und der zwischen den Endflächen der Kuppelstangen und der Abrollkurve am vorderen Stützlagerteil bei den Rucken und Zerrungen im Zugverband, insbesondere bei Bremsvorgängen erhöhte dynamische Kräfte zu erwarten.According to DE-OS 21 35 472 is a resilient pull and push device for Middle buffer clutches are known, which consist of a coupling rod that over a vertical hinge pin engages in a U-shaped drawbar, which in turn includes a telescopic spring device. The is supported Spring device with its stops alternately over the front and rear movable support bearing plates and corresponding support bearings, the are attached to the base, from this. As a coupling rod joint is on at the rear end of the same there is the already mentioned vertical hinge pin, which is enclosed by a joint piece, which in turn works together and peripheral spherical cap surfaces the rolling of the end surface to secure on the directional joint cap. This version has the disadvantage that they consist of a large number of solid and moving parts that are space-consuming, heavy, expensive and prone to wear. In addition, through the existing games between the components, such as coupling rod, hinge pin, Joint piece, the calotte parts and between the end faces of the coupling rods and the rolling curve on the front support bearing part with the jerks and strains in the Train set, especially when braking, increased dynamic forces to be expected.

Mit der DE 299 00 875 U1 wird eine Lösung vorgestellt, bei der der vertikale Gelenkbolzen zwischen dem Kuppelstangenende und dem Gabelkopf, der als Teil des festen Stiitzlagers starr mit dem Untergestell verbunden ist, in einem Langloch angeordnet ist, wobei zwischen Langloch und Gelenkbolzen kein Querspiel erkennbar ist, was bedeutet, daß ein zwangloses Abrollen des Kuppelstangenendes an der Richtgelenkkurve nicht möglich ist, was einen schlechten Wirkungsgrad des Richtgelenkes erwarten läßt. Dieser Tatbestand stellt einen empfindlichen Nachteil dar.DE 299 00 875 U1 presents a solution in which the vertical Hinge pin between the coupling rod end and the clevis, which is part of the fixed support bearing is rigidly connected to the base, in one Elongated hole is arranged, with no transverse play between the elongated hole and the hinge pin is recognizable, which means that a casual rolling off of the coupling rod end the directional joint curve is not possible, which is a poor efficiency of the Right joint expected. This is a serious disadvantage.

Weiterhin sind im Güterwagenbau allgemein Zug -Druck-Kuppelstangen bekannt, bei denen an den Lagerstellen im Untergestell des Waggons die Kuppelstange durch eine Stützplatte hindurch geführt wird, wobei an der Druckseite wie auch an der Zugseite der Stützplatte Federelemente angeordnet sind. Bei einer Stoßbelastung werden die Federn an der Druckseite komprimiert und die Zugfedern entlastet, so daß durch die schräge Kippstellung der Kuppelstange eine Richtwirkung im Sinne eines Richtgelenkes erzeugt wird. Der Nachteil ist dabei, daß diese Gelenkkonstruktion nur einen ungenügenden Wirkungsgrad erreicht.Furthermore, train-pressure coupling rods are generally known in freight wagon construction which at the bearing points in the base of the wagon, the coupling rod by a Support plate is passed through, on the pressure side as well as on the pull side of the Support plate spring elements are arranged. In the event of a shock load, the springs compressed on the pressure side and relieved the tension springs, so that through the oblique Tilting position of the coupling rod produces a directional effect in the sense of a directional joint becomes. The disadvantage is that this joint construction is insufficient Efficiency achieved.

In GB-A-417082 wird eine Kuppelstange verwendet, die sich druckseitig elastisch gegen die Stützlagerteile eines teleskopartigen Federungs- und Dämpfungselementes über kugelförmige Stoßflächen gelenkig abstützt. Die Übertragung der zugseitigen Kräfte erfolgt über eine durch den Wagen verlaufende Zugstange, die am Ende an der Kuppelstange gelenkartig angeschlossen ist.In GB-A-417082 a coupling rod is used which is elastic on the pressure side against the support bearing parts of a telescopic suspension and damping element supported in an articulated manner via spherical abutting surfaces. The transmission of the train side The forces are exerted by a pull rod running through the carriage, which ends at the Coupling rod is connected in an articulated manner.

Die DE 41 18 529 A1 zeigt eine vereinfachte Lösung, die mit festen stützlagerähnlichen Druckplatten arbeitet und bei der zwischen der Rückseite der Druckplatte und der inneren Scheitelfläche des Zugbügels lediglich eine Vorspannfeder angeordnet ist, wobei ein Anschlag vorhanden ist, der bei auftretenden Zugkräften ein geringeres Spiel zwischen der Endfläche des Zug-Druckstangenkopfes und der Druckplatte begrenzt. Diese Ausführung hat den Nachteil, daß die Vorspannfeder lediglich einen kurzen, begrenzten Federweg gestattet, der ausreichend ist für die axiale Verschiebung der Kuppelstange infolge des Abrollens und Kippens der Endfläche der Kuppelstange an der Abrollkurve der Druckplatte, um die axialen Vorspannkräfte in Grenzen zu halten, wobei der Längsdämpfungseffekt nur gering sein kann. Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht darin, daß infolge des Abstandes des verwendeten Gelenkbolzens zu der Stirnfläche der Kuppelstange bei gleichzeitiger Einwirkung von Druckkräften ein bedeutendes horizontales Kräftepaar entsteht, das nach dem Ausschöpfen der horizontalen seitlichen Spiele zwischen der Kuppelstange und der seitlichen Anschläge den Abrollvorgang auf der Endfläche der Kuppelstange behindert, was eine Reduzierung des Wirkungsgrades des Richtgelenkes in den Endstellungen zur Folge hat. Dieser Wirkungsgradverlust wird allgemein im ERRi -UIC -Bericht SVA - B12/RP49 von 10/91 angegeben, wo im Vergleich von theoretischen Ermittlungen zu praktischen Versuchen mit solchen Lösungen nur Wirkungsgrade von 0,6 -0,8 festgestellt wurden.DE 41 18 529 A1 shows a simplified solution with fixed support bearing-like Printing plates works and the between the back of the printing plate and the only a pretensioning spring is arranged on the inner apex surface of the tension bow, where a stop is present, the less play when tensile forces occur limited between the end surface of the push-push rod head and the pressure plate. This version has the disadvantage that the biasing spring is only a short, limited travel allowed, which is sufficient for the axial displacement of the Coupling rod due to the rolling and tilting of the end face of the coupling rod on the Rolling curve of the pressure plate in order to limit the axial preload forces the longitudinal damping effect can only be slight. Another disadvantage is in that due to the distance of the hinge pin used to the end face of the Coupling rod with the simultaneous action of compressive forces an important horizontal pair of forces arises that after exhausting the horizontal lateral Play the rolling process between the coupling rod and the side stops hindered the end face of the coupling rod, reducing efficiency of the directional joint in the end positions. This loss of efficiency will generally stated in the ERRi -UIC report SVA - B12 / RP49 from 10/91, where in Comparison of theoretical investigations with practical experiments with such Solutions only efficiencies of 0.6-0.8 were found.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Zug - Druck - Kuppelstangeneinrichtung mit Richtgelenkwirkung zu schaffen, bei der der Wirkungsgrad des Richtgelenkes verbessert wird und Zuglängskräfte im Zugverband gering gehalten werden, mit dem Ziel, der Erfüllung der Entgleisungssicherheit von Fahrzeugeinheiten mit geringstem Gewicht und des weiteren soll durch eine platzsparende, kompakte Ausführung mit geradlinigem Kraftverlauf eine Teile- und Gewichtsreduzierung und Senkung der Herstellungskosten erzielt werden, die andererseits auch positiven Einfluß auf die Unterhaltung der Fahrzeuge hat. The object of the invention is to provide a push-pull coupling rod device To create a directional joint effect in which the efficiency of the directional joint improves and longitudinal forces in the train set are kept low, with the aim of Compliance with the derailment security of vehicle units with the lowest weight and furthermore by a space-saving, compact design with a straight line Force course a reduction of parts and weight and reduction of manufacturing costs can be achieved, which on the other hand also has a positive influence on the entertainment of the Vehicles.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung gehen aus den Unteransprüchen hervor. Erfindungswesentlich ist, daß die Kuppelstange an ihrer Endfläche als Fortführung ein Zugstangenteil besitzt, welches im Mittelpunkt einer Richtgelenkplatte sitzt, wobei diese Richtgelenkplatte fest oder axial - längsverschiebbar mit dem Zugstangenteil verbunden ist. Die Zugstange ist dabei durch eine Stützplatte, die starr mit dem Untergestell verbunden ist, hindurch geführt und erhält darin eine spezielle Lagerung, wobei im Mittelpunkt der Abrollkalotte die Kuppelstange ein spezifisch geformtes Zentrierstumpfteil besitzt, welches in einem Zentriertrichter, der in einen Öffnungstrichter übergeht, aufgenommen wird. Diese Form des Zentrierstumpfteiles sichert eine ausreichende Lagerung der Kuppelstange gegenüber dem Untergestell und ein ungehindertes Abrollen der Richtgelenkplatte am Stützlager über den gesamten Kippvorgang. An der Zugseite des Stützlagers ist zweckmäßig ein Kugelgelenkansatz, der mit der Kontur der folgenden Zugscheibe korrespondiert, vorgesehen. Die nachfolgende Feder für die Aufnahme von Zugkräften sorgt für eine spielfreie Verspannung der Lagerstellen und für den erforderlichen Dämpfungseffekt aus der Zugbewegung im Zugverband. Es werden auch Ausführungen vorgeschlagen, bei denen an der Zugaufnahmeseite des Stützlagers und / oder an der Druckaufnahmeseite Federelemente angeordnet sind. Dabei können unmittelbare Dämpfungen in Druckund Zugrichtung direkt erzielt werden, deren Anordnung im wesentlichen in Abhängigkeit der zu bestreitenden Wagengewichts - Lastgruppen entschieden werden kann.The object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention emerge from the subclaims out. It is essential to the invention that the coupling rod on its end face as Continuation has a tie rod part, which is the focus of one Articulated plate sits, this articulated plate fixed or axially - longitudinally displaceable is connected to the tie rod part. The pull rod is there through a support plate which is rigidly connected to the base performed and receives a special storage, with the focus on the Roll-off cap, the coupling rod has a specifically shaped centering part, which in a centering funnel that merges into an opening funnel is recorded. This shape of the centering part ensures adequate Storage of the coupling rod opposite the base and an unimpeded Unrolling the directional joint plate on the support bearing over the entire tilting process. On the pull side of the support bearing is expedient a ball joint approach that with the Corresponds to the contour of the following pulley, provided. The following Spring for absorbing tensile forces ensures tension-free tensioning of the Bearing points and for the required damping effect from the train movement in Train. Versions are also proposed in which the Train receiving side of the support bearing and / or on the pressure receiving side Spring elements are arranged. Immediate damping in pressure and Train direction can be achieved directly, their arrangement essentially in Dependence of the car weight to be contested - load groups decided can be.

Die Erfindung sichert mit ihrem geradlinigen Kräfteverlauf und kompakten Bauweise und dem ungehinderten Abrollvorgang im Richtgelenk die volle Erfüllung der Aufgabenstellung und trägt dazu bei, daß auch sehr leichtgewichtige Güterwagen die internationalen Forderungen der Laufsicherheit, insbesondere der Entgleisungssicherheit erfüllen.The invention secures with its straightforward course of forces and compact Construction and the unimpeded rolling process in the directional joint the full Fulfillment of the task and contributes to that too lightweight freight wagons meet the international demands of running safety, meet derailment safety requirements in particular.

Im folgenden werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Die Zeichnungen zeigen in:

Fig.1:
einen Horizontalschnitt in Höhe der Achse der Kuppelstange mit Anschluß an das Untergestell,
Fig.2:
Einzelheit A nach Fig.1,
Fig.3:
Schnitt wie Fig.1,
jedoch mit Anordnung der Federelemente auf der Druckaufnahmeseite des Stützlagers,
Fig.4:
Schnitt wie Fig.1,
jedoch bei Anordnung eines Federelementes an der Druckaufnahmeseite für Druck- und Zugkräfte.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. The drawings show in:
Fig.1:
a horizontal section at the level of the axis of the coupling rod with connection to the base frame,
Figure 2:
Detail A according to Fig. 1,
Figure 3:
Section like Fig.1,
however with arrangement of the spring elements on the pressure receiving side of the support bearing,
Figure 4:
Section like Fig.1,
however, when a spring element is arranged on the pressure receiving side for compressive and tensile forces.

Wie Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen, befindet sich zwischen Kupplungsträgern 1 des Wagenuntergestells zur Lagerung einer Kuppelstange 3 ein Stützlager 2. Das Stützlager 2 ist starr befestigt und nimmt in einer zentralen Öffnung, eine am Ende der Kuppelstange 3 angeordnete Zugstange 6 auf. Druckkräfte FLX in der Kuppelstange 3 wirken in der angezeigten Richtung. Die Kuppelstange 3 selbst besitzt hier am Ende ihres massiven Querschnittes eine Richtgelenkdruckplatte 4, an die zentrisch in Fortführung der Mittelachse der Kuppelstange 3 die Zugstange 6 angeordnet ist. Die Richtgelenkdruckplatte 4 trägt an der Druckaufnahmeseite eine Kugelkalotte mit einem Richtgelenkradius R-Ri, der vorzugsweise ein Größenmaß von gleich oder größer der halben Kuppelstangenlänge, zwischen den Stützlagern 2 gemessen beträgt, da damit ein exakt kugelartiges Abrollverhalten zwischen den Stützflächen erzielt wird, welches sehr geringe, insbesondere vertikale Radentlastungskomponenten und Spurkranz - y - Kräfte bewirkt. Weiterhin ist als vorteilhaft zu nennen, daß das infolge der axialen Verschiebung der Zugstange 6 gegenüber dem Stützlager 2 beim Kippen der Richtgelenkdruckplatte 4 während des Abrollens auf einer Abrollkurve 5 entstehende Verspannmoment eine Verminderung der y-Kräfte zwischen Rad und Schiene sowie eine Verminderung der vertikalen Radentlastung beim Zusammentreffen eines beladenen und eines leeren Wagens mit sich bringt. Die Lagerung der Zugstange 6 erfolgt spielbehaftet in einem Zentriertrichter 11, der sich in einem Öffnungstrichter 12 fortsetzt. Die Mantelkonturen des Zentriertrichters 11 im Stützlager 2 und die eines Zentrierstumpfteiles 10 der Zugstange 6 folgen etwa einem Radius RA um die anfänglichen Kippunkte M2 und M3. Ein Längenmaß L2 des Zentrietrichters 11 ist um die Entfernung eines Winkelmaßes α des maximalen Ausschlages der Kuppelstange 3 kürzer ausgeführt als ein Längenmaß L1 des Zentrierstumpfteiles 10. Das Zentrierstumpfteil 10 ist dabei einseitig an der Druckaufnahmeseite angeordnet und reicht etwa bis 1/3 der Stützlagerdicke t. Damit ist ein zwangfreies und zentrisches Herauskippen der Richtgelenkdruckplatte 4 gegeben. Korrespondierend mit diesen Bewegungen besitzt das Stützlager 2 einen Kugelgelenkansatz 8 und eine Zugscheibe 7 als entsprechendes Gegenstück, das sich um einen gedachten mittleren Kippunkt M1 bewegen kann. Die Zugscheibe 7, die an eine Feder 13 für Zugkräfte anschließt, hat in ihrem Sitz auf der Zugstange 6 ballige Berührungsflächen für eine Schrägstellung der Kuppelstange 3. Die Feder 13 sorgt für die mögliche Axialverschiebung beim Abrollen der Richtgelenkdruckplatte 4 bis zu ihrem äußersten Kippunkt für eine spielfreie Lagerung des Gesamtgelenkes, für eine Längsdämpfung und für einen weichen Ausgleich der Bewegungsvorgänge, die sich im Ablaufvorgang des Kippens nicht ständig um die gleichen Kippunkte bewegen.
Es ist denkbar, das Zentrierstumpfteil 10 und den Zentriertrichter 11 kegelförmig auszuführen, wobei dann der Kegelseitenwinkel mindestens einen Winkel αT einer Tangente T des Radius RA im Kippunkt M2 oder M3 haben muß. Nachteilig wäre hierbei ein schnell zunehmendes Spiel im Trichter beim Herauskippen und eine damit verbundene ungenauere Führung der Zugstange 6.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, there is a support bearing 2 between the coupling supports 1 of the carriage underframe for mounting a coupling rod 3. Compression forces F LX in the coupling rod 3 act in the direction indicated. The coupling rod 3 itself here has at the end of its solid cross section a directional joint pressure plate 4, on which the pull rod 6 is arranged centrally in continuation of the central axis of the coupling rod 3. The directional joint pressure plate 4 carries on the pressure receiving side a spherical cap with a directional joint radius R-Ri, which is preferably a size of equal to or greater than half the length of the coupling rod, measured between the support bearings 2, since this results in an exactly spherical rolling behavior between the support surfaces, which is very low , in particular vertical wheel relief components and flanged y forces. Furthermore, it is to be mentioned as advantageous that the tensioning torque which arises as a result of the axial displacement of the pull rod 6 relative to the support bearing 2 when the directional joint pressure plate 4 tilts during rolling on a rolling curve 5, a reduction in the y forces between wheel and rail and a reduction in the vertical wheel relief when a loaded and an empty wagon meet. The tension rod 6 is supported with play in a centering funnel 11 which continues in an opening funnel 12. The outer contours of the centering funnel 11 in the support bearing 2 and that of a centering stump part 10 of the pull rod 6 follow approximately a radius R A around the initial tipping points M2 and M3. A length dimension L2 of the centering funnel 11 is shorter by the distance of an angular dimension α of the maximum deflection of the coupling rod 3 than a length dimension L1 of the centering stub part 10. The centering stump part 10 is arranged on one side on the pressure receiving side and extends approximately to 1/3 of the support bearing thickness t. This results in a forced, centric tilting out of the directional joint pressure plate 4. Corresponding to these movements, the support bearing 2 has a ball joint attachment 8 and a tension plate 7 as a corresponding counterpart, which can move about an imaginary center tipping point M1. The traction sheave 7, which connects to a spring 13 for tensile forces, has 6 spherical contact surfaces in its seat on the pull rod for an inclined position of the coupling rod 3. The spring 13 ensures the possible axial displacement when the directional joint pressure plate 4 rolls up to its extreme tipping point for one backlash-free mounting of the entire joint, for longitudinal damping and for a smooth compensation of the movement processes that do not constantly move around the same tipping points during the tipping process.
It is conceivable to design the centering part 10 and the centering funnel 11 in a conical shape, in which case the conical side angle must have at least an angle α T of a tangent T of the radius R A at the tipping point M2 or M3. The disadvantage here would be a rapidly increasing play in the funnel when tipping out and an associated less precise guidance of the pull rod 6.

Die Fig. 3 zeigt eine Anordnung von Federn 14 für Stoßkräfte an der Druckaufnahmeseite, wobei die Richtgelenkdruckplatte 4 hier auf der Zugstange 6 axial - längsverschiebbar angeordnet ist. Sie besitzt dazu eine Richtgelenkhülse 16, die einen stabilen Gleitsitz garantiert. Die Feder 14 sorgt für eine spielfreie Verspannung des gesamten Gelenkes und eine axialweiche Lagerung. Der Kugelgelenkansatz 8 ist als ein austauschbarer Kugelgelenkring 9 ausgebildet, der aus Werkstoff mit vorteilhaftem Reibverhalten hergestellt ist.
Es ist denkbar, die in Fig. 1 gezeigte Lösung mit der in Fig.3 zu kombinieren, wodurch man vorteilhaft eine Zug- und Stoßdämpfung erreicht.
FIG. 3 shows an arrangement of springs 14 for impact forces on the pressure receiving side, the directional joint pressure plate 4 being arranged axially — longitudinally displaceably here on the pull rod 6. For this purpose, it has a directional joint sleeve 16, which guarantees a stable sliding fit. The spring 14 ensures a play-free bracing of the entire joint and an axially soft bearing. The ball joint attachment 8 is designed as an exchangeable ball joint ring 9, which is made of material with advantageous friction behavior.
It is conceivable to combine the solution shown in FIG. 1 with that in FIG. 3, as a result of which tension and shock absorption are advantageously achieved.

Bei der in Fig. 4 gezeigten Auslegung wird eine Feder 15 verwendet, die gleichzeitig für Zug- und Stoßkräfte zuständig ist. Dies wird erreicht durch die Anordnung einer Druckscheibe 17, die in ihrer Außenkontur mit zusätzlichen Zug - Schwenkanschlägen 18 korrespondiert, die ein Kippen um den gedachten mittleren Kippunkt M1 ermöglichen. Eine Druckhülse 20 sichert die Übertragung der Kräfte bei Zugbelastungen. Ein Druckring 19 dient der Zugkraftübertragung. Mit der Verwendung der Zugstange 6 am Ende der Kuppelstange 3 und der festen oder axial - längsverschiebbaren Lagerung der Richtgelenkdruckplatte 4 auf der Zugstange 6 und die Ausbildung der Lagerung der Zugstange 6 im Stützlager 2 und der Anordnung von Zug- und Druckscheiben 7 und 17 sowie Federelemente, Federn 13, 14 und 15 wird eine vorteilhafte Zug - Druck - Kuppelstangeneinrichtung geschaffen, die eine hohe Laufsicherheit von leichten Güterwagen gewährleistet und die Gesamtökonomie, insbesondere des kombinierten Ladeverkehrs verbessert. In the design shown in Fig. 4, a spring 15 is used, the is responsible for tensile and impact forces at the same time. This is achieved through the Arrangement of a thrust washer 17 in its outer contour with additional train - Swivel stops 18 correspond to a tilting around the imaginary enable medium tipping point M1. A pressure sleeve 20 secures the transmission the forces in tensile loads. A pressure ring 19 is used to transmit traction. With the use of the pull rod 6 at the end of the coupling rod 3 and the fixed or axially - longitudinally displaceable mounting of the directional joint pressure plate 4 on the Pull rod 6 and the formation of the storage of the pull rod 6 in the support bearing 2 and the arrangement of tension and pressure plates 7 and 17 and spring elements, Springs 13, 14 and 15 will be an advantageous train - pressure - Coupling rod device created, the high running safety of light Freight cars guaranteed and the overall economy, especially of the combined Loading traffic improved.

Aufstellung der verwendeten BezugszeichenList of the reference numerals used

11
Kupplungsträgercoupling support
22
Stützlagersupport bearings
33
Kuppelstangecoupling rod
44
RichtgelenkdruckplatteDirectional coupling pressure plate
55
Abrollkurverolling curve
66
Zugstangepull bar
77
Zugscheibedrawplate
88th
KugelgelenkansatzBall joint approach
99
KugelgelenkringBall joint ring
1010
ZentrierstumpfteilZentrierstumpfteil
1111
Zentriertrichtercentering funnel
1212
Öffnungstrichteropening horn
1313
Feder (für Zugkräfte)Spring (for tensile forces)
1414
Feder (für Stoßkräfte)Spring (for impact forces)
1515
Feder (für Zug- und Stoßkräfte)Spring (for tensile and impact forces)
1616
RichtgelenkhülseDirectional coupling sleeve
1717
Druckscheibethrust washer
1818
Zug - SchwenkanschlägeTrain - swivel stops
1919
Druckringpressure ring
2020
Druckhülsepressure sleeve
αα
Winkelmaß (entspricht dem maximalen Ausschlag der Kuppelstange)Angular dimension (corresponds to the maximum deflection of the coupling rod)
M1M1
(gedachter mittlerer) Kippunkt(Imaginary middle) tipping point
M2M2
(oberer anfänglicher) Kippunkt(upper initial) tipping point
M3M3
(unterer anfänglicher) Kippunkt(lower initial) tipping point
tt
StützlagerdickeSupport bearing thickness
L1L1
Längenmaß (des Zentrierstumpfteiles)Length dimension (of the centering part)
L2L2
Längenmaß ( des Zentriertrichters)Length dimension (of the centering funnel)
RA R A
Radius (anfänglicher Kippradius)Radius (initial tilt radius)
R - RiR - Ri
RichtgelenkradiusDirectional-link radius
TT
Tangente (am Radius RA im Kippunkt M3 oder M4)Tangent (at radius R A at tipping point M3 or M4)
αT α T
Winkel (Tangentenwinkel)Angle (tangent angle)
FLX F LX
Druckkraftthrust

Claims (7)

  1. Drawing and buffing gear for railway vehicles with all-round directional coupling effect, comprising a support bearing (2) for rigid attachment to the under-frame of the railway vehicle, spring elements (13, 14, 15) for producing spring forces and damping and ball and socket joint-type mounting parts for creating a coercion-free tilting motion at the drawbar ends between support bearings and drawbars, characterized in that a drawbar (3) with a directional coupling pressure plate (4) having a roll-off curve (5) is arranged on the pressure accommodation side of a support bearing (2) and a tow-bar (6), formed rigidly as final part of the drawbar (3), is provided fixed or able to move axially-lengthwise in the support bearing (2), whereby the tow-bar (6) protrudes through the support bearing (2) and as change-over a curved or conically-shaped centering stub part (10) as well as being arranged one side on the pressure seat side is assigned to the tow-bar (6) in its passage through the support bearing (2), which projects into a centering funnel (11) arranged in the support bearing (2) as well as changing over into an opening funnel (12), whereby either a traction disk (7) having a spherical abutment surface is arranged on the traction accommodation side of the support bearing (2) or traction swivel stops (18) on the pressure side of the support bearing (2) assigned to this and the tow-bar (6) carries springs (13; 14; 15) on the traction and/or pressure accommodation side of the support bearing (2).
  2. Drawing and buffing gear according to Claim 1, characterized in that a directional coupling radius (R-Ri) of the directional coupling pressure plate (4) is implemented, which is equal to or larger than half the drawbar length, measured between the support bearings (2).
  3. Drawing and buffing gear according to Claim 1 and 2, characterized in that in the case of the curved-shaped centering stub part (10) this projects by 1/3 of a support bearing thickness (t) into the support bearing (2), whereby the curvature of the centering stump part (10) follows a radius (RA) around an initial tilting point (M2 and M3), and a longitudinal dimension (L2) of the centering funnel (11) is implemented shorter by an angular dimension (α) of the maximum excursion of a drawbar (1) than a longitudinal dimension (L1) of the centering stump part (10), whereby in consideration of a cutting plane through the longitudinal axis of the drawbar the initial tilting points (M2 and M3) correspond to the cross-over points between roll-off curve and centering stub part.
  4. Drawing and buffing gear according to Claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the traction disk (7) with its spherical abutment surface is in effective communication with the support bearing (2) via a ball and socket joint shoulder (8), which is formed as exchangeable ball and socket joint ring (9) with good friction behaviour, whereby the centre of the ball and socket joint shoulder (8) is located at an imaginary average tilting point (M1).
  5. Drawing and buffing gear according to Claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the axially lengthwise-adjustable directional coupling pressure plate (4), which is formed with a directional coupling sleeve (16), the springs (15) as well as a pressure disk (17), which comes into contact with a thrust ring (19) are arranged between the support bearings (2) and the traction swivel stops (18) and the contact surfaces of the pressure disk (17) and those of the traction swivel stop (18), which possess a common outline, follow the radius of the imaginary average tilting point (M1), and a pressure sleeve (20) is arranged between the directional coupling pressure plate (4) with centering stub part (10) and the tow-bar (6).
  6. Drawbar device according to anyone of the above claims, characterized in that to achieve a pressure and traction-side suspension of the drawbar (3), both springs (13) for traction forces are arranged on the traction accommodation side and springs (14) for buffing forces are arranged on the pressure accommodation side of the support bearing (2), whereby the directional coupling pressure plate (4) is provided with the directional coupling sleeve (16) for axial lengthwise movement.
  7. Drawing and buffing gear according to Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the case of a conically-shaped centering stub part (10) the conical side angle is at least an angle (ατ) of a developing tangent (T) of the radius (RA) at the tilting point (M3).
EP00250233A 1999-09-17 2000-07-13 Traction-compression device for a drawbar Expired - Lifetime EP1086870B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19944754 1999-09-17
DE19944754A DE19944754B4 (en) 1999-09-17 1999-09-17 Train-pressure buffing gear

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1086870A2 EP1086870A2 (en) 2001-03-28
EP1086870A3 EP1086870A3 (en) 2001-09-12
EP1086870B1 true EP1086870B1 (en) 2004-09-29

Family

ID=7922463

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00250233A Expired - Lifetime EP1086870B1 (en) 1999-09-17 2000-07-13 Traction-compression device for a drawbar

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1086870B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE277798T1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ294052B6 (en)
DE (1) DE19944754B4 (en)
PL (1) PL342529A1 (en)
SK (1) SK13602000A3 (en)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19944576C1 (en) 1999-09-17 2001-05-10 Dwa Deutsche Waggonbau Gmbh Adjustable coupling rod
ATE485988T1 (en) 2001-04-03 2010-11-15 Schwab Verkehrstechnik Ag TRAINING AND BUSHING DEVICE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
DE10202241C1 (en) * 2002-01-21 2003-10-09 Manfred Bartel High performance directional coupling
DE10210059C1 (en) 2002-03-08 2003-10-09 Manfred Bartel coupling rod
DE10246428B4 (en) * 2002-10-04 2009-07-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Directional joint for coupling rods
DE10250057A1 (en) * 2002-10-26 2004-05-06 Manfred Bartel Tension-compression damping system with directional joint effect
DE102005031598B4 (en) * 2005-07-06 2015-04-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft High performance directional coupling
DE102007003331B4 (en) * 2007-01-17 2009-10-01 Siemens Ag Device for the articulated connection of a coupling rod to a vehicle
DE102008030284B4 (en) 2008-06-30 2011-04-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft High performance swing plate right angle joint
CN104097657A (en) * 2014-07-28 2014-10-15 南车株洲电力机车有限公司 Locomotive traction device and locomotive body traction component thereof
CN113911161B (en) * 2021-09-18 2022-09-27 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 Vehicle-end traction connecting device for rescue

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DE702189C (en) * 1932-10-19 1941-02-01 Scharfenbergkupplung Akt Ges Rigid steering clutches for vehicles
DE2135472A1 (en) * 1971-07-15 1973-01-25 Knorr Bremse Kg Berlin Und Mue PULLING AND PUSHING DEVICE FOR CENTER BUMPER COUPLINGS
US3854597A (en) * 1973-07-30 1974-12-17 Westinghouse Air Brake Co Automatic hose connector for railway cars
US4555033A (en) * 1983-10-03 1985-11-26 Pullman Standard, Inc. Slackless non-cushioned drawbar arrangement for railway car underframe
DE4024998A1 (en) * 1990-08-07 1992-02-13 Bergische Stahlindustrie Articulated link for coupling rod - has assembly plate with ball joints, thrust pieces, rubber parts, and tie rods
DE4118529C2 (en) * 1991-06-06 1996-10-24 Niesky Waggonbau Gmbh Pulling and pushing device for close coupled rail vehicles
US5507400A (en) * 1994-06-01 1996-04-16 National Castings Incorporated Slackless drawbar or coupler with swivel mounting
DE29900875U1 (en) * 1999-01-20 1999-04-01 Eisenbahntech Halberstadt Gmbh Pulling and pushing device for short coupled rail vehicles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SK13602000A3 (en) 2001-06-11
CZ294052B6 (en) 2004-09-15
ATE277798T1 (en) 2004-10-15
PL342529A1 (en) 2001-03-26
DE19944754A1 (en) 2001-03-29
DE19944754B4 (en) 2004-01-29
EP1086870A2 (en) 2001-03-28
CZ20003131A3 (en) 2001-05-16
EP1086870A3 (en) 2001-09-12

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