EP1086038A1

EP1086038A1 - Elevator guiding device

Info

Publication number: EP1086038A1
Application number: EP98922571A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Marcel Ackermann
Original assignee: Zuend AG
Current assignee: Zuend AG
Priority date: 1998-06-10
Filing date: 1998-06-10
Publication date: 2001-03-28
Also published as: AU7518498A; WO1999064338A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an elevator with a car (2) or a cage, a lifting device and a guiding device. The guiding device comprises at least two U-shaped guide areas (5) which are open towards each other and are arranged on opposite sides of the car (2). At least one pair of limbs, preferably all four limbs, protruding towards each other in a centering area (5a) extending from the connecting area to the open profile side are spaced at an increasing distance in relation to a common central plane. At least one top and one bottom guide roller (4) stand out on both sides of the car (2) in the U-shaped guide area (5). The rolling surfaces (4a) of at least two opposing guide rollers (4) roll in the centering areas (5a) on the inner surfaces of the protruding limbs, said surfaces being inclined in the direction of the central plane, so that the car (2) is centered and guided. There is no need to use several rollers that are pressed on the outer surfaces of a guide having axes of rotation which are inclined and/or staggered in relation to each other. The inventive U-shaped guide areas (5) enable simple and space-saving construction of the guide parts on the cabin side. The lateral space required in the car is very small in view of the fact that the guide rollers (4) are located in the guide areas (5). The small amount of guide rollers (4) required and the guide areas (5) that are open towards the cabin make it possible to carry out maintenance from the car (2) with little complications. In view of the fact that the rollers (4) cannot jump out of the U-shaped guide areas (5) and that the weight of the car is placed on corresponding guide surfaces, it is not necessary to apply pressure on the rollers (4). Hence, no deformation of the rollers (4) occurs when the elevator is not operating. A quiet or highly comfortable elevator service is thus ensured.

Description

GUIDE DEVICE FOR ELEVATOR

The invention relates to an elevator according to the preamble of claim 1.

The lifts used in buildings require a lifting device with drive and a guide device to move a cabin or a basket. A wide range of embodiments are known in the lifting devices. Hoists with cables are the most common. The rope is set in motion by the drive motor, preferably via traction sheaves or drums. The cable guide is designed according to requirements and may include deflection rollers or a pulley and / or a connection to a counterweight. Instead of ropes, chains, in particular endless chains, are also used. Other lifting devices include hydraulic actuators, which may be combined with cables or chains. Solutions with spindles mounted and driven on the building side are also known, in which case an external thread of the spindle interacts with an internal thread of a sleeve connected to the cabin or the basket. If the drive motor is arranged on the cabin, the cabin can be moved up and down by means of friction wheels on a rail or by means of a toothed wheel on a rack.

The common guide devices each include two or three T-shaped guide profiles, which are installed on site on the elevator shaft and each protrude with one leg against the basket or the elevator car. Sliding shoes or roller arrangements connected to the cabin connect to the projecting legs in such a way that the cabin is guided on the guide profiles. If the building changes, the alignment of the guide profiles can be impaired. An assembly solution is known from CH 680 786 A5 in which the guide profile is essentially immovable in the horizontal direction, but is displaceable in the vertical direction. The exact building-side assembly or alignment of the guide profiles is complex. In addition, the assembled guide profiles form sound bridges between the cabin and the housing and in particular between different floors. When using sliding shoes that grip the protruding legs from their end face, the protruding legs must be checked for dislocations and lubricated. When using roller arrangements, guide rollers are pressed on both sides against the broad sides and also against the front side of the projecting legs. Thus, two roles with parallel and one with a perpendicular axis of rotation are required for each guide point. Such roller guides are associated with increased space and assembly costs. Instead of the legs, the roller bearings must be lubricated or checked. With long downtimes, the guide rollers are deformed due to press force, which leads to unsteady running behavior. In CH 644 821 A5 it is proposed to use pairs of rollers with different diameters instead of the individual rollers. As a result, however, the number of guide rollers required and, in particular, their maintenance expenditure is further increased.

For safety reasons, at least the passenger lifts are equipped with safety brakes. The safety brakes are triggered at increased driving speed and generate braking forces between the cabin and a braking surface on the building side. According to EP 372 574, the safety brake is to grip around the protruding leg of a t-shaped guide profile with a brake shoe and clamp it if necessary. For safety reasons, the safety brakes must be tested from time to time. These trapping samples cause damage to the guiding surface, which impairs their guiding properties.

EP 745 550 A1 describes a hollow guide profile which on its outside comprises three differently oriented guide surfaces for guide rollers, two friction lift surfaces facing away from one another and a separate brake leg. The brake leg can be gripped by a normal brake safety device, wherein deformations of the brake leg caused by trapping do not impair driving comfort. Two guide surfaces are aligned with each other at an angle of 90 °. The third guide surface is aligned with the first two at an angle of 45 °. The elevator car is arranged between two such hollow guide profiles and is guided by guide rollers on the guide surfaces and set in motion by means of pairs of friction rollers, of which one roller can be driven in each case. Each of the three interacting leadership roles one is arranged in the area between the two guide profiles, the roller plane being parallel to a connecting plane between the two guide profiles. Ropes lead from the counterweights to the cabin via deflection rollers at the upper end of the guide profiles. The guide profiles are attached to the building using fastening modules.

The two hollow guide profiles restrict the shaft or passage width available for the cabin. In order not to further restrict this width, the guide rollers, which each claim at least one area directed towards the shaft center next to the guide profile, are arranged above the cabin roof, which is associated with complex inspection and maintenance from the cabin roof. The friction roller pairs, which also have a guiding function, are arranged at the lower end of the cabin. A total of at least 10 roles with leadership functions are required. The friction rollers are pressed against the outside of the hollow guide profile with a high pressing force. This causes roller deformations at standstill, which worsen the running behavior. In addition, the wall thickness of the guide profile must be large to prevent deformation due to the contact pressure.

Counterweights are arranged in guides inside the hollow guide profiles. The counterweights have to be assembled with a lot of effort through lockable maintenance openings and connected to the cabin with ropes. The ropes can only be checked and attached to the counterweight through the maintenance opening and in the free shaft above the cabin. Another disadvantage of the solution according to EP 745 550 A1 is the sound transmission through the fastening modules.

From CH 598 127 an inclined elevator with a single hollow guide profile is known. The guide profile comprises longitudinal ribs or legs on the inside and outside, which form running surfaces for guide rollers and braking surfaces for safety brakes. Eight rollers are required to guide the cabin. The profile height is large and would undesirably reduce the maximum possible cabin cross-section if installed in a shaft. From CH 525 833 an elevator shaft made of prefabricated shaft sections is known, wherein the shape of the walls forms a guide for the cabin, so that no separate guide rails have to be provided. The shaft sections are heavy and bulky, so that they can only be put together with great effort and in particular not in narrow openings. To guide the cabin, pairs of rollers with roller axes arranged perpendicular to one another are provided. These pairs of rollers each occupy an undesirably large area of the shaft cross section. In addition, ten leadership roles must be provided. A brake leg is not provided and would therefore have to be installed additionally.

From CH 536 788 a shaft frame made of profile parts is known, which is fastened on site and to which two guide profiles are fastened. The guide profiles have paired guide surfaces for guide roller pairs with roller axes arranged perpendicular to one another. The rollers are arranged on the side of the cabin and, due to the rotation axes running in pairs perpendicular to each other, take up an undesirably large proportion of the free shaft cross-section. If the shaft scaffold is now installed in a building shaft, the free cross section through the shaft scaffold and additionally through the guide arrangement is narrowed.

The invention is based on the object of finding an elevator which is simple, maintenance-friendly and space-saving and which ensures good driving comfort.

This object is solved by the features of claim 1. The dependent claims describe alternative or advantageous variants.

The guide device comprises two U-shaped guide areas, which are open to one another and are each arranged on opposite sides of the cabin. The inner surfaces of at least two legs projecting toward one another, but preferably of all legs, have a distance from a common center plane that increases towards the cabin in a centering area. Now if the cabin guide rollers on both sides of the cabin with their rolling surfaces in the centering areas on the the inclined inner surfaces of the protruding legs rest, the cabin is guided centered. Already two rollers resting against each other with the centering surfaces aligned obliquely and having the essentially same axis of rotation enable centering. It is therefore possible to dispense with a plurality of rollers pressed on outer surfaces of a guide and with axes of rotation inclined and / or offset with respect to one another. The U-shaped guide areas according to the invention enable a simple and space-saving construction of the cabin-side guide parts. Because the guide rollers are included in the guide areas, the space required to the side of the cabin is very small. The small number of necessary guide rollers and the guide areas open towards the cabin enable maintenance that can be carried out from the cabin with little effort. Because the rollers cannot emerge from the U-shaped guide area and are in contact with the corresponding guide surfaces due to the weight of the cabin, pressing on the rollers is not necessary. This means that there is no deformation of the rollers during downtimes. Correspondingly, quiet driving and high driving comfort are guaranteed.

The U-shaped guide areas can be attached to the building as guide profiles. However, embodiments are preferred in which the elevator shaft is a self-supporting metal or steel structure with supports running vertically in the corner regions, on which the building-side elevator doors, the lifting device and the guide device are also arranged, the U-shaped guide areas being located in two adjacent ones Carriers are used. A self-supporting shaft construction only has to be placed on or attached to a support surface. There is no need for further fastening connections to the building. As a result, changes in the building due to material expansion have no influence on the alignment of the guides. In addition, unwanted sound bridges are avoided. Sealing elements are preferably arranged between the building and the building-side doors arranged on the shaft construction. The self-supporting shaft construction enables extremely quick assembly with precisely running guide areas.

In embodiments that include a safety device with a speed monitor and clamping devices that can be triggered by the latter, the clamping devices are preferably assigned to the U-shaped guide areas. The Clamping devices are preferably clampable from the inside between the legs at clamping areas separated from the central areas. Additional clamping legs can thus be dispensed with without the centering areas being damaged by catching operations. The clamping devices are preferably arranged in the area of the cabins in such a way that they Cab are accessible and can therefore be serviced with little effort

An elevator according to the invention can be used with any lifting device known from the prior art.The embodiments in which the lifting device comprises two supporting elements which are connected to the cabin at a distance from one another ensure that both lifting elements are loaded equally and that they are jammed-free and are therefore suitable for Many applications advantageous It is also advantageous if the attachment is carried out close to a guide area and the guide areas are arranged in corner areas of the elevator, because then the guide weight means that the upper guide channels are printed against the inner and lower guide channels against the outer legs of the guide areas It would also be possible to attach the support members to corner areas of the cabin that are spaced apart from the guide areas, in which case the rollers would each just touch the other legs due to the cabin weight. If the support members were in a mi If the middle area is fastened between the mentioned fastening corner areas, the abutment of the castors also depends on the weight distribution in the cabin, which is not particularly desirable because the casters cannot emerge from the U-shaped guide areas, but is the case with all fastening variants Supporting elements and any weight distribution in the cabin ensures that the cabin always remains guided

If the support members are designed as endless chains, which extend from the upper cabin area via a sprocket on the upper and one each on the lower elevator end area to the lower cabin area, a drive motor can be arranged on the upper or lower elevator end area and act on the corresponding two sprockets Sprocket and the space required for the drive is extremely small In the case of sprockets with a small diameter, the chain sections run on both sides of a sprocket with a small distance from one another, which makes it easier to check and maintain the chains if the drive motor is located at the upper end of the elevator. an extremely small pit area under the lowest station is sufficient. Accordingly, an elevator according to the invention can also be installed in an existing building with minimal structural changes. In addition, counterweights can be arranged in the endless chains, equally spaced from the cabin in both chain directions, in order to reduce the maximum drive power required.

It has now been shown that an elevator according to the invention can also advantageously be designed as an inclined lift. For this purpose, the U-shaped guide areas, but preferably carriers with these guide areas, are arranged inclined to the vertical. The cabin is then oriented at an appropriate angle to the guide areas so that it has a substantially horizontal platform. The cabin preferably has two cabin support profiles arranged parallel to the guide areas, to which the guide rollers, optionally clamping devices and the platform are fastened. The inclined lift can be designed with or without a shaft. Carriers with the U-shaped guide areas can be made very stable and offer space for supporting elements, preferably for endless chains, in a narrow space. The guiding of the supporting elements in the carriers with the guiding areas avoids dangers, because hardly any accidental contact with moving supporting elements is possible during operation. Nevertheless, the support elements are accessible for maintenance purposes.

In order to provide inclined lifts adapted to the terrain, straight girders with different inclinations can be connected to one another by means of transition pieces. The transition pieces must connect the guide areas with each other and deflect the supporting elements by means of deflection rollers. In order to ensure that the cabin floor is always substantially horizontal, the cabin must have an inclination compensation device. This compensation device could possibly detect a deviation of the cabin orientation from the horizontal or vertical, independently of the guidance, and could actively compensate for this deviation by swiveling actuation. Because the cabin would have to be supplied with energy for this purpose, it is more expedient to carry out the pivoting operation from the supports. For this purpose, an actuation guide could be arranged on at least one carrier, in which an actuation lever of the cabin engages. The actuators The operating lever must deflect the actuating lever away from a baseline in accordance with the compensation deflection required in each case, so that a compensation or. Pivotal movement of the cabin floor is executable relative to the cabin support profiles. If the actuation guide has only a small deflection range, then it must be able to transmit large forces to the actuation lever. Large forces can be achieved if the guide curve runs in a normal plane to the axes of the guide rollers and the actuation forces are generated by the variable distance between one leg of the guide area and the actuation guide. The actuation guide is preferably arranged on the inside of the carrier and transition pieces directed against the cabin support profiles. However, it is also possible to form actuation guides between the interacting supports or guide areas, preferably at least one guide line being formed in a deflection area extending between the supports.

A lift according to the invention can thus comprise flat or horizontal, inclined and also vertical sections. There are many different possible uses. Since the same supports with the same guide areas, as well as the same support members and, if applicable, shaft elements can now be used for vertical elevators and inclined elevators, the most diverse elevator problems can be solved with a small number of standard elements.

The drawings explain the elevator according to the invention on the basis of an exemplary embodiment. It shows

1 is a horizontal section through an elevator with shaft construction and cabin,

2 shows a schematic side view of an elevator with a drive arranged at the top,

3 shows a schematic side view of an elevator with a drive arranged at the bottom,

4 shows a schematic side view of a cabin with a staircase pulled down from the cabin ceiling, guide rollers and a clamping device, 5 shows a horizontal section through a vertical support with a guide area and a guide roller guided therein and fastened to the cabin, FIG. 6 shows a schematic side view of a clamping device, FIG. 7 shows a horizontal section through a vertical support with a guide area and a clampable therein the clamping device attached to the cabin

8 shows a schematic side view of a pit safety device, FIG. 9 shows a horizontal section through an elevator with doors arranged at a corner, FIG. 10 shows a horizontal section through an elevator with doors on opposite sides of the cabin,

Fig. 1 1 front view of a building-side elevator door and

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a shaft construction

Fig. 1 shows an elevator 1 with a car 2, which can be moved in a shaft 3. The cabin 2 is guided with laterally projecting guide rollers 4 in two U-shaped guide areas 5 arranged on both sides of the cabin 2. In order to guide the cabin 2 in the two guide areas 5, at least two pairs of guide rollers 4 spaced apart in the guide direction are required. If the guide areas 5 are arranged in areas of the cabin 2 or the shaft 3 close to the corner, the cabin weight generates a torque about the axis of a pair of rollers, which torque is absorbed by the other pair of rollers. The rolling surfaces of one or the other pair of rollers are pressed against one or the other protruding legs of the guide areas 5. Analogous to the torque due to the weight of the cabin, torques arise around the pairs of guide rollers or their contact areas due to the suspension means attached to the cabin. The contact of the rolling surfaces on the legs of the guide areas 5 thus depends on the total torque.

In a preferred embodiment, the suspension element comprises two suspension elements which are each connected to the cabin 2 in the area of a guide area 5. The use of two supporting elements attached to the side of the cabin means that there is no need for a yoke above the cabin 2, which reduces the overall height and enables a maintenance opening in the cabin roof. Ropes, chains, hydraulic actuation elements or possibly also on the building side can be used as supporting members stored and driven spindles are used. If the drive motor is arranged on the cabin, then at least one friction or gearwheel will interact with a rail or rack on the shaft in a frictional or positive manner. If necessary, however, the rollers of a pair of guide rollers are designed as drive friction wheels. The suspension element torques go from the attachment points of the suspension elements or, in the case of solutions with the drive motor to the cabin, from the area of the friction or Form fit.

In the embodiment shown, two support members are designed as endless chains 6. As can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, these chains 6 lead from the upper cabin area to the lower cabin area via a chain wheel 7 each at the upper and one at the lower elevator end area. A drive motor 8 at the upper or lower end of the elevator acts on the chains 6 via one of the two sprockets 7. Counterweights can be arranged in the chains 6, equally spaced from the car 2 in both chain directions, in order to achieve the maximum drive power required by the operator - to reduce thebsmotores 8. When chains 6 are used, deflecting chain wheels 7 with a small diameter can be used. In the case of ropes, deflection pulleys with diameters of at least 40 times the rope diameter would have to be used to avoid impermissibly high buckling forces. The small diameters of the chain wheels 7 make it possible to make the shaft length very small under the bottom and over the top stop.

In order to guide at least one pair of guide rollers 4 centered with essentially the same axes of rotation, a cross-sectional partial area of the U-shaped guide areas 5 is designed as a centering area 5a. In the centering area 5a, at least one pair of mutually protruding legs of the mutually open guide areas 5, which are arranged on opposite sides of the cabin, have inner surfaces with a distance from the outside toward the cabin increasing from a common central plane of the guide areas 5. This results in a centered equilibrium position in the direction of the axis of rotation of the guide rollers, from which the cabin could only be deflected by an interference force acting in the direction of the axis of rotation. The inner surfaces of each leg are preferably aligned accordingly, so that all pairs of guide rollers, irrespective of the legs against which they rest, are guided in a centered manner by the described alignment of the projecting legs. The u-shaped guide areas 5 can, for example, be installed directly on-site as u-profiles, but the guide areas 5 are preferably formed on a self-supporting shaft construction. In order to avoid unnecessary parts, the guide areas 5 are formed in supports 9 in the embodiment shown in accordance with FIG. 5 the carriers 9 comprise the u-shaped guide area 5 and a c-shaped profile 10 encircling them, preferably one leg each of the u and c profile being directly connected to one another and ribs 11 between the other two legs transverse to the direction of the guide Passage openings 12 are fastened, for example, for carrying through suspension elements 6 and / or electrical lines. Now that the c-shaped profile is open towards the cabin in a partial area of the ribs 11, the chain 6 remains controllable and maintainable. that the required stability of the wearer by others or additional he profile shapes and / or larger wall thicknesses can also be achieved without ribs 11. In the embodiment shown, the supports 9 are used as corner supports in a self-supporting shaft construction, which is illustrated in FIG

In the manufacture of the supports 9, flat steel sheets are preferably formed by pressing or bending into U-shaped and C-shaped profiles. The legs to be connected to one another and the ribs 1 1 to be used are welded together in the form of points or lines. Profile shapes can also be used , which, in addition to the guide area, preferably also include a channel area which provides stability and, if appropriate, a viewable channel area which receives the return chain, such profiles can also be drawn or produced as extruded profiles if the two chain sections between the cabin 2 and the sprockets 7 in the guide area 5 and the latter Sections connecting chain return section runs in a chain channel of the carrier 9, so the load capacities of the chain 6 can be absorbed by the carrier 9. In addition, there is an extremely compact and space-saving combination of the guiding and lifting devices

5 preferably have a conical rolling surface 4a, the conical shape of the rolling surface 4a being adapted in particular to a conical shape of the centering area 5a in the horizontal section. In the centered cabin position, the guiding grooves 4 rest on one leg with their rolling surface and are for other leg a small distance To ensure easy control, maintenance and quick replacement of the guide tubes 4, they are attached to a cabin support profile 13 accessible from the inside of the cabin. The attachment is carried out with a fastening device 14. Around the cabin support profile 13 and the attachment devices cover, a removable cover 15 is attached to the interior of the cabin

The cabin structure is shown with the aid of FIGS. 1 and 4. In addition to the two cabin support profiles 13 assigned to the guide areas, vertical elements 46 are arranged on the other two cabin corners. The vertical elements 46 and the cabin support profiles 13 are at the bottom or top with a floor 47 or one Ceiling 48 connected The cabin wall elements 49 are fastened to the basic structure of the cabin described. The corner areas are covered by covers 15. Handrails 36 are fastened along the cabin walls and, if necessary, a switching device 33 is also arranged on a handrail 36, which in particular by people in the Wheelchair is easily accessible The cabin door 35 is designed as an automatic telescopic sliding door whose door leaves are accommodated in the door receiving areas 50 in the open state. The guide and actuation device 34 for the cabin door 35 is arranged above the cabin roof. In a preferred embodiment, this guideand actuation device 34 are designed and arranged such that maintenance is possible from the cabin. All that is required is to remove a cover

4 schematically shows how the guide channels 4 are arranged one above the other in the area of the cabin support profile 13. In the embodiment shown, in the upper and lower area of the cabin 2 there is a slide 4 'with two guide channels 4 by means of a fastening device 14 on the cabin support profile 13 Fastened In order to allow access to the guide rails 4 in the guide area 5, 13 openings 16 are formed in the cabin support profile. These openings 16 are arranged and dimensioned in such a way that guide channels 4 can also be replaced. len 4 against one leg of the guide area 5, a centering device between the cabin support profile and the guide is optionally profile 5 used force-effectively If necessary, the cabin 2 is set down on the nozzle 17 at the lower end of the shaft

At the upper and at the lower end of the cabin connecting devices 18 for connecting the cabin support profiles 13 to the ends of the chain 6 are arranged. Each, preferably the upper, of these connecting devices 18 comprises a tensioning device for tensioning the chain 6 and possibly a slack chain monitoring The connecting devices 18 and, in particular, a slack chain monitoring, which may be arranged with them, are preferably also accessible through openings 16 from the interior of the cabin

In the embodiment shown, a safety device with a speed monitor and a clamping device that can be triggered by it is used. The speed monitor comprises, for example, an endlessly guided rope 19 which is guided around deflection rollers 20 in the upper and lower end of the elevator area. One of the two deflection rollers 20 is assigned a limiting device, which affects the roll rotation and thus the rope movement when a limit speed is exceeded. This moves a brake lever 21 which moves the rope with the cabin. This adjustment occurs because the rope does not follow a too fast cabin movement. The adjustment of the brake lever actuates a clamping device 22 It goes without saying that any other speed monitor, in particular known from the prior art, can also be used. For example, the speed monitor could also be attached to the cabin 2 and the like Detect driving speed of the cabin relative to the guide area 5 For this purpose, for example, a gearwheel of the speed monitor was positively engaged in a toothing on the carrier 9 or on the guide area 5

6, the clamping device 22 comprises a coupling device 22a and at least one clamping unit 22b, which can preferably be clamped in a U-shaped guide area 5. The coupling device 22a comprises, for example, a torque-limited pivot bearing 23 for the brake lever 21 and a transmission rod 24, which transfers the pivoting movement of the brake lever 21 after a release torque has been exceeded to a movement of a clamping element 25 in a clamping guide 26, by the clamping guide against a leg of the guide area 5 runs, it is ensured that the clamping unit 22b clamps on the guide area. The brake lever 21 is fastened to the cable 19 by means of a clamping bracket 27.

7 shows that the clamping unit 22b is also fastened to the cabin support profile. In order not to damage the centering area 5a, the clamping unit 22b preferably acts in a clamping area 5b from the inside on the protruding limbs of the guide area 5. The fastening means 28 of the coupling device 22a and the at least one clamping unit 22b, as well as a restoring element 29 of the pivot bearing 23 are shown the removal of the cover 15 accessible. Through an opening 16, the clamping unit 22b is also accessible from the interior of the cabin.

FIG. 4 shows that the maintenance of parts above the cabin ceiling is provided through a maintenance ceiling opening 30. The opening 30 can be closed with a lid 31 which can be folded down and an extendable staircase 32 is attached to the lid 31 and, in the pulled-down state, has steps only in the lower cabin area. The maintenance personnel must not and cannot climb onto the cabin ceiling. Nevertheless, inspection and maintenance of interior shaft areas is possible. For safety reasons, during maintenance or control work, operation is only possible on a maintenance switching device inside the cabin, so that the maintenance person is completely in the cabin when moving the cabin. The maintenance switching device is preferably secured or locked in such a way that it can only be used by authorized persons. As the cabin part to be maintained, only the guiding and actuating device 34 for the cabin door 35 is preferably arranged above the cabin roof. In the event of a problem with the cabin door 35, it can be opened from the outside with an emergency opening device in order to then carry out the repair from the cannon after removing a cover of the actuating device 34 or pulling down the stairs. This simple and risk-free accessibility is extremely advantageous.

Because the elevator according to the invention only requires an extremely short shaft height below the level of the lowermost station, at least one opening is required to secure maintenance personnel who carry out work in this area when the elevator is raised. adjustable support 17 is provided with a switching projection 17a. But preferably two supports 17 are used. The support 17 is actuated by means of an actuating device, possibly a hand crank, in the lowest building-side elevator door 38. In the set-up state, a release switch 37 is brought into the release position by the switching projection 17a. A safety device ensures that the lowest building-side door 38 can only be opened by maintenance personnel when the switch 37 is in the release position.

According to FIG. 11, a safety part 41 protrudes from the car 2 under the car door 35, which interacts in a locking manner with an elevator door 39 of the building-side elevator doors 39 that extends over the entire door height and protrudes toward the car, in particular one leg of an angle profile that these doors can only be opened if the cabin floor is not positioned in the area of the door opening. In the case of emergency exemptions, the cabin must now be moved into the correct or, if necessary, somewhat below the correct stopping position so that the door can be opened. This prevents access to the elevator shaft under the cabin floor from being open without the need for large aprons under the cabin floor. The absence of large aprons has the advantage that no large pit depth is required. The door opening safeguard or the stop surface 42 is not required at the lowest and possibly at the top stop.

9 and 10 show that an arrangement of the supports 9 in the corner regions of the shaft enables any arrangement of the doors. According to FIG. 9, the cabin 2 comprises cabin doors 35 on two adjoining sides. According to FIG. 10, the two cabin doors 35 are arranged on opposite cabin sides. The building-side doors 38 and 39 can now be assigned to one or the other car door 35 at each stop.

12 illustrates a self-supporting shaft construction with supports 9 running vertically in adjacent corner areas with the guide areas 5. Longitudinal supports 43 without guides are arranged on the other two corner areas of the shaft. The beams 9 and the longitudinal supports 43 are assembled by means of cross connections 44 to form a stable framework. On this scaffold are at the stops the building-side doors 38, 39 fastened with the corresponding door frame 45. The free wall areas of the scaffold can be provided with wall elements, preferably with glass plates, according to the respective requirements, so that the elevator shaft is closed. At the two shaft ends, a shaft with the chain wheels 7 for the chains 6 is rotatably supported. The drive motor is preferably mounted on the scaffold at one of the two shaft ends. This shaft construction can be set up in a building with just a few building-side measures.

An embodiment for a payload of 630kg or 8 people has a cabin width of 1.1m and a cabin depth of 1.4m. A frequency-controlled geared motor is arranged in the shaft head or in the shaft pit, which has a power of 5.5kW and requires a connection of 3x400V and 16A each. The speed will be at least 0.5m / s, at least for solutions with a few, preferably up to four, stops. With correspondingly higher drive powers, higher driving speeds can also be achieved. The building cross-section must have side lengths of at least 1.5m and 1.8m. The shaft head height above the uppermost stop level can be limited to one floor height if the cabin door drive is designed accordingly and the upper sprockets 7 are arranged deeply. The shaft pit depth is only 0.3m with the drive arranged above, a pit depth of 0.5m is sufficient with the drive arranged below. It goes without saying that, in special applications, the lower sprockets can also be arranged above the lowest stop level in order to completely dispense with a shaft pit. Embodiments are thus possible in which the elevator shaft is essentially limited to the floors served. When the drive is arranged below, it is preferably arranged in the area below the threshold, so that it is accessible from the building-side threshold. The elevator control is arranged in the bottom or top door of the building in the, possibly enlarged, frame area. Automatic telescopic sliding doors are preferably used as building-side doors and as cabin doors. It goes without saying that the disclosed features can be put together in various combinations to form embodiments according to the invention. In addition, all of the disclosed information, in particular the spatial configurations shown in the drawings, are claimed as essential to the invention, insofar as they are new to the prior art, individually or in combination.

Claims

claims

1. Elevator with a car (2) or a basket, a lifting device and a guide device, characterized in that the guide device comprises two U-shaped guide areas (5) which are open towards each other, each on opposite sides of the car (2) are, and of which at least one pair of mutually projecting legs, but preferably all four legs, have an increasing distance from a common center plane from the connecting area towards the open profile side in a centering area (5a), with the cabin (2) on both sides At least one upper or first and one lower or second guide roller (4) protrude into the U-shaped guide areas (5) and the rolling surfaces (4a) from at least one pair of guide rollers (4) facing away from one another in the centering areas (5a) Roll the inner surfaces of the protruding legs, which are inclined in the center plane, so that the cabin (2) is guided in the center.

2. Elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that the u-shaped guide areas (5) are inserted into c-shaped supports (9), preferably one leg of each of the u and c profiles being directly connected to one another and between see the other two legs with ribs (1 1) transverse to the guide direction

Passage openings (12) are fastened, for example, for suspension means and / or electrical lines.

3. Elevator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a catching device with a speed monitor (19, 20) and can be triggered by this

Clamping devices (22) are used, the clamping devices (22) being assigned to the U-shaped guide areas (5) and being clampable in each case from the inside between the legs in clamping areas (5b), preferably separated from the centering areas (5a).

Elevator according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lifting device comprises two support members which are each connected to the car (2) in a force-effective manner in the area of a guide area (5) and preferably at least partially in the U-shaped guide areas (5) run.

5. Elevator according to claim 4, characterized in that the support members are designed as endless chains (6) which extend from the upper cabin area via a chain wheel (7) at the upper and one each at the lower elevator end area to the lower cabin area and from a drive ( 8) can be driven at the upper or lower elevator end area via one of the two chain wheels (7), counterweights possibly being arranged in the endless chains (6), equally spaced from the cabin (2) in both chain directions.

6. Elevator according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cabin (2) in the region of the u-shaped guide areas (5) has coverable maintenance openings (16) through which the guide rollers (4), preferably the suspension means or the endless chains (6), possibly a slack chain monitoring and in particular the clamping devices (22) can be checked or serviced and / or exchanged.

7. Elevator according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the cabin ceiling (48) comprises a closure flap (30) with a pull-down staircase (32), the pulled-down staircase (32) having steps only in the lower cabin area, so that the Maintenance of parts above the cabin ceiling (48), in particular maintenance of the actuating device (34) for the cabin door (35), through which the open flap (30) can be carried out.

8. Elevator according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at the lower end of the elevator at least one but preferably two, in particular by means of an actuating device at the lowest building-side elevator door (38), supports (17) which can be set up and folded over are arranged, The opening of the lowest building-side elevator door (38) is controlled by a safety device which comprises a release switch (37) which is only in the release position when the support (17) is set up.

9. Elevator according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that under the car door (35) from the car (2) protrudes a security part (41) which has a stop surface which extends essentially over the entire door height (42) of the building-side elevator doors (39) interacts in a locking manner between the bottom and the top door, so that these doors (39) can only be opened if the cabin floor (47) is not positioned in the area of the door opening.

10. Elevator according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the elevator shaft is a self-supporting metal or steel structure (3) with supports (9, 43) running vertically in the corner regions, on which the elevator doors (38, 39), the lifting device and the guide device are arranged, the U-shaped guide areas (5) being in two adjacent ones

Carriers (9) are used and the building-side elevator doors (38, 39) can be arranged on any side of the cabin.