EP1081431A2 - Appareil de commande pour installations thermiques - Google Patents

Appareil de commande pour installations thermiques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1081431A2
EP1081431A2 EP00115606A EP00115606A EP1081431A2 EP 1081431 A2 EP1081431 A2 EP 1081431A2 EP 00115606 A EP00115606 A EP 00115606A EP 00115606 A EP00115606 A EP 00115606A EP 1081431 A2 EP1081431 A2 EP 1081431A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
safety
test
relay
voltage
control device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00115606A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1081431A3 (fr
EP1081431B1 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen Klattenhoff
Günter Schmitz
Joachim-Christian Politt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gestra GmbH
Original Assignee
Gestra GmbH
Gestra AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gestra GmbH, Gestra AG filed Critical Gestra GmbH
Publication of EP1081431A2 publication Critical patent/EP1081431A2/fr
Publication of EP1081431A3 publication Critical patent/EP1081431A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1081431B1 publication Critical patent/EP1081431B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H01H47/004—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits using plural redundant serial connected relay operated contacts in controlled circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/42—Applications, arrangements, or dispositions of alarm or automatic safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/42—Applications, arrangements, or dispositions of alarm or automatic safety devices
    • F22B37/46—Applications, arrangements, or dispositions of alarm or automatic safety devices responsive to low or high water level, e.g. for checking, suppressing, extinguishing combustion in boilers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control device specified in the preamble of the main claim Art.
  • level limiters are to be provided, which fall below a lower one Limit of the level switch off the heating of the boiler to ensure safety prevent dangerous overheating of the steam boiler.
  • Level sensors monitor this the level of the steam boiler below the limit. With the level sensors control units are connected, the output side has two safety relays connected in series exhibit. These safety relays are in the safety power line for heating the Steam boiler integrated. This switches as long as the lower limit is exceeded Control unit the two safety relays for continuity. The safety power line is thus closed and the heating of the steam boiler released. If the lower limit of the Level, however, the level sensor emits a correspondingly different signal to the control unit This then switches over the safety relays and thus interrupts the Safety power line. The heating of the steam boiler is then interrupted.
  • the safety devices used to meet these requirements must be fail-safe (fail-safe).
  • sensors and control units are self-monitoring to execute.
  • the mechanical part of the Sensors as well as the electrical part of the sensors and the switching devices of a test Functionality to be subjected. If a fault is found, this leads to an interruption in the safety power line and thus, for example, to switch off the Heating the steam boiler.
  • very high demands are placed on their mechanical life, for example 300,000 Operations.
  • the invention has for its object to a control device of the type mentioned create, whose safety relays are monitored for safety-relevant malfunctions.
  • the control unit checks the switching capability of the at predetermined times Safety relay. It is checked whether the safety relays have the corresponding control signals from its working position, which closes the safety power line, into the interrupting position Switch the rest position - Only if this is ensured, the safety power line in the If necessary, actually interrupted. -
  • the electrical voltage at the normally closed contact of the Checking safety relay provides information about whether the safety relay is in the rest position has taken. Non-switching, i.e. a functional error, is recognized and can be resolved. As the shunt line of the safety relay to be checked during the test is closed, the safety power line remains during this time closed. The operation of the system is therefore not interrupted by the test.
  • the safety relays switched and thereby take their rest position. Because of the characteristics of claim 2 then exists between their normally closed contacts and the safety power line no electrically conductive connection. A reliable break in the safety power line is guaranteed with no special requirements for the means which monitors the voltages at the normally closed contacts of the safety relays during the check become.
  • the design of the shunt lines according to claim 3 ensures that only one of the two shunt lines can be closed. The other is interrupted. Just together with a closed safety relay, the shunt lines can Close safety power line. If both safety relays are in the rest position, then that is Safety power line reliably interrupted. The position of the test switching elements is included irrelevant. Error in the control of the test switching elements, e.g. B. due to a defect in The control unit cannot impair the interruption.
  • Claim 4 offers the advantage of the same for the safety relays and the test switching elements Use components and thereby reduce the variety of parts. It can be structural simple, commercially available relays are used. Special relays, for example with additional ones positively driven safety contacts are not required.
  • Claim 6 has the test of the interruption of the shunt line after the Testing the safety relays on the subject. The failure safety of the control unit is thereby increased.
  • the electrical voltage of the safety power line and the electrical voltage of the Control unit - at least in its functional area, the control and testing functions carried out - usually differ significantly from each other (example: Safety power line 230 V, control unit 5V).
  • Safety power line 230 V, control unit 5V example: Safety power line 230 V, control unit 5V.
  • the claim 12 has a test of the electrical control of the safety relay Object. It is checked whether the drives of the safety relays are switched off can. This is done without switching the safety relays and the safety power line must be interrupted. A very short-term exam like the one Execution according to claim 13 enables is of great advantage.
  • control and test functions of the control device can be particularly advantageous realize according to claim 14.
  • An electronic control device 1 for a steam boiler 2 has a control device in FIG. 1 3 and a relay circuit 4.
  • the steam boiler 2 is equipped with a level sensor 5 and a burner 6 equipped for heating.
  • the burner 6 is connected to an electrical safety power line 7 connected, in which the relay circuit 4 is integrated.
  • the level sensor 5 sends its level signal to the control device 3. It has a microprocessor 8 for tax and audit actions to be carried out.
  • the relay circuit 4 has two safety relays connected in series in the safety current line 7 9, 10 on (Fig. 2).
  • a first shunt line 11 is the one safety relay 9 and a second shunt line 12 is connected in parallel with the other safety relay 10.
  • Both shunt lines 11, 12 have common line parts 13, 14, in which two test relays 15, 16 are connected in series.
  • Both the two safety relays 9, 10 and the two test relays 15, 16 are so-called Changer designed with two switching positions, a rest position and a working position.
  • Each relay 9, 10, 15, 16 has a normally closed contact 17, a normally open contact 18, one Root contact 19, a switching element 20 and an electromechanical drive 21 (FIG. 3).
  • the safety current line 7 is connected to the normally open contacts 18 of the two safety relays 9, 10 connected.
  • the root contacts 19 of both safety relays 9, 10 are via a connecting line 22 connected together.
  • a voltage sensor 23, 24 is connected, which detects the electrical there Voltage signaled to the control device 3.
  • the root contact 19 of the one test relay 15 is electrically connected via the one line part 13 the connecting line 22 of both safety relays 9, 10 connected.
  • a voltage sensor 25 is connected, which prevails there electrical voltage signals to the control device 3.
  • the working contact 18 this Test relay 15 is electrically connected to the root contact 19 of the other line part 14 other test relay 16 in connection.
  • At the line part 14 is also a with the control device 3 connected voltage sensor 26 connected.
  • the normally closed contact 17 of the Another test relay 16 is connected to the safety current line via the first shunt line 11 7 connected, before the first safety relay 9.
  • the normally open contact 18 of the other Test relay 16 is behind second safety relay 10 via second shunt line 12 connected to the safety power line 7.
  • the relay circuit 4 finally for the drives 21 of the safety relays 9, 10 and Test relays 15, 16 each have a switching amplifier 27, 28, 29, 30 (FIG. 2) with a series resistor 31 and a transistor 32 on (Fig. 3).
  • a control voltage for. B. 5 Volts, from a suitable voltage source 33.
  • the transistor 32 is operated by the control device 3 controlled. It represents according to that received by the control device 3 Switching signal either an electrical connection between the affected drive 21 and a basic potential 34 or he interrupts them.
  • a long enough break takes the switching element 20 to the rest position in which it is the root contact 19 and Normally open contact 17 connects to one another in an electrically conductive manner.
  • Base potential 34 current flows through the drive 21, and it switches the switching element 20 in the Working position. Then the root contact 19 and the working contact 18 are electrically conductive connected with each other.
  • the fill level 35 of the liquid 36 in the steam boiler 2 must be monitored to determine whether it falls below a defined lower limit 37. If the fill level 35 is above the limit value 37, the control device 3 receives the fill level signal from the fill level sensor 5 Filling level sufficient ". Due to appropriate control by the control device 3, both safety relays 9, 10 are switched into their working position. The safety current line 7 is thereby closed. The burner 6 can heat the steam boiler 2 if energy is required.
  • the fill level sensor 5 gives the fill level signal Lack of liquid "to the control device 3. It in turn controls via the switching amplifiers 27, 28 and the drives 21 of the safety relays 9, 10 in such a way that they become currentless. Both safety relays 9, 10 then take their rest position. Both of them simultaneously interrupt the safety current line 7 This reliably prevents heating of the steam boiler 2, which could lead to a dangerous operating state if the lower limit value 37 is undershot, ie if there is a lack of liquid.
  • the control device 3 can give a suitable fill level signal.
  • test relay 15 is in its rest position.
  • the two shunt lines 11, 12 are interrupted. No electricity can flow through them.
  • the control unit 1 periodically carries out functional tests of the safety relays 9, 10 in order to ensure that if there is a lack of liquid in the steam boiler 2, the safety power line 7 really interrupted. They are two different exams by the Microprocessor 8 of the control device 3 can be controlled. They are then carried out if the fill level 35 is above the limit value 37. If the limit is undershot 37 the tests are suspended.
  • One test relates to the electrical control of the drives 21 of both safety relays 9, 10. It is determined whether the drives 21 can be switched off. For this, the Transistors 32 of the switching amplifiers 27, 28 from the control device 3 a corresponding one Control signal. The transistors 32 then interrupt the electrical connection of the Drives 21 to the basic potential 34 (Fig. 3). The switch amplifiers 27, 28 on the drives 21 of the safety relays 9, 10 prevailing electrical voltages monitored by the control device 3. Was the interruption to basic potential 34 without errors, the monitored voltages rise to the value of the voltage source 33. Kick on the other hand, in the control of the drives 21 of one or both safety relays 9, 10 Error and the interruption does not occur, the respective monitored voltage is on the Basic potential 34. If the expected voltage rise does not occur during the test, gives the control unit 1 a corresponding error signal.
  • Both safety relays 9, 10 have a predetermined response time. According to her mechanical switching inertia elapses a certain, minimal period after the drive 21 has become de-energized before the affected safety relay 9, 10 is in the rest position would switch. In contrast, the processes in electrical control are essential faster, the response and action time there is only a fraction of the response time Safety relay 9, 10. The switching of transistor 32 and the subsequent voltage rise on the drive 21 occurs in a fraction of the response time of the safety relays 9, 10. The required test result is already available in the control device 3 before the tested one Safety relay 9, 10 switches. The drive 21 of the safety relay 9, 10 then receives immediately from the control device 3 via the switching amplifier 27, 28 again the signal that To occupy a working position. The entire test takes only a fraction of the response time of the safety relays 9, 10 to be tested. They therefore remain during the Check their electrical control in the working position. The safety circuit 7 will not interrupted during this test.
  • the second test concerns the mechanical switching capability of the safety relays 9, 10, namely whether they can switch from the working position to the rest position.
  • the check is only made when an electrical voltage is present on the safety power line 7. This is from the Control device 3 checked via the voltage sensor 26.
  • the two safety relays 9, 10 are checked individually.
  • the shunt line parallel to it is first used 11, 13, 14 closed.
  • the test relays 15, 16 are controlled by the control device 3 controlled via the switching amplifiers 29, 30 so that the test relay 16 is in the rest position occupies and the test relay 15 switches to the working position.
  • the shunt line 11, 13, 14 is then consistently below that prevailing in the safety current line 7 electrical voltage.
  • the voltage sensor 26 signals the control device 3 pending voltage.
  • the test relay 15 After the test relay 15 has been switched over, it is at its normally closed contact 17 the electrical voltage does not turn on, which from the voltage sensor 25 of the control device 3 is signaled. If this condition is met by the test relay 15, the control device controls 3 the switching amplifier 28 of the safety relay 9 so that its drive 21 is de-energized.
  • the safety relay 9 then switches to its rest position and interrupts there the safety power line 7. The is then at the normally closed contact of the safety relay 9 Voltage of the safety power line 4 on what the control device 3 via the voltage sensor 24 is signaled. The switching capability of the safety relay 9 is thus verified.
  • the control device 3 then switches via the switching amplifier 28 and the Drive 21 the safety relay 9 in the working position.
  • signals the voltage sensor 24 of the control device 3 detects a voltage drop at the normally closed contact 17.
  • the signal for switching to is then sent to the switching amplifier 29 of the test relay 15 Resting position. In the rest position, line part 13 is at the normally closed contact 17 of the test relay 15 again the voltage of the safety power line 7.
  • the control device 3 thus receives the signal that the shunt line 11, 13, 14 again is interrupted.
  • the test of safety relay 9 has been successfully completed.
  • the other shunt line 12, 13, 14 closed To test the other safety relay 10, the other shunt line 12, 13, 14 closed.
  • the test relay 16 is for this purpose from the control device 3 via the switching amplifier 30 and the drive 21 switched to its working position.
  • the test relay 15 is switched to its working position. With the help of the voltage sensor 25 this is from the control device 3 monitors. Analogous to testing the safety relay 9 afterwards the safety relay 10 from the control device 3 via the switching amplifier 27 the signal, to switch to the rest position. After the switchover is at the normally closed contact 17 of the Safety relay 10 on the voltage of the safety power line 7.
  • the control device 3 receives a corresponding signal from the voltage sensor 23, whereby the switching capability is proven.
  • safety relays 9, 10 interrupt safety current line 7 when testing, however, this still remains via the respective parallel shunt line 11, 13, 14 or 12, 13, 14 closed. The function of the burner 6 is therefore not disturbed by the test.
  • test relay 15 would be at its normally closed contact 17 continues to the voltage of the safety power line 7.
  • the control device 3 would determine this as a fault via the voltage sensor 25. You would continue testing cancel and give a corresponding error signal. An error signal would also be given if at the end of the test the test relay 15 despite the corresponding switch command from the control device 3 would not switch to the rest position, that is to say at its break contact 17 the voltage of the safety power line 7 would not be present again.
  • a switching defect of the test relay 16 would have no undetected malfunction of the control unit 1 Episode. Such an error would not make the safety relay to be tested parallel Shunt line, but the other closed. In this case, when switching an interruption of the safety power line of the relay to be tested in its rest position 7 occur. This would disrupt the operation of the steam boiler 2. But it could't dangerous operating condition.
  • the control unit would also be in such a case Defect fail-safe.
  • the switching capability of the test relay 16 can be check. In the rest position stands on the voltage sensor connected to the line part 14 26 the voltage of the safety power line 7 before the safety relay 9 while it is missing in the working position of the test relay 16.
  • the test relay 15 outside the the above tests switched to his working position and thus one of the two Shunt lines 11, 13, 14 or 12, 13, 14 would be closed, there would be no safety risk. If the limit value 37 is undershot, the fill level sensor 5 outputs a corresponding one Level signal to the control device 3, which then switches both Safety relay 9, 10 caused in the rest position. This will make the safety power line 7 reliably interrupted. The closed shunt line 11, 13, 14 or 12, 13, 14 does not change anything.
  • control unit 1 specifically in connection with the monitoring the lower limit of the level of a steam boiler, this can Control device 1 but also for the monitoring of the other introductory in the description mentioned physical operating parameters of steam boilers and other thermal engineering Systems are used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Safety Devices In Control Systems (AREA)
  • Control Of Temperature (AREA)
  • Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Bipolar Transistors (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)
EP00115606A 1999-08-28 2000-07-20 Appareil de commande pour installations thermiques Expired - Lifetime EP1081431B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19941022A DE19941022A1 (de) 1999-08-28 1999-08-28 Steuergerät für wärmetechnische Anlagen
DE19941022 1999-08-28

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1081431A2 true EP1081431A2 (fr) 2001-03-07
EP1081431A3 EP1081431A3 (fr) 2003-01-15
EP1081431B1 EP1081431B1 (fr) 2008-09-03

Family

ID=7920025

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00115606A Expired - Lifetime EP1081431B1 (fr) 1999-08-28 2000-07-20 Appareil de commande pour installations thermiques

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6507468B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1081431B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE407329T1 (fr)
BR (1) BR0003849A (fr)
CZ (1) CZ298673B6 (fr)
DE (2) DE19941022A1 (fr)
HU (1) HU226341B1 (fr)
NO (1) NO334583B1 (fr)
PL (1) PL195007B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6742913B2 (en) * 2001-01-09 2004-06-01 Daniel J. Deutsch Motion activated decorative light
DE10127233C1 (de) * 2001-05-22 2002-11-28 Pilz Gmbh & Co Sicherheitsschaltmodul und Verfahren zur Prüfung des Abschaltvermögens eines Schaltelements in einem Sicherheitsschaltmodul
JP5319400B2 (ja) * 2009-05-28 2013-10-16 アズビル株式会社 リレー異常検出装置
DE102016101648A1 (de) 2016-01-29 2017-08-03 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Verfahren zum Regeln einer Heizvorrichtung zum Erwärmen eines Fluids für einen Dialysierflüssigkeitskreislauf, Steuervorrichtung sowie Blutbehandlungsvorrichtung
CN106452111B (zh) * 2016-11-25 2020-06-02 山西全安新技术开发有限公司 一种本安电源的供电方法及本安电源系统

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2849990A (en) * 1954-12-20 1958-09-02 Railway Steam Res Corp Electrical safety device for steam boilers
FR1229825A (fr) * 1959-03-14 1960-09-09 Dampferzeuger Veb Dispositif pour le contrôle et la régulation du niveau d'un liquide, notamment pour réservoirs de chaudière à vapeur, avec un montage électronique
GB1084518A (en) * 1963-05-09 1967-09-27 Edwin Danks & Company Oldbury Improvements relating to steam boilers
US5739504A (en) * 1995-07-28 1998-04-14 C. Cowles & Company Control system for boiler and associated burner

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3910118A (en) 1972-02-02 1975-10-07 Gerdts Gustav F Kg Probe for controlling the level of electrically conductive liquids
US3863110A (en) * 1972-04-21 1975-01-28 Owens Illinois Inc Apparatus and method for controlling a centrifugal compressor
US4054935A (en) * 1976-05-28 1977-10-18 Leon Ginsberg Safety control circuit
JPS5332428A (en) * 1976-09-08 1978-03-27 Hitachi Ltd Safety check circuit of combustion controlling apparatus
DE3709059A1 (de) * 1987-03-19 1988-09-29 Teves Gmbh Alfred Sicherheitsrelaisschaltung zum einschalten elektrischer kraftfahrzeugaggregate
US5287085A (en) * 1992-08-26 1994-02-15 At-A-Glance, Inc. Automatic test and connect electrical power system for anti-lock and conventional brake equipped trailers
DE9310446U1 (de) * 1993-03-08 1994-07-14 Landis & Gyr Business Support Ag, Zug Schaltungsanordnung zum Prüfen von Schalter- bzw. Relaiskontakten
CH688842A5 (de) * 1994-03-14 1998-04-15 Landis & Gyr Tech Innovat Einrichtung zur Ansteuerung des Motors des Gebläses eines Gebläsebrenners.

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2849990A (en) * 1954-12-20 1958-09-02 Railway Steam Res Corp Electrical safety device for steam boilers
FR1229825A (fr) * 1959-03-14 1960-09-09 Dampferzeuger Veb Dispositif pour le contrôle et la régulation du niveau d'un liquide, notamment pour réservoirs de chaudière à vapeur, avec un montage électronique
GB1084518A (en) * 1963-05-09 1967-09-27 Edwin Danks & Company Oldbury Improvements relating to steam boilers
US5739504A (en) * 1995-07-28 1998-04-14 C. Cowles & Company Control system for boiler and associated burner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO334583B1 (no) 2014-04-14
HUP0002871A3 (en) 2005-01-28
EP1081431A3 (fr) 2003-01-15
PL195007B1 (pl) 2007-07-31
US6507468B1 (en) 2003-01-14
CZ298673B6 (cs) 2007-12-19
DE19941022A1 (de) 2001-03-01
EP1081431B1 (fr) 2008-09-03
NO20004267L (no) 2001-03-01
DE50015338D1 (de) 2008-10-16
PL342181A1 (en) 2001-03-12
CZ20003128A3 (cs) 2001-04-11
HU226341B1 (en) 2008-09-29
HU0002871D0 (en) 2000-09-28
NO20004267D0 (no) 2000-08-25
ATE407329T1 (de) 2008-09-15
HUP0002871A2 (hu) 2001-09-28
BR0003849A (pt) 2001-04-03

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