EP1080844A2 - Pliers - Google Patents

Abstract

The first work jaw (1) is coupled to first tong handle (2), while a swivelable fitted second work jaw (3), forming with the first one the jaw gap. A second tong handle (4) is swivelable mounted on rear end section (23) of the second jaw. A sprung coupler (7) has its one end on second handle and the other end on the first handle. A swivel axis (30) is secured on the second work jaw, while an elongated hole (33) for retention of the axis is located on the first work jaw. A tensile spring (5,6) has one end secured at the swivel axis, while its other end is secured on the jaw with the elongated hole.

Description

The invention relates to pliers according to the preamble of the protection claim 1.

Such pliers are already known from WO 95/23048. This well-known Tongs contain a first work jaw and one with it firmly connected first pliers handle, one by means of a pivot axis pivotable on the first work jaw, the second work jaw, which forms a jaw with the first work jaw, a second Handle that can be swiveled towards one end of the pliers Section of the second work jaw is mounted, and a resilient connecting link, one end of which on the second pliers handle just behind the second work jaw is attached and the other end at the first Plier handle is attached.

With these pliers, the connecting link serves to improve the elasticity the pliers.

Another pliers of the type mentioned is known from DE 31 09 289 C2. Here, a spring member is arranged in a power transmission path so that the pliers give a gentle, soft feel. The spring link can have, for example, V-shaped steel spring arms and between one Swivel axis of one of the work jaws and the other work jaw lie, which has an elongated hole for receiving the pivot axis.

The invention has for its object a pair of pliers of the aforementioned Art in such a way that with it better work results let achieve. In particular, it should be possible to better self-adjustment the force curve in the forceps jaw depending on the closing movement to enable the work jaws, also with regard to objects of different sizes and to be processed in the pliers mouth.

The solution to the problem is that the pivot axis one of the work jaws is attached and the other work jaw there is an elongated hole for receiving the swivel axis, its longitudinal direction in the plane of the pliers and at least approximately perpendicular to the Pliers longitudinal direction, and that a tension spring with one end the pivot axis and with its other end on the one having the elongated hole Work jaws is attached.

Through the combination of tension spring and springy connecting link According to the invention, it is possible to depend on the force curve in the forceps jaw the closing movement of the work jaws very fine to the desired one Adapt conditions, even in the event that different large objects in the jaws are to be processed, so that therefore have better work results. This is especially true if the pliers are crimping pliers with the for example ferrules or other contact elements on cable ends should be pressed on. The force curve in the jaws in Dependency of the closing movement of the work jaws is set by that the respective spring characteristics of tension spring and connecting link can be combined with each other.

It can be used to generate a desired force curve in the jaws the tension spring and the connecting member be designed so that over a closing path of the work jaws limited by the length of the elongated hole the required jaw force through the tension spring and the connecting link is applied and an adjoining Closing path of the work jaws is provided solely by the connecting link becomes.

Such a configuration is possible if the otherwise accurate Adjustment of the mouth force of the tension spring used if the tension is too large Mouth forces or too long closing paths of the work jaws are overstretched would be. In this case the tension spring is switched off and the required one Mouth force is via a further closing path of the work jaws then only applied by the connecting link. This leaves generation even over relatively large closing paths of the work jaws ensure a desired force curve in the jaws.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the spring characteristics of Tension spring and connecting member to be adapted to each other so that when reached the closing path of the work jaws limited by the length of the elongated hole and further closing movement as jump-free as possible Force curve is achieved in the jaws.

This allows a more uniform deformation process in the jaws perform and thus get an even better work result. This measure enables a particularly favorable ergonomic Handle the pliers.

In an embodiment of the invention, the connecting link can be designed in this way be that after a predetermined forceps limit force is exceeded gives way strongly. Damage, in particular, is thereby greater in the jaws of the parts to be machined when closing the Plier handles are avoided, and the possibility is created, one usually pawl cooperating with the pliers out of engagement with a row of teeth to be able to open the jaws.

In yet another embodiment of the invention, the pivot axis is preferred attached to the second work jaw, the elongated hole in first working jaws. This allows the tension spring on the first and immovable work jaws so that they are in operation Pliers is not pivoted and therefore your characteristic curve is not distorted.

The tension spring itself can have any suitable shape, preferably but also, for example, as a V-shaped, U-shaped or Ω-shaped leaf spring be trained. The desired characteristic can be obtained with springs of this type in a particularly simple manner by choosing the appropriate dimensions or set material thicknesses.

A flat plate-like spring plate can preferably be used as the connecting member are used or a package of such spring plates, with these sheets, the spring characteristic curve by appropriate Have the material dimensions and thickness easily specified.

Figur 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Zange ohne Griffschalen;

Figur 2 eine Explosionsdarstellung der Zange nach Figur 1;

Figur 3 eine Seitenansicht der Zange nach Figur 1 in geöffnetem Zustand bei abgenommenen Seitenblechen, jedoch mit eingesetzter Ω-Feder;

Figur 4 eine Seitenansicht der Zange nach Figur 1 In geschlossenem Zustand bei abgenommenen Seitenblechen, jedoch mit eingesetzter Ω-Feder; und

Figur 5 eine perspektivische Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Zange mit Griffschalen.

An embodiment of the invention is explained in detail below with reference to the drawing. Show it:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the pliers according to the invention without handles;

Figure 2 is an exploded view of the pliers of Figure 1;

3 shows a side view of the pliers according to FIG. 1 in the open state with the side plates removed, but with the Ω spring inserted;

FIG. 4 shows a side view of the pliers according to FIG. 1 in the closed state with the side plates removed, but with the Ω spring inserted; and

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the pliers according to the invention with grips.

According to FIG. 1, pliers according to the invention contain the following Assemblies: a first work jaw 1, a first plier handle 2, one second working jaws 3, a second plier handle 4, V-shaped Spring plates 5 and 6 and a resilient connecting link 7 to Example a compression spring.

The first work jaw 1 and the first pliers handle 2 are in one piece with one another connected and consist of a total of two parallel to each other lying sheets 8 and 9 over a plurality of spacers 10, 11 and 12 are kept at a distance from each other. The spacers 10, 11 and 12 each have a through opening through which a bolt 13, 14 and 15 passes through, which holds the sheets 8 and 9 together.

In the front area, the first work jaw 1 points towards second working jaw 3 facing recess to form a pliers mouth 16 together with a corresponding recess in the second Work jaws 3 on.

The second plier handle 4 is constructed in the same way as the first plier handle 2. It also consists of two parallel sheets 17 and 18, which over Spacers 19 and 20 are kept at a distance from each other. This Spacers 19 and 20 are also hollow and take bolts 21 and 22 on, which hold the sheets 17 and 18 together. The corresponds to Distance between the sheets 17 and 18, the distance between the sheets 8 and 9.

The sheets are in their front area facing the jaws 16 17 and 18 expanded in their level. You take a back section there 23 of the second work jaw 3 between them. This rear one Section 23 of the second work jaw 3 is pivotable on the front Area of the second pliers handle 4 stored and rotatable for this purpose arranged about an axis 24, which are held by the sheets 17 and 18 is and an opening 46 in the rear portion 23 passes through.

As will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 2, include for the second working jaw 3 two side jaw plates 25 and 26, which attach to a central node element 27 of the second work jaw 3 nestle sideways and held at a distance from each other are also the distance between the sheets 17, 18 and 8, 9 from each other corresponds. For holding the jaw plates 25 and 26 together with the central node element 27 serve screws 28 and bolts 29, that enforce these elements. The second is via a pivot axis 30 Working jaws 3, as explained with reference to FIG. 2 will be rotatably mounted on the first work jaw 1. On both outer and the second working jaws 3 projecting ends the pivot axis 30 sits one end of the V-shaped spring plates 5 and 6, the other end of each via a bolt 31 on the upper area of the upper work jaw 1 is attached, that is above the swivel axis 30. The swivel axis 30 fits in one Recess 32 of the second work jaw 3 and is on the other hand in Elongated holes 33, each in the sheets 8 and 9 of the first work jaw 1 are located, the longitudinal direction of the elongated holes 33 at least is approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the pliers.

The resilient connecting member 7 consists of two parallel to each other Spring plates 34 and 35 and is at its lower end in the front Area of the second plier handle 4 articulated, which is why it is about an axis 36 is pivotable, which passes through the connecting member 7 and by the Sheets 17 and 18 is held. The axis 36 is opposite the axis 24 moved to the rear end of the pliers. The other end of the bouncy Link 7 is on an eccentrically mounted axis 37 pivoted and mounted on it on the first handle 2. The is eccentric mounted axis 37 opposite axis 36 to the rear end the pliers moved. Serve for the eccentric mounting of the axis 37 stub axles 38 on both sides, which are rotatably supported in the plates 8 and 9 are. An adjusting disk 39 is seated on one of these stub axles 38 marginal recesses, which are used to lock the angular position of the Serve washer 39 by means of a screw 40. By setting the Adjustment disk 39 can via the eccentric mounting of the connecting link 7 changed its length and thus the position of the work jaws 1 and 3 can be adjusted to each other.

FIG. 2 shows the more precise structure of the pliers according to FIG. 1. Same Elements are again provided with the same reference numerals not described again.

In the upper part of FIG. 2, the elongated holes 33 can first be clearly seen, whose longitudinal direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the pliers. The bolts 31 are located at a distance above the elongated holes 33 on the outside of the sheets 8 and 9, which hold one end the V-shaped spring plates 5 and 6 serve. The other end of each Spring plates 5 and 6 are curved and take the one in Figure 1 shown pivot axis 30 on.

The middle area of FIG. 2 shows the more precise structure of the lower one Work jaw 3. The central node element 27 consists in the present Case from a middle plate 41, which consists for example of plastic, as well as two outer ones lying on both sides of the middle plate 41 Plates 42 and 43, which are made of approximately steel. All plates 41, 42 and 43 form an approximately U-shaped component, the free leg point to the rear end of the pliers. On this component are in the area the base and the lower leg, the two jaw plates 25 and 26 attached laterally, the plates held together by the screw 28 become. The bolts 29 serve as anti-rotation are held over circlips. The jaw plates 25 and 26 protrude from the bottom of the U-shaped component and form together with the front sections of the sheets 8 and 9 the jaws 16. In the rear area of the jaws 16 are both the jaw plates 25 and 26 as well as the sheets 8 and 9 beveled so that their opposite Remove edges towards the rear end of the pliers. Supported by the jaw plates 25, 26 or the plates 8 and 9 Machining elements in the jaws 16 can therefore accordingly tilt the closed position of the tongs around the respective tilt axes, passed through openings 44 and 45 of the work jaws 1 and 3 are and hold the processing elements in the jaws 16.

The U-shaped component shown in the central area of FIG the through opening 32 in its remaining area of the base, which is used to accommodate the pivot axis 30. This pivot axis 30, as already mentioned, is received by the elongated holes 33, so that in this way the second work jaw 3 on the first work jaw 1 is pivotally mounted. The free end of the lower leg of the U-shaped component in the central region of FIG. 2 forms the aforementioned one rear section 23 of the second work jaw 3 and is there provided with a through hole 46 through which the axis 24 passes, in this way the second handle 4 on the second work jaw 3 can be pivoted.

The upper leg of the U-shaped component 27 in FIG. 2 has on it Inside a toothing 47, which is coaxial to the through hole 46 lies. A pawl 48 engages in the toothing 47, which is shown in the figures 3 and 4 can be seen. This pawl 48 can also be a pair of pawls be, of which one each in a toothing 47 on one the plates 42, 43 engages. It ensures that the pliers only then can be opened again after the pliers handles their Have reached the closed position. The pawl 48 is in the front area of the lower pliers handle 4 pivotally mounted about an axis 49 which in lower part of Figure 2 can be seen. The axis 49 is concentric on a path movable to axis 24. Therefore, the length of the pawl is 48 greater than the distance between axis 49 and toothing 47. Semicircular Openings 50 serve coaxially to the axis 49 in the sheets 17 and 18 to manually operate the pawl 48 to disengage it to bring with the toothing 47. In the front area of the second grip 4 in Figure 2 are through openings 51 and 52 in the Sheets 17 and 18 can be seen to accommodate the axes 24 and 36 in Figure 1 serve.

On the outside of the upper leg of the central node element 27 in Figure 2 are hook-shaped lugs 53 at the rear end of the plates 42 and 43 can be seen. These approaches 53, which can also be supplemented in order to obtain through openings serve to accommodate one Axis on which one end of a tension spring shown in Figures 3 and 4 is attached, which carries the reference numeral 54. The other end of this Tension spring 54 is in the upper region of the first work jaw 1 Axis 55 attached. The tension spring 54 is used when the closed position is reached the pliers handles 2, 4 automatically open the pliers again. The The closed position of the pliers handles is reached when the pawl 48 is out Engagement with the teeth 47 comes. The upper stops 56 am second handle element 4 then hit later against the lower edges of the first grip element 2.

With regard to Figures 3 and 4, it should also be mentioned that the pawl 48 can rotate about the axis 49 and by means of a spring 57, which is in the lower Area of the link 7 is fixed, held in a zero position which is actually only achieved when the pawl 48th is out of engagement with the toothing 47. The pawl 48 is engaged with the toothing 47, it can, for example, when the jaws close Give in 16 and not in the opposite direction. To the pawl 48 out of engagement with the toothing 47 in an intermediate position to bring the pliers handles 2, 4, one connected to the pawl Approach 58 can be operated manually through the elongated holes 50. The pawl 48 itself is practically inside the central node element 27, so that for this ratchet mechanism from toothing 47 and pawl 48 no additional space required within the pliers becomes. The pliers can therefore be dismantled relatively compactly.

The operation of the pliers is described below with reference to the Figures 3 and 4 are explained in more detail.

Figure 3 shows the pliers in the fully open state. Here are both the spring plates 5 and 6 relieves as well as the connecting link 7.

The pliers handles 2 and 4 or sheets 9 and 18 in Figure 3 on top of each other to moves, the force in the jaws 16 is both by the spring plates 5 and 6 as well as determined by the connecting member 7. The Characteristic curves of all springs add up and lead to a predetermined one Force curve in the jaws 16 as a function of the closing movement the work jaws 1 and 3. The force curve in the jaws is here in the essentially defined by the spring plates 5 and 6, with increasing Closing movement of the pliers handles the pivot axis 30 downwards in Figure 3 or is moved away from the first work jaw 1.

There is a relatively small object to be processed in the pliers mouth 16 or between tool elements arranged there and consequently only a relatively short working path of the working jaws 1 and 3 is required, For this short way of working, the force curve in the forceps jaw can essentially generated by the V-shaped spring plates 5 and 6 with only relatively little support from the link 7 takes place. The commute then starts after the tool elements came into contact with the object to be processed are. These spring plates can only be used along the length of the slot 33 bend, since only in this case it is guaranteed that the desired Actually deliver the force curve. A bending of the spring plates 5 and 6 furthermore would falsify the force curve lead, because then their elastic properties in an undefined way to change.

In contrast, objects to be processed in the pliers mouth are relative to deform the long commute over which the V-shaped spring plates 5, 6 can no longer deliver the desired force curve, so over the first part of the path according to the length of the slot Force course in the jaws 16 essentially through the V-shaped spring plates determined, being influenced by the connecting member 7, while after passing through the permissible for the V-shaped spring plates 5 and 6 Path of force in the jaws for the further path in the essentially only by the spring properties of the connecting link 7 is determined. In this way it is ensured that the Total path over which the element to be processed is processed in the jaw 16 or must be pressed, the desired course of force actually is made available.

Figure 4 shows the pliers in the fully closed state. Here are all spring elements 5, 6, 7 still loaded and the pawl 48 except Engagement with the toothing 47 so that the pliers can be opened again, if there is a processed object (not shown) in the jaw 16 located.

Should the case occur that the pliers handles 2, 4 are not yet closed are, even after the work jaws 1, 3 pass through a closing path have the closing path provided via the V-shaped spring plates goes out, the connector 7 ensures due to its chosen Spring characteristic curve for the fact that when a specified jaw force is exceeded because of the then compliant behavior of the link 7, the pliers handles are still closed can, so that the pliers can then be opened again.

FIG. 5 again shows the pliers according to the invention in perspective View, now supplemented with arranged on the sheets 8, 9 and 17, 18 Handle scales 59 and 60.

The pliers according to the invention can be present as an individual tool or as an integrated part of a machine tool. in case of a Individual tools can, according to one embodiment of the invention, the pliers handles 2, 4 be designed so that the pliers over their pliers handles can also be connected to a machine for the pliers drive. Hence result there are several possible uses for the pliers. You can thereby operate manually or machine-controlled to periodically Carry out recurring work over a longer period to be able to. On the other hand, the pliers can also be used in total or in Share permanent part of a machine tool for driving the Be pliers. At least the pliers handles of the pliers can be parts of these Machine tool. In this case, the pliers handles could be used the remaining parts of the pliers can be coupled, which makes the pliers handles each with different remaining pliers parts of the previously described Let kind of join. You could be different Take the dimensions of the goods to be processed into account.

For example, in FIG. 4 there is a machine connected to the pliers handles 2, 4 M shown with dashed lines. Through the machine M. practically simulates the movement of the pliers handles 2, 4 to drive the pliers.

Claims (10)

Pliers with a first working jaw (1) and a first plier handle (2) firmly connected to this; a second work jaw (3) which is pivotably mounted by means of a pivot axis (30) and which forms a pair of pliers with the first work jaw (1); a second gripper handle (4) which is pivotally mounted on a section (23) of the second work jaw (3) pointing towards the rear gripper end; and a resilient connecting member (7), one end of which is attached to the second gripper handle (4) just behind the second work jaw (3) and the other end of which is attached to the first gripper handle (2); characterized in that the pivot axis (30) is attached to one of the work jaws (3) and there is an elongated hole (33) in the other work jaw (1) for receiving the pivot axis (30), the longitudinal direction of which extends in the plane of the pliers and at least approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the pliers;
and that a tension spring (5, 6) is attached at one end to the swivel axis (30) and at the other end to the work jaws (1) having the elongated hole (33). Pliers according to claim 1, characterized in that the tension spring (5, 6) and the connecting member (7) are designed to generate a desired force profile in the pliers jaw (16) in such a way that the closing path limited by the length of the elongated hole (33) Working jaws (1, 3) the required jaw force is applied by the tension spring (5, 6) and the connecting member (7), and is provided by the connecting member (7) via a subsequent closing path of the working jaws (1, 3) alone. Pliers according to claim 2, characterized in that the spring characteristics of the tension spring (5, 6) and connecting member (7) are matched to one another such that when the closing path of the working jaws (1, 3) and further closing movement, a force curve that is as jump-free as possible is achieved in the jaws (16). Pliers according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the connecting member (7) is designed in such a way that it gives way strongly after a predetermined force of the forceps jaw is exceeded. Pliers according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the pivot axis (30) is fastened to the second work jaw (3) and the elongated hole (33) is in the first work jaw (1). Pliers according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the tension spring (5, 6) is designed as a V-shaped, U-shaped or Ω-shaped leaf spring. Pliers according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the connecting member (7) has at least one flat plate-like spring plate (34, 35). Pliers according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least their pliers handles (2, 4) are parts of a machine (M) for driving the pliers. Pliers according to claim 8, characterized in that the pliers handles (2, 4) can be coupled to the remaining parts of the pliers. Pliers according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the pliers handles (2, 4) are designed such that they can be connected to a machine (M) for driving the pliers.

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