Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
  • C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent

Definitions

• the invention relates to the use of a Cu-Sn-Fe alloy for mechanical stressed components of machine or vehicle construction.
• the Cu-Sn-Fe alloy consists of Sn 12 - 20 wt .-%, Fe 0.2 - 5.0 wt .-%, balance Cu and the usual Impurities.
• the alloy is cooled down sufficiently quickly from the molten state at room temperature in one Get structural state that the preform available for the semi-finished product (Cast strip, cast block, cast bolt) is technically free of coarse, brittle phases and therefore in a special way for the production of semi-finished products Bands, profiles, wires, hollow profiles or pipes - suitable for kneading.
• This Semi-finished products are ideal for the production of various mechanical Functional parts of precision engineering, vehicle or general mechanical engineering. Because of their chemical composition and manufacturing method draws the above Alloy high mechanical strength or high wear resistance with excellent ductility. She also has one good corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity.
• CuSn materials are because of their high mechanical strength, their large Resistance to sliding stress or wear and their corrosion resistance for various mechanical components of the general Mechanical engineering used.
• CuSn wrought alloys with typically 8% by weight Sn are very easy to form and are therefore also suitable for the production of complex ones Functional parts.
• Sn contents are above 10% by weight.
• the cast bronze has the required strength, but it is also bad malleable.
• these phases can also be followed by a thermal aftertreatment cannot be removed without pores or imperfections in the material remain, which in turn affect the deformation.
• the material is said to have the chemical and mechanical properties of the cast bronze combine with the processing properties of the kneading materials, which is why the adjustment of the cold deformability and at the same time securing a high mechanical strength and hardness is necessary.
• the material is a tin-rich CuSn alloy with about 12-20% by weight Sn, the rest Cu.
• the high Sn content ensures the strength of the material.
• Spray compacting is a suitable method for shaping this alloy or tape casting .
• the material cools so quickly from the molten state that the segregation that is customary in castings is suppressed.
• the primary structure of this alloy is therefore free of macroscopic segregation at room temperature .
• the preforms produced with these processes can be shaped hot or cold.
• the material so produced is mainly due to its excellent mechanical Properties versatile in the field of mechanical engineering. Yet some shortcomings can be identified.
• the process of master shaping is difficult for the following reasons: As with conventional, comparatively low tin wrought wrought alloys also in the present case the need to deoxidize the melt. At The conventional alloys are therefore more oxygen-sensitive to the melt Elements such as B. phosphorus added. These additions are usually like this selected that in addition to melt deoxidation also the material properties (e.g. strength) can be influenced favorably. Because of the high affinity for oxygen the added elements tend to burn off when they melt and pour and slagging. As a result, complex process control is required for compliance of defined concentrations necessary, generally affect the oxides The deoxidizer in the melt also sensitive to the melt viscosity and thus the procedural boundary conditions of the primary molding process such as e.g. of spray compacting. Ideally, therefore, a vacuum oven comes for the Melting process used so that oxidation of the additives is largely prevented can be. However, the required process engineering is not always Expedient and economical.
• Oxides from admixtures with an affinity for oxygen can also be used in hot forming of the tin-rich CuSn alloys. They deteriorate the surface quality of the material to be formed and lead to tool contamination and consequently to a shorter tool life. When cutting or These oxides are also undesirable in the material volume because they are due to promote increased tool wear due to their hardness.
• the object thus achieved is achieved by the present invention in such a way solved that for mechanical components of machine or vehicle construction Alloy is used which, in addition to copper, has a tin content of 12 to 20% Sn and contains an iron content of 0.2 to 5% Fe.
• Alloy which, in addition to copper, has a tin content of 12 to 20% Sn and contains an iron content of 0.2 to 5% Fe.
• the alloy particularly achieves Fe and Sn contents good mechanical properties. On the one hand, they are expressed in a high degree of firmness or hardness, in a high creep or softening resistance and in a high wear resistance. On the other hand, one is sufficient for the materials to determine great toughness due to a related shape change Cold forming of more than 20% possible.
• Sn also ensures the corrosion resistance of the material.
• the Sn content should not exceed 20% because then - even with an unconventional casting process - The increased occurrence of brittle phases cannot be prevented.
• iron can be wholly or partly be replaced by cobalt.
• the setting of certain cutting properties is due to additives made of lead or graphite up to 3% by volume.
• these additives ensure improved emergency running properties in components subject to friction or sliding.
• the Levels have to be limited because lead or graphite additives are disadvantageous affect the forming.
• aluminum can contain up to 2% by weight. be added. Higher levels are not useful as they are surface processing or impair the joining of the material.
• phosphorus can be used to deoxidize the melt.
• a significant one Effect occurs from 0.01% P.
• the structure of the phosphorus should be matched to the iron concentration, the Fe content / P content> 2.
• P contents above 0.5% by weight should be avoided because thereby reducing the ductility of the material on the one hand and in Loose layers of heat adhere to the heat, particularly during hot forming to disturb.
• the invention is illustrated by the following example.
• the structure in the sprayed state was uniform and metallographically free from Segregations. After the bolt had been machined, it was hot-worked by extrusion into a rod with a diameter of 20 mm. The temperature the material was 650 ° C. The bar stock was straightened.
• the material was in the soft state after hot forming.
• the bars were pickled for surface leveling.
• the further processing was carried out using cold drawing processes to increase the strength properties.
• the alloy according to the invention clearly achieves by using 0.7% by weight of Fe better mechanical properties than the Fe-free variant and is therefore the known tin arms are also more suitable for mechanically stressed components CuSn wrought alloys.
• the ductility parameters are for both materials similarly, from which it can be concluded that Fe additions are suitable for the formation of To make pores and embrittling oxide lines more difficult during the primary shaping. This was not to be expected because of this effect of iron in a CuSn alloy was not known.
• the strength parameters clearly exceed those of a conventionally shaped tin bronze with 8% by weight of Sn , which was similarly shaped and heat treated. This leads to the conclusion that the tin-rich alloys have significantly better mechanical properties at high temperatures (ie softening resistance, relaxation resistance, creep or creep resistance) than the conventional CuSn wrought alloys.
• the alloy according to the invention is therefore also suitable for use at elevated temperatures.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
• Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
• Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
• Conductive Materials (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

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• 1999
  • 1999-06-21 DE DE19928330A patent/DE19928330C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2000
  • 2000-06-03 DE DE50007736T patent/DE50007736D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-06-03 ES ES00111778T patent/ES2228344T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-06-03 AT AT00111778T patent/ATE276378T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-06-03 EP EP00111778A patent/EP1063310B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-06-19 JP JP2000182608A patent/JP2001064741A/ja active Pending

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