Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
  • C07K5/04—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
  • C07K5/06—Dipeptides
  • C07K5/06191—Dipeptides containing heteroatoms different from O, S, or N
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/18—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for pancreatic disorders, e.g. pancreatic enzymes
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
  • A61P11/06—Antiasthmatics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
  • A61P17/04—Antipruritics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
  • A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
  • A61P27/16—Otologicals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
  • A61P7/02—Antithrombotic agents; Anticoagulants; Platelet aggregation inhibitors
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
  • C07K5/04—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
  • C07K5/06—Dipeptides
  • C07K5/06008—Dipeptides with the first amino acid being neutral
  • C07K5/06078—Dipeptides with the first amino acid being neutral and aromatic or cycloaliphatic
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides

Definitions

• the present invention relates to new five-membered heterocyclic amidines, their preparation and their use as competitive inhibitors of trypsin-like serine proteases, especially thrombin and kininogenases such as kallikrein.
• the invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions which contain the compounds as active constituents, and to the use of the compounds as thrombin inhibitors, anticoagulants and as anti-inflammatory agents.
• Thrombin belongs to the group of serine proteases and plays a central role as a terminal enzyme in the blood coagulation cascade. Both the intrinsic and the extrinsic coagulation cascade lead to the formation of thrombin from prothrombin over several amplification stages. The thrombin-catalyzed cleavage of fibrinogen to fibrin then initiates blood coagulation and platelet aggregation, which in turn increases the formation of thrombin by binding platelet factor 3 and coagulation factor XIII and a whole series of highly active mediators.
• thromboin formation and action are central events in the development of both white, arterial and red, venous thrombi and therefore potentially effective targets for pharmaceuticals.
• thrombin inhibitors are able, independently of cofactors, to completely inhibit the effects of free thrombin as well as that bound to platelets. They can prevent thromboembolic events after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and lysis in the acute phase and serve as anticoagulants in the extracorporeal circulation (cardiopulmonary machine, hemodialysis). They can also be used in general for thrombosis prophylaxis, for example after surgery.
• PTCA percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
• lysis in the acute phase and serve as anticoagulants in the extracorporeal circulation (cardiopulmonary machine, hemodialysis). They can also be used in general for thrombosis prophylaxis, for example after surgery.
• thrombin-inhibitory activity of peptidic ketones, fluorinated alkyl ketones, and of keto esters, boric acid derivatives, phosphoric acid esters and ⁇ -ketocarboxamides can also be explained with this serine interaction (EP 118280, 195212, 362002, 364344, 410411, 471651, 589741, 293881 506420 530167; WO 92/07869, 94/08941).
• EP 0 601 459 and WO 95/23609 represent a further development, the agmatine being replaced by an arylamidine residue.
• EP 0 672 658 also describes a thrombin inhibitor with an amidinothiophene (Example 65).
• Kininogenases are serine proteases that release vasoactive peptides from kininogens, the so-called kinins (bradykinin, kallidin and Met-Lys-bradykinin). Kininogens are ultimate functional proteins that occur in cascade coagulation and inflammation reactions. As inhibitors, they protect cells from destruction by cysteine proteases (Müller Esterl, 1985. FEBS Lett. 182. 310-314). Important kininogenases are plasma kailikrein, tissue kallikrein and mast cell tryptase.
• kinins such as bradykinin and kallidin are vasoactive peptides that affect a variety of biological processes. They play an essential role in inflammatory processes. By increasing vascular permeability, they lead to hypotension and edema. Furthermore, they are very potent pain-producing substances in the body and have cellular mediators in the pathophysiology of asthma, allergic rhinitis and 3 of arthritis of great importance (KD Bhoola, CD. Figueroa, K. Worthy, Pharmacological Reviews 1992, 44 (D, 1-80).
• PKSI-527 the hydrochloride of N- (trans-4-aminomethylcyclohexylcarbonyl) -L-phenylalanine-4-carboxymethyl-anilide, is also an effective inhibitor for this kininogenase (Wanaka, Ohamoto et al., Thromb. Res. 1990 , _1 (6), 889-895).
• the invention relates to compounds of the formula I.
• R 4 is H, C 4 alkyl or R 1 - (CH 2 ) m - (where R 1 and m have the meaning given above), p 0 or 1, R 5 H or C 4 alkyl,
• R 6 is H, C 8 alkyl, 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl, 3-indolyl,
• R 4 and R 6 together represent an ethylene or propylene group
• R 20 denotes H, C 1 -alkyl, Bn or BnO (CO) - and the following applies: if DU, III or XI, then E has the following meaning:
• R9 H or C 3 alkyl
• R 10 is H or C 4 alkyl
• R 11 is H or C 4 alkyl
• R 15 CF 3 - or C ⁇ - 4 alkyl
• R 20 mean the same as above,
• R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 16 and R 20 the same as above, R 17 H, CH 3 - or C 2 H 5 -,
• R 8 is H, Cl, CF 3 or C 1 alkyl
• R 19 is H, Cl, CF 3 or C 1 alkyl
• R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 16 , R 18 , R 19 and R 20 have the meanings given above,
• amino acid derivatives represented by B are preferred.
• (D) -configured, azetidine carboxylic acid, proline or pipecolic acid in D are preferably (L) -configured.
• HOOC- (CH 2 ) t - (t 1, 2 or 3), (HOOC-CH 2 ) 2 -CH-, HOOC-CH 2 -CH (COOH) -, HOOC-CH (C ⁇ _ 4 -alkyl) - , HOOC-C (Ci-4-alkyl) 2 -, C ⁇ _ 6 -alkyl-OOC- (CH 2 ) t -,
• R 4 H-, C ⁇ - 4 alkyl or HOOC- (CH 2 ) m - (m 1, 2 or 3), R 5 H-, methyl- R 6 H-, C ⁇ - 8th -Alkyl-, 2-thienyl-, 3-thienyl-, 3-indolyl-,
• R 20 is H, CH 3 , Bn or Bn ⁇ (CO) - and the following applies:
• R 20 mean the same as above, or
• X represents 0, S or -NR 17 - and wherein
• R 16 , R 17 , R 20 have the meanings given above, R 18 is H-, Cl-, CF 3 - or C ⁇ _-alkyl and R 19 H-, Cl-, CF 3 - or C ⁇ _ 4 -alkyl-,
• R 12 , R 16 , R 18 , R 19 and R 20 have the meanings given above,
• amino acid derivatives represented by B are preferably (D) -configured, azetidinecarboxylic acid, proline or pipecolic acid in D are preferably (L) -configured.
• R 13 Cl-, CF 3 - or CH 3 - R 15 CF 3 - or CH 3 - and R 20 mean the same as above,
• R 13 , R 20 have the meanings given above and R 16 is H-, CF 3 - or CH 3 -
• R 18 is H, Cl-, CF 3 - or CH 3 -, and R 16 , R 20 have the meanings mentioned above
• the amino acid derivatives represented by B are preferably (D) -configured, azetidinecarboxylic acid, proline or pipecolic acid in D are preferably (L) -configured.
• R 6 Ci-s-alkyl, 2-thienyl, 3-indolyl, 4-imidazolyl, 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl, which carry up to four methyl radicals can, phenyl, which can carry up to three identical or different radicals from the group CH 3 -, CF 3 -, CH 3 0-, HO-, BnO-, F- or Cl-, bicyclo [2.2.2] octyl, Bicyclo [2.2.l] heptyl, adamantyl, indanyl, decalinyl, with cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and cycloheptyl being particularly noteworthy,
• R 13 is Cl-, CF 3 - or CH 3 - and R 15 CF 3 - or CH 3 -,
• R 13 has the meaning given above and
• R 16 denotes H, CF 3 - or CH 3 -, or
• R 16 has the meaning given above and R 18 denotes H, Cl- CF 3 - or CH 3 -,
• the amino acid derivatives represented by B are preferably (D) -configured, azetidinecarboxylic acid, proline or pipecolic acid in D are preferably (L) -configured.
• Aze Azetidine carboxylic acid
• DIPEA diisopropylethylamine
• Gly glycine for: furan ham: hydroxyamidino
• Me methyl ⁇ -MeCha: ⁇ -methylcyclohexylalanine ß, ß-Me 2 Cha: 2-amino-3-cyclohexyl-3-methyl-butyric acid or ß, ß-dimethylcyclohexylalanine 4-MeCha: (4-methylcyclohex-l-yl) alanine ⁇ -MeCha: (1-methylcyclohex-l-yl) alanine
• NBS N-bromosuccinimide
• TFA trifluoroacetic acid
• TFFA trifluoroacetic anhydride thiaz: thiazole thioph: thiophene
• Thz-2 thiazolodine-2-carboxylic acid
• Thz-4 thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid 5.5-Me 2
• Thz-4 (45) -5.5-dimethylthiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid
• cycloalkyl by itself or as part of another substituent contains saturated or cyclic hydrocarbon groups which contain the stated number of carbon atoms.
• C 3 _s-cycloalkyl refers to saturated alicyclic rings with 3 to 8 carbon atoms such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, 4-methyl-cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl or cyclooctyl.
• Substituents mean a linear or branched alkyl chain radical of the length specified in each case.
• C 4 alkyl means, for example, methyl, ethyl, 1-propyl, 2-propyl, 2-methyl-2-propyl, 2-methyl-1-propyl, 1-butyl, 2-butyl, C 6 6 alkyl, for example C 1 4- alkyl, pentyl, 1-pentyl, 2-pentyl, 3-pentyl, 1-hexyl, 2-hexyl, 3-hexyl,
• Ci-s-alkyl means, in addition to the radicals specified for C 4 alkyl, for example C 6 alkyl, heptyl or octyl.
• alkoxy by itself or as part of another substituent means a linear or branched alkyl chain radical which has the length indicated in each case and is bonded to the parent compound in question via an oxygen atom.
• C ⁇ -alkoxy means e.g. Methoxy, ethoxy, 1-propoxy, 2-propoxy, 2-methyl-2-propoxy, 2-methyl-l-propoxy, 1-butoxy, 2-butoxy.
• the invention further relates to compounds that form the structural element
• Contain NH in which D and E have the meaning given above and on the nitrogen atom of building block D there is a hydrogen atom, a protective group, an optionally substituted natural or unnatural amino acid, an optionally substituted carboxylic acid or an optionally substituted alkyl radical.
• the structural fragment is valuable as a component of serine protease inhibitors and in particular of thrombin and kallikrein inhibitors.
• the invention also relates to compounds which form the structural element
• the invention also relates to compounds which have one of the following structural elements.
• Q is CH 3 or Cl; T NCH 3 , 0 or S; and W is NCH 3 or S.
• the invention further relates to the intermediates of the formulas Va and Vb
• the compounds of the formula I can be present as such or in the form of their salts with physiologically tolerated acids.
• acids are: hydrochloric acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, phosphoric acid, methanesulfonic acid, acetic acid, formic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, hydroxysuccinic acid, sulfuric acid, glutaric acid, aspartic acid, pyruvic acid, benzoic acid, and oxyacetic acid, glucuric acid acid, glucuric acid, glucuric acid, glucuric acid, acetic acid glycine acid, acetic acid glycine acid, acetic acid glycine acid, acetic acid, glucuric acid, acetic acid, asucuronic acid, acetic acid.
• IR 1 is C 6 alkyl-OOC, aryl-co-alkyl-OOC and / or F is hydroxyamidine
• Prodrugs of the compounds of the general formula I are understood to mean those compounds which metabolize to the pharmacologically active compounds of the general formula I in vivo. It can e.g. through the first pass metabolism in the liver.
• the new compounds of formula I are competitive inhibitors of trypsin-like serine proteases, especially thrombin, and furthermore of kininogenases such as kallikrein. They can be used for the following indications:
• platelet derived growth factor P-selectin, ICAM-1, tissue factor
• inhibition e.g. NO synthesis in smooth muscle cells
• thrombin-dependent Diseases based on a thrombin-dependent change in contractility and permeability of epithelial cells (eg vascular endothelial cells), 26 thrombin-dependent, thromboembolic events such as deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, myocardial or cerebral infarction, atrial fibrillation, bypass occlusion,
• thrombolytics such as streptokinase, urokinase, prourokinase, t-PA, APSAC, plasminogen activators from the salivary glands of animals and the recombinant and mutant forms of all these substances,
• the new compounds for the therapy and prophylaxis of thrombin-dependent thromboembolic events such as deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, myocardial or cerebral infarction and unstable angina can continue to be used for the therapy of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
• DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation
• thrombolytics such as streptokinase, urokinase, prourokinase, t-PA, APSAC and other plasminogen activators to shorten the reperfusion time and extend the reocclusion time.
• Further preferred areas of application are the prevention of thrombin-dependent early reocclusion and late restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasia, the prevention of thrombin-induced proliferation of smooth muscle cells, the prevention of active thrombin accumulation in the CNS (eg in M. Alzheimer's disease), the fight against tumors and the prevention of mechanisms that lead to adhesion and metastasis of tumor cells.
• the new compounds can also be used to coat artificial surfaces such as hemodialysis membranes and the necessary hose systems and lines, as well as oxygenators for extravascular circulation, stents and heart valves. 27
• the new compounds can also be used in diseases whose pathomechanism is based directly or indirectly on the proteolytic action of kininogenases, in particular kallikrein, e.g. for inflammatory diseases such as asthma, pancreatitis, rhinitis, arthritis, urticaria and other internal inflammatory diseases.
• diseases whose pathomechanism is based directly or indirectly on the proteolytic action of kininogenases, in particular kallikrein, e.g. for inflammatory diseases such as asthma, pancreatitis, rhinitis, arthritis, urticaria and other internal inflammatory diseases.
• the compounds according to the invention can be administered in the usual way orally or parenterally (subcutaneously, intravenously, intramuscularly, intraperitoneally, rectally). It can also be applied with vapors or sprays through the nasopharynx.
• the dosage depends on the age, condition and weight of the patient and on the type of application.
• the daily dose of active ingredient per person is between about 10 and 2000 mg with oral administration and between about 1 and 200 mg with parenteral administration. This dose can be given in 2 to 4 single doses or once a day as a depot form.
• the new compounds can be used in the customary pharmaceutical application forms, solid or liquid, e.g. as tablets, film-coated tablets, capsules, powders, granules, dragees, suppositories, solutions, ointments, creams or sprays. These are manufactured in the usual way.
• the active ingredients can be processed with the usual pharmaceutical auxiliaries such as tablet binders, fillers, preservatives, tablet disintegrants, flow regulators, plasticizers, wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, solvents, retardants, antioxidants and / or propellants (see H. Sucker et al.: Pharmaceuticals Technology, Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart, 1978).
• the application forms thus obtained normally contain the active ingredient in an amount of 0.1 to 99% by weight.
• the building blocks A, B, D and E are preferably constructed separately beforehand and used in a suitably protected form (see scheme I-III). 28
• building block E can be used as HE-CSNH 2 in the synthesis.
• Scheme II describes the linear structure of the molecule I by alkylation, reductive amination or Michael addition of HBP to suitable, optionally protected A building blocks to (P) -ABP, cleavage of the C-terminal protective group to (P) -AB-OH, Coupling with HDP to (P) -ABDP, cleavage of the C-terminal protective group to (P) -ABD-OH, coupling with HE-CN to (P) -ABDE-CN and conversion of this intermediate to the end product analogous to Scheme I.
• HE-CONH 2 , HE-CSNH 2 , HEC (NH) NH 2 , HEC (NP) NH 2 , HEC (NP) NHP can also be used, in which case the coupled intermediate (P ) -ABDE-CONH 2 dehydrated to (P) -ABDE-CN or e.g. B. is converted directly into (P) -ABDE-CSNH 2 using Lawesson's reagent.
• Scheme III describes a very efficient way of preparing the compounds I by a convergent synthesis.
• the correspondingly protected building blocks (P) -A-B-OH and H-D-E-CN are coupled together and the resulting intermediate (P) -A-B-D-E-CN is converted into the end product analogously to Scheme I.
• HDE-C0NH 2 or HDE-CSNH 2 can also be used, in which case the coupled intermediate (P) -ABDE-CONH is dehydrated to (P) -ABDE-CN or in (P) -ABDE- CSNH 2 is transferred.
• Boc, Cbz or Fmoc are used as N-terminal protective groups; C-terminal protective groups are methyl, tert-butyl and benzyl. If there are several protective groups in the molecule, they must be orthogonal to one another if they are not to be split off simultaneously.
• Boc protective groups are removed by means of dioxane / HCl or TFA / DCM, Cbz protective groups by hydrogenolysis or with HF.
• the saponification of ester functions takes place with LiOH in an alcoholic solvent or in dioxane / water.
• t-Butyl esters are cleaved with TFA or HCl. 31
• Reversed phase HPLC separations were carried out with acetonitrile / water and HOAc buffer.
• the starting compounds can be prepared using the following methods:
• building blocks A for the alkylation e.g. ⁇ -bromoacetic acid tert-butyl ester, ß-bromopropionic acid tert. -butyl ester, ⁇ -bromo-propionic acid tert. -butyl ester, ⁇ -bromobutyric acid tert-butyl ester, ⁇ -bromobutyric acid tert. -butyl ester, THP-protected bromoethanol, THP-protected ⁇ -bromopropanol, -Brom- ⁇ -butyrolactone, for reductive amination e.g. Dihydroxyacetone, acetone dicarboxylic acid di-tert.
• butyl ester and for Michael addition e.g. Tert-butyl acrylate, tert-methacrylic acid. -butyl ester, fumaric acid - di-tert. -butyl ester.
• tert Unless they are commercially available, butyl esters are produced analogously to G. Uray, W. Lindner, Tetrahedron 1988, 44./ 4357-4362.
• the reaction mixture was allowed to come to 0 ° C., was stirred at this temperature for 90 min and 150-200 ml of 38% strength aqueous hydrochloric acid were carefully added. For complete hydrolysis, the mixture was stirred vigorously at room temperature for 15 hours. The organic phase was separated off and washed with 200 ml of water, saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and saturated sodium chloride solution. It was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated on a rotary evaporator to remove the solvents. The residue obtained was used without further purification as the starting material for the synthesis of the amino acid.
• Cyclopentylglycine was prepared by hydrolysis with 6N hydrochloric acid from N-acetyl- (D, L) -cyclopentylglycine, which was prepared in accordance with the literature specification by JT Hill and FW Dünn, J. Org. Chem. 30 (1965), 1321. 34
• Boc- (3-Ph) -Pro-OH was analogous to a procedure by J.Y.L. Chung et al. (J.Y.L. Chung et al. J.Org.Chem. 1990, _55, 270).
• Boc-1-tetralinylglycine was prepared starting from 1,2-dihydronaphthalene. 1, 2-dihydronaphthalene was first converted into 1-tetralyl bromide with HBr (analogously to J. Med. Chem. 1994, _1, 1586). The bromide was then reacted with diethyl acetamidomalonate, hydrolytically cleaved and the ⁇ -amino acid obtained was converted into the Boc-protected form under standard conditions. Another display option is described by E. Reimann and D. Voss (E. Reimann; D. Voss Arch. Pharm 1977, 310, 102).
• Boc- (D, L) -Dpa-OH (1 mmol) was hydrogenated in 12 mL MeOH together with catalytic amounts of 5% Rh / Al 2 0 3 at 5 bar. After filtration and removal of the solvent in vacuo, the product was obtained in quantitative yield.
• Boc- (D, L) - (3, 4, 5- (MeO) 3 ) Phe-OH was prepared by alkylation of ethyl benzophenonimine with trimethoxybenzyl chloride, followed by Boc protective group introduction and ester saponification.
• amino acids mentioned were converted into the Boc-protected form in each case using di-tert.-butyl dicarbonate in water / dioxane and then recrystallized from ethyl acetate / hexane mixtures or column chromatographically on silica gel (mobile phase: ethyl acetate / Petroleum ether mixtures).
• N-Boc-N- (tert-butyloxycarbonylmethylene) - (D) -cyclohexylglycine-cyclohexylammonium salt was prepared in an analogous manner from cyclohexyl-glycine as a starting material.
• the N-Boc-N- (tert-butyloxycarbonylmethylene) - (D) -cycloheptylglycine or N-Boc-N- (tert -butyloxycarbonylmethylene) - (D) -cyclopentylglycine derivatives were derived from the corresponding cycloheptyl- and cyclopentylglycine - Connections established.
• Rotary evaporators gave 26.7 g of a yellow oil, which was taken up in acetone and heated to reflux. The heating bath was removed and a solution of 7 g (70 mmol) of cyclohexylamine in acetone was added rapidly via a dropping funnel. When the reaction mixture cooled to room temperature, the desired salt crystallized out. The solid was filtered off, washed with 25 ml of acetone and recrystallized again from acetone for final purification. After drying the residue in a vacuum drying cabinet at 30 ° C., 26.6 g (54 mmol) of the desired salt were obtained as a white powder.
• N-Boc-Pyr-OH (5 g, 23.45 mmol) was dissolved in MeOH (50 mL) and HC1 in dioxane (4N, 30 mL) was added. The mixture was then heated under reflux for 12 h. The solvent was spun off and H-Pyr-OMe hydrochloride was obtained as the product. Yield: 3.84 g (100%).
• This compound was prepared in an analogous manner from N-Boc-N- (tert-butyloxycarbonylmethylene) - (D) -cyclohexylglycine and 3,4-dehydroproline methyl ester.
• N- (t-Bu0 2 C-CH 2 ) -N-Boc- (D) -Cha-OH (20 g, 51.88 mmol) was dissolved in dry methylene chloride (100 mL). After cooling to -5 ° C., N-ethyldiisopropylamine (90 ml, 518.88 mmol) was added dropwise and the mixture was stirred for 5 min.
• H-Pro-OBn x HC1 (12.54 g, 51.88 mmol) was then added and, after stirring for 5 min, 50% propanephosphonic anhydride solution in ethyl acetate (45.1 mL, 62.26 mmol) was diluted with Methylene chloride (45 mL) was added dropwise over 30 min. After 1 h 40
• This compound was prepared in an analogous manner from N-Boc-N- (tert-butyloxycarbonylmethylene) - (D) -cyclohexylglycine and proline methyl ester.
• the compounds (L) -proline, (L) -pipecolic acid and (L) -azetidinecarboxylic acid used as D-building blocks are either commercially available as free amino acids, as Boc-protected compounds or as corresponding methyl esters. If the (L) -3, 4-dehydroproline or (D, L) -4, 5-dehydropipecolic acid or a correspondingly protected derivative was used as the D building blocks, the compounds shown were generally hydrogenated in the final stage to give the corresponding compounds Proline derivatives.
• (L) -3 4-dehydroproline (H-pyr-OH) is commercially available
• (D, L) -4 5-dehydropipecolic acid (H- (D, L) -Dep-OH) can be obtained according to A. Burgstahler, CE Aiman J. Org. Chem. 2ü (1960), 489 or C. Herdeis, W. Engel Arch. Pharm 3_26. (1993), 297.
• 2-aminomethyl-oxazole-4-thiocarboxamide and 2-aminomethyl-thiazole-4-thiocarboxamide were according to G. Videnov, D. Kaier, C. Kempter and G. Jung Angew. Chemie (1996) 108, 1604, the N-Boc-protected compounds described there being deprotected with ethereal hydrochloric acid in methylene chloride.
• reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo and the residue was extracted from n hexane (120 mL). 10 g of pure product were obtained.
• N-BOC-glycine nitrile (12.0 g, 76.8 mmol) and diethylamine (0.16 mL, 2.1 mmol) were dissolved in toluene (100 mL). The solution was cooled to -10 ° C, saturated with hydrogen sulfide and then stirred overnight at room temperature. The precipitate formed was suction filtered and washed with toluene. The product was dried in vacuo at 45 ° C. Yield: 13.2 g (69.4 mmol, 90.3%, yellowish solid).
• N-BOC-glycinthioamide (10.0 g, 52.6 mmol) was placed in methanol (70 mL) and methyl 2-chloroacetoacetate (7.9 g, 52.6 mmol) was added. The mixture was heated to 60 ° C. for 2 hours and then stirred at room temperature for 48 hours. The methanol was removed on a rotary evaporator and the residue was extracted with acetone / diethyl ether. The remaining precipitate was filtered off and the filtrate was concentrated. The solid obtained from the filtrate was the product (clean by TLC and HPLC). Yield: 8.7 g (30.4 mmol, 57.8%). ESI-MS: 287 (M + H + ).
• Methyl 2- (iV-BOC-aminomethyl) -4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylate (2.8 g, 9.74 mmol) was dissolved in 1,4-dioxane (30 mL) and IN sodium hydroxide solution (19 mL) was added. After 4 h of stirring at room temperature, the 1,4-dioxane was removed on a rotary evaporator. It was diluted with water and washed with ethyl acetate. The aqueous phase was acidified with 20% potassium hydrogen sulfate solution and the precipitate obtained was suction filtered and washed with water. The product obtained in this way was dried in a vacuum drying cabinet at 40 ° C. Yield: 2.5 g.
• N-BOC-glycinthioamide (5.0 g, 26.28 mmol) was dissolved in acetonitrile (60 mL) and added dropwise at 5-10 ° C with a solution of ethyl 2-chloro-4, 4, 4-trifluoroacetoacetate (6.38 g, 26.28 mmol) was added. The mixture was then stirred for a further 30 min at 5 ° C. and for 12 h at room temperature. The mixture was then cooled to 0 ° C. and triethylamine (12 mL, 86.77 mmol) was added dropwise. After stirring for 20 minutes at 0 ° C., the yellowish suspension had changed to a clear red-brown solution.
• This compound was prepared analogously to 5-aminomethyl-3-methylthiophene-2-carbonitrile, the 3-chloro-2-cyanothiophene used being prepared by dehydrating 3-chlorothiophene-2-carboxamide with trifluoroacetic anhydride.
• the crude product obtained from e) (max. 79 mmol) was dissolved in 280 ml of pyridine and 140 ml of triethylamine and saturated with hydrogen sulfide at room temperature. The previously yellow solution turned green. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. To complete the conversion, a further 15 minutes of hydrogen sulfide were introduced and stirring was continued for two hours at room temperature. Excess hydrogen sulfide was driven out of a washing tower using a stream of nitrogen. The reaction mixture was then concentrated on a rotary evaporator, taken up in ethyl acetate, washed several times with 20% sodium hydrogen sulfate solution, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated on a rotary evaporator.
• a portion of the crude product obtained from d) (39.4 g, max 106 mmol) was dissolved in 400 ml of pyridine and 40 ml of triethylamine and saturated with hydrogen sulfide at room temperature. The previously yellow solution turned green. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. Excess hydrogen sulfide was driven out of a washing tower using a stream of nitrogen. The reaction mixture was then poured into ice-cooled 20% sodium hydrogen sulfate solution and extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The organic phase was then washed several times with 20% sodium hydrogen sulfate solution, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated on a rotary evaporator.
• Tetrahydrofuran added.
• the mixture was stirred at -5 ° C. for 30 min, the precipitate formed was filtered off, washed with a little tetrahydrofuran and the filtrate was reacted directly by slowly adding a solution of the residue from b) (259 mmol) in 300 ml of tetrahydrofuran at room temperature .
• Ammonia gas was passed into a solution of 6.8 g (max. 23.2 mmol) of 5-aminomethyl-1-methyl-1H- [1, 2, 4] -triazole-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester in 200 ml of ethanol at -10 ° C. for 20 minutes. The mixture was stirred for a further hour at 0 ° C. and overnight at room temperature. Since sales were incomplete, the
• l-Methylpyrrole-2-carbaldehyde (10 g, 91.6 mmol) was dissolved in acetonitrile (100 L) and cooled to -45 ° C. Chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (38.9 g, 274.9 mmol) in acetonitrile (40 mL) was added dropwise over 40 min. The mixture was then stirred at room temperature for 12 h. After the dropwise addition of dirnethylformamide (35 L), the mixture was heated to 50 ° C. for 1 h. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was poured onto ice (200 ml) and 2N sodium hydroxide solution (286 ml). The precipitate formed was suction filtered.
• N-Boc-5-aminomethyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (S. Borg et al. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 3112-20) was dissolved in methanol (50 mL). Ammonia was introduced into this solution at -10 ° C. to RT until the reaction was complete. The solvent was spun off. The crude product thus obtained was dissolved in dichloromethane (70 ml) and diisopropylethylamine (2.9 ml, 16.55 mmol) was added at -5 ° C.
• l-Methyl-5-methoxycarbonyl-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid chloride prepared from 4.17 g, 22.6 mmol of l-methyl-5-methoxycarbonyl-3-carboxylic acid, J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 428, was dissolved in toluene dissolved and cooled to -10 ° C. Ammonia was then passed in at -10 ° C. to 0 ° C. until the reaction was complete. The solvent was spun off. The residue was taken up in ethanol. After stirring for 15 min, the ethanol was spun off, the residue was dissolved in warm water and precipitated by cooling to 0.degree.
• N- (t-Bu0 2 C-CH 2 ) -N-Boc- (D) -Cha-Pro-NH-CH 2 -2- (4-C (SCH 3 ) NH) - thiaz-hydroiodide (2.08 g, max 2.67 mmol) were dissolved in 20 mL acetonitrile, mixed with 0.6 g (8.01 mmol) ammonium acetate and stirred at 40-50 ° C for 1.5 h.
• N- (t-Bu0 2 C-CH 2 ) -N-Boc- (D) -Cha-Pro-NH-CH 2 -4- (2-CN) -thioph (6.95 g, 11.53 mmol) were dissolved in 40 L pyridine and 7 mL triethylamine, saturated with hydrogen sulfide (green solution) at 0-5 ° C and left over the weekend at room temperature.
• Methyl iodide added and left overnight at room temperature. The mixture was then gently concentrated in vacuo, 8.36 g being obtained as a yellow solid foam.
• Boc-Pic-OH (10.1 g, 44.05 mmol) and 5-H 2 N-CH-thioph-2-CN hydrochloride (8.54 g, 48.88 mmol) were in dichloromethane (150 mL) dissolved, at 0 ° C with ethyldiisopropylamine (53.2 mL, 311.08 mmol) and with a 50% solution of propane-phosphonic anhydride in ethyl acetate (46 mL, 217 mmol).
• the reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane, washed with 20% sodium hydrogen sulfate solution (4x), sodium hydrogen carbonate solution (3x) and saturated sodium chloride solution (lx). After drying over sodium sulfate and filtering off the drying agent, the solvent was distilled off in a water jet vacuum.
• To split off the Boc group 200 ml of isopropanol and 50 ml of 6.8 N isopropanolic hydrochloric acid solution were added to the residue (18.41 g) and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The mixture was then evaporated to dryness, codistilled twice with dichloromethane and the residue was extracted with ether. 12.7 g of the desired product were obtained as a light brown powder.
• This compound was prepared by coupling the two building blocks N- (t-Bu0 2 C-CH) -N-Boc- (D) -Cha-OH and H-Pic-NH-CH 2 -5- (2-CN) -thioph analogous to example 2a).
• the conversion to the end product HOOC-CH 2 - (D) -Cha-Pic-NH-CH 2 -5- (2-am) -thioph-hydroacetate was carried out analogously to Example 2b) to d), FAB-MS (M + H + ): 478 74
• Boc-prolin can be used directly instead of Boc- (L) -3, 4-dehydroproline, which eliminates the hydrogenation stage.
• This compound can be prepared analogously to Example 2 starting from N- (t-BuO 2 C-CH 2 ) -N-Boc- (D) - Cha-Pro-OH and 4-H 2 N-CH 2 -thioph-2-CN or by hydrogenation of HOOC-CH 2 - (D) -Cha-Pyr-NH-CH 2 -4- (2-am) - thioph analogously to Example 4.
• the amide function can be built up analogously to Example 2 and the protective groups can then be split off.
• Example 8a N- (Hydroxycarbonylmethylene) - (D) -cycloheptylglycyl-prolyl- [4- (2-amidino) -thienylmethyl] amide hydroacetate:
• Example 8b N- (Hydroxycarbonylmethylene) - (L) -cycloheptylglycyl-prolyl- [4- (2-amidino) -thienylmethyl] amide hydroacetate
• Example 9a N- (Hydroxycarbonylmethylene) - (D) -cyclopentylglycyl-prolyl- [4- (2-amidino) -thienylmethyl] amide hydroacetate:
• Example 9b N- (Hydroxycarbonylmethylene) - (L) -cyclopentylglycyl-prolyl- [4- (2-amidino) -thienylmethyl] amide hydroacetate
• This compound can be prepared analogously to Example 1 starting from N- (t-Bu0 2 C-CH 2 ) -N-Boc- (D) -Cha-Pro-OH and 4-HN-CH 2 -thiaz-2-CSNH 2 . 76
• This compound can be prepared analogously to Example 1 starting from N- (t-Bu0 2 C-CH 2 ) -N-Boc- (D) -Chg-Pro-OH and 4-H 2 N-CH 2 -thiaz-2-CSNH 2 getting produced.
• amidine functions can be built up analogously to Example 20 by reaction with ammonia and acetylcysteine and the protective groups can then be split off.
• Example 13 1- [N- (Hydroxycarbonylmethylene) - (D) -cyclohexyl-glycyl] -azetidine-2-cabonic acid- [5- (3-amidino) thienylmethyl] amide
• the above product was converted into the amidine in the same way as in Example 2.
• the Boc protective group and the t-butyl ester group were cleaved off by standing in 3N hydrochloric acid for 12 hours. After the hydrochloric acid had been distilled off at the end with the addition of toluene, the hydrochloric acid residue was purified by chromatography on a silica gel column using a methanol /
• the product obtained according to b) was dissolved in pyridine (30 mL) and triethylamine (15 mL). The reaction mixture was saturated with hydrogen sulfide at room temperature and over
• the illustration can be carried out analogously to Example 14, but in b) N- (tert-butoxycarbonylmethylene) - (N-Boc) - (D) -cyclohexylglycine instead of N- (tert. Butoxycarbonylmethylene) - (N -Boc) - (D) -cyclo-hexylalanine is used.
• Example 17 N- (Hydroxycarbonylmethylene) - (D) -cyclohexylalanyl-prolyl- [2- (4-amidino-1-methyl) pyrrole-methyl] amide was prepared analogously to Example 16, FAB-MS (M + H +): 461 .
• Example 18 N- (Hydroxycarbonylmethylene) - (D) -cyclohexylalanyl-prolyl- [4- (2-amidino-1-methyl) pyrrolylmethyl] amide can be prepared analogously to Example 16.
• Example 19 N- (tert-butoxycarbonylmethylene) - (N-Boc) - (D) -cyclohexylalanyl-prolyl- [2- (4-amido) oxazolylmethyl] amide hydrochloride can be prepared analogously to Example 1 starting from N- ( t-Bu0 2 C-CH 2 ) -N-Boc- (D) -Cha-Pro-OH and 2-amino-methyl-4-thiocarboxamidoxazol represent.
• N- (t-Bu0 2 C-CH 2 ) -N-Boc- (D) -Cha-Pro-OH (1.25 g, 2.59 mmol) was placed in dichloromethane (30 mL).
• Diisopropylethylamine (1.95 mL, 11.16 mmol) was added dropwise at -10 ° C.
• Example 21 N- (Hydroxycarbonylmethylene) - (D) -cyclohexylalanyl-prolyl- [5- (3-amidino) -l, 2, 4-oxadiazolylmethyl] amide hydrochloride can be started from t-Bu0 2 C-CH 2 - (Boc) - (D) -Cha-Pro-OH and 5-amino-3-cyano-1, 2, 4-oxadiazole as in Example 20.
• Example 23 N- (Hydroxycarbonylmethylene) - (D) -cyclohexylalanyl-prolyl- [5- (2-amidino-3-methyl) -thienylmethyl] amide: This compound was started from N- (t-Bu0 2 C- CH 2 ) -N-Boc- (D) -Cha-Pro-OH and 5-aminomethyl-3-methylthiophene-2-carbonitrile hydrochloride as in Ex. 2 a) -e).
• This compound was based on N- (t-Bu02C-CH2) -N-Boc- (D) -
• This compound was prepared by placing in a solution of 100 mg (0.18 mmol) of N- (hydroxycarbonylmethylene) - (D) -cyclohexylalanyl-prolyl- [5- (3-amidino-4-chloro) cooled to 0 ° C. - thienyl] methylamide (previous example 26) in 10 ml of ethanol introduced hydrogen chloride to saturation and stirred for five hours at room temperature. The mixture was concentrated, and the mixture was codistilled three times with a little toluene in order to remove residual hydrogen chloride. The residue (100 mg, 95%) was dissolved in ethanol and converted into the corresponding acetate by means of an acetate exchanger (Fluka, order no. 00402). ESI-MS (M + H + ): 526
• This compound was prepared by placing in a solution of 100 mg (0.186 mmol) of N- (hydroxycarbonylmethylene) - (D) -cyclohexylalanyl-prolyl- [5- (3-amidino-4-methyl) cooled to 0 ° C. - thienyl] methylamide (previous example 28) in 10 ml of ethanol introduced hydrogen chloride to saturation and stirred for five hours at room temperature. The mixture was concentrated, and the mixture was codistilled three times with a little toluene in order to remove residual hydrogen chloride. The residue (89 mg, 85%) was dissolved in ethanol and converted into the corresponding acetate using an acetate ion exchanger (Fluka, order no. 00402). FAB-MS (M + H + ): 506 85
• This compound can be prepared according to the following reaction sequence: Coupling of N- (t-Bu0 2 C-CH 2 ) -N-Boc- (D) -Cha-Pro-OH with 5-H 2 N-CH 2 - ( 2-CN-3-Cl) -thioph to N- (t-Bu0 2 C-CH 2 ) -N-Boc- (D) -Cha- Pro-NH-CH 2 -5- (2-CN-3- C1) thioph, amide formation and subsequent deprotection analogous to Example 2.
• This compound can be prepared according to the following reaction sequence: Coupling of N- (t-Bu0 2 C-CH 2 ) -N-Boc- (D) -Chg-Pro-OH with 5-H 2 N-CH 2 - (2- CN-3-Cl) -thioph to N- (t-Bu0C-CH 2 ) -N-Boc- (D) -Chg- Pro-NH-CH 2 -5- (2-CN-3-C1) -thioph , Amide formation and subsequent deprotection analogous to Example 2.
• This compound can be obtained from N- (t-Bu0 2 C-CH 2 ) -N-Boc- (D) -Cha-Pro-NH-CH 2 -4- (2-am) -thioph by deprotection and transesterification (HC1 in methanol at room temperature).
• This compound can be obtained from N- (t-Bu0 2 C-CH 2 ) -N-Boc- (D) -Chg-Pro-NH-CH 2 -4- (2-am) -thioph by deprotection and transesterification (HC1 in methanol at room temperature).
• This compound can be obtained from N- (t-Bu0 2 C-CH 2 ) -N-Boc- (D) -Cha-Aze-NH-CH 2 ⁇ 4- (2-am) -thioph by deprotection and transesterification (HC1 in methanol at room temperature).
• This compound can be obtained from N- (t-Bu0 2 C-CH 2 ) -N-Boc- (D) -Chg-Aze-NH-CH 2 -4- (2-am) -thioph by deprotection and transesterification (HC1 in methanol at room temperature).
• Example 36 N- (Methoxycarbonylmethylene) - (D) -cyclohexylalanyl-prolyl- [2- (4-amidino) thiazolylmethyl] amide
• This compound can be obtained from N- (t-Bu0 2 C-CH 2 ) -N-Boc- (D) -Cha-Pro-NH-CH 2 -2- (4-am) -thiaz by deprotection and transesterification (HC1 in methanol at room temperature).
• This compound can be obtained from N- (t-Bu0 2 C-CH 2 ) -N-Boc- (D) -Chg-Pro-NH-CH-2- (4-am) -thiaz by deprotection and transesterification (HC1 in Methanol at room temperature).
• Example 38 N- (Methoxycarbonylmethylene) - (D) -cyclohexylalanyl-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid- [2- (4-amidino) -thiazolylmethyl] amide
• This compound can be obtained from N- (t-Bu0 2 C-CH 2 ) -N-Boc- (D) -Cha-Aze-NH-CH 2 ⁇ 2- (4-am) -thiaz by deprotection and transesterification (HC1 in methanol at room temperature).
• This compound can be obtained from N- (t-BuO 2 C-CH 2 ) -N-Boc- (D) -Chg-Aze-NH-CH 2 -2- (4-am) -thiaz by deprotection and transesterification (HC1 in methanol at room temperature).
• This compound can be obtained by reacting (t-Bu0 2 C-CH 2 -) - (Boc) - (D) -Cha-Pro-NH-CH 2 - (2-CN) -4-thioph with hydroxylamine hydrochloride (methanol, Diisopropylethylamm, room temperature) and subsequent deprotection (HC1 in dichloromethane at room temperature).
• This compound can be obtained by reacting (t-Bu0 2 C-CH 2 -) - (Boc) - (D) -Cha-Pro-NH-CH 2 - (2-CN) -4-thioph with hydroxylamine hydrochloride (methanol, Diisopropylethylamm,

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