EP1050057A1 - Element de commutation sous forme de feuille - Google Patents

Element de commutation sous forme de feuille

Info

Publication number
EP1050057A1
EP1050057A1 EP99906147A EP99906147A EP1050057A1 EP 1050057 A1 EP1050057 A1 EP 1050057A1 EP 99906147 A EP99906147 A EP 99906147A EP 99906147 A EP99906147 A EP 99906147A EP 1050057 A1 EP1050057 A1 EP 1050057A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching element
layer
resistance
resistance material
point
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99906147A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1050057B1 (fr
Inventor
Karl Billen
Laurent Federspiel
Edgard Theiss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IEE International Electronics and Engineering SA
Original Assignee
IEE International Electronics and Engineering SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IEE International Electronics and Engineering SA filed Critical IEE International Electronics and Engineering SA
Publication of EP1050057A1 publication Critical patent/EP1050057A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1050057B1 publication Critical patent/EP1050057B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C10/00—Adjustable resistors
    • H01C10/10—Adjustable resistors adjustable by mechanical pressure or force
    • H01C10/12—Adjustable resistors adjustable by mechanical pressure or force by changing surface pressure between resistive masses or resistive and conductive masses, e.g. pile type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/702—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2239/00—Miscellaneous
    • H01H2239/078—Variable resistance by variable contact area or point

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a switching element in film construction which, when triggered, generates a signal which depends on the size of the triggered area.
  • Such a switching element in film construction comprises a first carrier film on which a release layer made of a first resistance material, e.g. Graphite, and a second carrier film on which a sensor layer made of a second resistance material, e.g. a semiconductor material is applied.
  • the first resistance material and the second resistance material are matched to one another in such a way that when the triggering layer and the sensor layer are contacted, the resistance of the boundary layer between the triggering layer and the sensor layer is essentially determined by the extent of the contact area.
  • the first carrier film and the second carrier film are arranged at a certain distance from one another by spacers in such a way that the release layer and the sensor layer face each other and are not in contact with one another when the switching element is not actuated.
  • the switching element is triggered or actuated, the triggering layer and the sensor layer are moved towards one another against the restoring force of the carrier films and contacted.
  • the two layers are contacted with one another in a first point of their area, this contact area increases with increasing pressure on the switching element.
  • Such pressure sensors are inexpensive to manufacture and have proven to be extremely robust and reliable in practice.
  • the trigger behavior or the dynamics of such pressure sensors is not suitable for certain applications. While in the case of the generally round sensors the radial extent of the triggered surface depends essentially linearly on the force exerted on the switching element, there is an essentially quadratic dependency for the contact surface. The resistance behavior of the sensor as a function of the triggering force consequently shows a course determined by this quadratic dependence, which makes the sensors unsuitable for certain applications.
  • a switching element in film construction with a first carrier film on which a triggering layer made of a first resistance material is applied, the triggering layer having a first electrical connection, and a second carrier film on which a sensor layer made of a second resistance material is applied is, wherein the sensor layer has a second electrical connection.
  • the first carrier film and the second carrier film are arranged at a certain distance from one another by spacers such that the triggering layer and the sensor layer face each other and are not in contact with one another when the switching element is not actuated, while when the switching element is triggered, the triggering layer and the sensor layer are initially in one be contacted with each other at the first point of their surface and the contact surface increases with increasing pressure on the switching element.
  • the first resistance material and the second resistance material are in such a way 3
  • the resistance of the boundary layer between the trigger layer and the sensor layer is essentially determined by the size of the contact area.
  • the sensor layer is designed in such a way that its specific electrical resistance, starting from the first point, varies in the direction of the increasing contact area with the distance from the first point in such a way that a predetermined triggering behavior of the switching element results as a function of the pressure force acting on the switching element .
  • the triggering behavior of such a switching element is also determined by the resistance in the sensor layer between the triggering point and the second electrical connection.
  • An electrical signal introduced into the sensor layer at a trigger point via the boundary layer e.g. an electrical voltage must in fact flow through the resistance path between the trigger point and the second connection.
  • the voltage drop in the resistance path can consequently be influenced as a function of the trigger point by a specific variation of the specific resistance over this resistance path, so that the triggering behavior of the switching element can be linearized, for example.
  • Such a switching element can consequently, with regard to its tripping behavior, i.e. its dynamics can be optimized for any application.
  • the varying specific resistance is generated by deliberately introducing a third resistance material into the second resistance material, the specific resistance of the third resistance material and the specific resistance of the second resistance material being different from one another, and the concentration of the third resistance material with the distance from the first point varies.
  • the specific resistance can be varied, for example, by introducing a low-resistance material, for example silver, into a high-resistance semiconductor material, the specific resistance 4
  • the sensor layer gets smaller with increasing amount of the introduced material.
  • the variation can also be carried out by introducing a high-resistance material in a layer of low-resistance material.
  • the third resistance material is preferably introduced into the second resistance material in the form of local enclosures. This type of introduction enables simple production of the sensor layer while at the same time controlling the concentration of the third resistance material in the sensor layer well.
  • the dependence of the concentration of the third resistance material can take place, for example, by a certain spatial arrangement of enclosures of the same extent or by a regular spatial arrangement of enclosures with a different extent or by a combination of the two.
  • the second resistance material preferably has a semiconductor material and the third resistance material has a substantially lower resistance than the second resistance material.
  • the semiconductor material can comprise, for example, a semiconductor ink used in the production of film pressure sensors, with which the required surface effect at the boundary layer with a release layer made of graphite can advantageously be brought about, while the third resistance material comprises silver.
  • the specific resistance of the sensor layer starting from the first point, for example the center of a round switching element, can increase proportionally in the radial direction with the distance to the first point.
  • the selected distance dimensions result from the desired sensor dynamics.
  • the enclosures are advantageously electrically isolated from the second electrical connection.
  • the enclosures are also preferably completely covered by the second resistance material on the side facing the release layer. 5 covers.
  • the cover layer made of second resistance material on the one hand prevents the release layer from directly switching through to the enclosures, on the other hand it serves as a protective layer against possible mechanical damage.
  • the trigger layer of the switching element can comprise a resistance material with a uniform resistivity. This is, for example, a graphite layer that can be easily produced in a screen printing process.
  • the triggering layer can be constructed similarly to the sensor layer, ie the triggering layer has a specific resistance which, starting from the first point, varies in the direction of the increasing contact area with the distance from the first point.
  • the course of the specific resistance in the triggering layer can correspond to the course of the specific resistance in the sensor layer or can have a completely different course.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through a first embodiment of a switching element in FIG
  • Fig.3 a view of a further distribution of inclusions in the
  • Sensor layer of the switching element Figure 4 a section through a second embodiment, in which the trigger layer also has a varying specific resistance
  • Figure 5 a switching element with an alternative triggering method.
  • the trigger layer 12 and the sensor layer 14 each have an electrical connection 16, 18 at their edge.
  • the resistance material of the trigger layer 12 and the resistance material of the sensor layer are matched to one another such that when the trigger layer 12 and the sensor layer 14 are contacted, the resistance of the boundary layer between the trigger layer 12 and the sensor layer 14 is essentially determined by the extent of the contact area.
  • the switching element When the switching element is triggered, the two carrier foils 10 are pressed together against their respective restoring force until the triggering layer 12 and the sensor layer 14 are contacted.
  • the contacting of the two layers will initially take place in the middle of the two layers, the contact surface expanding radially outward with increasing force on the switching element. Since the linear expansion of the contact area increases essentially linearly with the force exerted, the size of the contact area increases correspondingly quadratically with the force. In the case of a conventional switching element, this results in a tripping behavior in which the electrical resistance drops approximately quadratically with the force.
  • the switching element shown has enclosures 20 of a third resistance material, the third resistance material, for example silver, having a significantly lower specific resistance than the second resistance material.
  • the specific resistance of the sensor layer 14 can be changed with the distance from the center of the switching element such that the non-linear trigger described above 7 is balanced.
  • the enclosures 20 are arranged, for example, in rings around the center of the switching element, the distance between two adjacent rings increasing towards the outside.
  • the resistance of this resistance path is strongly dependent on the extent of the contact area, so that the triggering behavior mentioned above can be largely linearized. It should be noted here that, as an alternative to a linear tripping behavior, in which the electrical resistance of the switching element is proportional to the force exerted on the switching element, any suitable dependency is made possible in principle by a suitable arrangement of the enclosures 20.
  • FIG. 2 and 3 show various distributions of the enclosures 20, which likewise lead to a linearization of the triggering behavior of the switching element.
  • the enclosures 20 are arranged essentially in a radial manner, the radial distance between two adjacent enclosures being essentially constant, while the enclosures 20 of the embodiment in FIG. 3 are arranged on spiral tracks. It is common to all distributions that the amount of material introduced in a circular ring around the center decreases with the distance from the center.
  • Trigger layer 12 similar to the sensor layer 14 inclusions 20.
  • the inclusions 20 are arranged in the release layer 12 at different locations with respect to the center of the switching element than the inclusions 8th
  • FIG. 5 A distribution of the enclosures 20 is shown in FIG. 5, in which the enclosures are evenly distributed over the surface of the sensor layer 14. Such a distribution of the enclosure leads to a tripping behavior that is very similar to that of conventional switching elements.
  • the low-resistance material into the sensor layer, the influence of resistance fluctuations in the high-resistance second resistance material on the specific resistance of the respective layer is greatly reduced. As a result, quality differences between different switching elements in series production can be largely avoided.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Pressure Sensors (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément de commutation sous forme de feuille, comportant une couche de déclenchement, placée sur une première feuille support et constituée d'un premier matériau résistant, ainsi qu'une couche de détection, placée sur une deuxième feuille support et constituée d'un deuxième matériau résistant. Les deux feuilles support sont placées à une certaine distance l'une de l'autre au moyen d'un élément d'écartement, de sorte que la couche de déclenchement et la couche de détection se font face et ne sont pas en contact lorsque l'élément de commutation n'est pas actionné, tandis qu'elles sont en contact, tout d'abord en un premier point de leurs surfaces, lorsque l'élément de commutation est déclenché, la surface de contact augmentant au fur et à mesure que la pression exercée sur l'élément de commutation s'accroît. Le premier et le deuxième matériau résistant sont adaptés l'un à l'autre de sorte que lors de l'établissement du contact entre la couche de déclenchement et la couche de détection, la résistance de la couche limite entre la couche de déclenchement et la couche de détection est déterminée essentiellement par l'élargissement de la surface de contact. Selon l'invention, la couche de détection est conçue de sorte que sa résistance électrique spécifique varie, en partant du premier point de contact, en direction de la surface de contact qui s'accroît, avec la distance par rapport au premier point de contact, de sorte que l'on obtient des propriétés de déclenchement prédéterminées de l'élément de commutation en fonction de la pression exercée sur l'élément de commutation.
EP99906147A 1998-01-21 1999-01-18 Element de commutation sous forme de feuille Expired - Lifetime EP1050057B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU90200A LU90200B1 (de) 1998-01-21 1998-01-21 Schaltelement in Folienbauweise
LU90200 1998-01-21
PCT/EP1999/000260 WO1999038179A1 (fr) 1998-01-21 1999-01-18 Element de commutation sous forme de feuille

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1050057A1 true EP1050057A1 (fr) 2000-11-08
EP1050057B1 EP1050057B1 (fr) 2002-03-13

Family

ID=19731734

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99906147A Expired - Lifetime EP1050057B1 (fr) 1998-01-21 1999-01-18 Element de commutation sous forme de feuille

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (2) US6429668B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1050057B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002502082A (fr)
DE (1) DE59900979D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2172305T3 (fr)
LU (1) LU90200B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999038179A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8115648B2 (en) 2003-06-23 2012-02-14 Iee International Electronics & Engineering S.A. Seat occupancy sensor

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LU90200B1 (de) * 1998-01-21 1999-07-22 Iee Sarl Schaltelement in Folienbauweise
LU90783B1 (en) * 2001-05-28 2003-05-09 Ie Internat Electronics & Engi Foil-type switching element
JP4595267B2 (ja) * 2001-08-29 2010-12-08 アイシン精機株式会社 感圧スイッチ
EP1429353B1 (fr) * 2001-09-21 2011-11-16 Shin-Etsu Polymer Co., Ltd. Organe bouton-poussoir de commutation et procede de production
JP2005069968A (ja) * 2003-08-27 2005-03-17 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd 着座検出装置
US7584016B2 (en) * 2003-09-30 2009-09-01 Intrinsic Marks International Llc Item monitoring system and methods
US6964205B2 (en) * 2003-12-30 2005-11-15 Tekscan Incorporated Sensor with plurality of sensor elements arranged with respect to a substrate
DE102004005952A1 (de) * 2004-02-02 2005-08-25 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Bedieneinrichtung für ein Elektrogerät mit einem Bedien-Feld und einem Sensorelement darunter sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb der Bedieneinrichtung
JP4218614B2 (ja) * 2004-08-27 2009-02-04 アイシン精機株式会社 座席状態検出装置、車両用ヘッドランプの照射方向調節装置及び着座検出装置
JP2006064572A (ja) * 2004-08-27 2006-03-09 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd 座席状態検出装置、車両用ヘッドランプの照射方向調節装置及び着座検出装置
DE102004047516A1 (de) * 2004-09-28 2006-04-06 Carl Freudenberg Kg Sensor-Anordnung und Verwendungen einer Sensor-Anordnung
US7362225B2 (en) 2004-11-24 2008-04-22 Elesys North America Inc. Flexible occupant sensor and method of use
DE102005056882B4 (de) * 2005-01-24 2012-06-14 F.S. Fehrer Automotive Gmbh Kraftfahrzeugsitz mit Insassendetektor
US7594442B2 (en) * 2005-10-14 2009-09-29 T-Ink Tc Corp Resistance varying sensor using electrically conductive coated materials
US20070241895A1 (en) * 2006-04-13 2007-10-18 Morgan Kelvin L Noise reduction for flexible sensor material in occupant detection
WO2007124754A2 (fr) * 2006-05-01 2007-11-08 Linak A/S Meuble réglable électriquement
US8449156B2 (en) * 2009-02-22 2013-05-28 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Automotive interior hidden switching
US10363453B2 (en) 2011-02-07 2019-07-30 New Balance Athletics, Inc. Systems and methods for monitoring athletic and physiological performance
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2172305T3 (es) 2002-09-16
US6429668B1 (en) 2002-08-06
EP1050057B1 (fr) 2002-03-13
US6289747B1 (en) 2001-09-18
DE59900979D1 (de) 2002-04-18
WO1999038179A1 (fr) 1999-07-29
JP2002502082A (ja) 2002-01-22
LU90200B1 (de) 1999-07-22

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