EP1050057B1 - Element de commutation sous forme de feuille - Google Patents

Element de commutation sous forme de feuille Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1050057B1
EP1050057B1 EP99906147A EP99906147A EP1050057B1 EP 1050057 B1 EP1050057 B1 EP 1050057B1 EP 99906147 A EP99906147 A EP 99906147A EP 99906147 A EP99906147 A EP 99906147A EP 1050057 B1 EP1050057 B1 EP 1050057B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching element
layer
resistive material
point
sensor layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99906147A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1050057A1 (fr
Inventor
Karl Billen
Laurent Federspiel
Edgard Theiss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IEE International Electronics and Engineering SA
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IEE International Electronics and Engineering SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IEE International Electronics and Engineering SA filed Critical IEE International Electronics and Engineering SA
Publication of EP1050057A1 publication Critical patent/EP1050057A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1050057B1 publication Critical patent/EP1050057B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C10/00—Adjustable resistors
    • H01C10/10—Adjustable resistors adjustable by mechanical pressure or force
    • H01C10/12—Adjustable resistors adjustable by mechanical pressure or force by changing surface pressure between resistive masses or resistive and conductive masses, e.g. pile type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/702—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2239/00—Miscellaneous
    • H01H2239/078—Variable resistance by variable contact area or point

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a switching element in film construction, the when triggered generates a signal that is the size of the triggered area depends.
  • Such a switching element in film construction comprises a first carrier film which is a release layer made of a first resistance material, e.g. Graphite, is applied, and a second carrier film on which a sensor layer a second resistance material, e.g. a semiconductor material is.
  • the first resistance material and the second resistance material are matched to one another in such a way that when the triggering layer is contacted and the sensor layer the resistance of the interface between the Trigger layer and the sensor layer essentially by the expansion the contact area is determined.
  • the first carrier film and the second carrier film are of this type by means of spacers arranged at a certain distance from each other that the trigger layer and face the sensor layer and when not activated Switching element are not contacted.
  • Spacers arranged at a certain distance from each other that the trigger layer and face the sensor layer and when not activated Switching element are not contacted.
  • switching elements can be used, for example, as pressure sensors be used.
  • Such pressure sensors are inexpensive to manufacture and have become Practice proven to be extremely robust and reliable.
  • the trigger behavior or the dynamics of such pressure sensors for certain applications not suitable. While with the generally round sensors radial extent of the triggered area is essentially linear from the the switching element depends on the force exerted for the contact surface an essentially quadratic dependency. The resistance behavior of the sensor depending on the triggering force consequently has one of these quadratic dependence determined from what the sensors are for makes certain applications unsuitable.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore such a switching element to propose in foil construction that an adjustment of the triggering behavior to the respective purpose.
  • a switching element in Foil construction with a first carrier foil, on which a release layer a first resistance material is applied, the trigger layer has a first electrical connection, and a second carrier film a sensor layer made of a second resistance material is applied, wherein the sensor layer has a second electrical connection.
  • the first carrier film and the second carrier film are so in by spacers a certain distance apart that the release layer and face the sensor layer and when the switching element is not actuated are not in contact with each other while triggering the Switching element, the trigger layer and the sensor layer initially in one first point of their surface to be contacted and the contact surface increases with increasing pressure on the switching element.
  • the first Resistance material and the second resistance material are on top of each other matched that when contacting the trigger layer and the sensor layer the resistance of the interface between the trigger layer and the Sensor layer essentially determined by the size of the contact area becomes.
  • the sensor layer is designed such that it specific electrical resistance, starting from the first point, in Direction of increasing contact area with the distance from the The first point varies, that there is a predetermined triggering behavior of the switching element depending on the pressure force acting on the switching element results.
  • the triggering behavior of such a switching element is, in addition to the resistance the boundary layer between the trigger layer and the sensor layer, also due to the resistance in the sensor layer between the trigger point and the second electrical connection.
  • One at a trigger point electrical signal introduced into the sensor layer via the boundary layer e.g. an electrical voltage, in fact, must cross the resistance path drain between the trigger point and the second connection.
  • Resistance path can consequently be the voltage drop in the resistance path depending on the trigger point, so that the trigger behavior of the switching element can be linearized, for example.
  • switching element can consequently, with regard to its tripping behavior, i.e. its dynamics can be optimized for any application.
  • the one that varies specific resistance through targeted introduction of a third resistance material generated in the second resistance material, the specific Resistance of the third resistance material and the specific resistance of the second resistance material are different from each other, and wherein Concentration of the third resistance material at a distance from that first point varies.
  • the variation in resistivity can for example by introducing a low-resistance material, e.g. Silver, in a high-resistance semiconductor material take place, the specific resistance the sensor layer with increasing amount of the introduced material smaller becomes.
  • the variation can also be achieved by introducing a high-resistance Material in a layer made of low-resistance material.
  • the third resistance material is preferably in the form of local enclosures introduced into the second resistance material. This type of contribution enables a simple production of the sensor layer with a good one Check the concentration of the third resistance material in the sensor layer.
  • the dependence of the concentration of the third resistance material can, for example, by a certain spatial arrangement of Enclosures of the same extent or by regular spatial Arrangement of enclosures with different dimensions or through a combination of the two.
  • the second resistance material preferably has a semiconductor material and the third resistance material has a much lower resistance on as the second resistance material.
  • the semiconductor material can for example one used in the manufacture of film pressure sensors Include semiconductor ink with the required area effect at the interface to a release layer made of graphite can advantageously be brought about while the third resistance material comprises silver.
  • the specific resistance of the Sensor layer starting from the first point for example the center a round switching element, in the radial direction proportional to that Increase the distance to the first point.
  • the selected distance dimensions result from the desired sensor dynamics.
  • the enclosures are advantageously electrical from the second electrical Insulated connection. This prevents the switching element due to of inclusions that extend into the boundary layer between the trigger layer and extend the sensor layer, fully switched on and a pressure detection becomes impossible.
  • the enclosures are also on the release layer facing Side preferably completely covered by the second resistance material.
  • the cover layer made of second resistance material prevents on the one hand direct switching of the trigger layer to the enclosures, on the other hand, it serves as a protective layer against any mechanical Damage.
  • the triggering layer of the switching element can have a resistance material uniform resistivity. It is about in this case, for example, a graphite layer that is in a screen printing process can be easily manufactured.
  • the Trigger layer similar to the sensor layer i.e. the trigger layer has a specific resistance which, starting from the first point, in the direction of the increasing contact area with the distance varied from the first point.
  • the course of the specific resistance in the Triggering layer can be the course of the specific resistance in the Correspond to the sensor layer or have a completely different course.
  • Fig. 1 is a section through a round switching element in film construction shown that generates a signal when triggered, the size of the triggered area depends.
  • a Carrier film On a Carrier film is a release layer 12 made of a first resistance material, e.g. Graphite applied while a sensor layer on the other carrier film 14 made of a second resistance material, e.g. a semiconductor ink, as used in the production of film pressure sensors, which faces the release layer 12.
  • the trigger layer 12 and the sensor layer 14 each have an electrical connection at their edge 16, 18 on.
  • the resistance material of the trigger layer 12 and the resistance material the sensor layer are matched to one another in such a way that when contacting the trigger layer 12 and the sensor layer 14 the resistance of the Boundary layer between the trigger layer 12 and the sensor layer 14 in the is essentially determined by the extent of the contact area.
  • the two carrier foils 10 When the switching element is triggered, the two carrier foils 10 are countered their respective restoring force is compressed until the contacting the trigger layer 12 and the sensor layer 14 takes place. Contacting the The two layers are initially in the middle of the two layers take place, the contact surface with increasing force on the switching element extends radially outwards. Because the linear extent of the contact area grows substantially linearly with the force exerted, the grows The size of the contact surface is correspondingly square with the force. hereby in the case of a conventional switching element there is a tripping behavior at which the electrical resistance drops approximately quadratically with the force.
  • the switching element shown has a linearization of this tripping behavior Inclusions 20 of a third resistance material, wherein the third resistance material, e.g. Silver, a much lower specific Has resistance than the second resistance material.
  • the third resistance material e.g. Silver
  • the second resistance material e.g. Silver
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show different distributions of the enclosures 20 shown, which also leads to a linearization of the triggering behavior of the Guide switching element.
  • the inclusions 20 are essentially arranged radially, the radial distance between two neighboring Inclusions is essentially consistent throughout the Inclusions 20 of the configuration of Figure 3 arranged on spiral tracks are. All distributions have in common that the amount of each in one Circular ring around the center of the material introduced with the distance from the Center decreases.
  • Trigger layer 12 similar to the sensor layer 14 inclusions 20.
  • the inclusions 20 are in the release layer 12 at other locations arranged with respect to the center of the switching element as the enclosures in the sensor layer 14. In this way, an even more complex Adjustment of the trigger behavior to a given task.
  • FIG. 5 shows a distribution of the enclosures 20 in which the Inclusions evenly distributed over the surface of the sensor layer 14 are.
  • Such a distribution of the confinement leads to a trigger behavior, which is very similar to conventional switching elements.
  • the low-resistance material into the sensor layer Influence of resistance fluctuations in the high-resistance second resistance material strongly on the specific resistance of the respective layer reduced. This can cause quality differences between different Switching elements in series production are largely avoided.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Pressure Sensors (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Elément de commutation sous forme de feuille, comprenant
    une première feuille de support (10) sur laquelle est appliquée une couche de déclenchement (12) faite d'un premier matériau résistif, la couche de déclenchement (12) étant pourvue d'une première connexion électrique (16),
    une seconde feuille de support (10) sur laquelle est appliquée une couche de capteur (14) faite d'un second matériau résistif, la couche de capteur (14) étant pourvue d'une seconde connexion électrique (18),
    la première feuille de support et la seconde feuille de support étant disposées à une certaine distance Tune de l'autre grâce à des écarteurs (11), de manière à ce que la couche de déclenchement (12) et la couche de capteur (14) soient situées l'une en face de l'autre et ne soient pas mises en contact l'une avec l'autre lorsque l'élément de commutation n'est pas actionné,
    le premier matériau résistif et le second matériau résistif étant adaptés l'un à l'autre de manière à ce que, lors de la mise en contact de la couche de déclenchement (12) et de la couche de capteur (14), la résistance de la couche limite entre la couche de déclenchement (12) et
    la couche de capteur (14) soit déterminée essentiellement par la grandeur de la surface de contact, et
    la couche de déclenchement et la couche de capteur étant d'abord mises en contact l'une avec l'autre en un premier point de leur surface, lors du déclenchement de l'élément de commutation, et la surface de contact augmentant à mesure que la pression sur l'élément de commutation augmente,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la couche de capteur (14) est exécutée de manière à ce que sa résistance électrique spécifique, à partir du premier point, varie de telle sorte avec la distance par rapport au premier point, dans la direction de la surface de contact croissante, que l'on obtienne un comportement de déclenchement prédéterminé de l'élément de commutation en fonction de la pression agissant sur l'élément de commutation.
  2. Elément de commutation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la résistance spécifique variable est obtenue par l'introduction ciblée d'un troisième matériau résistif dans le second matériau résistif, la résistance spécifique du troisième matériau résistif et la résistance spécifique du second matériau résistif étant différentes l'une de l'autre, et la concentration du troisième matériau résistif variant avec la distance par rapport au premier point.
  3. Elément de commutation selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le troisième matériau résistif est introduit dans le second matériau résistif sous la forme d'inclusions (20) locales.
  4. Elément de commutation selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la répartition des inclusions (20) locales dans le second matériau résistif varie avec la distance par rapport au premier point.
  5. Elément de commutation selon l'une des revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que la dimension des inclusions (20) locales varie avec la distance par rapport au premier point.
  6. Elément de commutation selon l'une des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le second matériau résistif comprend un matériau semi-conducteur et en ce que le troisième matériau résistif a une résistance substantiellement réduite par rapport au second matériau résistif.
  7. Elément de commutation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la résistance spécifique de la couche de capteur augmente, dans la direction radiale, avec la distance par rapport au premier point.
  8. Elément de commutation selon l'une des revendications 3 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les inclusions (20) sont isolées électriquement de la seconde connexion électrique.
  9. Elément de commutation selon l'une des revendications 3 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les inclusions (20) sont complètement couvertes par le second matériau résistif sur le côté tourné vers la couche de déclenchement (12).
  10. Elément de commutation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de déclenchement (12) a une résistance spécifique qui, à partir du premier point, varie avec la distance par rapport au premier point dans la direction de la surface de contact croissante.
EP99906147A 1998-01-21 1999-01-18 Element de commutation sous forme de feuille Expired - Lifetime EP1050057B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU90200A LU90200B1 (de) 1998-01-21 1998-01-21 Schaltelement in Folienbauweise
LU90200 1998-01-21
PCT/EP1999/000260 WO1999038179A1 (fr) 1998-01-21 1999-01-18 Element de commutation sous forme de feuille

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1050057A1 EP1050057A1 (fr) 2000-11-08
EP1050057B1 true EP1050057B1 (fr) 2002-03-13

Family

ID=19731734

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99906147A Expired - Lifetime EP1050057B1 (fr) 1998-01-21 1999-01-18 Element de commutation sous forme de feuille

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (2) US6429668B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1050057B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002502082A (fr)
DE (1) DE59900979D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2172305T3 (fr)
LU (1) LU90200B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999038179A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6964205B2 (en) 2003-12-30 2005-11-15 Tekscan Incorporated Sensor with plurality of sensor elements arranged with respect to a substrate
US7362225B2 (en) 2004-11-24 2008-04-22 Elesys North America Inc. Flexible occupant sensor and method of use

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EP1636071B1 (fr) 2003-06-23 2007-02-21 IEE INTERNATIONAL ELECTRONICS & ENGINEERING S.A. Capteur permettant de detecter l'occupation d'un siege
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JP4218614B2 (ja) * 2004-08-27 2009-02-04 アイシン精機株式会社 座席状態検出装置、車両用ヘッドランプの照射方向調節装置及び着座検出装置
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6964205B2 (en) 2003-12-30 2005-11-15 Tekscan Incorporated Sensor with plurality of sensor elements arranged with respect to a substrate
US7362225B2 (en) 2004-11-24 2008-04-22 Elesys North America Inc. Flexible occupant sensor and method of use

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2172305T3 (es) 2002-09-16
US6429668B1 (en) 2002-08-06
EP1050057A1 (fr) 2000-11-08
US6289747B1 (en) 2001-09-18
DE59900979D1 (de) 2002-04-18
WO1999038179A1 (fr) 1999-07-29
JP2002502082A (ja) 2002-01-22
LU90200B1 (de) 1999-07-22

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