EP1042517B1 - Anordnung zur ladung von gutträgern für thermische ofenbehandlungen - Google Patents

Anordnung zur ladung von gutträgern für thermische ofenbehandlungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1042517B1
EP1042517B1 EP98959989A EP98959989A EP1042517B1 EP 1042517 B1 EP1042517 B1 EP 1042517B1 EP 98959989 A EP98959989 A EP 98959989A EP 98959989 A EP98959989 A EP 98959989A EP 1042517 B1 EP1042517 B1 EP 1042517B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spacers
trays
tray
base
loading
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98959989A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1042517A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Maumus
Guy Martin
Jean-Roch Vivier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA
SNECMA SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA, SNECMA SAS filed Critical Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA
Publication of EP1042517A1 publication Critical patent/EP1042517A1/de
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Publication of EP1042517B1 publication Critical patent/EP1042517B1/de
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
    • C21D9/0025—Supports; Baskets; Containers; Covers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D5/00—Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D5/00—Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace
    • F27D5/0006—Composite supporting structures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for loading, or tool, intended to support parts in a heat treatment furnace.
  • a particular, but not exclusive, area of application of the invention is that of tools for supporting parts to be treated in a cementation furnace.
  • thermostructural composite material at the place of a metallic material, to make hearths of heat treatment.
  • Several soles can be provided, spaced from each other by spacers also made made of thermostructural composite material.
  • the composite material used is a carbon / carbon (C / C) composite material or a ceramic matrix composite material (CMC) whose properties mechanical make them suitable for constituting structural elements and which retain these properties up to high temperatures.
  • the charging device described in the document EP-A-0 518 746 is not suitable for carrying out a optimal loading, as may be desired when relatively large number of identical parts must be processed.
  • this device known does not lend itself to the robotization of loading operations and unloading of parts.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks of the devices of the prior art and proposes to this effect a loading device made of composite material thermostructural and comprising: a base; an integral load mast of the base, projecting from a central part of the base, and extending over at least the entire height of the loading device; a plurality loading platforms provided with a central passage to allow the loading mast passage; each load tray carrying several columns allowing the successive mounting of the trays to predetermined intervals, the columns carried by each tray being in the same number and being aligned so as to constitute, after the mounting of the plates, load recovery columns extending over the height of the loading device, and at least one of the balusters carried by each tray having a layout and / or a dimension different from other balusters carried by the same tray in order to allow indexing of the plates during their assembly.
  • the loading device due to its realization in thermostructural composite material, and the presence of means indexing of the platforms, makes it possible to satisfy the conditions of stability dimensional and precision required for robotic operations loading and unloading of parts to be treated.
  • each tray has means of positioning of parts in predetermined locations.
  • the loading device comprises first trays on which the parts positioning means occupy a first position relative to the balusters, and second trays on which the parts positioning means occupy a second position, different from the first, with respect to columns. These first trays alternate with the second trays, so that the parts positioning means are not not all aligned vertically.
  • Each tray has means of reception of balusters suitable for receiving baluster ends carried by a tray located below.
  • a column On each tray, a column at least has a different arrangement with respect to the axis of the mast of the other colorinettes and at least one baluster has a different dimension compared to the other balusters, so that two identical trays cannot be mounted one immediately above on the other and that the plates can only be mounted in the angular positions required around the mast axis.
  • the means of positioning may include at least part of the balusters.
  • Each tray has means for receiving suitable balusters to receive ends of balusters carried by a tray located below.
  • At least one column on each tray has a layout relative to the axis of the mast different from that of the other columns, and / or a different dimension from that of the other balusters, so that the trays can only be mounted in angular positions predetermined with respect to the axis of the mast.
  • the columns protruding from the base and the plates can be in the form of independent elements or, preferably, in the form of elements integral with the base or the plate which carries them.
  • the loading device, or tool, partially illustrated by Figure 1 is intended for loading a set of parts identical, for example steel pinions 10 (shown diagrammatically by rings) for motor vehicles, in order to subject them to a carburizing treatment in an oven.
  • steel pinions 10 shown diagrammatically by rings
  • the loading device comprises a horizontal base 20, from the center of which projects a vertical load mast 30 and a plurality of horizontal plates 40 spaced along the mast 30 and separated from each other by means of columns 50 forming spacers.
  • the base 20, which supports the entire load, has a shape circular and is provided with openings 21 which make it possible to lighten and facilitate gas circulation.
  • the load mast 30 is terminated at its free end by a gripping head 31 connected to the rest of the mast by a portion of diameter reduced 32 forming a groove, the head 31 allowing the gripping of the whole load by a handling tool or machine automatic.
  • Trays 40 (not all shown), thick significantly less than that of the base 20, are part of a circular outline having substantially the same diameter as the base.
  • Each tray has a central passage 41, for the passage of the mast 30, and openings 42. These openings open the tray, reducing its mass and its thermal inertia, and favor the circulation of gas over the entire height of the stack. However, when the trays are in place, the openings 42 of the plates are not exactly aligned to avoid a "chimney" effect for gas circulation.
  • the parts 10 to be treated (not all shown) are arranged on each tray in predetermined locations.
  • groups of pawns 45 are mounted in orifices formed in trays.
  • the pawns 45 for example the number three, fit inside the internal circumference of a part 10.
  • the balusters 50 are carried by the base and each plate, and integral with these, for example by gluing and / or insertion of their lower end into orifices formed in the base or each plate.
  • the columns 50 are terminated by a cylindrical part, or head, 51 of reduced diameter which engages in an orifice of corresponding diameter formed in the immediately upper plate, this engagement being facilitated by the frustoconical shape given to the heads 51 at their upper ends.
  • the base and each plate carry 4 small columns distributed at regular angular intervals around the axis, but their number could be different, while being at least equal to 3.
  • the small columns carried by the base can be of reduced height, when the base does not have workpiece support means.
  • the base with means for supporting parts and balusters, in the same way as the plates 40 b , when the first plate mounted on the base is a plate 40 a , or vice versa, l 'base then constituting a loading plate.
  • the plates are of two types 40 a , 40 b arranged alternately. They differ from each other by the position of the workpiece supports relative to the balusters.
  • the plates 40 a have eight piece supports arranged at regular intervals around the axis of the plate, each piece support being on a radius making an angle of ⁇ / 8 with the radius on which find the nearest baluster.
  • the plates 40 b have eight coin supports arranged at regular intervals around the axis of the plate, each coin support being on a radius making an angle of 0 ° or ⁇ / 4 with the radius on which the nearest column.
  • Keying and indexing means make it possible to mount the plates by means of robots in the desired order (40 a , 40 b , 40 a , 40 b , ...) from the base and respecting the desired angular position around the axis of the mast 30.
  • the column heads As a polarizing means, it is possible to give at least one of the column heads a diameter different from that of the other column heads carried by the same plate or base.
  • two opposite columns 50 1 , 50 2 carried by a plate 40 a have heads of diameter larger than that of the heads of the other columns 50 3 , 50 4
  • the two opposite columns 50 1 , 50 2 carried by the base or a plate 40 b have heads of diameter smaller than that of the heads of the other balusters 50 3 , 50 4 .
  • each plate or the base As a means of angular indexing, it is possible to give at least one of the columns carried by each plate or the base a position different from that of the other columns carried by the same plate or base, for example by placing the columns at the tops of a non-regular polygon.
  • one (50 1 ) of the columns is located at a distance from the axis of the mast 30 greater than the distance at which the other columns are located.
  • the load consists of mounting the plates 40 a , 40 b successively on the base and, each time a plate is mounted, filling it with pieces 10 by placing these around each group of pins 45.
  • the plates can be furnished with parts 10 before they are assembled.
  • the first and the last plate of the assembly mounted on the base are of the same type, for example 40 a , as in the example illustrated. In this way, in the case where the plates have to be transferred one by one from a first base to a second, the first plate removed is also the first reinstalled. The total number of trays is therefore odd.
  • the angular positions of the plates are such that all the columns carried by the base and each tray is in the same arrangement, so that the balusters are aligned, and form columns extending over the entire height of the loading.
  • Each tray then only has to support its own load (and not also that of the trays located above), so that the trays may have the same thickness less than that of the base.
  • the workpiece supports are not vertically aligned, being angularly offset by ⁇ / 8 between two successive trays. In this way, the parts to be treated are better distributed in the oven and the formation of gas streams likely to cause inhomogeneous treatment of the parts is avoided.
  • the dimensional stability of the main components loading device (base 20, mast 30, trays 40, balusters 50), necessary to obtain the precision required for robotization loading and unloading, is achieved by performing these elements in thermostructural composite material.
  • the composite materials that can be used are the materials carbon / carbon composites (C / C) and matrix composite materials ceramic (CMC).
  • the C / C composites are obtained by performing a carbon fiber fibrous preform and densification of the preform by formation of a carbon matrix within its porosity.
  • the matrix carbon can be obtained by liquid, i.e. by impregnation of the preform by means of a liquid composition (such as a resin) carbon precursor and heat treatment to transform the carbon precursor, or by gas, that is to say by infiltration chemical vapor phase.
  • CMCs are obtained by performing a fiber preform in refractory fibers, for example carbon fibers or ceramic, and densification of the preform by forming a ceramic matrix within its porosity.
  • the ceramic matrix for example made of silicon carbide (SiC) can be obtained by liquid or by chemical vapor infiltration.
  • the surfaces of these parts in contact may be coated with a metal strip or provided with a non-stick coating, for example made of boron nitride (BN).
  • BN boron nitride
  • the BN coating can be obtained by chemical vapor deposition, surface parts not to be coated being masked.
  • the pins 25 constituting the workpiece supports can be made of metal, for example steel. They are advantageously set with cold in their homes. Pawns can be coated with copper, for example example by electrolytic copper plating to avoid sticking with steel parts to be treated.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates another embodiment of a device loading according to the invention, more particularly intended for support for elongated parts 110 of revolution, such as hollow steel drive shafts for motor vehicles, for subject them to a case hardening treatment in an oven.
  • elongated parts 110 of revolution such as hollow steel drive shafts for motor vehicles
  • Horizontal plates 140 are mounted at predetermined intervals around the mast 130 while being spaced to each other by means of balusters 150 (not all shown) also forming supports for the parts 110 (not all represented).
  • the columns 150 are in the form of independent rods which are plugged at their base into holes formed in the tray which supports them and whose frustoconical free end engages in a socket 143 formed under an upper plate.
  • the plates 140 are of two types 140 a , 140 b arranged alternately in two different angular positions relative to the axis of the mast 130 which passes through central passages 141 of the plates, the total number of plates preferably being odd, as in the first embodiment.
  • each baluster 150 extends between two plates occupying the same angular position (for example two plates 140 a ), passing through openings or cutouts 142 formed in the plate (140 b ) angularly offset and located between these two plates (140 a ).
  • each column extends over a height substantially equal to twice the distance between consecutive plates, which allows to support parts of relatively large length, while optimizing the loading. It may be envisaged to use balusters extending between two plates between which are arranged a number n of plates. The plates are then distributed into a number of different groups equal to n , the plates of the same group occupying the same particular angular position different from that of the other groups.
  • the base and the lower plate 140 a carry special columns 151 which make it possible to respectively support the lower plate 140 a and the lower plate 140 b in desired angular positions.
  • balusters 150 (and of the sockets 143) carried by a plate 140 a or 140 b are different, in particular with respect to the axis of the mast 130, so as to impose the angular position of the plate of the same type situated above .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Beladungsvorrichtung zum Halten von einer Wärmebehandlung in einem Ofen zu unterziehenden Werkstücken, umfassend mehrere Tabletts, die voneinander durch Verstrebungen bildende Distanzstücke getrennt sind; eine Basis (20; 120); einen Ladepfosten (30; 130), der einstückig mit der Basis ausgebildet ist und von einem Mittelteil der Basis hochsteht, um sich über zumindest die gesamte Höhe der Beladungsvorrichtung zu erstrecken; eine Mehrzahl von Ladetabletts (40; 140), die mit einem Mitteldurchgang ausgestattet ist, durch den hindurch sich der Ladepfosten bei der Montage der Tabletts erstreckt; wobei jedes Ladetablett mehrere Distanzstücke (50; 150; 151) aufweist, die einen sukzessiven Aufbau der Tabletts in vorbestimmten Intervallen ermöglichen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung aus einem bei Wärmeeinfluss strukturbeständigen Kompositmaterial besteht, und dass die von jedem Tablett getragenen Distanzstücke gleiche Anzahl aufweisen und derart miteinander ausgerichtet sind, dass nach dem Zusammenbau der Tabletts sich über die Höhe der Beladungsvorrichtung Lastaufnahmesäulen erstrecken, und dass mindestens eines der von jedem Tablett getragenen Distanzstücke eine Lage und/oder Abmessung aufweist, die sich von der Lage bzw. der Abmessung der übrigen, von demselben Tablett getragenen Distanzstücke unterscheidet, damit eine Indexierung der Tabletts bei ihrer Montage möglich ist.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedes Tablett (40; 140) eine Aufnahmeeinrichtung für Distanzstücke (50) aufweist, ausgebildet zur Aufnahme der Enden der Distanzstücke, die von einem darunter befindlichen Tablett getragen werden.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedes Tablett (40; 140) an vorbestimmten Stellen Werkstück-Positioniereinrichtungen (45; 150) aufweist.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beladungsvorrichtung erste Tabletts (40a) aufweist, auf denen die Werkstück-Positioniereinrichtungen eine erste Position in Bezug auf die Distanzstücke (50) einnehmen, und zweite Tabletts (40b) aufweist, auf denen die Werkstück-Positioniereinrichtungen eine zweite, von der ersten Position verschiedene Position in Bezug auf die Distanzstücke einnehmen, und dass die ersten Tabletts mit den zweiten Tabletts derart abwechseln, dass die Werkstück-Positioniereinrichtungen nicht sämtlich vertikal miteinander fluchten.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf jedem Tablett mindestens ein Distanzstück eine Lage bezüglich der Pfostenachse hat, die sich von derjenigen der übrigen Distanzstücke unterscheidet, und mindestens ein Distanzstück eine Abmessung aufweist, die sich von der der anderen Distanzstücke unterscheidet, derart, dass zwei identische Tabletts nicht unmittelbar übereinander montiert werden können und die Tabletts nur in den erforderlichen Winkelstellungen bezüglich der Pfostenachse montiert werden können.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Positioniereinrichtungen mindestens einen Teil der Distanzstücke (150) umfassen.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Distanzstücke (50; 150, 151) einstückig mit dem Tablett sind, welches sie trägt.
  8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf jedem Tablett mindestens ein Distanzstück eine Lage bezüglich der Pfostenachse besitzt, die sich von derjenigen der übrigen Distanzstücke unterscheidet, und/oder eine andere Abmessung als die übrigen Distanzstücke aufweist, derart, dass identische Tabletts nur in vorbestimmten Winkelstellungen bezüglich der Pfostenachse montiert werden können.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beladungsvorrichtung eine ungerade Anzahl von Tabletts aufweist.
  10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die von der Basis und von jedem Tablett getragenen Distanzstücke sich an den Spitzen eines unregelmäßigen Polygons befinden.
  11. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedes von jedem Tablett getragene Distanzstück an seinem Ende einen Abschnitt aufweist, der dazu ausgebildet ist, in eine entsprechende Vertiefung eines darüber befindlichen Tabletts einzugreifen.
  12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eines der von jedem Tablett getragenen Distanzstücke an seinem Ende einen Abschnitt verringerter Abmessung aufweist, der sich von den Abschnitten verringerter Abmessung unterscheidet, die die Enden der übrigen von demselben Tablett getragenen Distanzstücke besitzen.
  13. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Distanzstücke (150) sich zwischen zwei Tabletts (140) erstrecken, zwischen denen sich ein oder mehrere Tabletts befinden, wobei die Tabletts mehrere Gruppen bilden, und die zu einer Gruppe gehörigen Tabletts die gleiche Winkelstellung belegen, die sich von derjenigen der anderen Gruppe unterscheidet.
  14. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Basis ein Ladetablett bildet.
EP98959989A 1997-12-15 1998-12-15 Anordnung zur ladung von gutträgern für thermische ofenbehandlungen Expired - Lifetime EP1042517B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9715842A FR2772467B1 (fr) 1997-12-15 1997-12-15 Dispositif de chargement pour le support de pieces a traiter thermiquement dans un four
FR9715842 1997-12-15
PCT/FR1998/002732 WO1999031284A1 (fr) 1997-12-15 1998-12-15 Dispositif de chargement pour le support de pieces a traiter thermiquement dans un four

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1042517A1 EP1042517A1 (de) 2000-10-11
EP1042517B1 true EP1042517B1 (de) 2003-01-08

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EP98959989A Expired - Lifetime EP1042517B1 (de) 1997-12-15 1998-12-15 Anordnung zur ladung von gutträgern für thermische ofenbehandlungen

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US6318571B1 (de)
EP (1) EP1042517B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3977595B2 (de)
KR (1) KR100562459B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE230804T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2315169C (de)
DE (1) DE69810662T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2190124T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2772467B1 (de)
RU (1) RU2220394C2 (de)
WO (1) WO1999031284A1 (de)

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DE102017121830A1 (de) 2017-09-20 2019-03-21 Ebner Industrieofenbau Gmbh Portable Trägervorrichtung für eine Ofencharge und Handhabungssystem für die Trägervorrichtung
DE102018103145A1 (de) * 2018-02-13 2019-08-14 Ebner Industrieofenbau Gmbh Anordnung mit mehreren Temperierstationen zur Wärmebehandlung von Bauteilen und deren Handhabung
RU2686993C1 (ru) * 2018-05-07 2019-05-06 Открытое акционерное общество "Всероссийский институт легких сплавов" (ОАО "ВИЛС") Устройство для удержания проволоки в печи термообработки
RU2768675C1 (ru) * 2021-02-18 2022-03-24 Казанское публичное акционерное общество "Органический синтез" Устройство для фиксации изделий при термообработке
US20220299268A1 (en) * 2021-03-16 2022-09-22 Ssi Sintered Specialties, Llc Racking system for use in continuous sintering furnaces
CN113416824B (zh) * 2021-06-02 2022-09-13 重庆南雁实业集团龙剑机械制造有限公司 一种变速箱齿轮轴淬火工装
CN118480668B (zh) * 2024-07-11 2024-10-11 安徽瑞林精科股份有限公司 一种汽车阀体零件回火处理设备

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US5458243A (en) * 1994-09-15 1995-10-17 Mcbride; Stanley B. Multiple stack-tray assembly
US6062398A (en) * 1999-07-21 2000-05-16 Thalmayr; Hermann Insert for holding test tubes in a conveyor capsule of a pneumatic tube conveyor system

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Publication number Publication date
FR2772467B1 (fr) 2000-03-10
FR2772467A1 (fr) 1999-06-18
WO1999031284A1 (fr) 1999-06-24
ES2190124T3 (es) 2003-07-16
ATE230804T1 (de) 2003-01-15
US6318571B1 (en) 2001-11-20
KR20010024719A (ko) 2001-03-26
EP1042517A1 (de) 2000-10-11
JP3977595B2 (ja) 2007-09-19
CA2315169C (en) 2008-02-19
DE69810662D1 (de) 2003-02-13
CA2315169A1 (en) 1999-06-24
RU2220394C2 (ru) 2003-12-27
KR100562459B1 (ko) 2006-03-20
DE69810662T2 (de) 2003-11-13
JP2002508444A (ja) 2002-03-19

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