EP1038290B1 - Ultraschallwandler mit topförmiger halterung - Google Patents
Ultraschallwandler mit topförmiger halterung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1038290B1 EP1038290B1 EP98962245A EP98962245A EP1038290B1 EP 1038290 B1 EP1038290 B1 EP 1038290B1 EP 98962245 A EP98962245 A EP 98962245A EP 98962245 A EP98962245 A EP 98962245A EP 1038290 B1 EP1038290 B1 EP 1038290B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- ultrasonic transducer
- substance
- transducer according
- piezoelectric disk
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005662 electromechanics Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002323 Silicone foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013514 silicone foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
- G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated
- G10K9/122—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated using piezoelectric driving means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a Ultrasonic transducer for use as a transmitter and receiver in pulse-echo applications where the transmission medium for the sound wave is air.
- a special area of application of the ultrasonic transducer as Sensor affects the automotive sector.
- Converters for object detection within a Vehicle interior for example to control the Airbag ignition during an accident.
- Vibration mode of the converter has here Bending vibration of a membrane shown. to A round piezoceramic disc generates vibrations glued centrally on the back of a membrane. By Applying an electric field will make the ceramic too radial vibrations excited. Because of a stiff There is an adhesive connection with the membrane Bending vibration of the overall system. On the back of the Membrane is still a piece of foam to dampen the Provided vibration.
- DE-A-34 41 684 describes an ultrasonic transducer the preamble of claim 1 known, in which the Diameter of the piezoceramic disc almost 100% of the Diameter of the membrane and a foam layer is applied to the back of the piezoceramic disc, which, however, does not completely cover them (see also US Pat. No. 4,437,032).
- the parameters of the ultrasonic vibration are determined by the elastic and other mechanical properties of the overall system.
- the elastic properties of the materials used and the geometric dimensions of the components used have an influence on the resonance frequency, the opening angle of the sound beam, the quality of the vibration and the sensitivity of the sensor. A large number of influencing factors, which also influence one another, therefore determine the physical transducer properties.
- the object of the present invention is therefore a Ultrasonic transducer and a method for its production specify the high at a large opening angle Has sensitivity with the lowest possible quality.
- the Transducers are said to continue in a robust, resilient Housing executable and cheap in large quantities be producible.
- an ultrasonic transducer proposed in which a membrane in a holder arranged and a piezoelectric disc on a rear major surface of the membrane is applied.
- the Diameter of the piezoelectric disc is between 60% and 85% of the diameter of the membrane, so that a Remaining area of the membrane is not from the piezoelectric Disc is covered.
- On the back main surface of the A first substance is foamed in such a way that the membrane piezoelectric disc and the remaining surface of the membrane of the first fabric is completely covered.
- the bracket of the ultrasonic transducer which at the same time forms the housing, can be in one piece with the membrane made of a material such as aluminum or one Aluminum alloy (e.g. AlCuMgPb), inexpensively manufactured become.
- a bracket that with the membrane cup-shaped structure a robust, against mechanical influences from the outside provide a robust converter.
- the converter can with simple procedures, for example through a Extrusion processes are manufactured and therefore meets the Requirements for an inexpensive production in high Quantities.
- the thickness and the diameter of the ceramic, the thickness and the diameter of the membrane and the overall height of the aluminum housing have a significant influence on the properties of the transducer.
- the center frequency f of the ultrasonic transducer is proportional to the ratio of the square membrane diameter D M 2 and membrane thickness d M.
- the ceramic thickness d K is in turn proportional to the center frequency f, the relationship depending on the particular design.
- the sensitivity and the associated mechanical quality of the vibration can also be influenced by the material on the back of the ceramic (first material).
- a special ultrasonic transducer for use in object detection within a vehicle interior operates at a center frequency of 70 kHz. At this frequency, the opening angle of the 6dB sound beam should be as large as possible. In such a system there is a requirement that all essential objects with the different surface structures and materials reflect a detectable echo signal back in the direction of the transducer. The sensitivity of the converter must therefore be as high as possible.
- a converter with a membrane diameter of 8.85 ⁇ 0.02 mm, a membrane thickness of 0.83 ⁇ 0.02 mm and a ceramic thickness of 0.26 ⁇ 0.01 mm has proven particularly advantageous for this application.
- a cylindrical holder with a wall thickness of at least 2.85 mm and a height of, for example, 6.83 mm is used in such a converter. However, it goes without saying that smaller or larger heights of the holder are quite possible.
- the developed sensor fits without further changes the control electronics into an existing one Busy detection system in a motor vehicle.
- the first material foamed on the back of the membrane preferably consists of open-celled, soft material, for example polyurethane foam or silicone foam.
- Particularly advantageous transducer properties are achieved with polyurethane foam with a compression hardness (DIN 53577) of ⁇ 9 kPa and an acoustic loss factor (DIN 53426) of ⁇ 1.0.
- piezoelectric disk a piezoceramic with a relative dielectric constant of> 2500, a radial electromechanical coupling factor of> 0.5 and one mechanical quality of ⁇ 300 used.
- Ultrasonic transducer is initially a cup-shaped holder Made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, the bottom of which one Forms membrane, for example by means of a Extrusion process made. On the back of the A piezoelectric disc is glued to the membrane mechanical and electrical contact to the membrane manufacture. One end will be on the piezoelectric disc soldered a thin wire. Finally, a first one Fabric in the pot-shaped holder on the back of the Foamed membrane, so that membrane and piezoelectric Disc are completely covered by the fabric.
- the ultrasonic transducer according to the invention is of course also for other air-ultrasound applications, the similar boundary conditions to the essential ones Specify converter properties, for example for Distance measurement or position detection systems, excellently suited. Because of the wide sound beam the sensor is particularly suitable for Room monitoring.
- the converter consists of a cylindrical aluminum housing (1).
- An aluminum membrane (2) forms the bottom of the housing.
- the aluminum housing of the converter is manufactured as a turned part.
- a piezoceramic disc (3) for example made of a PZT-5H ceramic, is glued concentrically with a thin adhesive with pressure into the aluminum pot (on the back of the membrane (2)).
- An electrode of the ceramic which is glued to the membrane surface, has electrical contact with the aluminum housing (1) via the membrane.
- the earth connection is ensured by a copper pin (6) which is driven into the aluminum housing. When producing large quantities, another method can also be selected for ground contact.
- the copper pin is connected via a thin wire (8) to a cable (10) that connects the converter to the control electronics.
- the other electrode of the ceramic (3) is connected to a further thin wire (9) via a soldering point (7) on the edge of the ceramic.
- a soldering point (7) on the edge of the ceramic.
- the wire (9) between the ceramic electrode and the cable (10) must be very light in order to avoid a further influencing factor on the vibration properties of the system.
- a rear view of the sensor with aluminum housing (1), aluminum membrane (2), glued-in ceramic disc (3), soldering point (7) and ground contact (6) can be seen in FIG. 2.
- the selected diaphragm diameter generates the desired opening angle (here:> 45 ° with a lateral 3dB sound pressure drop;> 55 ° with a lateral 6dB sound pressure drop) and is matched to the overall vibration system in order to effectively generate the bending vibration.
- the dimensions of the overall housing height, as well as the thickness and diameter of the ceramic disk were optimized with regard to the vibration behavior of the system. The thickness of the ceramic has less influence on the vibration behavior than the diameter.
- the components of the ultrasonic transducer have the following dimensions: Thickness of the housing wall d G 2.85 mm Height of the housing wall h G 6.83 mm Housing diameter D G 14.55 mm Diameter of the membrane D M 8.85 mm Thickness of the membrane d M 0.83 mm Diameter of the ceramic disc D K 6.75 mm Thickness of the ceramic disc d K 0.26 mm
- An essential parameter of the sensor is the mechanical goodness.
- the first material foamed on the back (4) determines the damping of the membrane vibration. Likewise can that play a role in the wall thickness of the pot.
- the influence the elastic properties of the first material (4) the resonance behavior only to a lesser extent and allow by using materials of different damping better way of checking the mechanical quality of the transducer adjust.
- Another second substance (5) applied to the back of the first substance (4) serves to prevent the propagation of a sound wave against the direction of the radiating membrane and its influence is coordinated with the resonance behavior of the overall system.
- the material of the second material (5) is a polyurethane and also fulfills the task of securing the transition between the very light wire that contacts the electrodes and the heavier connecting cable.
- the extent to which the membrane is covered or the aluminum housing is filled with the first and second substances (4, 5) can be seen in FIG. 1. In the example, the distance between the upper edge of the second material (5) and the upper edge of the housing wall (1) is 1.17 mm.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 show a rear view and a front view of the complete ultrasound transducer.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Description
Eine Vielzahl von Einflußfaktoren, die sich auch gegenseitig beeinflussen, bestimmt daher die physikalischen Wandlereigenschaften.
Besonders vorteilhaft erweist sich für diese Anwendung erfindungsgemäß ein Wandler mit einem Membrandurchmesser 8.85 ± 0.02 mm, einer Membrandicke 0.83 ± 0.02 mm und einer Keramikdicke 0.26 ± 0.01 mm.
Weiterhin wird bei einem solchen Wandler eine zylinderförmige Halterung mit einer Wandstärke von mindestens 2.85 mm und einer Höhe von beispielsweise 6.83 mm eingesetzt. Es versteht sich jedoch von selbst, daß auch kleinere oder größere Höhen der Halterung durchaus möglich sind.
Besonders vorteilhafte Wandlereigenschaften werden hierbei mit Polyurethanschaum mit einer Stauchhärte (DIN 53577) von < 9 kPa und einem akustischen Verlustfaktor (DIN 53426) von < 1.0 erzielt.
Eine Rückansicht des Sensors mit Aluminiumgehäuse (1), Aluminium-Membran (2), eingeklebter Keramikscheibe (3), Lötpunkt (7) und Masse-Kontaktierung (6) ist Figur 2 zu entnehmen.
Der gewählte Membrandurchmesser erzeugt den gewünschten Öffnungswinkel (hier: >45° bei einem lateralen 3dB Schalldruckabfall; >55° bei einem lateralen 6dB Schalldruckabfall) und ist auf das Gesamtschwingungssystem abgestimmt, um die Biegeschwingung effektiv zu erzeugen. Bei dem beispielhaften System wurden die Abmessung der Gesamtgehäusehöhe, sowie Dicke und Durchmesser der Keramikscheibe bezüglich des Schwingungsverhaltens des Systems optimiert. Die Dicke der Keramik hat dabei einen geringeren Einfluß auf das Schwingungsverhalten als der Durchmesser.
Dicke der Gehäusewandung dG | 2,85 mm |
Höhe der Gehäusewandung hG | 6,83 mm |
Durchmesser des Gehäuses DG | 14,55 mm |
Durchmesser der Membran DM | 8,85 mm |
Dicke der Membran dM | 0,83 mm |
Durchmesser der Keramikscheibe DK | 6,75 mm |
Dicke der Keramikscheibe dK | 0,26 mm |
Das Ausmaß der Bedeckung der Membran bzw. der Ausfüllung des Aluminiumgehäuses durch die ersten und zweiten Stoffe (4,5) können Figur 1 entnommen werden. Im Beispiel beträgt der Abstand des oberen Randes des zweiten Stoffes (5) vom oberen Rand der Gehäusewandung (1) 1,17 mm.
Die Figuren 3 und 4 zeigen schließlich noch eine Rückansicht und eine Vorderansicht des vollständigen Ultraschallwandlers.
Claims (16)
- Ultraschallwandler, insbesondere für den Einsatz als Sender und Empfänger in Puls-Echo Anwendungen, bei dem eine kreisförmige Membran (2) in einer Halterung (1) angeordnet und eine piezoelektrische Scheibe (3) auf einer rückseitigen Hauptfläche der Membran (2) aufgebracht ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Durchmesser der piezoelektrischen Scheibe (3) zwischen 60% und 85% des Durchmessers der Membran (2) beträgt, wobei eine Restfläche der Membran (2) nicht von der piezoelektrischen Scheibe (3) bedeckt wird,
und ein erster Stoff (4) derart auf die rückseitige Hauptfläche der Membran (2) mit der piezoelektrischen Scheibe (3) aufgeschäumt ist, daß die piezoelektrische Scheibe (3) und die Restfläche der Membran (2) von dem ersten Stoff (4) vollständig bedeckt sind. - Ultraschallwandler nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Halterung (1) zusammen mit der Membran (2) einstückig aus einem Material gefertigt ist. - Ultraschallwandler nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Material Aluminium oder eine Aluminiumlegierung ist. - Ultraschallwandler nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Halterung (1) mit der Membran (2) eine topfförmige Struktur bildet. - Ultraschallwandler nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Erzeugung einer Mittenfrequenz von 70 kHz der Membrandurchmesser 8.85 ± 0.02 mm, die Membrandicke 0.83 ± 0.02 mm und die Keramikdicke 0.26 ± 0.01 mm betragen. - Ultraschallwandler nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine zylinderförmige Halterung (1) mit einer Wandstärke von mindestens 2.85 mm und einer Höhe von ca. 6 mm eingesetzt wird. - Ultraschallwandler nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die piezoelektrische Scheibe (3) auf die Membran (2) aufgeklebt ist. - Ultraschallwandler nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die piezoelektrische Scheibe (3) eine Piezokeramik ist. - Ultraschallwandler nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Piezokeramik eine relative Dielektrizitätskonstante von > 2500, einen elektromechanischen Kopplungsfaktor von > 0.5 und eine mechanische Güte von < 300 aufweist. - Ultraschallwandler nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Stoff (4) aus offenzelligem, weichem Material besteht. - Ultraschallwandler nach Anspruch 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Stoff (4) aus Polyurethanschaum oder Silikonschaum besteht. - Ultraschallwandler nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Stoff (4) aus Polyurethanschaum mit einer Stauchhärte von < 9 kPa und einem akustischen Verlustfaktor von < 1.0 besteht. - Ultraschallwandler nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf dem ersten Stoff (4) ein zweiter Stoff (5) vorgesehen ist. - Ultraschallwandler nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine erste Elektrode der piezoelektrischen Scheibe (3) über die Membran (2) und die Halterung (1) mit Masse verbunden, und eine zweite Elektrode der piezoelektrischen Scheibe (3) über einen dünnen am Rand der Scheibe angelöteten Draht (9) kontaktiert ist. - Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Ultraschallwandlers mit folgenden Verfahrensschritten:Herstellung einer topfförmigen Halterung (1) aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung, deren Boden eine Membran (2) bildet,Aufkleben einer piezoelektrischen Scheibe (3) auf die Rückseite der Membran (2), so daß ein mechanischer und elektrischer Kontakt zur Membran (2) hergestellt wird, Auflöten eines Endes eines dünnen Drahtes (9) auf die piezoelektrische Scheibe (3),Aufschäumen eines ersten Stoffes (4) in der topfförmigen Halterung (1) auf die Rückseite der Membran (2), so daß Membran (2) und piezoelektrische Scheibe (3) von dem ersten Stoff (4) vollständig bedeckt sind.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 15,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf den ersten Stoff (4) ein zweiter Stoff (5) aufgebracht wird, der die Ausbreitung einer Schallwelle entgegen der gewünschten Richtung der abstrahlenden Membran (2) verhindern soll.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19754891A DE19754891C1 (de) | 1997-12-10 | 1997-12-10 | Ultraschallwandler |
DE19754891 | 1997-12-10 | ||
PCT/DE1998/003297 WO1999030313A1 (de) | 1997-12-10 | 1998-11-03 | Ultraschallwandler mit topfförmiger halterung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1038290A1 EP1038290A1 (de) | 2000-09-27 |
EP1038290B1 true EP1038290B1 (de) | 2004-01-28 |
Family
ID=7851451
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98962245A Expired - Lifetime EP1038290B1 (de) | 1997-12-10 | 1998-11-03 | Ultraschallwandler mit topförmiger halterung |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1038290B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2001526479A (de) |
DE (2) | DE19754891C1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999030313A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU2001290303A1 (en) | 2000-09-29 | 2002-04-15 | Ajinomoto Co., Inc. | Novel phenylalanine derivatives |
DE10156259A1 (de) * | 2001-11-09 | 2003-05-22 | Valeo Schalter & Sensoren Gmbh | Ultraschallsensor und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Ultraschallsensors |
DE10159679A1 (de) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-12 | Valeo Schalter & Sensoren Gmbh | Ultraschallsensoreinheit und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
DE102005046173A1 (de) * | 2005-09-27 | 2007-04-05 | Siemens Ag | Ultraschallwandler für verdeckten Einbau |
DE102006011155A1 (de) * | 2006-03-10 | 2007-09-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Ultraschallsensor |
DE102006028211A1 (de) | 2006-06-14 | 2007-12-20 | Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh | Ultraschallsensor mit Membran |
DE102012210522A1 (de) * | 2012-06-21 | 2013-12-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Dämpfungselement zur Dämpfung von Schwingungen, Schallwandleranordnung mit einem Dämpfungselement sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Dämpfungselements |
US20140157894A1 (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2014-06-12 | Tung Thih Electronic Co., Ltd. | Transducer Case |
CN103900629A (zh) * | 2012-12-24 | 2014-07-02 | 同致电子企业股份有限公司 | 传感器外壳 |
JP6922651B2 (ja) | 2017-10-26 | 2021-08-18 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 超音波デバイス、及び超音波測定装置 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4437032A (en) * | 1981-09-23 | 1984-03-13 | Egon Gelhard | Sensor for distance measurement by ultrasound |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3301848C2 (de) * | 1983-01-20 | 1984-11-08 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Ultraschallwandler |
JPS59175299A (ja) * | 1983-03-24 | 1984-10-04 | Nippon Denso Co Ltd | 超音波送受波器 |
DE3441684A1 (de) * | 1984-11-15 | 1986-05-15 | SWF Auto-Electric GmbH, 7120 Bietigheim-Bissingen | Elektroakustischer wandler |
DE9204734U1 (de) * | 1992-04-06 | 1993-08-05 | Honeywell Regelsysteme Gmbh, 63067 Offenbach, De | |
DE4329055A1 (de) * | 1993-08-28 | 1995-03-02 | Teves Gmbh Alfred | Druckdichter Wandler für Kraftfahrzeuge |
DE19601656B4 (de) * | 1996-01-18 | 2009-07-16 | Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh | Bedämpfter Ultraschallwandler |
DE29614691U1 (de) * | 1996-08-23 | 1996-10-17 | Pil Sensoren Gmbh | Ultraschall-Sensor |
-
1997
- 1997-12-10 DE DE19754891A patent/DE19754891C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-11-03 EP EP98962245A patent/EP1038290B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-11-03 DE DE59810685T patent/DE59810685D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-11-03 JP JP2000524787A patent/JP2001526479A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-11-03 WO PCT/DE1998/003297 patent/WO1999030313A1/de active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4437032A (en) * | 1981-09-23 | 1984-03-13 | Egon Gelhard | Sensor for distance measurement by ultrasound |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59810685D1 (de) | 2004-03-04 |
EP1038290A1 (de) | 2000-09-27 |
DE19754891C1 (de) | 1999-07-15 |
JP2001526479A (ja) | 2001-12-18 |
WO1999030313A1 (de) | 1999-06-17 |
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