EP1036432A1 - Bloc d'alimentation a condensateurs - Google Patents

Bloc d'alimentation a condensateurs

Info

Publication number
EP1036432A1
EP1036432A1 EP98963437A EP98963437A EP1036432A1 EP 1036432 A1 EP1036432 A1 EP 1036432A1 EP 98963437 A EP98963437 A EP 98963437A EP 98963437 A EP98963437 A EP 98963437A EP 1036432 A1 EP1036432 A1 EP 1036432A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
capacitor
switching
charging
voltage
switching means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98963437A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marco Honsberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Leopold Kostal GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Leopold Kostal GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leopold Kostal GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Leopold Kostal GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1036432A1 publication Critical patent/EP1036432A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/145—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
    • H02M7/155—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/05—Capacitor coupled rectifiers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of power supplies for supplying electronic assemblies.
  • the invention relates to a condenser power supply comprising a charging capacitor for charging a further capacitor (storage capacitor) for operating a current consumer, a rectifier arranged between the charging capacitor and the storage capacitor and a switching means arranged in terms of circuitry between the charging capacitor and the storage capacitor with a control input at which Control input, the outputs of a switching time determination element, which is acted upon with a reference voltage that is small compared to the AC line voltage, for determining the switching time for switching the switching means from a switch position charging the storage capacitor into a switch position interrupting the charging process, depending on the voltage present on the output side of the charging capacitor and a charging state determination element for determining the Charge state of the storage capacitor present.
  • the invention further relates to a method for operating a capacitor power supply.
  • Capacitor power supplies are often used to generate auxiliary power supplies that are not separated from the mains. Such auxiliary voltages are usually used to supply electronic assemblies, for example to supply the electronics used for speed control of drilling machines.
  • the principle of a capacitor power supply is based on the cyclical recharging of the charging capacitor, which serves as a charge pump for the storage capacitor and charges the latter during each network cycle.
  • a breakdown diode is used to stabilize such a capacitor power supply.
  • the term breakdown diode refers to all diodes which are reverse-biased and are also known as zener diodes or avalanche diodes. For small output powers with an almost constant load, capacitor power supplies are widely used due to their simple and inexpensive design.
  • capacitor power supplies have been developed, as described for example in DE 38 01 399 A1, in which the switching process for switching the switching means from a switch position charging the storage capacitor into a switch position interrupting the charging process is provided at a point in time at which the Switching means is only slightly energized. Consequently, no steep switching edges should be generated in this switching process.
  • a control device is connected upstream of the switching means, by means of which control device the switching means is brought into its switch position which interrupts the charging process when the voltage on the output side of the charging capacitor is correspondingly low to the cycle of the mains voltage. At such a switching time, the switching means is only slightly energized.
  • This capacitor power supply is switched back to the charging mode when the output voltage of the storage capacitor falls below a predetermined target value.
  • This switching process depends solely on the state of charge of the storage capacitor and can therefore be carried out at any time with regard to the cycle of the mains voltage. Even if the switch at this point in time can at best only be under a low voltage, the switching means is, however, supplied with a relatively high current, so that generation of current peaks cannot be ruled out. If the current consumer is operated continuously, the required current is continuously drawn from the storage capacitor. Through the control of the switching means described in this document, it is continuously switched back and forth between the two operating positions in accordance with the frequency of the network cycle or the rectified voltage half-waves. Because of the power loss that occurs, in particular when the switching means is switched to the charging mode of the storage capacitor, there is a risk that the electronic components can be heated up to their destruction.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a capacitor power supply unit which is also suitable for continuous operation of the current consumer connected to it.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a corresponding method for operating a capacitor power supply.
  • the device-related object is achieved in that the switching time determination element and the state of charge determination element, which represent a logical AND function, interconnected and act on the control input of the switching means, so that both switching operations of the switching means - the switching of the capacitor power supply to the charging mode or the switching thereof Interruption of the charging operation - take place at a point in time at which the voltage applied to the charging capacitor on the output side is less than or equal to the reference voltage.
  • the method-related problem is solved according to the invention in that the method for operating a capacitor power supply with a switching means has the following steps, starting from a charging mode for charging a storage capacitor:
  • the switching time determination element and the state of charge determination element are electronically connected to one another by a logical AND function and in this way act on the control input of the switching means. A switching process is therefore only triggered if corresponding control signals are present at the control input of the switching means both from the switching time determination element and from the state of charge determination element.
  • the charge state determination element can provide two control signals, one of which represents the state of the storage capacitor, in which its output voltage is greater than a predetermined setpoint, reproducing the limit value of the output voltage, and another of which represents the state of the storage capacitor, in which its output voltage is less than or equal to the setpoint. If the first control signal is present, it is not necessary to recharge the storage capacitor.
  • the switching time determination element is acted upon by a reference voltage which is very low compared to the mains alternating voltage, advantageously about 0 V or equal to 0 V.
  • the control signal of the switching time determination element is provided when the voltage applied to the charging capacitor on the output side is less than or equal to the reference voltage. This ensures that the switching means is only switched when the switching means is de-energized or essentially de-energized.
  • the logical AND operation of the two control signals acting on the control input of the switching means causes the switching means not to be switched when the power consumption connected to the capacitor power supply is in continuous operation, but to remain in its open position, which represents the charging operation of the capacitor power supply until the operation of the power consumer has been stopped and the output voltage at the storage capacitor has exceeded the setpoint due to the recharging.
  • the capacitor and the network are only exposed to a very low pulse load with regard to the electromagnetic compatibility, which can be far below the prescribed limit value.
  • the capacitor power supply according to the invention thus implements a principle of controlled recharging of the storage capacitor using a soft switching process to interrupt and switch on the charging process. Therefore, the capacitor power supply is subject to only insignificant heating even with relatively large loads that fluctuate depending on the operating point.
  • Such a capacitor power supply can thus also be used to control a relay, for example, without having to take additional cooling measures.
  • a comparator element is expediently provided as the switching time determination element, by means of which the applied voltage is compared with a predetermined reference voltage as a function of the phase of the voltage curve.
  • the reference voltage is selected so that it represents a voltage in the region of the zero crossing of the voltage curve present on the output side of the charging capacitor.
  • a particularly favorable reference voltage is 0 V, so that actuation of the switching means is only possible when the switching means is de-energized.
  • the elements required for the capacitor power supply are electronic circuits or switching elements. If such a capacitor power supply is provided, an electronic semiconductor switch, in particular a thyristor, is advantageously used, at the gate of which the outputs of the switching time determination element and the state of charge determination element are present.
  • the control input of the switching means may be preceded by a memory element for storing the control signals generated by the switching time determination element and the charging state determination element.
  • a thyristor is exemplary and that other equivalent electronic switching means, such as triacs, can also be used.
  • the switching time determination element implemented by a circuit and the state of charge determination element likewise implemented by a circuit are connected in the form of an AND function (a so-called wired AND function).
  • the reference voltage can be applied externally to the switching time determining element or - as provided in a preferred exemplary embodiment - by a zener diode assigned to the switching time determining element.
  • Fig. 3 a circuit diagram of a capacitor power supply according to the in
  • FIG. 1 shows a capacitor power supply 1 in a schematic block diagram.
  • the capacitor power supply 1 comprises a charging capacitor 2 which is arranged for charging a storage capacitor 3.
  • the capacitance of the storage capacitor 3 is many times greater than the capacitance of the charging capacitor 2.
  • the ratio of the two capacitors to one another is coordinated such that the ripple of the output voltage U a of the storage capacitor 3 is limited to the required value specified by the load .
  • Two diodes 4, 5 are provided for rectifying the AC voltage U_ applied to the network. Consequently, this rectifier 4, 5 provides voltage half-waves separated in time by one voltage half-wave.
  • a switching means 6 is arranged between the charging capacitor 2 and the storage capacitor 3, which is in its position shown in FIG. 1 in the position “0” for charging the storage capacitor 3.
  • the switching means 6 has a control input 7 at which the output of a memory element 8 is connected.
  • the memory element 8 is acted upon by the control signals of both a switching time determination element 9 and a state of charge determination element 10.
  • the switching time determination element 9 is connected on the input side to a charging line 11 connecting the charging capacitor 2 and the storage capacitor 3 via the diode 5 , the tap provided on the charging capacitor side in front of the diode 5 is.
  • the input of the state of charge determination element 10 is arranged for tapping the output voltage of the storage capacitor 3.
  • the switching time determination element 9 compares the voltage U s present in the charging line 11 with a reference voltage U prot , which is either present at another input of the switching time determination element 9 or is provided electronically. The switching time determination element 9 then generates a control signal which is passed on to the switching means 6 when the voltage U s of the charging line 11 is less than or equal to the reference voltage U prot .
  • the reference voltage U prot is 7 V.
  • the memory element 8 transmits a control signal to the switching means 6 for switching it from the position "0" to the position "1" when the two AND-linked conditions mentioned are met.
  • the switching means 6 switches to the "1" position, as a result of which the charging process of the storage capacitor is interrupted by diverting the current flow to the ground.
  • the capacitor power supply 1 switches back to the charging mode recharging the storage capacitor 3 when both the output voltage U a of the storage capacitor 3 drops below the limit value U max and a control signal is provided by the switching time determination element, according to which the output side is connected to the charging capacitor.
  • voltage U a is less than or equal to the reference voltage U prot .
  • FIG. 3 shows the circuit diagram of the capacitor power supply 1 in one embodiment.
  • a thyristor 12 serves as switching means, the gate 13 of which is connected to the outputs of the switching time determination element 9 and of the charge state determination element 10.
  • the switching time determination element 9 is implemented by two resistors R1, R2, a diode D2, a Zener diode Z1 and a transistor T1 as an inverter.
  • the reference voltage of 7 V is provided by the Zener diode Z1 in the switching point determination element 9 shown.
  • the state of charge determination element 10 is implemented by two resistors R3, R4 and a Zener diode Z2.
  • the two rectifying diodes are identified by the reference numerals 4 and 5.
  • a choke L1 is arranged on the output side of the charging capacitor 2 to limit the current rise in the first switch-on moment of the device and the critical current rise of the thyristor 12 in the stationary case. From the circuit diagram shown in FIG. 3, it can be seen that the switching time determination element 9 and the charge state determination element 10 represent, in terms of circuitry, a UN D link - a so-called wired AND function.
  • time is plotted in the direction of the x-axes and voltages or states are plotted on the y-axes.
  • the top diagram shows the profile of the voltage U a applied to the storage capacitor 3 on the output side , the profile of the voltage U s applied to the charging capacitor 2 on the output side, the reference voltage U prot and the limit value of the output voltage U max (setpoint) of the storage capacitor 3.
  • the time interval in which the condition that the output voltage U a of the storage capacitor 3 is greater than the limit voltage U max can be seen in the diagram below.
  • the times in which the further condition is fulfilled that the voltage U s ⁇ U prot applied to the charging capacitor 2 is shown in the third diagram.
  • the two diagrams below show the time period in which the switching means is energized and the switch status.
  • the voltage diagram U_ on the mains side is shown in the bottom diagram.
  • the capacitor power supply 1 is in its charging mode for charging the storage capacitor 3.
  • the voltage U a present on the output side at the storage capacitor 3 exceeds the limit value of Output voltage U max , so that one switching condition U a > U max for switching the capacitor power supply 1 or its switching means 6, 12 is fulfilled.
  • Switching of the switching means 6, 12 takes place, however, only at a point in time when the further condition U s U U prot is fulfilled. This point in time is identified as t 2 .
  • the switching means 6, 12 is closed; the switch state from this point in time in position "1" (see FIG. 2).
  • the maximum of the voltage U a or U s corresponds to the maximum in time of the voltage curve U_ applied to the network.
  • the voltage U s present on the output side at the charging capacitor 2 drops with the cycle of the mains voltage U_ until this voltage U s falls below the value of the reference voltage U prot at the instant t 2 .
  • the voltage U s at time t 3 which represents the negative maximum of the voltage curve U_ in this cycle, exceeds the reference voltage U prot .
  • the switching means 6, 12 is energized. It is now not possible to actuate the switching means 6, 12, since the condition U s ⁇ U prot is not fulfilled in this period.
  • a capacitor is connected in parallel with the resistor R2. This causes a time delay of the time t 2 shown in FIG. 4, so that a switching operation is only possible when U s is less than U prot .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un bloc d'alimentation à condensateurs comprenant un condensateur de chargement servant à charger un deuxième condensateur (condensateur de stockage) pour le fonctionnement d'un consommateur de courant, un redresseur de courant (4, 5) disposé entre le condensateur de chargement (2) et le condensateur de stockage (3), ainsi qu'un organe de commutation (6, 12) monté entre le condensateur de chargement (2) et le condensateur de stockage (3) et comportant une entrée de commande (7). A l'entrée de commande (7) sont appliquées les sorties d'un élément de détermination (9) de l'instant de commutation et d'un élément de détermination (10) de l'état de chargement. L'élément de détermination (9) de l'instant de commutation est sollicité par une tension de référence Uprot faible par rapport à la tension alternative de réseau U∩; il sert à déterminer l'instant auquel il faut commuter l'organe de commutation (6, 12) d'une position de commutateur chargeant le condensateur de stockage (3) à une position de commutateur interrompant la procédure de chargement, en fonction de la tension Us appliquée au condensateur de chargement (3) côté sortie. L'élément de détermination (10) de l'état de chargement sert à déterminer l'état de chargement du condensateur de stockage (3). Le bloc d'alimentation à condensateurs selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que l'élément de détermination (9) de l'instant de commutation et l'élément de détermination (10) de l'état de chargement, câblés de façon à représenter une fonction ET, sollicitent l'entrée de commande de l'organe de commutation (6, 12) de telle façon que les deux procédures de commutation de l'organe de commutation (6, 12) - commutation du bloc d'alimentation à condensateurs (1) en mode de chargement et commutation du bloc d'alimentation pour interrompre le mode de chargement - se produisent à un moment où la tension Us appliquée du côté sortie du condensateur de chargement (2) est inférieure ou égale à la tension de référence Uprot.
EP98963437A 1997-12-06 1998-11-10 Bloc d'alimentation a condensateurs Withdrawn EP1036432A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19754239A DE19754239A1 (de) 1997-12-06 1997-12-06 Kondensatornetzteil
DE19754239 1997-12-06
PCT/EP1998/007183 WO1999030408A1 (fr) 1997-12-06 1998-11-10 Bloc d'alimentation a condensateurs

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1036432A1 true EP1036432A1 (fr) 2000-09-20

Family

ID=7851012

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98963437A Withdrawn EP1036432A1 (fr) 1997-12-06 1998-11-10 Bloc d'alimentation a condensateurs

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6366058B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1036432A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002509690A (fr)
AU (1) AU1871699A (fr)
BR (1) BR9810539A (fr)
DE (1) DE19754239A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999030408A1 (fr)

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DE10002650C2 (de) * 2000-01-21 2003-04-10 Niels Dernedde Schaltungsanordnung zur Reduktion der Wirkleistung in einer stabilisierten Gleichspannungsversorgung mittels eines Vorschaltkondensators
GB0109955D0 (en) * 2001-04-23 2001-06-13 Nicotech Ltd Inverter circuits
US7112897B2 (en) * 2002-12-06 2006-09-26 Northrop Grumman Corporation Capacitor and switch components cooperation to maintain input voltage to target circuit at or above cut-off voltage until power circuit is able to maintain the input voltage
DE10336287B4 (de) * 2003-08-07 2005-12-22 Siemens Ag Netzfilter- und Stromversorgungseinrichtung
EP2068433A1 (fr) * 2007-11-27 2009-06-10 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Alimentation électrique capacitive et dispositif électronique doté d'une alimentation électrique capacitive
DE102009033385B4 (de) * 2009-07-16 2018-09-20 Diehl Ako Stiftung & Co. Kg Netzteil-Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Netzteil-Schaltungsanordnung
US9136777B2 (en) 2010-02-18 2015-09-15 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Capacitively coupled power supply system
DE102011119259A1 (de) * 2011-11-24 2013-05-29 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Verdopplergleichrichter für mehrphasiges kontaktloses Energieübertragungssystem
TW201328152A (zh) * 2011-12-28 2013-07-01 Ushijima Masakazu 輔助電源產生電路
FR2991834B1 (fr) * 2012-06-08 2017-04-07 Alexandre Crisnaire Dispositif d'alimentation d'un appareil electrique

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US4346431A (en) * 1981-01-12 1982-08-24 General Electric Company Field controlled thyristor switching power supply
DE3501519A1 (de) * 1985-01-18 1986-08-28 BIOTEC Biotechnische-Apparatebau-Gesellschaft mbH, 4040 Neuss Elektronische einrichtung zur reduktion der verlustleistung bei der erzeugung einer stabilisierten gleichspannung oder eines stabilisierten gleichstromes aus einer wechselspannungsquelle
DE3534042A1 (de) * 1985-09-24 1987-03-26 Siemens Ag Schaltung zum betrieb eines relais
DE3801399A1 (de) * 1988-01-20 1989-08-03 Weiss Alfons Awe Gmbh Co Kg Netzteil zur erzeugung einer geregelten gleichspannung
KR930001548A (ko) * 1991-06-13 1993-01-16 강진구 돌입 전류방지 장치를 갖춘 커패시터 입력형 정류 평활기
IT1268474B1 (it) * 1993-10-22 1997-03-04 St Microelectronics Srl Convertitore statico dc-dc funzionante in modo discontinuo
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1871699A (en) 1999-06-28
WO1999030408A1 (fr) 1999-06-17
DE19754239A1 (de) 1999-06-10
JP2002509690A (ja) 2002-03-26
US6366058B1 (en) 2002-04-02
BR9810539A (pt) 2000-09-05

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