EP1036003A1 - Procede pour verifier que des groupes de cigarettes sont complets et que celles-ci sont suffisamment remplies - Google Patents

Procede pour verifier que des groupes de cigarettes sont complets et que celles-ci sont suffisamment remplies

Info

Publication number
EP1036003A1
EP1036003A1 EP98963471A EP98963471A EP1036003A1 EP 1036003 A1 EP1036003 A1 EP 1036003A1 EP 98963471 A EP98963471 A EP 98963471A EP 98963471 A EP98963471 A EP 98963471A EP 1036003 A1 EP1036003 A1 EP 1036003A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cigarettes
cigarette
intensity
area
measured
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98963471A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1036003B1 (fr
Inventor
Heinz Focke
Michael Czarnotta
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1036003A1 publication Critical patent/EP1036003A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1036003B1 publication Critical patent/EP1036003B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B19/00—Packaging rod-shaped or tubular articles susceptible to damage by abrasion or pressure, e.g. cigarettes, cigars, macaroni, spaghetti, drinking straws or welding electrodes
    • B65B19/28—Control devices for cigarette or cigar packaging machines
    • B65B19/32—Control devices for cigarette or cigar packaging machines responsive to incorrect grouping of articles or to incorrect filling of packages

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for checking ordered cigarette groups corresponding to the content of a cigarette pack with an electro-optical test device connected to a signal data processing device, preferably a CCD line chip or a CCD camera, for measuring the intensity of through the filter-side end faces of the cigarettes reflected light. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for checking ordered cigarette groups corresponding to the content of a cigarette pack with an electro-optical test device, preferably a CCD camera, connected to a signal data processing, for measuring the intensity of reflected light, a measuring field preferably formed from pixels of the test device is assigned to at least one partial area of the end faces of the cigarettes.
  • the object of the invention is to propose an improved, contactless test method for checking the completeness of cigarette groups and / or the filling of the cigarettes with tobacco.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that a measuring field formed by the test device, preferably by the pixels of the CCD line chip or the CCD camera, is assigned to the end faces of the cigarettes and the cigarette spaces formed between them, at least partial areas of the measuring field, in particular pixels of the CCD camera or the CCD line chip are arranged in curved or rectilinear, in particular horizontal or vertical, evaluation bars and the measurement signal measured along the evaluation bar is evaluated to check the completeness of the cigarette group in the signal data processing.
  • the measuring device for checking the cigarette groups thus works contactlessly on the basis of a CCD line chip or a CCD camera, so that the cigarette group can also be checked with a rapid conveying cycle.
  • the measuring element can be arranged at any point in the conveying process, as long as the end faces of the cigarette groups are freely accessible in it.
  • the check can be carried out in a pocket conveyor during the conveyance.
  • Another option is to check the cigarette groups in a folding turret.
  • the method is characterized in a further embodiment with regard to the evaluation of the intensity curve supplied by the CCD camera or the CCD line chip, in that from a count of the passes of the intensity curve by a threshold value with subsequent exceeding and / or falling below the threshold value the number of cigarettes in the area of the evaluation bank (s) is determined.
  • This evaluation method is based on the fact that the reflected light is larger in the area of the bright filter surfaces of the cigarettes is the intensity measured in the area of the dark cigarette spaces formed by neighboring cigarettes. An increase in the measured intensity curve can therefore be evaluated as a transition from a cigarette space to a filter-side end of a cigarette. In the absence of a cigarette in a row of cigarettes, the high intensity in the area of the filter surfaces is achieved less than that of a complete cigarette row. This is detected on the basis of the counting of the passes of the intensity curve through a threshold value.
  • a further method according to the invention is therefore characterized in that the completeness of the cigarette group is determined from the comparison of the distance between the first and last pass of the intensity curve by means of a threshold value with a target value.
  • the number of high-sided measured faces of the cigarettes in the area of the evaluation bar of the CCD line chip or the CCD camera increases the number of high measured intensity values. Accordingly, in a further method according to the invention, the area below the curve of the measured intensity signal measured, in particular by summing up the intensity values measured along the evaluation bar, can be compared with a target value determined for the complete cigarette group.
  • a further method according to the invention is characterized in that a measurement signal measured in the pixels assigned to the end faces of the cigarettes and the cigarette spaces between them is evaluated as a two-dimensional measurement field in accordance with the horizontal and vertical positions of the pixels.
  • the intensity curve can thus be represented as a curved surface that has high plateaus in the area of light cigarette surfaces, for example in the area of the light end faces of cigarettes, and valleys for the Areas with low measurement intensities, for example in the area of the cigarette rooms.
  • this relief-like change of mountains with high plateaus and valleys is evaluated in such a way that with a tobacco-side arrangement of the measuring field, the presence of a large number of small adjacent intensity values is used as an indicator for recesses in the filling of the cigarettes with tobacco.
  • a specific search is made for valleys, i.e. flat areas with small neighboring intensity values. In the area of a valley there is therefore a flat shadow area on the tobacco side of the cigarette. This can be used as an indicator for recesses in the filling of the cigarettes, so-called blowholes.
  • FIG. 1 shows the basic concept of a packaging machine 10 for the production of such cigarette packs 11.
  • the cigarettes are transferred to the packaging machine 10 in the area of a cigarette magazine 12.
  • This is an organ customary in packaging machines 10 for cigarettes for storing cigarettes and for dispensing cigarette groups 13 corresponding to the contents of a cigarette pack 11.
  • the cigarette magazine 12 is provided in the lower area with magazine chutes 14 which act as shaft groups are summarized.
  • a cigarette group 13 is pushed out of each shaft group by sliders and inserted into pockets 15 of a pocket chain 16, specifically in the area of a lower conveyor run 17.
  • the pocket chain 16 transports the cigarette groups 13 to a folding turret 18, to which they are transferred by pushing out the pockets 15 of the pocket chain 16. Details of the structure of the cigarette magazine 12, the pocket chain 16 and the folding turret 18 can be found in EP 226 872.
  • the cigarette groups 13 are checked for completeness or completeness of the filling of the cigarettes by the test method according to the invention. Downstream of the test device 19 in the conveying direction is an ejector 20, which is actuated in the event of an error signal from the test device 19 to separate out defective cigarette groups 13.
  • the test device has a test device 20, preferably a CCD line chip or a CCD camera.
  • An optical system 22 is arranged upstream of the test element 21.
  • Another component of the test device are, for example, two light sources 23, which are preferably inclined at an angle of 5 to 15 ° with respect to the recording direction of the test device 21.
  • Test organ 21 and associated light sources 23 are aligned such that the light from light sources 23 reflected by an end face 24 of cigarette pack 11 is detected by test organ 21.
  • the light source 23, preferably a light source of high intensity or a laser, can be controlled stroboscopically in time with the machine.
  • a test device 19 is arranged on the fi 1 terseit term face 24 of the cigarette packs 11.
  • the cigarette group is checked for completeness.
  • Another test device is arranged on the tobacco-side end face 24 of a cigarette group 13. With this, for example, the complete filling of individual cigarettes 25 can be checked, but it is also possible here to simultaneously check the completeness of the cigarette group 13 and the filling of the cigarettes 25 with tobacco.
  • Fig. 3 shows the fil tersei term face 24 of a cigarette group 13 and one of the cigarette group 13 associated pocket 15 of the pocket chain 16.
  • a vertical marker 26 and a horizontal marker 27 for aligning the image of the test device 21 are provided on the pocket 16.
  • the horizontal marker 27 is vertically displaced, with a slight time delay in the recording of an intensity curve 28 by the test organ 21, i.e. the CCD camera or the CCD line chip, the vertical marker 26 is laterally in the image taken from it Target position shifted.
  • the image captured by the CCD camera is aligned using the markings in the coordinate system of the evaluation unit.
  • a complete cigarette group 13 has, for example, seven cigarettes 25 in each outer, horizontal row of cigarettes 29, the inner horizontal row of cigarettes 30 contains six cigarettes.
  • the cigarette group 13 shown is thus a missing group.
  • two cigarettes 31 and 32 of the outer rows of cigarettes 29 are shifted from their sol 1 positions into the interior of the pocket 15.
  • Such fault groups are separated using the following measuring ranges:
  • the dot-dash circles 33 mark the desired positions of the cigarettes in the cigarette group
  • the circular areas with solid border 34 are partial areas of the cigarette front, their importance for the
  • horizontal evaluation bars 37 are marked with horizontal lines, which preferably run such that an evaluation bar both the area of the target position of each cigarette 33 of a row of cigarettes 29 or 30 and a shadow area 35 in the area of two adjacent cigarettes of a row of cigarettes 29 or 30 goes through, - Vertical evaluation bars 38 are preferably arranged such that the cigarette spaces 36 between cigarettes of adjacent rows of cigarettes are passed through in the vertical direction.
  • the circular surfaces 34 and shadow regions 35 can of course also have a contour that deviates from the circular shape shown.
  • the light intensity reflected along a horizontal evaluation bar 37 is measured with a test organ 21 in an evaluation method according to the invention.
  • the evaluation bar 37 is imaged by several pixels of the CCD line chip or the CCD camera. Each pixel detects the light intensity of a section of the evaluation bar 37.
  • the horizontal evaluation bar 37 is divided into 230 sections of the same size by 230 pixels.
  • the measurement signal 39 shown represents the measured intensity for the pixels 0 to 229.
  • the light intensity is usually specified in the unit candela.
  • the intensity at the measuring location is converted by the CCD camera into a proportional measuring signal, for example into a voltage. For this reason, the measured values for the intensities are given below without units.
  • the absolute values of the measured values are marked with square brackets in the following text.
  • the intensity of the reflected light is high in the area of the pixels assigned to the (bright) end faces 24 or filters of the cigarettes, see here the plateaus 40 of high intensity in FIG. 5.
  • the area breaks in the area of the pixels assigned to the shadow areas 35 between the cigarettes 25 Intensity.
  • the dashed line here shows the measured error signal 41 for the case of a missing cigarette.
  • the method for evaluating the measurement signal 39 can, for example, count the passages 42 of the measurement signal through a threshold value 43. In the example shown, the measurement signal 39 passes through the threshold value 43 seven times in the positive or negative direction. There are therefore seven cigarettes in the row of cigarettes 29, 30.
  • Another method determines the area under the measurement signal 39 shown in FIG. 5. This can be determined by adding up the intensities measured by pixels 0 to 229. The deviation of a sum determined in this way from a desired value can be used as an indicator of the absence of a cigarette 25 in the row of cigarettes 29, 30, since in the area of the error signal 41 marked with a dash-dotted line, the defect area 44 under the curve is due to the missing cigarette 25 is very much smaller than the comparison surface 45, so only small values are included in the summation.
  • the intensity measured by the vertical evaluation bars 38 is evaluated, see FIG. 6.
  • the vertical evaluation bars 38 pass through the cigarette end faces preferably in the immediate vicinity of the end face center 46.
  • the two plateaus 47 of high intensity in FIG. 6 of the measurement signal 39 shown here characterize measurements in the area of an end face 24. Between the two plateaus 47, the edge area 48 of a cigarette 25 of the inner row of cigarettes 30 is passed through, so that here the intensity increases over a smaller width and forms a local maximum 49.
  • the exceeding or falling below a threshold 1 value 43 can also be used for the evaluation.
  • the first passage 50 of the measurement signal 39 through the threshold value 43 and the last passage 51 of the measurement signal 39 through the threshold value 43 are evaluated.
  • the distances D1 and D2 can be determined from the pixel assigned to this first pass 50 or last pass 51.
  • the first pass can of course also be determined from both sides or from above and from below (for the direction of measurement see also the arrows in FIG. 4).
  • the lack of a cigarette 25 in the cigarette group 13 has the consequence that the distance between adjacent cigarettes 25 from the side wall 52 of the pocket 15 is increased, see here cigarettes 31 and 32 in FIG. 3. This has an increase in the distances D1 and D2 Episode.
  • An error signal can be determined by comparing the sum D1 + D2 with a setpoint. Analogously to this, the distance D between the first pass 50 and the last pass 51 can of course also be used for the evaluation.
  • the use of the test method described can cause problems when testing the cigarette group 13 in the area of the folding turret 18.
  • the cigarette groups 13 are not surrounded by dark pockets 15, but by light packaging material.
  • the measurement signal 39 may have high intensities outside the cigarette group 13 and for this reason there is no first and last passage 50, 51.
  • a further method for determining the completeness of the cigarette group 13 can be used, which is based on the intensities measured in the partial area, namely the circular area 34 of the end face 24 and the shadow areas 35.
  • the circular areas 24 of the fil tersei term face of a cigarette several pixels are arranged here.
  • the bright, filter-side end faces 24 reflect light with a high intensity, for example intensities between [59] and [63], see. Fig. 8.
  • a high intensity for example intensities between [59] and [63], see. Fig. 8.
  • several classes 54 of the intensity are formed, for example classes 54 with intensity values in the range from [59] - [60], [60] - [61] and [61] - [62].
  • 8 shows the frequency N of the pixels per intensity class for a measurement in the area of the filter-side end face 24, the frequency 72 is applied over the intensity class 71.
  • An intensity> [60] has been measured for more than 238 pixels.
  • the number of pixels with intensities below a threshold 1 value is approximately zero here if the face 1 24 of the cigarette 25 is in the desired position (in practice, the intensity below a threshold 1 value is approximately due to measurement inaccuracies) Zero).
  • the classes can also be formed from the digitization stages, so that pixels of the same intensity are then added up.
  • the intensity of the reflected light is very small, see FIG. 9.
  • the number of pixels is smaller here because the assigned measuring areas for the shadow areas 35 are smaller.
  • the number of pixels with intensities greater than a predefined threshold value 56 is zero for a partial area of the measuring field which lies in the target area of the shadow areas 35.
  • the displacement of the remaining cigarettes 25 from their desired position 33 due to the absence of a cigarette 25 from the cigarette group 13 has the result that 35 light filter surfaces are arranged in the desired positions 33 of the shadow areas.
  • a measuring surface 57 in the area of the tobacco-side end face 24 of the cigarette group 13 divided into several pixel areas 58, each of which is assigned a pixel of the CCD camera. 10 shows an enlargement of a section of the measuring area 57, in which each square describes the pixel area 58 captured by a pixel and the numerical value assigned to this square describes the brightness measured in the pixel area 58.
  • Dark pixel areas 58 identify areas with low intensities, that is, dark end face areas, bright pixel areas 60 identify bright measurement areas.
  • the circular contours 61 formed by pixels with high measuring intensities correspond here to the outer contour of the cigarettes 25, since the light tobacco casing reflects light with high intensity.
  • the intensity fluctuates very strongly within the casing at medium values. This is due to the fact that the end face 24 formed by the tobacco is uneven.
  • Figure 10 shows the measurement result of correctly formed cigarettes 25. In the area of the front face 24 of the cigarette 25 formed by the tobacco, the intensity fluctuates very strongly, but there are no large areas of low intensity formed by several adjacent pixel areas 58. If the cigarettes are not properly filled with tobacco, there may be recesses in the end face of the cigarettes. These areas are formed by areas of low pixel intensity formed from several pixel areas 58, cf. see picture 11. Counting the number of neighboring pixel areas 58 with intensities below a predefined threshold 1 value can thus be used as an indicator of inadequately filled cigarettes 25.
  • FIG. 12 shows a section of the result of the intensity measurement by means of the test device, for example a CCD camera, with an arrangement on the side of the filter.
  • the intensity 75 is plotted here over the x-axis 73 and the y-axis, that is to say as a function of the horizontal and vertical measuring position.
  • the plateaus 61 can be seen with high intensities in the area of the light-colored end faces 24. Every plateau 62 is formed by the measured intensities of many pixels, here approximately 500. In the dark shadow areas "35 adjacent cigarettes 25 Valleys 63 are formed from in three-dimensional representation.
  • test methods shown can also be used simultaneously to increase the safety of the test method.
  • the measuring methods shown have the following block diagram 65 in common for signal data processing and machine control, see FIG. Fig. 13:
  • the test process is started by a trigger signal 66, which is generated, for example, by a light barrier when a new bag 15 with cigarette group 13 arrives in the test area.
  • This trigger signal 66 is fed to the image processing 67, which stroboscopically controls a light source 23, for example a laser.
  • a light source 23 for example a laser.
  • an image is taken by means of the test device 21, for example a CCD line chip or a CCD camera, and fed to the image processing unit 67. This is fed to the machine control 69 via a suitable I / O interface 68.
  • the signal processing 70 In addition to checking the completeness of the cigarette group 13 and the filling of the cigarettes 25 with tobacco, the signal processing 70 must also monitor whether the test organs 21 are ready for operation, the image of the test organ 21 is recorded at the correct time and / or the signal quality is sufficient. For example, in the case of poor lighting conditions as a result of a defective light source 23, an error signal must be generated so that the machine can be stopped and the light source 23 can be replaced.
  • the machine control 69 is also connected to an ejector 71, so that when an incomplete cigarette group 13 is recognized or the cigarettes 25 are not completely filled, the ejector 71 can be actuated to remove the defective cigarette group 13.
  • several separate test devices 19 can also be controlled and evaluated simultaneously or in succession.
  • Inspection device 19 Inspection device 67 Image processing 0 Ejector 68 I / 0 interface 1 Inspection device 69 Machine control 2 Optics 70 Signal data processing 3 Light source processing 4 Front side 71 Intensity class 5 Cigarette 72 Frequency 6 vertical marking 73 x-axis 7 horizontal marking 74 y-axis 8 Intensity curve 75 intensity 9 outer row of cigarettes 0 inner row of cigarettes 1 cigarette 2 cigarette 3 target position of the cigarette 4 circular area 5 shadow area 6 cigarette space 7 horizontal evaluation bar 8 vertical evaluation bar 9 measurement signal 0 plateau 1 error signal 2 pass 3 threshold value 4 error area 5 comparison area 6 end face center 7 plateau 8 edge area 9 local maximum 0 first pass 1 last pass 2 side wall 3 filter 4 class 5 threshold 6 threshold 7 measurement area

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wrapping Of Specific Fragile Articles (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Cigar And Cigarette Tobacco (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour vérifier que des groupes de cigarettes sont complets et que celles-ci sont suffisamment remplies. En dépit d'une fabrication soignée, lorsque des cigarettes sont produites et que des groupes de cigarettes sont réunis pour remplir des paquets de cigarettes (11) à l'aide de machines très performantes, il peut arriver que certains de ces paquets présentent un nombre insuffisant de cigarettes ou contiennent des cigarettes qui ne sont pas suffisamment remplies de tabac. L'invention définie un procédé perfectionné, sans contact, pour contrôler les groupes de cigarettes ou les cigarettes individuelles. Selon ce procédé, le signal d'intensité d'une caméra CCD ou bien d'une puce à balayage linéaire CCD, dans les surfaces partielles des extrémités antérieures (24) des cigarettes et/ou les espaces entre celles-ci, est mesuré et analysé dans la région des extrémités antérieures du groupe de cigarettes. Ce procédé constitue donc un moyen de s'assurer que des groupes de cigarettes sont complets et que les cigarettes sont suffisamment remplies dans des machines très performantes telles que des élévateurs à poche ou des plieuses revolver.
EP98963471A 1997-12-02 1998-11-17 Procede pour verifier que des groupes de cigarettes sont complets et que celles-ci sont suffisamment remplies Expired - Lifetime EP1036003B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19753333A DE19753333A1 (de) 1997-12-02 1997-12-02 Verfahren zur Kontrolle der Vollzähligkeit von Zigarettengruppen und der Befüllung der Zigaretten
DE19753333 1997-12-02
PCT/EP1998/007360 WO1999028190A1 (fr) 1997-12-02 1998-11-17 Procede pour verifier que des groupes de cigarettes sont complets et que celles-ci sont suffisamment remplies

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1036003A1 true EP1036003A1 (fr) 2000-09-20
EP1036003B1 EP1036003B1 (fr) 2004-03-03

Family

ID=7850442

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98963471A Expired - Lifetime EP1036003B1 (fr) 1997-12-02 1998-11-17 Procede pour verifier que des groupes de cigarettes sont complets et que celles-ci sont suffisamment remplies

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6531693B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1036003B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2001524425A (fr)
CN (1) CN1105061C (fr)
BR (1) BR9814714B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19753333A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2216342T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999028190A1 (fr)

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ITUA20164582A1 (it) * 2016-06-22 2017-12-22 Gd Spa Unità di trasferimento ed ispezione di un gruppo di elementi allungati.
ITUA20164585A1 (it) * 2016-06-22 2017-12-22 Gd Spa Unità di trasferimento ed ispezione di un gruppo di elementi allungati.
JP6976975B2 (ja) * 2016-06-22 2021-12-08 ジ・ディ・ソシエタ・ペル・アチオニG.D S.p.A. 細長い要素から構成されるグループの移送及び検査ユニット
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CN109878826A (zh) * 2019-03-25 2019-06-14 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 一种用于yb55盒外透明纸包装机的烟包外观质量检测装置
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CN116280412B (zh) * 2023-02-14 2025-09-12 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 一种烟库缺支检测系统及方法
IT202300018198A1 (it) * 2023-09-05 2025-03-05 Gd Spa Metodo e unita' per l'ispezione di articoli multisegmento a forma di barretta

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US4511045A (en) 1981-03-06 1985-04-16 G.D. Societa Per Azioni Device for transferring and verifying batches of cigarettes
US4486098A (en) 1982-02-23 1984-12-04 Hauni-Werke Korber & Co. Kg Method and apparatus for testing the ends of cigarettes or the like
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See also references of WO9928190A1

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BR9814714B1 (pt) 2014-09-30
DE59810930D1 (de) 2004-04-08
JP2001524425A (ja) 2001-12-04
CN1280541A (zh) 2001-01-17
EP1036003B1 (fr) 2004-03-03
DE19753333A1 (de) 1999-06-10
US6531693B1 (en) 2003-03-11
WO1999028190A1 (fr) 1999-06-10
CN1105061C (zh) 2003-04-09
BR9814714A (pt) 2000-10-03
ES2216342T3 (es) 2004-10-16

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