Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
  • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
  • F01D25/18—Lubricating arrangements
  • F01D25/22—Lubricating arrangements using working-fluid or other gaseous fluid as lubricant
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
  • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
  • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators

Definitions

• the invention relates to a steam turbine set with a steam turbine unit and a work machine unit connected thereto for generating electrical current.
• a steam turbine set has an 01 circuit that essentially fulfills three tasks: First, the oil serves as a lubricant and coolant for the bearings of the steam turbine and generator. Second, the control valves of the steam turbine are operated via oil-hydraulic actuating cylinders. Thirdly, the oil is used to cool and lubricate the gearbox. The resulting heat loss is given off to the oil circuit and dissipated to an oil / water heat exchanger. Overall, relatively large amounts of oil are required to accomplish these three tasks.
• the ratio of lubricating oil: control oil: gear oil is approximately 1: 6: 2.
• the oil tightness in the oil circuit can be significantly reduced if oil-hydraulic actuating cylinders are dispensed with and a switch is made to another medium (which then requires its own circuit) or to other drive principles for the control valves (e.g. linear actuators, which may also require cooling) .
• this does not prevent contaminants from escaping bearing oil from the turbine or oil escaping into the environment in the steam outlet.
• This requires a high level of technological effort, as is the case with numerous patent applications (e.g. EP 0 306 634, WO 94/01713 and DE 19606088.5) are impressive.
• the object of the invention is to avoid such difficulties caused by the lubricant and / or coolant in a steam turbine set with a steam turbine and a working machine.
• the invention initially assumes that water-hydraulic actuating cylinders of the valves controlling or regulating the steam supply or other oil-free actuators of these valves avoid the dangers and difficulties posed by oil.
• the invention provides for using linear motors as actuators for the valves.
• Water-cooled bearings are readily suitable for the working machine unit, provided the quantities of water required for lubrication and cooling are fed into the bearings with sufficient pressure.
• the invention also assumes that a gearbox is only required if a reduction or translation of the rotational speed takes place on the shaft driven by the steam turbine. If, however, it becomes possible to operate the steam turbine and driven machine at the same speed, a gearbox can be dispensed with and the problems associated with cooling the gearbox do not arise.
• Solution between the generator speed i.e. the speed of the high-speed steam turbine
• a gearbox is also not necessary if these corresponding machines are designed for the high speed of the steam turbine.
• the steam turbine of the steam turbine unit and the generator of the work machine unit can therefore be connected to one another via a coupling or via flanges.
• the invention is based on the fact that water can be used as a lubricant and coolant in the steam turbine unit and then the fire risk associated with the use of oil and the risk of environmental damage due to leakages are avoided. Oil and the like can therefore practically be dispensed with in the entire turbo set. Media of a different type will not penetrate into the exhaust steam flow of the turbine if the bearing is in an axial outflow and that
• Water for lubrication or cooling is taken from the water cycle of the steam power plant.
• a steam turbine set is provided with a steam turbine unit and a work machine unit comprising a generator, the units being connected to one another without a transmission.
• a shaft part driven by a steam turbine and a shaft part driving the generator are thus coupled as part shafts in the area between the units to form a common shaft, for example by a flange, or form a rigid (eg one-piece) shaft, in which case the two bearings between the steam turbine and the driven machine can be replaced by a single bearing.
• An oil-free circuit namely a water circuit, is used to lubricate and cool the shaft bearings in the turbine unit. Only oil-free bearings are used for the bearing of this shaft in the working machine unit.
• the generator is provided for generating electrical current of a desired frequency, for which purpose a frequency converter is connected downstream.
• a linear drive or a similar, in any case oil-free drive unit (in particular combined with an electrical or electronic control) can be used to actuate the control valves of the steam turbine.
• the steam turbine unit can be designed differently and e.g. comprise one or more steam turbines which have steam discharge upwards or downwards (generally: in the lateral direction) or in the axial direction.
• An axial outflow is usually with a level installation of
• turbo set preferably contains only oil-free components, since stationary parts (e.g. the frequency converter) can also be cooled by other media (e.g. air or water).
• stationary parts e.g. the frequency converter
• other media e.g. air or water
• one (or more) water circuit is provided, from which water supply channels lead to the individual bearings. It is also possible that several shaft parts and / or shaft bearings are provided in the steam turbine unit and are supplied by a common water circuit. By water drainage channels, the water used as coolant and lubricant is advantageously returned from the shaft bearings to the water cycle.
• the cooling systems of a generator unit or another work machine unit and also preferably the same time
• Steam supply to the steam turbine unit can be operated.
• Linear drives for actuating the control valves of the steam turbine can also be supplied by the water circuit if cooling is required. This makes it possible for a single water circuit to take over the entire heat loss of a turbo set.
• the heat energy introduced into the circulating water is preferably extracted by a heat exchanger. This heat exchanger is operated by an open water circuit, but can also be an air-cooled heat exchanger.
• the required circuit water can also be used in the steam / water circuit of the power plant. be taken from the factory.
• the circuit water is advantageously treated at the same time. Any wear particles or other impurities that arise, for example, from the shaft bearing are filtered out.
• FIG. 1 shows an oil-free steam turbine set with water as a lubrication and cooling medium with a lateral (namely downward) steam outflow.
• FIG. 2 shows an oil-free steam turbine set with water as a lubricant and cooling medium with axial steam outflow.
• a steam turbine set is shown schematically, which bears the overall reference number 1 and contains a steam turbine unit 2 and a generator unit 3 as other work machine unit.
• the units 2 and 3 are connected to each other by a shaft 4.
• This shaft consists of several shaft parts (two part shafts 41, 42) which rotate at the same speed.
• the partial shaft 41 leads through the steam turbine unit 2.
• the rotor blades 211 of the turbine are attached to this partial shaft 41, of which only two are shown in the drawing for better clarity.
• the guide vanes 212 of which only two pieces are also shown for better clarity.
• the partial shaft 42 passes through the generator 30.
• the two partial shafts 41 and 42 of shaft 4 are connected to one another by flanges 43.
• the current generated by the generator 30 is fed via lines 51 to a frequency converter 5.
• This frequency converter 5 converts the output frequency of the generator current, which is determined by the speed and the number of poles of the shaft 4, into a frequency which corresponds to the required network frequency of the power network to be fed.
• the supply of the current to the power grid takes place through the lines 52.
• the steam driving the turbine 20 is supplied by the steam supply 22.
• the steam supply is regulated by control valves 221, which in turn are operated by one or more linear drives 222 and electrical regulators 223.
• the outflow of the turbine steam takes place in this exemplary embodiment via a downward steam outflow 23.
• a lateral downward steam outflow there is an axial outflow (cf.
• the shaft 4 is supported by shaft bearings 6. These are designed as plain bearings. Water serves as lubricant and coolant for these shaft bearings 6, which is provided by a water supply 70 and a water return 71. The water circuit is kept in motion by a pump 80.
• the circulation water which acts as a cooling and lubricating medium, is supplied to the shaft bearings 6 by water supply channels 72 coming from the water circuit 71. In the shaft bearing 6, the circuit water acts as Coolant and lubricant. The thermal energy generated by sliding friction in the bearing is thus removed from the circulating water.
• the circulating water is fed from the shaft bearings 6 to the water return 70 via water discharge channels 73.
• the circuit water of the water circuit (70, 71) can advantageously take over the cooling of further components of the turboset.
• the circulating water is also used to cool the generator 30.
• the circulation water is fed into the cooling system 33 of the generator 30 via a water supply channel 74 and from there is fed to the water return 70 via a water discharge channel 75.
• the linear drives 222 are cooled, if necessary, by supplying circulating water to them via a water supply channel 76 and supplying them to the water return 71 via a water discharge channel 77.
• the cooling of the frequency converter 5 is effected in the same advantageous manner.
• Its cooling system (not shown) is supplied with circulating water via a water supply channel 78 and the water return 71 is returned via a water discharge channel 79.
• the circuit water (70, 71) is cooled by a heat exchanger 8 by releasing the thermal energy of the circuit water to an open exchanger water circuit 81.
• the circuit water can also be cooled by an air-cooled heat exchanger 9.
• FIG. 2 shows an oil-free steam turbine set with water as a lubricating and cooling medium with axial steam flow.
• Components that correspond to the embodiment of Figure 1 have the same reference numerals.
• the steam turbine set as such again bears the reference number 1.
• the steam turbine unit 2 is connected to the generator unit 3 by a shaft 4 (namely the two partial shafts 41 and 42).
• the partial shafts 41 and 42 are coupled directly to one another via flanges 43.
• the partial shaft 42 carries an armature 31 in the generator 30.
• the stator 32 which is also contained in the generator 30, is adjacent to it.
• the electrical current generated by the generator 30 is fed via lines 51 to a frequency converter 5, which after frequency conversion transforms the electrical current via lines 52 into feeds an electrical network.
• the partial shaft 41 has blades 211 within the turbine 20.
• Guide vanes 212 are located on the static part of the steam turbine 20 within spaces between the rotor blades 211.
• the steam turbine 20 in this exemplary embodiment has a steam outflow device 23 ′, by means of which an axial steam outflow is effected.
• a steam outflow device 23 ′ by means of which an axial steam outflow is effected.
• Such an axial steam outflow is required, in particular, when steam turbines with a generator are installed on a level surface (eg also in a line with a gas turbine).
• the generator 30 is then coupled to the side of the steam inflow 22 of the steam turbine 20.
• the steam outflow device 23 ' is usually followed by a condenser (not shown here) or a counterpressure nozzle (also not shown).
• a steam turbine with axial outflow requires a shaft bearing in the steam flow.
• the bearings 6 are supplied with circulating water through water supply ducts 72.
• the circulating water enters the water return 71 through water discharge ducts 73.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
• Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
• Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
• Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
• Control Of Turbines (AREA)
• Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
• Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=7850197

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (11)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (22)

Family Cites Families (18)

• 1998
  • 1998-11-26 CZ CZ20001940A patent/CZ296581B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1998-11-26 DE DE59809513T patent/DE59809513D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-11-26 PL PL98341027A patent/PL195761B1/pl unknown
  • 1998-11-26 KR KR1020007005778A patent/KR100561796B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1998-11-26 WO PCT/DE1998/003490 patent/WO1999028599A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1998-11-26 EP EP98966767A patent/EP1034357B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-11-26 JP JP2000523451A patent/JP4213862B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1998-11-26 CN CN98811633A patent/CN1119508C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1998-11-26 AT AT98966767T patent/ATE248983T1/de active
  • 1998-11-26 BR BR9815069-3A patent/BR9815069A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2000
  • 2000-05-30 US US09/583,988 patent/US6240730B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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