EP1031393A1 - Herstellung von Metallschäumen - Google Patents
Herstellung von Metallschäumen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1031393A1 EP1031393A1 EP00102816A EP00102816A EP1031393A1 EP 1031393 A1 EP1031393 A1 EP 1031393A1 EP 00102816 A EP00102816 A EP 00102816A EP 00102816 A EP00102816 A EP 00102816A EP 1031393 A1 EP1031393 A1 EP 1031393A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- temperature
- blowing agent
- melting
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
- B22F3/1125—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers involving a foaming process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing Metal foams and the foam-like ones obtained in this way Metal body.
- DE 197 44 300 A deals with the manufacture and use of porous light metal parts or light metal alloy parts, being made from a powder mixture (Light metal or Al alloy and blowing agent) pressed Body in a heated closed vessel with inlet and Outlet opening at temperatures above the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent and / or melting temperature of the metal or the alloy are heated.
- JP 03017236 A describes a method for production metallic article with cavities by placing gases in a Metal melt dissolves and then the foaming process by sudden Pressure reduction initiates. Cooling of the melt stabilized the foam thus obtained.
- WO 92/21457 teaches the production of Al foam or Al alloy foam by blowing gas under the surface of a molten metal, whereby abrasives, such as. B. SiC, ZrO 2 , etc., serve as stabilizers.
- Foam aluminum is melted after infiltration of aluminum into a porous filler by removing it obtained from the solidified metal (Zhuzao Bianjibu (1997) (2) 1-4; ZHUZET, ISSN: 1001-4977).
- the infiltration technique should also be assessed from this perspective, in which one painstakingly removes the porous filler from the foam matrix must remove.
- the dissolving or blowing in of propellant gases in molten metal is not suitable for the production of near-net shape workpieces, because a System consisting of the melt with occluded gas bubbles, is not sufficiently stable in time to be used in shaping tools to be processed.
- the above object is thus achieved in a first embodiment by a method for producing metal foams, wherein one or more metal powders, optionally applied with more or less lumpy metallic or non-metallic, e.g. B. mineral aggregates, mixed with a gas-releasing blowing agent, the mixture in an open or closed form, if necessary preheated to a temperature below the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent, the mixture is then heated to a temperature above the melting temperature of the lowest-melting metal in such a way that the temperature difference between the equilibrium decomposition temperature of the blowing agent and the melting temperature of the metal is bridged in a time period which is shorter than the time required to achieve equilibrium in the blowing agent system / / Propellant gas is required at this temperature and cools the metal foam obtained to a temperature below the melting point of the lowest-melting metal.
- one or more metal powders optionally applied with more or less lumpy metallic or non-metallic, e.g. B. mineral aggregates
- a gas-releasing blowing agent e.
- the method according to the invention dispenses with methods which are responsible in the metal matrix to be foamed for building up a mechanical resistance which counteracts the propellant pressure. It is essential for the present invention, however, that the temperature difference between the equilibrium decomposition temperature of the propellant gas-producing substance or substance mixture and the melting temperature of the metal to be foamed or the melting temperature of the lowest-melting metal in a metal mixture is bridged in a time that is shorter than the time which is required to achieve equilibrium in the blowing agent / propellant system at this temperature.
- the rapid reaching of the melting temperature of the lowest melting metal in a metal mixture to be foamed advantageously allows the use of components compatible with the end matrix (unmelted metal particles) as nucleating agents which promote the uniformity of the metal foam.
- reaction mass is heated quickly induction heating or bombardment with laser radiation.
- reaction heat of a fast, strongly exothermic Process e.g. aluminothermic reduction
- Magnesium hydride used as a gas-releasing blowing agent the is commercially available.
- metal hydrides for example titanium hydride
- carbonates for example calcium carbonate, potassium carbonate, Sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, hydrates, for example Aluminum sulfate hydrate, alum, aluminum hydroxide or easily evaporating substances, for example mercury compounds or powdered organic substances used become.
- the gas-releasing Blowing agent contains the same metal ions as for the melting metal are provided.
- Blowing agent is usually very low. So that's enough Blowing agent proportions in the order of several tenths Weight percent usually from. As particularly cheap in For the purposes of the present invention, blowing agent quantities have been found from 0.1 to 10% by weight, in particular 0.2 to 5% by weight on metal powder.
- steel with a melting point of 1500 ° C. to 1600 ° C. can be foamed with the aid of magnesium hydride ( decomposition ⁇ 280 ° C.) as a blowing agent if a small amount of MgH 2 is added to a powdered THERMIT® mixture and then the ignition of the reaction mixture initiates the aluminothermic reduction of iron oxide to iron.
- magnesium hydride decomposition ⁇ 280 ° C.
- the one obtained after cooling and sawed in the longitudinal direction Regulus according to FIG. 1 contains hydride decomposition Gas pores in metallic iron.
- this embodiment of the invention opens that wide field of "reactive foaming" of metals, with a exothermic process (e.g. a reduction) temporally and spatially to the foaming process (blowing agent decomposition and formation of the molten metal) is coupled.
- a exothermic process e.g. a reduction
- the mechanical dispensable according to the inventive method Pretreatment of the foam-forming mixture leaves almost Any shape for the foamed semi-finished products and prepares the way to mass production.
- Another embodiment of the present invention relates therefore a foam-shaped semi-finished metal product that is used of the method according to the invention is available.
- the quality of the metal foam obtained using the new process depends, for example on the cooling rate of the metal mass.
- Fig. 1 shows the longitudinal profile of the porous steel body.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
In Analogie dazu gilt diese Betrachtung auch für das Eintragen von Treibmitteln in Metallschmelzen.
ein oder mehrere Metallpulver, gegebenenfalls beaufschlagt mit mehr oder minder stückigen metallischen oder nichtmetallischen, z. B. mineralischen Zuschlagstoffen, mit einem gasabspaltenden Treibmittel vermischt,
das Gemisch in einer offenen oder geschlossenen Form gegebenenfalls auf eine Temperatur unterhalb der Zersetzungstemperatur des Treibmittels vorerhitzt,
das Gemisch anschließend auf eine Temperatur oberhalb der Schmelztemperatur des niedrigstschmelzenden Metalls so erhitzt, daß die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen der Gleichgewichtszersetzungstemperatur des Treibmittels und der Schmelztemperatur des Metalls in einer Zeitspanne überbrückt wird, die kürzer ist als die Zeit, die zur Erreichung des Gleichgewichtszustandes im System Treibmittel//Treibgas bei dieser Temperatur erforderlich ist und
den erhaltenen Metallschaum auf eine Temperatur unterhalb des Schmelzpunktes des niedrigstschmelzenden Metalls abkühlt.
Das rasche Erreichen der Schmelztemperatur des niedrigstschmelzenden Metalls in einem aufzuschäumenden Metallgemisch erlaubt in vorteilhafter Weise die Nutzung Endmatrix-verträglicher Komponenten (nichtgeschmolzene Metallpartikel) als die Gleichmäßigkeit des Metallschaums fördernde Keimbildner.
Claims (5)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallschäumen, wobei man ein oder mehrere Metallpulver, gegebenenfalls beaufschlagt mit mehr oder minder stückigen metallischen oder nichtmetallischen, z. B. mineralischen Zuschlagstoffen, mit einem gasabspaltenden Treibmittel vermischt,
das Gemisch in einer offenen oder geschlossenen Form gegebenenfalls auf eine Temperatur unterhalb der Zersetzungstemperatur des Treibmittels vorerhitzt,
das Gemisch anschließend auf eine Temperatur oberhalb der Schmelztemperatur des niedrigstschmelzenden Metalls so erhitzt, daß die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen der Gleichgewichtszersetzungstemperatur des Treibmittels und der Schmelztemperatur des Metalls in einer Zeitspanne überbrückt wird, die kürzer ist als die Zeit, die zur Erreichung des Gleichgewichtszustandes im System Treibmittel//Treibgas bei dieser Temperatur erforderlich ist und
den erhaltenen Metallschaum auf eine Temperatur unterhalb des Schmelzpunktes des niedrigstschmelzenden Metalls abkühlt. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man den Energieeintrag zur Aufschmelzung des Metalls durch Induktionserhitzung, Laserstrahlung und/oder chemische Reaktionswärme vornimmt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man als gasabspaltendes Treibmittel Metallhydride, insbesondere Magnesiumhydride, Carbonate, Hydrate und/oder bei Reaktionstemperatur verdampfende Stoffe einsetzt.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man das gasabspaltende Treibmittel in einer Menge von 0,1 bis 10 Gew.-%, insbesondere 0,2 bis 5 Gew.-%, bezogen auf Metallpulver, einsetzt.
- Schaumförmiges Metallhalbzeug erhältlich nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19907855 | 1999-02-24 | ||
DE19907855A DE19907855C1 (de) | 1999-02-24 | 1999-02-24 | Herstellung von Metallschäumen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1031393A1 true EP1031393A1 (de) | 2000-08-30 |
EP1031393B1 EP1031393B1 (de) | 2004-01-28 |
Family
ID=7898625
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00102816A Expired - Lifetime EP1031393B1 (de) | 1999-02-24 | 2000-02-11 | Herstellung von Metallschäumen |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6444007B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1031393B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE258477T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2298348C (de) |
DE (2) | DE19907855C1 (de) |
NO (1) | NO20000848L (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110111250A1 (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2011-05-12 | Ken Evans | Process for producing a foamed metal article |
CN111250707A (zh) * | 2020-03-14 | 2020-06-09 | 中北大学 | 基于选择性激光熔化成形技术的复合金属发泡粉体材料及其制备 |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6852272B2 (en) * | 2001-03-07 | 2005-02-08 | Advanced Ceramics Research, Inc. | Method for preparation of metallic and ceramic foam products and products made |
JP4344141B2 (ja) * | 2001-05-19 | 2009-10-14 | エボニック ゴルトシュミット ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 金属発泡体の製造 |
DE10161348A1 (de) * | 2001-12-13 | 2003-06-26 | Trw Automotive Safety Sys Gmbh | Fahrzeuglenkrad |
WO2005113179A2 (en) * | 2004-05-14 | 2005-12-01 | Jeanette Garr | A process and system for manufacturing a metal foam product, and uses thereof |
US7582361B2 (en) * | 2004-06-21 | 2009-09-01 | Purgert Robert M | Lightweight structural members |
TW201003024A (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2010-01-16 | Basf Se | Open-cell porous shaped bodies for heat exchangers |
US20150321289A1 (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2015-11-12 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Laser deposition of metal foam |
DE102014209408A1 (de) | 2014-05-19 | 2015-11-19 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Ethoxylatherstellung unter Verwendung hoch aktiver Doppelmetallcyanid-Katalysatoren |
PL3168273T3 (pl) | 2015-11-11 | 2018-10-31 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Polimery utwardzalne |
PL3321304T3 (pl) | 2016-11-15 | 2019-11-29 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Mieszaniny cyklicznych, rozgałęzionych siloksanów typu D/T i ich dalszych produktów |
EP3415547B1 (de) | 2017-06-13 | 2020-03-25 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Verfahren zur herstellung sic-verknüpfter polyethersiloxane |
EP3415548B1 (de) | 2017-06-13 | 2020-03-25 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Verfahren zur herstellung sic-verknüpfter polyethersiloxane |
EP3438158B1 (de) | 2017-08-01 | 2020-11-25 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Herstellung von sioc-verknüpften polyethersiloxanen |
EP3467006B1 (de) | 2017-10-09 | 2022-11-30 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Mischungen zyklischer-verzweigter siloxane vom d/t-typ und deren folgeprodukte |
EP3611215A1 (de) | 2018-08-15 | 2020-02-19 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Verfahren zur herstellung acetoxygruppen-tragender siloxane |
EP3611214A1 (de) | 2018-08-15 | 2020-02-19 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Sioc-verknüpfte, lineare polydimethylsiloxan-polyoxyalkylen-blockcopolymere |
CN112662908B (zh) * | 2021-01-04 | 2023-09-12 | 云南迈特力医疗技术有限公司 | 一种多孔低熔点金属外骨骼的制备装置及方法 |
CN114871433A (zh) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-08-09 | 湖北黄石科创模具技术研究院有限公司 | 一种基于碳酸氢钠颗粒多孔透气钢的制备方法 |
CN115074569B (zh) * | 2022-07-21 | 2023-03-31 | 内蒙古环投环保技术有限公司 | 一种多孔铜合金的制备方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5213612A (en) * | 1991-10-17 | 1993-05-25 | General Electric Company | Method of forming porous bodies of molybdenum or tungsten |
DE19651197A1 (de) * | 1995-12-15 | 1997-06-19 | Susan Dietzschold | Werkstoff zum Herstellen poröser Metallkörper |
DE19734394A1 (de) * | 1996-08-13 | 1998-02-26 | Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel Inst | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallschaum |
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US2895819A (en) * | 1957-09-03 | 1959-07-21 | Bjorksten Res Lab Inc | Method for preparing a catalytic metal foam and use thereof |
US2983597A (en) * | 1959-06-11 | 1961-05-09 | Lor Corp | Metal foam and method for making |
US3087807A (en) * | 1959-12-04 | 1963-04-30 | United Aircraft Corp | Method of making foamed metal |
US3300296A (en) * | 1963-07-31 | 1967-01-24 | American Can Co | Method of producing a lightweight foamed metal |
US3297431A (en) * | 1965-06-02 | 1967-01-10 | Standard Oil Co | Cellarized metal and method of producing same |
WO1989009796A1 (en) * | 1988-04-05 | 1989-10-19 | Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Foamable composition, process for its production, rigid foam, and process for its production |
JPH0317236A (ja) * | 1989-06-14 | 1991-01-25 | Nkk Corp | 発泡金属の製造方法 |
US4973358A (en) * | 1989-09-06 | 1990-11-27 | Alcan International Limited | Method of producing lightweight foamed metal |
DE4101630A1 (de) * | 1990-06-08 | 1991-12-12 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Verfahren zur herstellung aufschaeumbarer metallkoerper und verwendung derselben |
WO1992021457A1 (en) * | 1991-05-31 | 1992-12-10 | Alcan International Limited | Process and apparatus for producing shaped slabs of particle stabilized foamed metal |
DE4206303C1 (de) * | 1992-02-28 | 1993-06-17 | Mepura Metallpulver Ges.M.B.H., Ranshofen, At | |
CH686413A5 (de) * | 1992-06-09 | 1996-03-29 | Matec Holding Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formteilen und Anwendung desselben. |
JP3352584B2 (ja) * | 1996-03-11 | 2002-12-03 | 神鋼鋼線工業株式会社 | 金属発泡体の製造方法 |
AT408076B (de) * | 1996-10-07 | 2001-08-27 | Mepura Metallpulver | Verfahren zur herstellung von schaummetall- bzw. schaummetall/metall-verbund-formkörpern, anlage zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung |
DE59807606D1 (de) * | 1997-06-10 | 2003-04-30 | Goldschmidt Ag Th | Schäumbarer Metallkörper |
-
1999
- 1999-02-24 DE DE19907855A patent/DE19907855C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-02-11 DE DE50005107T patent/DE50005107D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-11 EP EP00102816A patent/EP1031393B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-11 AT AT00102816T patent/ATE258477T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-02-14 CA CA002298348A patent/CA2298348C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-02-21 NO NO20000848A patent/NO20000848L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-02-23 US US09/511,216 patent/US6444007B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5213612A (en) * | 1991-10-17 | 1993-05-25 | General Electric Company | Method of forming porous bodies of molybdenum or tungsten |
DE19651197A1 (de) * | 1995-12-15 | 1997-06-19 | Susan Dietzschold | Werkstoff zum Herstellen poröser Metallkörper |
DE19734394A1 (de) * | 1996-08-13 | 1998-02-26 | Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel Inst | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallschaum |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110111250A1 (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2011-05-12 | Ken Evans | Process for producing a foamed metal article |
US20110111251A1 (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2011-05-12 | Ken Evans | Process for producing a foamed metal article and process for producing a foamable metal precursor |
CN111250707A (zh) * | 2020-03-14 | 2020-06-09 | 中北大学 | 基于选择性激光熔化成形技术的复合金属发泡粉体材料及其制备 |
CN111250707B (zh) * | 2020-03-14 | 2022-04-01 | 中北大学 | 基于选择性激光熔化成形技术的复合金属发泡粉体材料及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6444007B1 (en) | 2002-09-03 |
NO20000848D0 (no) | 2000-02-21 |
CA2298348C (en) | 2008-06-17 |
CA2298348A1 (en) | 2000-08-24 |
ATE258477T1 (de) | 2004-02-15 |
EP1031393B1 (de) | 2004-01-28 |
DE19907855C1 (de) | 2000-09-21 |
NO20000848L (no) | 2000-08-25 |
DE50005107D1 (de) | 2004-03-04 |
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