EP1028183A2 - Method and device for making an effect yarn from continuous filaments - Google Patents

Abstract

To produce a continuous filament effect yarn, the filament bundle is treated before the texturizing stage so that the bundle structure is modified to give a durable action on it until it is texturized. The initial process is an eddy action, fusion or adhesion. A number of filaments are texturized preferably in a stuffing chamber, and bonded together. For texturizing, the filaments are compressed into a plug in the stuffing chamber. A number of filament bundles are mixed together or combined by the texturizing action, to form a texturized yarn drawn out through a common jet. Each filament bundle is formed into a part-plug, for a yarn to be formed from all the part-plugs. The mixed yarn material is compacted after texturizing, such as by eddying. The texturized yarn is taken directly to a bonding station, where it is combined with a further component to give a multi-component yarn. The structure of the effect yarn takes the differences in the filament types used and their different dyeing performance, to combine them according to the required effect taking into account the thickness, the number of fibrils in the bundle, the type of polymer, the cross section of the fibrils and any additive in the filament bundles. The differences in the filament character can be set during the initial eddying action by adjusting the parameters for the pressure in bar, the air volume in kg/h and the temp. in degrees C. An Independent claim is included for an assembly with a station to process the filament bundles in an eddying, fusion or adhesion action, and a stuffer chamber (100) for texturizing. Preferred Features: The eddying action gives discrete braiding points in the filament bundle, which remain in place during the texturizing stage, and the braided points are passed directly into the texturizing stage, in an eddy channel (101,102) leading to the stuffer chamber where the bundles are formed into a plug. The eddying action is at the start of the feed channel, where a fluid flow (103,104) preferably of air is generated downstream of the eddy jet (105) point, to draw the bundle into the channel and move it into the stuffer chamber. The filaments in the bundle are eddied by one or more air streams, using heated air to prevent any shock effects on the hot filaments. A number of filament bundles are texturized simultaneously, where more than one or all the filament bundles have been eddied in advance. The number of braided points in the filament bundles is selected by length units to give open sections between them, to give bonding points for a multi-component yarn where the texturized filaments form a fraction of the final multi-component yarn content. The braided points are restricted to form one-third of the length unit in the filament bundle.

Description

The invention relates to a method and a device for producing a fancy yarn by texturing.

Terms:

The invention is concerned with the so-called "texturing" or "crimping" (crimping). or "bulking" of synthetic filaments (also called "fibrils"), in particular but not exclusively by means of a stuffer box, preferably a thermal / pneumatic chamber. The word "texturing" includes in this description both "ruffling" and "puffing". Preferably one so-called "three-dimensional ripple" generated, as this by air texturing can be achieved by means of a chamber provided with air escape slots.

The use of a stuffer box is not essential to the invention. It is e.g. known, to allow a bundle of filaments to bounce against an impact to thereby to achieve a texturing effect. The preferred method in this case includes so-called plug formation.

a) "Developments and tendencies in BCF Texturing" - Man-made Fiber Yearbook (CTI), 1986, ab Seite 96, und

b) "Air-Jet textured yarns: The effects of process and supply parameters on the properties of the textured yarns", Textile Research Journal, Juni 1988, ab Seite 318.

Air texturing of filaments has been practiced and used for the production of various types of yarn for more than fifteen years - see, for example, the specialist articles

a) "Developments and tendencies in BCF Texturing" - Man-made Fiber Yearbook (CTI), 1986, from page 96, and

b) "Air-Jet textured yarns: The effects of process and supply parameters on the properties of the textured yarns", Textile Research Journal, June 1988, from page 318.

Texturing is carried out on at least one "filament bundle", i.e. on one Bundle that comprises several individual filaments. The filament formed by the Texturing is called "thread" in this description. A "thread" in In this sense, a single bundle of textured filaments can comprise. In this The case is the number of filaments in the textured thread of the number of filaments in the non-textured Filament bundle same. But the thread can contain several such bundles, if several filament bundles are textured with each other and thereby with each other are mixed or connected.

The invention is of particular interest in connection with the manufacture of "Multi-component yarns" i.e. Yarns made up of several interconnected Components are formed, with at least two components relative to one another have at least one "difference". A "thread" in the sense of the previous Paragraph can therefore represent a "multi-component yarn", but it can also consist of be formed only from a component of such a yarn.

• Farbe
• Titer
• Anzahl der einzelnen Filamente bzw. Fibrillen im Filamentbündel
• Polymertyp
• Anfärbbarkeit
• Querschnitt der einzelnen Filamente bzw. Fibrillen
• Additive in den Filamentenbündeln

The term "difference between two filament bundles" includes, for example, differences in

• colour
• Titer
• Number of individual filaments or fibrils in the filament bundle
• Polymer type
• Dyeability
• Cross section of the individual filaments or fibrils
• Additives in the filament bundles

The term "swirl" is also used in this description. The procedure is familiar to the expert. The terminology of the effect of swirling (also sometimes called "interlacing" or "intermingling") is extensive and often confusing. Swirling increases the coherence of a filament bundle by means of Formations that, with other names, e.g. as "swirled areas", "interlacing", "entanglements", "Thread closures", "tight spots", "interlace" and "entanglements" (see e.g. the technical article "Iternat test device for interlacing and tight spots on filament yarns "in chemical fibers / textile industry, February 1986 from page 99 and "Microprocessor-assisted swirl opening length measurement Filament yarns "in man-made fibers / textile industry, April 1984, from page 252). Information regarding the devices available today for this purpose are in the International Fiber Journal (IFJ) dated December 1998, pages 136 to 154. The The effect of swirling is referred to herein as "entanglement", with all variants should be included. If a specific form of integration is meant, this form will be described as such.

The term "compacting" is also used in the description to refer to the same way as this term is used in EP-A-874 072, i.e. for the purpose of a step by which the "compactness" or "coherence" of a filament bundle or thread is increased. Compacting can be done by swirling, but doesn't have to. EP-A-874 072 shows examples of compacting by means of False twist nozzles that do not produce interlacing in the sense of this invention.

Related publication:

The present invention relates to a modification of a method for the production of yarn as published in EP-A-874 072. Extracts from EP-A-874 072 are subsequently described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, which is why here an in-depth explanation can be dispensed with. Such a yarn contains at least two different filament bundles, preferably each bundle separately swirl and then swirl the bundles together to make the yarn form.

State-of-the-art teaching:

DE-A-39 15 691 explains that when crimping one of several filaments formed single thread an unexpected optimization in terms of intensification and homogenization of the texturing process can be achieved if a False twist is generated in the thread channel upstream of the stuffer box. Here the false twist should occur "in the texturing nozzle" because "a false twist immediately in front of the texturing nozzle no beneficial effects on the texturing Has".

For this purpose, it was found in DE-A-40 14 639 that crimping a multi-component thread in a stuffer box, it's a thorough relocation and Mixing of the filaments "comes when" the multi-component thread before entry a time-varying false twist is given up in the stuffer box ".

According to DE-A-42 02 896, however, "the individual differently colored fiber bundles should with a twist ". As described in this Scripture dissolves the false twist (theoretically) after the swirl generator, whereby "anyway ... in the subsequent thermal / pneumatic texturing filaments different colors do not mix ...... nevertheless a ripple arises as if the filaments had no end to each other would have. "

This teaching has recently been confirmed in DE-A-197 46 878.

Accordingly, it has always been assumed that every "conclusion" between the filaments interfere with the actual texturing process, possibly even impracticable will do.

This opinion prevails in particular with regard to one from US Pat. No. 4,025,595 or US-5251363 known swirling step. U.S. Patent 5,251,363 proposes such a step only for separating the components of a multi-component thread to be carried out upstream of the texturing nozzle, if subsequent (or at least before texturing) those created by the swirling Connections between the filaments are dissolved again by stretching become.

According to EP-B-434 601, the individual components of a multi-component thread also be subjected to a "pre-vortex", also in this In case the pre-intermingled fibril bundles should be stretched before entering the texturing nozzle enter.

The present invention:

It has now been recognized that targeted treatment, at least one individual Component of a multi-component yarn, upstream of a texturing nozzle can also be exploited to have a reproducible effect in textured To achieve yarn if a change in the bundle structure caused by the treatment until the texturing step is retained. The invention builds on this new knowledge.

In a first aspect, the invention provides a method according to which at least one Filament bundle is textured, the process being characterized by a pretreatment that causes a permanent change in the bundle structure. The term "pretreatment" here means treatment of the textures to be textured Filaments before they are subjected to the texturing step. The "change of Bundle structure "remains at least as long as it influences the texturing step. It can also remain after texturing. When making one Multi-component games can therefore have the effect of this change in an intermediate (Thread) after texturing and / or in the final yarn product his.

Several filament bundles can be mixed together during texturing or can be combined to form a textured thread together, e.g. thereby, that the texturing takes place in a common chamber. Preferably forms each bundle a plug in the chamber, these "bundle plugs" so side by side are formed so that they unite into a "thread plug". The filaments a thread that arises from it can still be after texturing are more firmly connected, e.g. by means of swirling, the thread can be "compacted".

The textured thread can be passed directly to a connection point where it is connected to another component, thereby forming a multi-component yarn to build. This can be done without an intermediate wrap of the textured Filament for packaging formation take place (see. US-PS-5,804,115).

The pretreatment preferably, however, does not exclusively include swirling. Alternative methods are spot welding (fusion) or gluing.

1. "Intermingling und Co-mingling-Technologie" - Chemiefasern/Textilindustrie, Juni 1990, ab Seite 622.

II. "Mehrkomponenten-Garnherstellung mittels Luftverwirbelung" - Melliand Textilberichte, 9/1994, ab Seite 721.

III. "Model Experiment on Interlaced Yarn" - Journal of the Textile Society of Japan, Vol. 41, No. 2, (1995), ab Seite 39.

IV. "Herstellung und Prüfung von verwirbelten Garnen" - Chemiefasern/Textilindustrie, April 1986, ab Seite 289.

The pretreatment should at least produce a reproducible effect, unless an "arbitrary" effect (random effect) is desired. The effect is also preferably controllable. The swirling can be controlled, for example, via various operating parameters, as can be determined from the following specialist articles (among others):

1. "Intermingling and co-mingling technology" - man-made fibers / textile industry, June 1990, from page 622.

II. "Multi-component yarn production using air swirling" - Melliand Textile Reports, 9/1994, from page 721.

III. "Model Experiment on Interlaced Yarn" - Journal of the Textile Society of Japan, Vol. 41, No. 2, (1995), from page 39.

IV. "Production and testing of intermingled yarns" - man-made fibers / textile industry, April 1986, from page 289.

The invention of course also includes a corresponding device with at least means for texturing a bundle of filaments characterized by means for Carry out a pretreatment that in places causes a permanent change in the Bundle structure causes.

In a further aspect, the invention provides a device for texturing a Filament bundle in front, the device by means of swirling for such Generating discrete entanglements in the filament bundle is characterized in that these interrelations are still present when the texturing is carried out. The interconnections are accordingly to be formed with sufficient strength that they resist the intended thread tension between pretreatment and texturing can. The required strength for a given case must usually be be determined empirically.

The swirling is preferably carried out at a location of this type in the course of the thread, that the interwoven areas are conveyed as directly as possible into the texturing step become. Swirling can e.g. on or in a conveyor channel that leads to a Texturing chamber leads. Swirling takes place e.g. on or in an inlet section of the Channel, wherein a stream of liquid (preferably an air stream) is generated to draw the bundle into and into the duct to promote the texturing chamber, i.e. to pull past the swirl location.

The swirling can (as is well known) by means of an air stream (or several Air flows). The swirling air can be preheated so that it has no quenching effect on the filaments of a preheated bundle of filaments generated.

Several filament bundles can be textured together in the texturing chamber. It can be a bundle, or more than one bundle, or it can all be common textured filament bundles are pretreated by swirling.

The number of interlaces per (any) unit length of the bundle can be chosen in this way that there are "vacancies" between the links, which Connections of the fibrils between components of a multi-component yarn enable.

It is therefore expedient to determine the proportion of the length of the interlocking occupied Limit bundles to one third (for any length unit).

The invention provides a controllable (reproducible) method for influencing the structure and / or appearance of the yarn product, that is, it results an efficient method for creating "effects". In an inventive The number of local entanglements per unit length can be used of the filament, the tightness of the interlacing and the uniformity of the Whirl along the length of the filament bundle with respect to the desired one Effect can be controlled.

As was suggested in U.S. Patent 4,025,595, it is in the manufacture multi-component yarns possible, desired "effects" by "balancing" the individual treatments of individual bundles, by means of the collective treatment, Generate components in one connection step.

Fig. 1

eine Vorrichtung gemäss EP-A-874 072 zur Erzeugung eines mehrfarbigen Garnes aus anders anfärbenden oder unterschiedlich farbigen Teilfäden, schematisch dargestellt,

Fig. 2

eine Variante eines Teiles von Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

eine Variante der Vorrichtung von Fig. 1,

Fig. 4

eine Variante eines Details der Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1,

Fig. 5 und 6

je eine Variante eines Teiles der Fig. 1,

Fig. 7

eine erste Ausführung gemäss der Erfindung,

Fig. 8

eine zweite Ausführung gemäss der Erfindung,

Fig. 9

schematisch ein Filamentbündel vor der Vorbehandlung,

Fig. 10

schematisch das Filamentbündel der Figur 9 nach der Vorbehandlung und vor dem Eintritt in die Stauch- bzw. Texturierkammer,

Fig. 11

schematisch das Filamentbündel der Figur 9 bzw 10 neben ähnlich vorbehandelten Filamantbündel in der Texturierkammer,

Fig. 12

eine weitere Variante gemäss der Erfindung,

Fig. 13

eine Ausführung zur Bildung von einem Mehrkomponentengarn,

Fig. 14

eine Modifikation der Anordnung nach Fig. 14 und

Fig. 15

eine weitere Modifikation dieser Anordnung.

The invention will now be explained on the basis of exemplary embodiments, the closest prior art being described as an introduction using extracts from EP-A-874 072. It shows:

Fig. 1

a device according to EP-A-874 072 for producing a multi-colored yarn from differently colored or differently colored partial threads, shown schematically,

Fig. 2

a variant of a part of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

a variant of the device of Fig. 1,

Fig. 4

1 shows a variant of a detail of the device according to FIG. 1,

5 and 6

1 variant of a part of FIG. 1,

Fig. 7

a first embodiment according to the invention,

Fig. 8

a second embodiment according to the invention,

Fig. 9

schematically a filament bundle before the pretreatment,

Fig. 10

schematically the filament bundle of FIG. 9 after the pretreatment and before entering the stuffer box or texturing chamber,

Fig. 11

schematically the filament bundle of FIGS. 9 and 10 in addition to similarly pretreated filament bundles in the texturing chamber,

Fig. 12

another variant according to the invention,

Fig. 13

an embodiment for forming a multi-component yarn,

Fig. 14

a modification of the arrangement of FIGS. 14 and

Fig. 15

another modification of this arrangement.

The following information serves as an introduction to explain the status of the Technology on the basis of FIGS. 1 to 6. This information is also intended to indicate that the invention can be used in various apparatus arrangements can.

They are swirling nozzles that can be used as compacting agents known from US-4,025,595, or US-3,364,537 or US-3,426,406 and from the False twist nozzles are known from EP-0434601 A1, which are also described in the same Type can be used as a compacting agent.

Furthermore, each of EP-0039763, EP-0110359 A1, EP-0123072 A1, EP-0123829 a texturing nozzle is known, which can advantageously be opened to enable that one or more threads can be added for texturing, the texturing takes place after the texturing nozzle is closed again. There such texturing nozzles in the conveying part work on the injector principle, they are not only able to continue feeding the partial threads after the nozzles have closed, but if necessary, suction, so that non-opening texturing nozzles are also used can be used to bring the threads into the texturing nozzle.

Likewise, a texturing nozzle is known from CH-680140 A5, which at the entrance Injection nozzles, which, to generate a protective twist in the thread, eccentric open into the yarn guide channel.

In the texturing nozzles known from EP-0039763 A1, EP-0123072 A1, EP-0123829 A1 the partial thread is heated and conveyed in one channel or Chamber trained heating and conveying element, and the grafting or curling, or texturing in a second chamber in which the blown heated Gas can escape again, so that a plug can be removed from the chamber can. To cool the plug, it is placed on a transporting cooling element, for example, a rotating cooling drum.

Another texturing device is known from EP-310890 A1 (Rolltex), which a heating and conveying channel for heating and conveying the thread, or the yarn and a needle roller connected to it to form the yarn plug composed, the plug after the needle roller on a cooling drum, to cool the graft.

Likewise, texturing agents are known from US Pat. No. 3,255,508 (Mitsubishi) assemble from a heating and delivery nozzle and a subsequent cooling drum, the plug formation due to the impact of the heated and conveyed thread arises on the cooling drum.

After this introduction, FIGS. 1 to 6 (prior art) explained. The terminology of this part of the description is taken directly from EP-A-874 072 and therefore does not necessarily correspond to the terminology used in the Introduction to the present description is fixed.

Fig. 1 shows a device for producing a multi-colored yarn with here, for example three spinning shafts, each with differently colored partial threads 11 or Generate 11.1 or 11.2. These partial threads 11, 11.1, 11.2 are each via a preparation application agent 2 performed, which is usually an oiling agent. Such yarns can also consist of two or more threads.

After the preparation application means 2, the partial threads 11-11.2 each arrive separately an associated compacting means referred to as precompacting means 3, which is either a known swirling agent or preferably an is a known false twist.

After the precompacting means, the partial threads 11-11.2 are stretched on godets 4 stretched to a predetermined dimension heated or heated, i.e. in the area the glass transition point, or brought into the thermoplastic area. At Swirling is used as a precompacting agent provided such that when stretching the interlaced threads 11-11.2 the Swirl constrictions at least partially again, depending on the type of swirl To get picked up.

After the stretching godets 4, the partial threads 11-11.2 are together in a texturing nozzle 5 textured, primarily due to the partial threads in a heating and conveying element 6 of a conveyor system acting on the injector principle is sucked in, warmed up and be promoted in a crimping element 7. There, due to the escape of the heating and conveying gases between fins 32 or other equivalent air permeable Elements and the resulting reduction in conveying speed and further resulting friction of the individual fibrils of the threads on the wall of the cooling and crimping element 7, the part threads are compressed into a plug, which is then placed on a cooling drum 16. From the operator the plug before or after the cooling drum 16 in crimped threads 11.3 - 11.5 divided and via a take-off roller 33 and, if necessary, via deflecting thread guide 31 each in an associated compacting means, referred to as post-compacting means 8 performed, with the post-compacting means 8 either here known swirling agent or a false twist nozzle.

After the post-compacting means 8, the partial threads 11.3-11.5 are, if necessary, over Deflection thread guide 31 combined on a godet 34, then in one compacted together as collective compacting means 9, that is, either preferably swirled together with known means or wrong together twisted to run again as yarn 12 over a godet 35 and then in Spooler 10 to be wound up. Since these godets are conveyor rollers, can optionally on one or both godets 33 or 34 before or on the Galette 35 after the compacting means 9 or all three godets 33, 34 and 35 are dispensed with what has to be determined by tests depending on the material.

In the latter case, the threads are directly from the winder 10 from the cooling drum 16 and pulled by the post-compacting means 8 and collective compacting means 9.

FIG. 2 shows a variant compared to FIG. 1 for texturing the partial threads 11-11.2 after the stretch godets 4 a heating and conveying element 15 with the same functions as the element 6 and then one known per se from US-3255508 Cooling drum 16 with the additional function of element 7, i.e. the Grafting is formed on the cooling drum 16 and cooled. The other elements correspond the elements already described for FIG. 1 and are therefore not mentioned again.

Fig. 3 shows a variant of Fig. 1 instead of the spinning shafts 1 individual coils with dyed partial threads, also called dyed bobbins 13. As another variant is in Figure 3 for the purpose of texturing the partial threads marked here with 14-14.2, after the stretch godets 4, a heating and conveying element 17 is provided, which is functional corresponds to the aforementioned elements 6 and 15, with a subsequent needle roller 18 and subsequent cooling drum 16 and plug-deflecting element provided between them 30. The combination of elements 17, 18, 16 and 30 is in EP-0310890 A1 described why reference was made to this EP document for further details becomes. The remaining elements correspond to the elements of the aforementioned figures and are therefore not mentioned again. However, it should be mentioned that the use of supply spools 13 (e.g. colored spools) instead of spinning chutes 1, for all Variants of the other figures is possible.

4 shows a combination of stretch godets 4.1 with a known one Surface heating element 19 which is provided between the two stretch godets and in addition to the heating by means of the godets 4 or only the heating of the sliding threads 11-11.2 or 14-14.2.

FIG. 5 shows a variant of a part of FIG. 1, insofar as a texturing nozzle 20, which has a suction part 21 for each thread 11-11.2 or 14-14.2 issued a protective twist to the corresponding thread, followed by the partial threads in the heating and conveying element 21.1 by means of the conveying medium heated and conveyed and in the subsequent crimping element 22 into one Plugs are curled. The individual heating and delivery channels of the Partial threads combined in the crimping element, i.e. that imaginary levels of symmetry of the individual heating and delivery channels intersect in front of the crimping element. The other elements correspond to the elements already described and will therefore not mentioned again.

6 shows, compared to FIG. 5, a further variant of a texturing nozzle in the a texturing nozzle 23 for the filaments, a heating and conveying element 24 and also has a common crimping element 25 in order to separate the individual partial threads for heating and conveying, and texturing together. This leads to the individual Heating and delivery channels of the partial threads side by side into the crimping element, i.e. that imaginary levels of symmetry of the individual heating and delivery channels outside the Cut heating and conveying element 24, the intersection not being shown.

The other elements correspond to the elements already described and are therefore not mentioned again.

The invention can be used in combination with any of those shown in Figures 1-6 Versions or in other conceivable variants can be used. The The texturing agent is therefore only shown schematically below.

FIG. 7 now shows schematically a first embodiment according to the present invention with a texturing or stuffer box 100 and two delivery channels 101, 102 which open into an end section 100.1 of the chamber 100. Through these channels are in operation of the device, a fiber bundle (not shown in FIG. 7) is introduced into the chamber 100. Additional channels could be provided and they could each be a bundle of fibers to lead. The principle is based on the description of an execution with only two bundles clear for the variants with several bundles.

A respective pair of air supplies 103, 104 is assigned to each channel 101, 102 by which conveying air is introduced into the corresponding channel. This conveying air escapes laterally (not shown) from the texturing chamber, which improves the conveying effect subsides so much that the filaments jam and form a plug, which fills the cross section (not shown) of chamber 100. Subsequent filaments bounce against this plug and thereby form loops or ripples or Buckling, as will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 11. The amount of air to promote the individual bundles should use a "common" Texturing chamber 100 versus the amount of air to convey a single bundle be reduced. The optimal amount of air can be determined empirically.

A swirl nozzle is located in or on each duct upstream of the air inlet connections 105 or 106 arranged such that the incoming into the texturing chamber For the time being, the bundle must pass through the respective swirling nozzle. Everyone A respective air supply 107 is assigned to nozzle 105, 106. In this nozzle 105 or 106, a "pretreatment" takes place in the sense of this invention, as follows in more detail is explained.

The swirling air is preferably preheated to a temperature of this type, that it has no quenching effect on the preheated filaments. The preheating of the swirling air is not essential to the invention - the omission could even be used under certain circumstances to achieve an effect. A prerequisite for this, of course, is that the quenching does not result in degradation other essential filament properties.

The elements 101 to 107 are referred to as "module 1", with a "module 2" below is described with reference to Figure 12. Characteristic feature of module 1 is the common texturing chamber 100.

The incoming bundles are textured together in chamber 100 as well is described below with reference to Figures 9 to 11. The textured together Bundles form a "thread" 129 through a suitable compacting step can be performed, as indicated schematically in Figure 7 with the box 108 is. Suitable compacting agents are shown in EP-A-874 072.

FIG. 8 schematically shows a further development with two modules 1 and one common compacting 109 for those from the respective texturing chambers 100 emerging threads (not shown, since only schematically in the sense of a flow chart shown). The two modules 1 are not necessarily identical - the one module could, for example, comprise two delivery channels 101, 102 (variant according to FIG. 7), the other however, more than two channels, each with a filament bundle in the common texturing chamber of the module. By means of the compacting 109, the two of threads formed in each module are combined to form a multi-component yarn 130 which contains all filament bundles that have entered the two modules 1 in FIG. 8. Such a yarn naturally comprises (in this case) two individually textured components, whereby further components are also generated by a module and by Compacting could be combined with the components described.

FIG. 9 schematically shows the structure of a filament bundle 110 before it enters the Swirling nozzle 105 or 106 runs in. The bundle comprises a plurality (preferably between 20 and 200) of individual filaments 131, each individually in the The direction of movement is stretched out, so that the bundle has no significant entanglements includes. This condition can be caused by stretching above the swirl nozzle can be achieved, as has already been explained with reference to Figures 1 to 4.

The swirling in a nozzle 105 or 106 creates interlacing V, which is shown in FIG. 10 are shown schematically. The individual form between these interrelationships V. Filaments "vacancies" S. The individual vacancies S1, S2, S3 etc. are in Figure 10 shown "bulged" for the visualization. The filaments could be in this Condition when there is no longitudinal tensile force on the bundle would. In operation of the texturing device, however, the bundle is downstream from the The swirl nozzle is actually under tension because it is drawn in by the conveying air Pulled towards the texturing chamber. The individual filaments are nevertheless, not all of them are stretched out next to each other because they are in every open position S certain filaments due to the intermingling (i.e. through the formation of loops, which ultimately the interrelationships V have formed) have been effectively "shortened" while other filaments (at the same point S) are still relatively "long" in comparison, because the partial stretches of these filaments integrated in the interlacing are relative are short

The "shorter" filaments in each open position S1 or S2 or S3 etc. are marked by the tension is stretched out while the "longer" filaments are "arched" or even can form further entanglements if they are exposed to air turbulence. The Effect is largely random. It can therefore not be assumed that a filament that has been shortened at one point (e.g. S1), also at the next (or in any other) place is also shortened. The effect is so far reproducible than by controlling known operating parameters (see the Literature listed in the introduction) Average values over predetermined length units of the bundle can be adhered to.

From this description it is clear that the "strength" of an interlacing V of the Length and depends on the "intensity" of the loop formation leading to its formation has led. Loose entanglements will also appear under weaker tensile stresses dissolve again. First the weakly bound "shorter" filaments come loose from the "ball", which makes the interlacing even looser. The tension Therefore, it also gradually works on the longer filaments, so that they also come off hatching dissolving entanglement. Fixed interdependencies called "knots" are increasingly indissoluble in the sense of increasing tension to one leads to even greater integration of practically all constricted filament parts, as a result the friction between the fibrils is increased. If the tension is still there is further increased, then individual, more heavily loaded filaments begin to break, without the linkage can be broken. Between these border areas ("Dissolving" or knotting ") different intermediate stages can be achieved, in particular by controlling the air pressure and the amount of air supplied per Time unit and temperature. These operating parameters must be in relation to the intended tensile stress generated by the conveying air can be selected.

According to this invention, the interrelationships should be so strong that they are at most can be partially resolved by traction before the intertwined Place runs into the texturing chamber. Each bundle therefore still contains such interconnections, if it is compressed in the texturing chamber to form a plug. The corresponding effect will now be explained with reference to FIG. 11. In this figure it was assumed that three filament bundles B1, B2 and B3 side by side in the Texturing chamber lie and together form a plug, which is in this Example from "top to bottom" moved through the chamber. The actual direction of movement in space is not important in and of itself, since gravity is not essential Role play.

The optimal texturing requires the formation of "kinks" in the individual Filaments. In order to achieve the aforementioned three-dimensional texturing, the Buckling does not occur regularly but arbitrarily in different directions (random effect). The effect is well known to the person skilled in the art and will not described in detail here. It is from the literature listed in the introduction removable. From Fig. 11 it is clear that the effect required for texturing in and is impossible at points V due to the permanent interlacing. In the open On the other hand, do not put S, provided that there are still interwoven links V filament stretches of sufficient length to form the required To allow buckling. If this requirement is met, between successive entanglements V in each bundle a "microplug" MP (only two marked). To form such a plug allow, the interlacing should not be more than a third of the filament length (for any unit length, e.g. per meter). Preferably, the Overall, the interlacing does not represent more than a sixth of the filament length.

Experience to date indicates that the individual bundles B1, B2, B3 are in order lie side by side in the texturing chamber, i.e. if the chamber in cross section is considered (not shown), the bundles come in respective segments to lie without moving from one segment to an adjacent segment. Each Bundle B1, B2, B3 thus forms a "partial graft". But it is not that after these textured plugs can be easily separated again after texturing, because "mixing" of individual filaments at the points of contact between the partial plugs takes place, i.e. the loops of individual filaments of the one bundle crowd between the loops of the neighboring bundles. The partial plugs thus form together a plug, which after texturing dissolves to form a thread can be. As has already been described with reference to FIG. 1, this can Thread "compact" (box 108), for which various means are known. Thereby the character (e.g. the bulk) of the thread can be influenced, however also its running properties (e.g. on thread-guiding elements in further processing).

This thread is actually already a "multi-component yarn" in the sense of being single Bundling into a (more or less compact or coherent) coherent Thread have been united. By controlling the loop formation before or during texturing it is possible to achieve "effects" that vary depending on the different Properties (e.g. color of the filaments) of bundles B1, B2, B3t increased can be. The effect can also be influenced, for example, by the fact that the The amount of conveying air and the delivery speed for each bundle are individually selected becomes.

As FIG. 8 shows, it is also possible to achieve further effects by that two (or more) textured threads together by a compacting agent 109 are connected. Such a multi-component yarn does not only include components from jointly textured bundles but also components from individual textured or non-textured threads.

The invention is not restricted to these first examples. Figure 12 shows one with two, but not limited to two filament bundles, each for Filament bundle (not shown) provides its own texturing nozzle 120 (such Variant has also been explained in EP-A-874 072). The nozzle 120 includes one Texturing chamber 121, a delivery channel 122 and air supply lines 123, 124. On or In each channel 122 there is a swirling nozzle 105 with its own air supply 107 (see FIG. 7) provided. The nozzle 105 produces (as in the example according to FIG. 7) interlacing V (Fig. 10), which cannot be textured and therefore represent a certain "effect", which is hardly of commercial interest. What is much more interesting is the effect that comes through the interconnection of several such threads can be achieved, i.e. the combination several such threads to a multi-component yarn. This step can by means of a connection device 125, e.g. a vortex. The combination of the two texturing nozzles with the device 125 is referred to as module 2, the individual texturing is characteristic in this case.

But it is also clear that there are many possible variations, of which only individual examples are indicated in FIGS. 13, 14 and 15. Figure 13 shows two modules X and Y, each producing a textured yarn. Module X can be used as Module 1 or Module 2 and Module Y can also be designed as Module 1 or Module 2 become. The intermediate products emerging from the modules X and Y are in a common compacting 126 interconnected.

FIG. 14 shows the same module X (designed as module 1 or 2) and the same Compacting agent 126, this time in combination with a single texturing nozzle 127, e.g. a nozzle 120 (FIG. 12) with its own swirl 105. The use the swirl 105 in the nozzle 127 is not essential to the invention in this case, if there is a swirl in module X. On the other hand, the turbulence in the Module X is not essential to the invention when swirling in the nozzle 127. With others Words, the invention is also implemented if only at one "place" in the overall process is pretreated. Finally, FIG. 15 also shows the module X and the Compacting 126 together with a yarn feed from a spool 128, i.e. in this In this case, a non-pretreated yarn is supplied as a component and in the end product involved.

• "Verschweissen" durch das stellenweises Verschmelzen der bzw. einiger Filamente eines Bündels.
• Verkleben durch das stellenweise Anbringen eines Klebemittels am Bündel.

The pretreatment provided by the invention is intended to cause a permanent change in the bundle structure in places, but this does not have to be achieved by interlacing interlacing. Are alternative

• "Welding" by partially melting the or some of the filaments of a bundle.
• Glue by applying an adhesive to the bundle in places.

The "adhesive" could be chosen such that it is only a temporary one Effect is achieved, provided that this effect remains until texturing. It Under certain circumstances, water could even be used as an "adhesive" Water in the texturing chamber gradually evaporates, but the texturing process does so is influenced in places.

The welding takes place e.g. through the discontinuous generation of heat in the or on the bundle to be treated. Such heat can e.g. using microwaves are generated, whereby "wave pulses" can be generated to eliminate the discontinuity of the To ensure pretreatment. The frequency and / or the pulse intervals of the microwaves can be changed both to achieve different effects as well to be able to treat different materials.

If the swirling is to be used for pretreatment, the swirling can through a separately formed swirl nozzle attached to the texturing apparatus be achieved. In the preferred arrangement, the swirl nozzle is in the texturing apparatus built in, e.g. by means of at least one additional air supply opening in the inlet section of the conveyor channel. The conveying air and the swirling air originate preferably from the same source and are before the respective entry into the delivery channel about the same air conditioning (preheating). However, these features are not essential to the invention.

The structural change acts in such a way that the subsequent texturing influences at most (as was explained with reference to FIG. 11) is prevented in places.

It is not intended according to this invention to continuously increase the bundle structure change so that the effect of texturing over the entire length of the product, compared to the effect on a template without pretreatment.

Rather, texturing is supposed to take place over most of the bundle length produce its normal effect, being discontinuous (in discrete places) Texturing is influenced by the pretreatment.

One possible effect of the pretreatment is "compacting" in the sense of a reduction the ability of the individual filaments of a multifilament bundle to "mix" the individual filaments of another multifilament bundle. To this It is possible to produce multi-component yarns, the components have individual characters that humans can still perceive, where else rather a monotonous or blurry effect would be achieved. Such effects are particularly useful if the effect to be achieved is an optical effect is. The invention is therefore particularly intended for use where the components have different colors or can be dyed differently beforehand.

The invention can be precompacted e.g. at position 3 in Figures 1 and 4 can be combined. This allows multiple filament bundles to be separated from each other are held until they arrive at a location where the combination is desired. However, it is also possible to use “fractions” in the sense of US Pat. No. 5,804,115 before the pretreatment or texturing, i.e. individual bundles upstream of the swirler to bring them together so that even before the pretreatment (and therefore a certain effect is also achieved before texturing).

Claims (27)

Process, wherein at least one filament bundle is textured by pretreating the bundle, which in places is a permanent change the bundle structure A method according to claim 1, characterized by the formation of plugs during texturing. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a plurality of filament bundles are mixed or combined by texturing, to form a textured thread together, e.g. in that the texturing takes place in a common nozzle. A method according to claim 2 and 3, characterized in that each bundle forms a partial plug and a thread is obtained from the combined partial plug can be. A method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the together mixed threads are compacted after texturing, e.g. by swirling. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the textured thread is forwarded directly to a connection point, where it with a further component is connected, thereby forming a multi-component yarn to build. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that pretreatment is swirling, fusing or gluing includes. Device for texturing a bundle of filaments characterized by means to carry out a pretreatment, which in places is a permanent change the bundle structure. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the texturing in a texturing chamber. Apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the pretreatment by swirling, fusing or gluing. Device for texturing a bundle of filaments characterized by swirling agents for creating discrete interlaces in the filament bundle in this way, that these interrelationships still exist when the texturing is carried out are. Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the swirling on such a place in the thread course is carried out that the intertwined places are conveyed directly into the texturing step. Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the swirling on or takes place in a conveyor channel that leads to a texturing chamber. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the texturing chamber is carried out to form a plug. Device according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the swirling at or in an inlet section of the channel, with the channel downstream generates a liquid flow (preferably an air flow) from the swirling location in order to feed the bundle into the channel and convey it into the chamber. Device according to one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the swirling is accomplished by an air stream (or multiple air streams) becomes. Apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the swirling air is preheated so that it is on the filaments of a preheated bundle of filaments no deterrent effect. Device according to one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that several filament bundles can be textured together. Device according to claim 18, characterized in that more than one bundle or all of the jointly textured filament bundles pretreated by swirling become. Device according to one of claims 11 to 19, characterized in that the number of entanglements per (any) unit length of the bundle selected in this way there will be such "vacancies" between the links are connections between components of a multi-component yarn of which the textured bundle (or the resulting one Thread) a component or a partial component (a "fraction" or "fraction") forms. Device according to claim 20, characterized in that the proportion of the Interlacing occupy the length of the bundle to one third (per any length unit) is limited. Process for producing a multicolored yarn from differently colored or differently colored partial threads, the partial threads being individually guided into a texturing nozzle, jointly textured and then subjected to a collective compaction before they are fed together as a winding,
characterized in that the individual threads are individually pretreated before texturing. A method according to claim 22, characterized in that a pretreatment is carried out separately for each thread before texturing. A method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that said Pretreatment optionally by means of a vortex compaction and / or a fusion and / or a gluing is carried out. Method according to one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that instead of the difference and the different dyeability also other desirable "effects" in relation to yarn structures and appearance of the yarn are obtained by combining partial threads, which are characterized by at least one of the following features additionally distinguish Titer Number of fibrils in the filament bundle Polymer type Cross section of the fibrils Additives in the bundles of fibrils Method according to one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that the pretreatment is effected by swirling and a change in a color effect of the finished yarn is achieved by varying at least one of the following parameters during pretreatment, namely: of pressure (bar) the air volume (kg / h) the temperature (° C) or different colored threads. Device according to one of claims 10 to 26, characterized in that before the pretreatment precompacting agent (3, Fig. 1 or Fig. 3) per thread is provided.

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