EP1026473B1 - Méthode pour la création d'une cible artificielle - Google Patents

Méthode pour la création d'une cible artificielle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1026473B1
EP1026473B1 EP00108677A EP00108677A EP1026473B1 EP 1026473 B1 EP1026473 B1 EP 1026473B1 EP 00108677 A EP00108677 A EP 00108677A EP 00108677 A EP00108677 A EP 00108677A EP 1026473 B1 EP1026473 B1 EP 1026473B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blow
ignition
active substance
projectile
decoy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00108677A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1026473A1 (fr
Inventor
Martin Fegg
Günter Lenniger
Heinz Bannasch
Helmut Pröschkowitz
Fritz Greindl
Rudolf Salzeder
Johannes Grundler
Martin Wegscheider
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Buck Neue Technologien GmbH
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Buck Neue Technologien GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H11/00—Defence installations; Defence devices
    • F41H11/02—Anti-aircraft or anti-guided missile or anti-torpedo defence installations or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H9/00—Equipment for attack or defence by spreading flame, gas or smoke or leurres; Chemical warfare equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/70—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies for dispensing radar chaff or infrared material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for providing a dummy target for protection of land, air or water vehicles or the like in front of missiles, the one in the infrared (IR) or radar (RF) range or one in both wavelength ranges simultaneously or serially have operating destination search head, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • IR infrared
  • RF radar
  • a threat from modern, autonomously operating missiles will increase significantly because even missiles with the latest homing systems due to the collapse of the former Great power of the Soviet Union and generous export regulations, especially Asian ones States find widespread use.
  • the target search systems of such missiles mainly work in the radar range (RF) and in the infrared range (IR). Both the radar backscattering behavior as well as the radiation of specific infrared radiation from targets, e.g. ships Airplanes, tanks etc., used for target finding and target tracking.
  • targets e.g. ships Airplanes, tanks etc.
  • Multispectral IR homing heads work with two detectors that are sensitive in the short- and long-wave infrared range to differentiate between false targets.
  • So-called Dual mode homing heads work in the radar and infrared range. Missiles with such Target search heads are radar-controlled in the approach and search phase and switch in the tracking phase to an IR seeker head or switch it to it.
  • a target criterion of dual mode target seekers is the co-location of the RF backscatter and the IR radiation center of gravity. Due to the possible target coordinate comparison wrong targets (e.g. clutter, like old-fashioned decoys) can be better discarded.
  • the RFund co-location IR effectiveness is therefore a mandatory requirement for a dual mode decoy, to effectively deceive modern dual mode homing heads, i.e. of a to direct the object to be protected to an apparent target. Only the smallest possible Resolution cell of the target seeker (RF and IR) relevant for the co-location.
  • a generic method is, for example, from “Le ancestral franco-britannique Sibyl”, Revue International De Defense, Cointrin-Genève, Volume 15, No. 10, 1982, pages 1405 to 1408, (basis for the preamble of claim 1), “Cartouche-leurre Gemini”, Revue International De Defense, Cointrin-Genève, Volume 10, No. 3, 1997, page 500, "Wallop élargit sa Jur de materials de boat opposition", Revue International De Defense, Cointrin-Genève, Vol. 15, No. 12, 1982, pages 1741 to 1744, and US-A-3,841,219 known.
  • the object of the invention is to further develop the generic method in such a way that that IR and / or RF guided missiles are safe from an actual target that means an object to be protected, directed away and directed towards an apparent target.
  • an activation and distribution device in the form of an ignition and blow-out unit arranged in the center of the decoy floor, around which the active masses are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the decoy floor the IR active mass is activated and distributed as well as the RF active mass in the form of dipole packets, which are protected from the exhaust heat by at least one heat shield and be distributed.
  • At least one elastic film is used as the heat shield (s) will / will extend through the entire RF active mass.
  • radar dipoles (Düppel) rolled up as the RF active mass made of aluminum or silver-coated glass fiber threads with a thickness in the range of about 10 up to 100 ⁇ m can be used.
  • dipole packets are used which are arranged in this way are that they open immediately when blowing out.
  • dipole packets are used for protection before slipping into each other by at least one heat-resistant film be separated.
  • a pyrotechnic for lighting and blowing out Charge is used, which is ignited by an ignition retarder, which by the Burnout of a propellant charge for the decoy shell is ignited.
  • an RF active mass is used which is based on its middle surface is surrounded by a paper, cardboard or plastic film sleeve.
  • the active masses including the activation and Distribution device jointly ejected from a projectile sleeve by means of a delivery part become.
  • an ejection propellant be used to eject the application part is ignited by the ignition retarder, which is preferably pyrotechnic.
  • the active masses are ring-shaped in succession in the direction of flight are arranged around the ignition and blow-out unit, the ignition and blow-out unit Ignition and blowout charge and blowout openings includes, and the ignition and blowout charge in such a way matched to the number and cross section of the blow-out openings used Quantity is used that no large acceleration forces on the active masses act.
  • the invention proposes that a projectile with a caliber in the range about 10 to 155 mm is used.
  • MWIR flares IR active mass with flares with a medium wave Radiation component
  • an RF active mass is used, the proportion of which of the total active weight is more than 50%.
  • the invention is based on the surprising finding that when used simultaneously an IR and an RF active mass that act simultaneously and at the same location (co-location) are brought about, thereby providing an effective apparent target that dual-mode target seekers, but also only working in a wavelength range (IR or RF range) Target seekers are distracted from an object to be protected, due to the special Arrangement of the ignition and blow-out unit a particularly simple activation and distribution the active mass is possible, and the dipole packages used as the RF active mass can also be easily protected from the exhaust heat by at least one heat shield.
  • Fig. 1 shows the phases II to III schematically. Ignition and launch according to phase I proceeds according to the state of the art.
  • the active substances are included an activation and distribution mechanism in flight from the projectile casing the camouflage body ejected to a subsequent distribution of the active mass without To achieve insulation, which has the advantage that the distribution of the active masses no excessive pressure acts on the active masses.
  • the distribution of the IR active mass but in particular the distribution of the RF active mass is sustainably improved.
  • an effective distribution of active mass is achieved by central blowing out.
  • Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a decoy, which according to the particular sketched in Fig. 1 Embodiment of the method according to the invention works.
  • 1 is a complete Secondary part for inductive ignition energy absorption characterized by a primary part.
  • the secondary part 1 consists of magnetic material, preferably iron.
  • the windings of the secondary coil 2 consist of insulating varnish treated copper wire.
  • the number of windings preferably corresponds to that of one Primary coil, but a transformation is possible in principle.
  • a preferably flared one Bottom cover 3 serves as the lower fuse closure of the decoy.
  • the bottom cover 3 is preferably made of metal.
  • a version made of glass or carbon fiber reinforced plastic is also possible.
  • the outer launching body forms a housing sleeve 4, which is preferably consists of pure aluminum with an aluminum content of more than 99%.
  • the housing sleeve 4 remains in the magazine.
  • a bottom ring 5 creates a distance from a pressure chamber 6.
  • the Pressure chamber 6 receives the propellant gas which is emitted when a propellant charge 8 burns off of the decoy floor is created.
  • the propellant charge 8 is ignited by means of a squib 7 and preferably consists of a powder driving set, preferably black powder or black powder-like propellants such as nitrocellulose powder.
  • An ignition retarder 11 is used for Definition of the route until an IR active mass 19 and an RF active mass 21 are emitted.
  • the ignition retarder 11 is pyrotechnic and has a burn-through time of 2 seconds. Such ignition retarders are commercially available. The use is also conceivable a freely programmable electronic ignition retarder for variable setting the flight duration.
  • a connector 12 includes the ignition retarder 11 and an ejection propellant 13 for ejecting a dispensing part 14.
  • the connecting part 12 is preferably made of metal manufactured.
  • the ejection propellant 13 comprises a powder propellant, preferably black powder or black powder-like propellants such as nitrocellulose.
  • the application part 14 serves as Sabot for the ejection propellant 13 and is designed such that it as a holder for one Ignition retarder 15 and for a blow-out pipe 16 is used.
  • the application part 14 is preferably made of an aluminum casting or milled part.
  • the ignition delay 15 comprises a pyrotechnic Delay piece that ignites an ignition / disassembly kit 18 when the dispensing part 14 has left the projectile sleeve.
  • the ignition delay 15 has a burning time of approximately 0.1 seconds.
  • the blow-out pipe 16 serves as a receiver for the ignition / dismantling kit 18 and for control purposes the blowing speed. The blow-out speed depends on the length of the blow-out pipe 16 and the ratio of the total cross section of blow-out openings 17 to Amount of ignition / dismantling kit 18.
  • the ratio is preferred chosen so that a blow-out time of 0.1 seconds is achieved.
  • the blow pipe 16 must be manufactured in such a way that there is as little plastic deformation as possible during the blowing process entry.
  • the exhaust pipe 16 was made of steel.
  • the exhaust openings 17 must be attached in such a way that an even distribution of the RF and IR active masses 19 and 21 is reached. This is preferably achieved in such a way that one Blow-out opening 17 meets a position of the RF active mass 21.
  • the ignition / disassembly kit 18 includes a pyrotechnic phrase that burns a comparable amount of gas supplies. Magnesium barium nitrate or aluminum perchlorate are preferably used for this purpose. The amount of the ignition / disassembly kit 18 depends on the blow-out pipe 16.
  • the IR active mass 19 contains the IR active mass known from German patent DE-PS 43 27 976 MWIR flares. In principle, however, all IR active masses that can be used can be used Have the ignition charge activated. In the embodiment, disc-shaped MWIR flares used with 1/3 division. A cutting disc 20 protects the RF active mass 21 from burning MWIR flares of the IR active mass 19.
  • the cutting disc 20 can be made of metal or preferably be made of fire-resistant film.
  • the design of the RF active mass 21 is more detailed shown in Fig. 3.
  • the RF active mass 21 is rolled up for heat protection reasons Radar plug with dipoles 30 made of aluminum or silver-coated glass fiber threads used with a thickness in the range of about 10 to 100 microns.
  • the dipole length is 17.9 mm. Dipole lengths from approx. 1 mm to approx. 25 mm are also possible and provided.
  • the number the wraps of the individual dipole packages (chaff packages) are variable from 1 upwards. Preferably 1.5 windings are used for the packages.
  • the output of the active masses before Activation and distribution as well as the appropriate "packaging" of the dipoles 30 serves to clump together and to avoid fusion and a distance from dipole to dipole of about 7 to 10 ⁇ and thus to generate a high radar backscatter cross section.
  • the packaging must always be be flexible enough to release the dipoles 30 independently and without external influence protect them from the effects of heat from the ignition and blow-out charge.
  • the Packaging of the dipoles matched to the distribution principle, i.e. the packaged dipoles are 30 arranged so that they open immediately when blowing out.
  • the slipping of the dipoles 30 is preferably Capton® or Milinex® used.
  • Intermediate foils 32 can also be used aluminum foils of different thicknesses.
  • a thin aluminum cover 33 which can also be a paper or cardboard cover that the RF active mass 21 not distributed immediately after ejection from the projectile sleeve, but remains together for as long as until the igniter charge 18 burns. This ensures that the Total energy of the charge can act on the RF active mass 21.
  • a lid 23 is used for Completion of a projectile sleeve 22 and fixes the blow pipe 16 from above.
  • the cover 23 can be made heavy metals such as Cast iron, or brass, are made to be the focus of the Move the decoy body as far forward as possible. This can stabilize the Flight can be achieved.
  • the cover 23 is sealed by a sealing ring 24 to the projectile sleeve 22, which is preferably drawn from aluminum with a degree of purity of over 99%.
  • 25 represents a closure piece of the blow pipe 16 and ensures that the relatively dangerous Splitter charge can be inserted into the decoy as the last step.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of a decoy body, which according to a special Embodiment of the method works.
  • 4 are the same reference numerals as in Fig. 2 used.
  • An essential difference is that the projectile is not a projectile sleeve (identified by reference numeral 22 in FIG. 2).
  • the IR active mass 19 and RF active mass 21 before their activation and distribution not from a projectile sleeve are ejected and are thus the ejection propellant charge (with reference number 13 in Fig. 2 marked) for the dispensing part 14 and the ignition retarder (with reference numerals 15 marked in Fig.
  • the spreading part 14 also no longer serves to eject the active masses 19, 21 from a projectile sleeve.
  • the RF active mass 21 is of a paper or cardboard sleeve 33a instead of an aluminum sleeve (reference numeral 33 in Fig. 3) surrounded.
  • This paper or cardboard sleeve 33a together with the central one Blow-out pipe 16 out, the RF active mass 21 in front of the flight phase despite the inflow of air the actual activation and distribution.
  • a securing element 34 ensures for down tube security.
  • the decoy shown in Fig. 4 has due to the missing projectile sleeve the advantage that it is easier compared to a decoy with a projectile sleeve to manufacture and is much cheaper.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Procédé de création d'un leurre destiné à protéger les engins terrestres, aériens ou nautiques ou analogues contre les mobiles aériens qui présentent une tête chercheuse opérant dans la plage de portée des infrarouges (IR) ou des radars (RF) ou une tête chercheuse opérant simultanément ou en série dans les deux longueurs d'ondes, dans lequel une masse active IR (19), émettant dans la plage de rayonnement IR et une masse active RF (21) rétro-diffusant un rayonnement RF sont actionnées en position adéquate en tant que leurre, la masse active IR (19) et la masse active RF (21) étant actionnées simultanément et au même endroit, caractérisé en ce que la masse active IR (19) est activée et répartie et la masse active RF (21), sous forme de paquets de dipôles (30, 31, 32, 33, 33a), protégés de la chaleur de soufflage par au moins un bouclier thermique (31, 32) est tourbillonnée et répartie par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif d'activation et de répartition, sous forme d'une unité d'allumage et soufflage (15, 16, 17, 18) disposée au centre du projectile du leurre et autour duquel les masses actives (19, 21) sont disposées l'une derrière l'autre.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un film élastique (31, 32) au moins, s'étendant à travers l'ensemble de la masse active (21) est respectivement utilisé.
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que des dipôles à radar enroulés (30) (paillettes) en fils de fibres de verre revêtus d'aluminium ou d'argent, d'une épaisseur située dans la fourchette de 10 à 100 µm environ sont utilisés en tant que masse active RF (21).
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que des paquets de dipôles (30, 31, 32, 33, 33a), disposés de manière à s'ouvrir directement lors du soufflage sont utilisés.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que des paquets de dipôles (30, 31, 32, 33, 33a), qui pour leur protection contre un coulissement l'un dans l'autre sont respectivement séparés entre eux par au moins un film résistant à la chaleur (31, 32) sont utilisés.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une charge pyrotechnique (18), allumée par un temporisateur d'allumage (15), qui est allumé par la combustion complète d'une charge de propulsion (13) pour le projectile du leurre est utilisée pour l'allumage et le soufflage.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la charge pyrotechnique (18) de l'unité d'allumage et de soufflage est brûlée jusqu'à combustion complète à l'intérieur d'un tube (16), disposé au centre du projectile et équipé d'orifices de soufflage (17) définis.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une masse active RF (21), qui sur sa surface centrale est entourée d'une gaine en papier, en carton ou en matière plastique est utilisée.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les masses actives (19, 21), y-compris le dispositif d'activation et de répartition (15, 16, 17, 18) sont expulsés simultanément de la douille du projectile (22), au moyen d'une pièce de lancement.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'une charge d'expulsion (13), allumée par le temporisateur d'allumage (11) lequel est de préférence pyrotechnique est utilisée pour l'expulsion de la pièce de lancement (14).
  11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que dans le sens du vol, les masses actives (19, 21) sont disposées l'une derrière l'autre sous forme annulaire autour de l'unité d'allumage et de soufflage (15, 16, 17, 18), en ce que l'unité d'allumage et de soufflage (15, 16, 17, 18) comprend une charge d'allumage et de soufflage (18), ainsi que des orifices de soufflage (17) et en ce que la charge d'allumage et de soufflage (18) est utilisée dans une quantité définie en fonction du nombre et de la section des orifices de soufflage (17) de manière à ce qu'aucune force d'accélération importante n'agisse sur les masses actives (19, 21).
  12. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un projectile de calibre situé dans la fourchette de 10 à 155 mm est utilisé.
  13. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une masse active IR (19) avec des flares à fraction de rayonnement à ondes moyennes (flares MWR) est utilisée.
  14. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une masse active RF (21) dont la fraction est supérieure à 50 % de la masse active totale est utilisée.
EP00108677A 1996-05-03 1997-04-01 Méthode pour la création d'une cible artificielle Expired - Lifetime EP1026473B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19617701A DE19617701C2 (de) 1996-05-03 1996-05-03 Verfahren zum Bereitstellen eines Scheinziels
DE19617701 1996-05-03
EP97105393A EP0805333B1 (fr) 1996-05-03 1997-04-01 Méthode pour la création d'une cible artificielle

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97105393A Division EP0805333B1 (fr) 1996-05-03 1997-04-01 Méthode pour la création d'une cible artificielle

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1026473A1 EP1026473A1 (fr) 2000-08-09
EP1026473B1 true EP1026473B1 (fr) 2002-08-07

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EP97105393A Expired - Lifetime EP0805333B1 (fr) 1996-05-03 1997-04-01 Méthode pour la création d'une cible artificielle
EP00108677A Expired - Lifetime EP1026473B1 (fr) 1996-05-03 1997-04-01 Méthode pour la création d'une cible artificielle

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97105393A Expired - Lifetime EP0805333B1 (fr) 1996-05-03 1997-04-01 Méthode pour la création d'une cible artificielle

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5835051A (fr)
EP (2) EP0805333B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3181240B2 (fr)
DE (3) DE19617701C2 (fr)
DK (2) DK0805333T3 (fr)
SG (1) SG55308A1 (fr)
TW (1) TW355204B (fr)

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EP0805333B1 (fr) 2000-11-08
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DE19617701A1 (de) 1997-11-20
EP1026473A1 (fr) 2000-08-09
DE19617701C2 (de) 2000-01-13
DK0805333T3 (da) 2001-02-05
JP3181240B2 (ja) 2001-07-03
TW355204B (en) 1999-04-01
EP0805333A3 (fr) 1998-01-14
DK199900457U1 (da) 1999-12-30
US5835051A (en) 1998-11-10
JPH112499A (ja) 1999-01-06
DE59707940D1 (de) 2002-09-12
DE59702585D1 (de) 2000-12-14

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