EP1011934B1 - Razor blade and cartridge including same - Google Patents

Razor blade and cartridge including same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1011934B1
EP1011934B1 EP98907644A EP98907644A EP1011934B1 EP 1011934 B1 EP1011934 B1 EP 1011934B1 EP 98907644 A EP98907644 A EP 98907644A EP 98907644 A EP98907644 A EP 98907644A EP 1011934 B1 EP1011934 B1 EP 1011934B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
blade member
waves
axis
cutting edge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98907644A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1011934A2 (en
Inventor
Steve Syng-Hi Hahn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gillette Co LLC
Original Assignee
Gillette Co LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gillette Co LLC filed Critical Gillette Co LLC
Publication of EP1011934A2 publication Critical patent/EP1011934A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1011934B1 publication Critical patent/EP1011934B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B21/00—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor
    • B26B21/54—Razor-blades
    • B26B21/56—Razor-blades characterised by the shape
    • B26B21/565—Bent razor blades; Razor blades with bent carriers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B21/00—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor
    • B26B21/54—Razor-blades
    • B26B21/56—Razor-blades characterised by the shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/60—Making other particular articles cutlery wares; garden tools or the like
    • B21D53/64—Making other particular articles cutlery wares; garden tools or the like knives; scissors; cutting blades
    • B21D53/645—Making other particular articles cutlery wares; garden tools or the like knives; scissors; cutting blades safety razor blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B3/00—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools
    • B24B3/36—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools of cutting blades
    • B24B3/48—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools of cutting blades of razor blades or razors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B21/00—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor
    • B26B21/54—Razor-blades

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a razor blade, a cartridge including the razor blade, and a method of making the razor blade.
  • Razor blade cartridges typically include plastic housings that are attached to or made integral with a handle and have one or more fixed or movable razor blades mounted on the housing.
  • the housing typically includes a guard structure in front of the blades that engages and stretches the skin in front of the blades and a cap structure behind the blades that slides over the skin.
  • the blade tangent angle for a blade is defined as the angle made by a line drawn through the central longitudinal axis of the blade cross section and extending from the cutting edge of the blade, and a tangent line drawn between the top surfaces of the structures contacted by the skin immediately in front of the cutting edge and the tip of the cutting edge.
  • Blade exposure is defined as the distance of the cutting edge above or below a tangent line drawn between the top surfaces of the structures in front of and behind the cutting edge; the distance is measured normal to the tangent line.
  • Razor blades are typically sharpened and processed to provide the desired shape and hardness prior to mounting on the housing.
  • flat razor blade members having straight cutting edges are supported on L-shaped supports that are resiliently mounted on the housing.
  • Slicing cuts typically occur when a straight cutting edge is inadvertently moved sideways (i.e., transverse to the usual upward or downward motion of the razor) on the skin such that the straight razor edge slices into the skin. This sideways movement can cause the blade edge to act as a knife cutting cleanly through the skin.
  • WO-A-8502809 discloses a blade for a shaving razor including a generally flat blade member having a width along a width axis, a length along a transverse length axis and smaller dimensions along a thickness axis that is normal to both of said width axis and said length axis, said blade member having a nonlinear front cutting edge that generally extends along said length axis and is defined by a plurality of waves having crests and valleys extending above and below said length axis in a direction that is parallel to said thickness axis. Also disclosed is a razor blade cartridge comprising a housing, and said aforementioned blade mounted in said housing.
  • a blade for a shaving razor including a generally flat blade member having a width along a width axis, a length along a transverse length axis and smaller dimensions along a thickness axis that is normal to both of said width axis and said length axis, said blade member having a permanently formed cutting edge that generally extends along said length axis, and is defined by a plurality of waves having gently curving crests and valleys extending above and below said length axis in a direction that is parallel to said thickness axis, characterized in that said nonlinear front cutting edge is located in a plane that is parallel to said thickness axis, said blade member having an elastic limit and being deformed beyond said elastic limit with an applied force to create said nonlinear cutting edge and said waves such that the blade member has a shape and maintains said shape in the absence of said applied force, whereby said blade provides a variable blade tangent angle along said cutting edge.
  • the blade includes an "L-shaped" support under the blade member; the support is thicker than the blade member, and includes an upper portion to which the blade member is attached and an extension extending downward therefrom; the upper portion has a plurality of waves that are aligned with the waves of the blade member.
  • the blade member has a length of between 2.54 to 5.08 cm (1 "to 2", respectively) and has between 2 and 24 waves (most preferably between 6 and 18 waves).
  • the waves have an amplitude between crests and valleys of less than 0.031 cm (0.012"), preferably between 0.005 and 0.010 cm (0.002" and 0.004", respectively), and most preferably about 0.008 cm (0.003").
  • the blade member is made of metal between about 0.005 and about 0,025 cm (about 0.002" and about 0.010", respectively) thick, preferably between about 0.008 and about 0.010 cm (about 0.003" and about 0.004") thick.
  • the waves have an amplitude of distance between the crests and valleys that is between 50% and 150% of the thickness of the metal, most preferably between 75% and 125% of the thickness.
  • the waves preferably extend throughout the width of the blade member.
  • a razor blade cartridge including a housing having a guard, and a blade mounted on said housing behind said guard, said blade including a generally flat blade member having a width along a width axis, a length along a transverse length axis, and smaller dimensions along a thickness axis that is normal to both of said width axis and said length axis, said blade member having a permanently formed nonlinear front cutting edge that generally extends along said length axis and is defined by a plurality of permanently formed waves having gently curving crests and valleys extending above and below said length axis in a direction that is parallel to said thickness axis, characterized in that said nonlinear front cutting edge is located in a plane that is parallel to said thickness axis, said blade member having an elastic limit and being deformed beyond said elastic limit with an applied force to create said nonlinear cutting edge and said waves such that the blade member has a shape and maintains said shape in the absence of said applied force, whereby said blade provides a
  • the cartridge has a plurality of blades, and the waves in one blade member preferably are aligned with the waves in another blade member.
  • the housing has connecting structure for connection to a handle and pivoting structure providing pivoting of the housing with respect to the handle.
  • the connecting structure and the pivoting structure are provided by a structure that provides a pivotal connection between the cartridge and the handle.
  • the blade members are mounted on an upper portion of an "L-shaped" support that also has a downward extension that is slidably mounted within a slot in the housing, the upper portion having waves aligned with waves in the blade member.
  • blade(s) may be fixedly mounted on a platform portion of the housing, and may be separated by a spacer.
  • a blade for a shaving razor including a generally flat blade member having a width along a width axis, a length along a transverse length axis, and smaller dimensions along a thickness axis that is normal to both of said width axis and said length axis, said blade member having a permanently formed nonlinear front cutting edge that generally extends along said length axis and is defined by a plurality of permanently formed waves having gently curving crests and valleys extending above and below said length axis in a direction that is parallel to said thickness axis, characterized in that said nonlinear front cutting edge is located in a plane that is parallel to said thickness axis, said blade member having an elastic limit and being deformed beyond said elastic limit with an applied force to create said nonlinear cutting edge and said waves such that the blade member has a shape and maintains said shape in the absence of said applied force, said waves having an amplitude of distance between said crests and valleys selected to be greater than an amplitude that
  • the invention features, in general, a blade with a strengthened wavy blade member as has already been generally described, the strengthened blade member having a moment of inertia that is at least 20% greater (preferably at least 35% greater) than a moment of inertia for a flat, linear edged blade member made of material having the same thickness as the strengthened blade member with waves.
  • the invention features, in general, a method of making a blade that includes sharpening a generally flat blade member to form a linear cutting edge that extends along a length axis, and thereafter deforming the blade member to cause a nonlinear, wavy front cutting edge as has already been generally described.
  • the blade member is mounted on a portion of a support prior to the deforming step, and both the blade member and the portion of the support underneath the blade member are deformed.
  • the blade member is preferably mounted on the support by spot welds located at valleys or crests (preferably valleys) of the waves.
  • the deforming includes bending between opposed dies that preferably have nonmatching surfaces so as to provide regions for material flow of the blade member and the support portion thereunder during deforming.
  • the dies have surfaces that cause three-point or four-point bending of the blade member and the support portion thereunder.
  • Embodiments of the invention may include one or more of the following advantages.
  • hairs being cut can be subjected, in successive strokes, to different portions of the blade having different blade tangent angles, potentially providing for a closer cutting of hairs with varying orientation.
  • the wavy nature of the blade may provide for better skin engagement and skin-stretching, and, in the case of a two or three blade system, the first blade functions as a front guard for a blade behind it.
  • the wavy nature of the blade and/or its support additionally strengthens the blade structure and promotes blade stiffness, reducing uncontrolled blade edge flexure which may cause unpredictable or variable blade contact angles and/or exposure with the surface of the skin.
  • razor blade 10 including blade member 12 and angled support 14.
  • Blade member 12 is generally flat and has a width along width axis W, a length along transverse length axis L, and smaller dimensions along thickness axis T that is normal to width axis W and length axis L.
  • Support 14 has upper portion 16 to which blade member 12 is preferably attached by thirteen spot welds 18.
  • Support 14 also has elongated extension 20 thereunder.
  • Blade member 12 has a nonlinear front cutting edge 13 that generally extends along length axis L and preferably is defined by twelve waves 15 having crests and valleys extending above and below length axis L in a direction that is parallel to thickness axis T. Waves 15 extend rearward from front cutting edge 13 parallel to each other preferably over the entire width of blade member 12. Upper portion 16 has twelve waves 17 corresponding to and aligned with waves 15. The valleys of the waves occur at spot welds 18. Waves 15, 17 are smooth and have crest to valley amplitudes below 0.031 cm (0.012"), preferably between 0.005 and 0.010 cm (0.002" and 0.004"), and most preferably about 0.008 cm (0.003").
  • the amplitude of 0.008 cm (0.003") is believed to be sufficiently high to provide good protection against "slash" sideways cuts but not so high as to cause undue discomfort or irritation and propensity to cause nicks and cuts during normal up and down shaving strokes.
  • the amplitude also yields acceptable overall shaving comfort values as compared to flat blades based upon shave tests and accepted statistical analysis. It is believed that a value of crest to valley amplitude greater than 0.003 cm (0.001”) provides a minimum level of protection against sideways slash cuts and that values above 0.031 cm (0.012”) will result in undue irritation.
  • Fig. 4 shows undeformed blade 10' including flat blade member 12' and support 14' prior to forming.
  • Blade member 12' is preferably made of 0.008 or 0.010 cm (0.003" or 0.004") thick razor blade quality stainless steel which is martensitic and has a uniform thickness section with a width "d" of about 0.084 cm (0.033") and a sharpened portion extending in front for a dimension "c" of about 0.031 cm (0.012").
  • Upper portion 16' preferably has a dimension "b” of 0.083 cm (0.0325").
  • Support 14' is made of 0.028 cm (0.011") thick stainless steel. Extension 20' of support 14' extends downward from upper platform 16 a distance of 0.0151 cm (0.0596").
  • razor blade cartridge 22 has housing 24 with arcuate surface 26 for providing a pivotal shell type bearing connection to a razor handle (not shown). Housing 24 supports two movable blades 10 in respective slots 25 in the side walls of the housing. Blades 10 are biased upward to the positions shown in Fig. 5 by spring members 28. The crests 80 and valleys 82 of cutting edge 13 of the first blade 10 are preferably aligned with the crests 80 and valleys 82 of the cutting edge of the second blade 10 in order to avoid regions of excessive exposure that could cause undue nicking (see Fig. 11).
  • Cartridge 22 also has flexible fin guard member 30 in front of the blades and lubricating strip 32 at cap section 34.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,498,357 describes such a moving-blade cartridge design.
  • alternative razor blade cartridge 40 includes two fixed blades 42 on sandwiched platform support 44.
  • Cartridge 40 also has guard member 46 and cap member 48.
  • Blades 42 have waves of the same shape and amplitude as blade member 12, and the crests and valleys of the two blades are aligned.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,026,016 describes such a fixed blade, cartridge design.
  • blade member 12' is preferably sharpened, coated, and sintered according to techniques well-known in the industry to obtain undeformed blade 10' as shown in Fig. 4.
  • U.S. Patents Nos. 3,652,443; 3,761,374; and 3,829,969 describe such techniques.
  • the blade member 12' is preferably secured to support upper portion 16' by laser spot welding, as described in U.S. Patent No. 4,379,219.
  • an undeformed blade 10' is formed in apparatus 49 between upper die 52 and lower die 50 to provide waves 15 and 17 (Fig. 3).
  • Portion 16' of support 14' (Fig. 4) is supported on lower die 50.
  • Upper die 52 is moved downward toward and contacts blade member 12'. With continued downward movement of upper die 52 toward lower die 50, blade member 12' and upper portion 16' are deformed, resulting in waves 15 and 17 extending throughout the width of blade member 12' and the underlying area of upper portion 16', respectively.
  • Upper die 52 continues downward until it reaches stop 54, which determines the amount of maximum deflection of blade member 12' and upper portion 16'.
  • Upper die 52 is then raised, and blade 10' elastically returns to approximately 50% of the maximum deflected value.
  • a maximum die deflection of amplitude of about ⁇ 0.008 cm ( ⁇ 0.003") which corresponds to a crest to valley amplitude of about 0.015 cm (0.006"), results in a preferable final crest to valley wave amplitude of about 0.008 cm (0.003").
  • Opposed dies 50 and 52 have nonmatching surfaces so as to provide regions for material flow during forming of undeformed blade member 12' and undeformed upper support portion 16' into formed blade member 12 and formed upper support portion 16.
  • upper die 52 is used with lower die 50 (Fig. 8) for three-point bending
  • upper die 52 is used with lower die 50' (Fig. 9) for four-point bending.
  • Three-point or four-point bending is used to permit material flow during the deflection and deformation process and to permit forming of upper portion 16' while extension 20' remains flat.
  • upper die 52 has thirteen semi-circular ridges 56 with center-to-center spacing of 0.302 cm (0.119”), a depth "e” of 0.115 cm (0.0453"), a radius 72 of 0.0800 cm (0.0315"), and a small flatter central portion 58 of radius 73 of 0.175 cm (0.069") having an arc segment length of about 0.003 cm (0.001").
  • Lower die 50 (Fig. 8) has twelve circular ridges 60 with center-to-center spacing of 0.302 cm (0.119”), a depth "£" of 0.0909 cm (0.0358”), a radius 74 of 0.1514 cm (0.0596”), and a flat space "g” between ridges of 0.0244 cm (0.0096").
  • Lower die 50' (Fig. 9) has 24 ridges 62 having center-to-center spacing of 1.511 cm (0.595”), a depth 75 of 0.045 cm (0.0178") , a radius 76 of 0.0076 cm (0.0298") , a small flatter area 64 with a radius 77 of 0.1359 cm (0.0535”) having an arc segment length of about 0.003 cm (0.001"), a flat spacing between ridges "h” of 0.0122 (0.0048”), and a base dimension "i” of 0.1389 cm (0.0547”). Ridges 56, 60, and 62 extend parallel to each other over a distance at least as long as the width of blade member 12'. In the three-point bending of Fig.
  • the three contact points for bending the waves in the blade edge for each wave are provided by an upper ridge 56 and the two lower ridges 60 on both sides.
  • the four points of contact for forming each wave are provided by two upper ridges 56 and the two lower ridges 62 between them.
  • spot welds 18 are located in the valleys under semicircular ridges 56 in order to provide better control of the amplitude of deflection and to provide for a stiffer structure.
  • the distance 78 between successive wave crests is set at 0.302 cm (0.119"), and the preferred crest to valley wave amplitude is about 0.008 cm (0.003").
  • the resulting non-linear wave edge has a wave crest radius R1 of slightly more than the 0.1514 cm (0.0596") radius 74 of ridge 60 and a wave valley radius R2 of slightly more than the 0.0800 cm (0.0315") radius 72 of ridge 56, owing to the release of the deflected blade member after the maximum die deflection.
  • the resulting crests and valleys have a ratio R1/R2 of about 2:1.
  • R1/R2 the ratio of the radius of ridge 60
  • the formation of a single wave crest around two ridges 62 results in approximately the same crest radius R1; approximately the same valley radius R2 is caused by ridges 56.
  • four-point bending with the apparatus of Fig. 9 also results in a ratio R1/R2 of about 2:1.
  • the crests and valleys could also have a ratio R1/R2 of about 1:1 (this can be described by a sine wave) or of about 1:2.
  • the ratio R1/R2 is between 0.5 and 2.
  • Four-point bending is preferred over three-point bending.
  • Blades 10 (Fig. 5) and blades 42 (Fig. 6) are formed using similar dies.
  • the resulting blades When the resulting blades are mounted on a housing, they have varying blade tangent angles along their lengths. During shaving, with successive strokes over the same skin area, different portions along the length of blade 10 or 42 will engage the same hair. By subjecting the hair to blade portions having different blade tangent angles, closer shaving can result.
  • the use of waves in the blade can avoid "slash" cuts that occur when a blade is accidentally side-slipped along the cutting edge axis; slash cuts can be problems with women shavers in particular.
  • the wavy nature of a blade can also provide for better skin flow management, and the first blade can act as a better guard for the second blade behind it in two or three blade systems. This is because the effective contact length with a wavy cutting edge on the skin is substantially longer than with a flat blade, thus providing more points of contact in stretching the skin.
  • the waves also make the blade member a stiffer structure which is subject to less bending during shaving, tending to better maintain designed exposures and blade tangent angles during shaving than flat blade counterparts (i.e. made of the same thickness material).
  • the increased strength provided to blade member 12 by the wavy structure can be estimated by assuming that the wave follows a sine curve and calculating and comparing moments of inertia (which determine the blade stiffness and resistance to deflection) for the wavy blades and the weaker undeformed flat blades. Referring to Fig.
  • Y n £ sin 2 ⁇ x l ; Yn + (h / 2); Yn - (h / 2)

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Shavers And Clippers (AREA)
  • Knives (AREA)
  • Packaging Of Annular Or Rod-Shaped Articles, Wearing Apparel, Cassettes, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For Music (AREA)
  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)
EP98907644A 1997-02-27 1998-02-26 Razor blade and cartridge including same Expired - Lifetime EP1011934B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US80714497A 1997-02-27 1997-02-27
US807144 1997-02-27
PCT/US1998/003761 WO1998038017A2 (en) 1997-02-27 1998-02-26 Razor blade and cartridge including same and method of making same

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1011934A2 EP1011934A2 (en) 2000-06-28
EP1011934B1 true EP1011934B1 (en) 2002-05-29

Family

ID=25195684

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98907644A Expired - Lifetime EP1011934B1 (en) 1997-02-27 1998-02-26 Razor blade and cartridge including same

Country Status (18)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1011934B1 (tr)
JP (1) JP2001513681A (tr)
KR (1) KR20000075679A (tr)
CN (1) CN1163333C (tr)
AR (1) AR011895A1 (tr)
AT (1) ATE218087T1 (tr)
AU (1) AU6339998A (tr)
BR (1) BR9807754A (tr)
CA (1) CA2278765C (tr)
CO (1) CO4761088A1 (tr)
DE (1) DE69805632T2 (tr)
ES (1) ES2174420T3 (tr)
ID (1) ID22706A (tr)
PL (1) PL186434B1 (tr)
TR (1) TR199902073T2 (tr)
TW (1) TW378173B (tr)
WO (1) WO1998038017A2 (tr)
ZA (1) ZA981629B (tr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9862108B2 (en) 2011-10-06 2018-01-09 Bic Violex S.A. Razor blade, razor head, and method of manufacture

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2354474B8 (en) 1999-09-27 2008-01-29 Gillette Co Safety razors
US6449849B1 (en) * 2000-06-29 2002-09-17 Willard Hackerman Shaving razor
US6804886B2 (en) 2000-10-16 2004-10-19 The Gillette Company Safety razors
GB0025339D0 (en) * 2000-10-16 2000-11-29 Gillette Co Safety razors
US20040187644A1 (en) * 2003-02-25 2004-09-30 Eveready Battery Company, Inc. Method for manufacturing a razor blade
US7823272B2 (en) 2006-11-14 2010-11-02 The Gillette Company Systems for producing assemblies
JP2008132002A (ja) * 2006-11-27 2008-06-12 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd カミソリ刃
EP2419247B1 (en) * 2009-04-15 2020-05-27 BIC-Violex S.A. Method of manufacturing a razor head component, support obtained thereby and razor cartridge and razor comprising said support
US20180297226A1 (en) * 2017-04-17 2018-10-18 Byung Jin Kim Razor blade having wavy cutting edge
DE102018112527A1 (de) * 2018-05-24 2019-11-28 Oliver Hesch Rasierklinge mit mindestens einer Schneidkante deren Verwendung sowie die Herstellung einer solchen Rasierklinge

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB445385A (en) * 1935-02-07 1936-04-08 Ever Ready Razor Products Ltd Improvements in or relating to blades for safety razors
DE739561C (de) * 1941-04-27 1944-04-19 Wilhelm Mueller Rasierklinge
GB676089A (en) * 1951-02-16 1952-07-23 Paul Muller Improvements in safety razor blades
US3829969A (en) 1969-07-28 1974-08-20 Gillette Co Cutting tool with alloy coated sharpened edge
US3652443A (en) 1970-08-25 1972-03-28 Gillette Co Deposition apparatus
US3761373A (en) 1971-07-09 1973-09-25 Gillette Co Process for producing an improved cutting tool
US4026016A (en) 1975-05-12 1977-05-31 The Gillette Company Razor blade assembly
US4379219A (en) 1980-04-21 1983-04-05 The Gillette Company Shaving unit and method of manufacture therefor
US4498357A (en) 1982-09-22 1985-02-12 George Makarov Mass accelerator and power converter unit
GB8334310D0 (en) * 1983-12-23 1984-02-01 Gillette Co Razor blades
US4608782A (en) * 1985-05-17 1986-09-02 The Gillette Company Method and apparatus for sharpening razor blades

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9862108B2 (en) 2011-10-06 2018-01-09 Bic Violex S.A. Razor blade, razor head, and method of manufacture
US10220533B2 (en) 2011-10-06 2019-03-05 Bic Violex Sa Razor blade, razor head, and method of manufacture
US10220532B2 (en) 2011-10-06 2019-03-05 Bic Violex Sa Razor blade, razor head, and method of manufacture
US10500745B2 (en) 2011-10-06 2019-12-10 Bic Violex Sa Razor blade, razor head, and method of manufacture
US10744660B2 (en) 2011-10-06 2020-08-18 Bic Violex S.A. Razor blade, razor head, and method of manufacture
US10843355B2 (en) 2011-10-06 2020-11-24 Bic-Violex Sa Razor blade, razor head, and method of manufacture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ID22706A (id) 1999-12-09
EP1011934A2 (en) 2000-06-28
JP2001513681A (ja) 2001-09-04
ZA981629B (en) 1998-08-28
WO1998038017A3 (en) 1998-12-03
CO4761088A1 (es) 1999-04-27
ATE218087T1 (de) 2002-06-15
CN1248935A (zh) 2000-03-29
PL335376A1 (en) 2000-04-25
DE69805632T2 (de) 2003-01-30
AU6339998A (en) 1998-09-18
CA2278765C (en) 2004-09-28
BR9807754A (pt) 2000-02-22
WO1998038017A2 (en) 1998-09-03
DE69805632D1 (de) 2002-07-04
AR011895A1 (es) 2000-09-13
TR199902073T2 (tr) 1999-12-21
KR20000075679A (ko) 2000-12-26
TW378173B (en) 2000-01-01
CA2278765A1 (en) 1998-09-03
PL186434B1 (pl) 2004-01-30
ES2174420T3 (es) 2002-11-01
CN1163333C (zh) 2004-08-25

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