EP1007883A1 - Cremating method and cremator - Google Patents

Cremating method and cremator

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Publication number
EP1007883A1
EP1007883A1 EP98913867A EP98913867A EP1007883A1 EP 1007883 A1 EP1007883 A1 EP 1007883A1 EP 98913867 A EP98913867 A EP 98913867A EP 98913867 A EP98913867 A EP 98913867A EP 1007883 A1 EP1007883 A1 EP 1007883A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
combustion
combustion chamber
rotating means
cremation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98913867A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Pierre Robert Francois Vidallet
Leendert Antonius Kleinschmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1007883A1 publication Critical patent/EP1007883A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G1/00—Furnaces for cremation of human or animal carcasses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/10—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2204/00—Supplementary heating arrangements
    • F23G2204/20—Supplementary heating arrangements using electric energy
    • F23G2204/203—Microwave

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of cremating human or animal bodies in a combustion chamber, method according to which the internal atmosphere of the chamber is brought to a very high temperature and then the body to be incinerated is introduced into its coffin, the temperature interior of the chamber being high enough to cause combustion of the coffin and the body and air is injected into the chamber to supply oxygen to the combustion. It also relates to a cremation oven comprising a combustion chamber, preferably a post-combustion chamber, means for bringing the interior atmosphere of the said chamber or chambers to very high temperature and air injection means.
  • the temperature to which the atmosphere must be brought inside the combustion chamber is of the order of 800 ° C. This temperature is obtained by any suitable means, burner or heating resistance.
  • To obtain the cremation of the body it is necessary to supply the combustion chamber with oxygen; this is done by injecting air throughout the cremation. This supply of outside air, which is cold, relative to the temperature of the chamber, requires the heating means to be kept in action.
  • the gaseous emissions from a cremation furnace are subject to strict standards. This is why cremation ovens have a post-combustion chamber whose temperature is generally higher, of the order of 850 ° C. Standards impose a minimum retention time, that is to say a minimum period during which a certain gas volume must remain in the post-combustion chamber at the temperature in question. This retention time has been determined so as to avoid any harmful gaseous release into the atmosphere, in particular dioxin. The aim that the applicants have set themselves is to propose a cremation process which makes it possible to optimize consumption. energy consumption of the oven while respecting the quality of the gaseous emissions.
  • the turbulence is created by a rotating means directed towards the interior of the chamber and provided with an air intake pipe, equipped with a shutter valve and the adjustment of the air injection is obtained by actuation of the valve.
  • the air is sucked in from the tubing due to the vacuum created by the rotating means and moves inside the chamber at the same time as the turbulence created by said means.
  • the method of the invention comprises on the one hand a step of preheating the combustion chamber during which the rotating means rotates at reduced speed, for example 25 Hz, and the air intake valve is closed and on the other hand, a proper cremation step during which the rotating means rotates at high speed, for example 40 Hz, and the valve is open.
  • the lesser turbulence created during the preheating operation, without injecting air, makes it possible to homogenize the temperature inside the chamber.
  • the opening of the valve is adjusted to maintain the oxygen level of the gases discharged from the oven at a minimum threshold, for example of the order of 6 or 7%. This rate corresponds to the standards in force.
  • the cremation furnace also comprises an after-combustion chamber, by virtue of the process of the invention it was possible to obtain the regulatory conditions for gaseous discharges for a clearly retention time below the threshold imposed.
  • the oven of the invention also comprises a rotating means which is embedded in a wall of the combustion chamber, above the location of the body, directed towards the interior of said chamber, being able to create a swirling movement of the atmosphere; this rotating means is fitted with an air intake manifold on which an adjustable shutter valve is placed.
  • the interior volume of the combustion chamber is cylindrical, with a door disposed in one of the two circular transverse walls and the rotating means is placed in the transverse wall opposite the door.
  • the inner cylindrical shape combines with the 'movement swirling to ensure complete mixing sought.
  • the hot atmosphere which is in the chamber also circulates in the continuous interior recess of the hearth so that the latter remains constantly at the temperature of the chamber.
  • the rotating means advantageously comprises flat and radial blades, mounted on a rotating shaft and arranged axially in a substantially cylindrical housing; in addition, a circular protective screen partially and centrally closes the circular face of the housing which faces the interior of the chamber; finally the means turning also includes a drive means of the variable speed shaft.
  • the circular screen has a dual role. On the one hand, it provides thermal protection for the blades and, on the other hand, it generates the vortex movement from an annular zone.
  • the cremation furnace comprises a main combustion chamber and a post-combustion chamber connected to the main chamber by a ferrule equipped with a chimney for evacuating gaseous discharges
  • each chamber is provided with an aforementioned rotating assembly with speed variator
  • an oxygen sensor is placed in the exhaust gas discharge chimney
  • a thermal probe makes it possible to measure the temperature of the combustion chamber
  • the cremation oven comprises a electronic control circuit, with clock, said circuit being connected to the oxygen sensor, to the thermal probe, to the speed variators of the two rotating means and to the shutter valves ' of the two air intake pipes, said circuit electronics being programmed so as to carry out the following steps: a) a preheating step which lasts as long as the temperature measured by l he thermal probe has not reached a determined threshold, of the order of 8OO ° C for the combustion chamber and 850 ° C for the post-combustion chamber and during which the speed controller of the first rotating means of the main chamber rotates at low speed, of the order of 25 Hz,
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation in longitudinal section of the oven
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation in front view of the oven.
  • the oven 1 of the invention is intended for the cremation of human or animal bodies 2, said bodies generally being placed beforehand in a coffin.
  • This oven 1 comprises a main combustion chamber 3 and a post-combustion chamber 4, arranged above the main chamber 3 and connected to the latter by a ferrule 5. These two chambers have a generally cylindrical shape.
  • the post-combustion chamber 4 is arranged above the main chamber 3, their axes of symmetry being in the same vertical plane.
  • a door 6 makes it possible to open the main chamber 3 along the circular front wall 7.
  • the door illustrated in Figure 2 is vertically opened by hydraulic cylinders 8. It can of course be any other type of door and opening system.
  • Each of the two chambers 3, 4 is equipped with heating systems, not shown, for example burners or heating resistors, making it possible to bring the interior temperature of the main chamber to approximately 8OO ° C. and that of the post-combustion chamber to approximately 850 ° C.
  • the temperature of 800 ° C. is such that it causes the combustion of the coffin, then of the body, subject to supplying the interior atmosphere of the main chamber 3 in oxygen, this supply taking place conventionally by air injection.
  • the temperature of 850 ° C. in the post-combustion chamber 4 makes it possible to obtain the cracking of the gases coming from the combustion, the volume of the after-combustion chamber 4 and the flow rate of these gases being such that the gaseous discharges leaving through the chimney 9 of the post-combustion chamber 4 meet regulatory standards, no longer containing discharges considered harmful to the environment.
  • the cremation furnace 1 is equipped with at least one means making it possible to obtain, in the main chamber 3, a vortex movement over the body 2 from one of the walls 10 of said chamber 3.
  • blades 1 1 which are planar and arranged radially with respect to a rotating shaft 1 2, being driven by a motor 13 with variable speed drive 1 9. These blades are placed in a housing, formed in the wall 10, opposite the door 6. This slot 1 5, D1 circular diameter section is partially 'closed by a screen 14, itself circular section diameter D2, less than D1, in the delimiting wall 10 a space annular opening into the interior volume of the chamber 3.
  • the blades 1 1 have a diameter which is substantially equal to D1, so that they are protected by the screen 14.
  • the post-combustion chamber 4 is equipped with the same means making it possible to obtain a vortex movement from the inlet of the shell 5 to the evacuation chimney 9.
  • this means is represented with the same references repeated with index a.
  • Temperature sensors make it possible to measure the temperature both in the combustion chamber 3 and in the combustion chamber 4.
  • An oxygen sensor 20 makes it possible to measure the oxygen rate of the gaseous discharges exiting through the exhaust chimney 9.
  • the operation of the cremation furnace 1 is controlled by an electronic control circuit with clock, which is connected to the thermal probes, to the oxygen sensor 20, to the speed variators 1 9, 19 a and to the shutter valves 18 , 1 8 has two air intake pipes 1 7, 1 7 a .
  • the control of the furnace 1 by virtue of the electronic control circuit is carried out according to the following steps.
  • a first stage of preheating, the temperature of chambers 3 and 4 is brought, by the traditional means not shown, to approximately 800 ° C in the combustion chamber 3 and 850 ° C in the post-combustion chamber 4
  • the speed variator 19 of the motor 13 is adjusted so that the blades 1 1 rotate at low speed, of the order of 25 Hz, the valve 1 8 disposed on the intake manifold 1 7 air being blocked.
  • a small vortex movement intended mainly to obtain a better distribution of the heat inside the combustion chamber 3, without air injection.
  • no vortex displacement is generated in the post-combustion chamber 4.
  • the second cremation stage begins.
  • the electronic circuit triggers by the speed controller 19, an increase in the rotation of the blades 1 1 to a higher speed, of the order of 40Hz.
  • the same electronic circuit triggers the starting, by the speed controller 19 a , of the blades 11 a at reduced speed of the order of 25 Hz, causing a vortex movement inside the post-combustion chamber. 4.
  • the electronic circuit controls the opening of the valves 18 and 18a and thus injecting air into the chambers 3, 4 ensure that the oxygen content measured by the sensor 20 remains below a predetermined threshold, of the order of 7%.
  • the electronic circuit controls the gradual stopping of the blades 1 1 and 1 1 a and the closing of the valves 18 and 18 a .
  • the body 2 usually rests on a sole 21, which is made of a refractory material and which lines the lower interior part of the combustion chamber 3.
  • this sole 21 is hollowed out so that the swirling displacement created in the combustion chamber can also move in this recess.
  • the sole 21 consists of unit elements 22 having in cross section an inverted U shape. These elements 22 are attached to each other with their recesses, formed by the inner part of the U which are adjoining and which open into the lateral faces 23 of the sole.
  • the swirling movement passes between the inner, cylindrical wall of the combustion chamber 3 and the upper face of the hearth 21 which supports the body 2.
  • This particular arrangement has the advantage of keeping the hearth at room temperature of the chamber combustion 3, thanks to the circulation inside the recess. It is understood that the cylindrical shape of the combustion chamber 3 and of the post-combustion chamber 4 contribute to making the mixture of gases located inside said chambers even more homogeneous due to the vortex movement, this configuration not having no blind spot.
  • the screen 14, 14 a which is located opposite the blades 1 1, 1 1 a has a shape of generally circular section of diameter D2.
  • this screen can be in the form of a cone as illustrated in FIG. 1, this shape contributes on the one hand to the formation of the vortex movement at the outlet of the space 16 and on the other hand contributes to better thermal protection of the blades 1 1, 1 1 a by better diffusion by reverberation of the heat coming from the chambers 3, 4.
  • the post-combustion chamber is not necessarily arranged above the combustion chamber, but can be located next to and parallel to it.
  • Figure 2 the closing of the door 6 using two jacks 24 adapted to move said door 6 vertically, slidingly in front of the entrance to the room; any other type of closure is of course possible.

Abstract

The invention concerns a method for cremating human or animal bodies which consists in generating from a wall (10) of the combustion chamber (3), a turbulence in the form of a vertical displacement above the body (2) and in injecting the air required for combustion into this turbulence. Preferably, the turbulence is generated by rotating means (11) directed inside the chamber (3) and equipped with an inlet air duct (17), provided with a closing valve (18) and the air injection is adjusted by actuating the valve.

Description

PROCEDE ET FOUR DE CREMATION CREMATION PROCESS AND OVEN
La présente invention concerne un procédé de crémation de corps humains ou animaux dans une chambre de combustion, procédé selon lequel on porte l'atmosphère intérieure de la chambre à très haute température puis on y introduit le corps à incinérer, dans son cercueil, la température intérieure de la chambre étant suffisamment haute pour provoquer la combustion du cercueil et du corps et on injecte dans la chambre de l'air pour alimenter en oxygène la combustion. Elle concerne également un four de crémation comprenant une chambre de combustion, de préférence une chambre de post-combustion, des moyens pour porter l'atmosphère intérieure de la ou desdites chambres à très haute température et des moyens d'injection d'air.The present invention relates to a method of cremating human or animal bodies in a combustion chamber, method according to which the internal atmosphere of the chamber is brought to a very high temperature and then the body to be incinerated is introduced into its coffin, the temperature interior of the chamber being high enough to cause combustion of the coffin and the body and air is injected into the chamber to supply oxygen to the combustion. It also relates to a cremation oven comprising a combustion chamber, preferably a post-combustion chamber, means for bringing the interior atmosphere of the said chamber or chambers to very high temperature and air injection means.
La température à laquelle doit être portée l'atmosphère à l'intérieur de la chambre de combustion est de l'ordre de 8OO ° C. Cette température est obtenue par tout moyen approprié, brûleur ou résistance chauffante. Pour obtenir la crémation du corps, il est nécessaire d'alimenter la chambre de combustion en oxygène ; ceci se fait par injection d'air tout au long de la crémation. Cet apport d'air extérieur, qui est froid, relativement à la température de la chambre, nécessite de maintenir en action les moyens de chauffage.The temperature to which the atmosphere must be brought inside the combustion chamber is of the order of 800 ° C. This temperature is obtained by any suitable means, burner or heating resistance. To obtain the cremation of the body, it is necessary to supply the combustion chamber with oxygen; this is done by injecting air throughout the cremation. This supply of outside air, which is cold, relative to the temperature of the chamber, requires the heating means to be kept in action.
Les rejets gazeux d'un four de crémation sont soumis à des normes sévères. C'est pourquoi les fours de crémation comportent une chambre de post-combustion dont la température est généralement plus élevée, de l'ordre de 850 ° C. Les normes imposent un temps de rétention minimum , c'est-à-dire d'une durée minimale pendant laquelle un certain volume gazeux doit séjourner dans la chambre de post-combustion à la température en question. Ce temps de rétention a été déterminé en sorte d'éviter tout rejet gazeux néfaste dans l'atmosphère, notamment de la dioxine. Le but que se sont fixés les demandeurs est de proposer un procédé de crémation qui permette d'optimiser la consommation énergétique du four tout en respectant la qualité des rejets gazeux.The gaseous emissions from a cremation furnace are subject to strict standards. This is why cremation ovens have a post-combustion chamber whose temperature is generally higher, of the order of 850 ° C. Standards impose a minimum retention time, that is to say a minimum period during which a certain gas volume must remain in the post-combustion chamber at the temperature in question. This retention time has been determined so as to avoid any harmful gaseous release into the atmosphere, in particular dioxin. The aim that the applicants have set themselves is to propose a cremation process which makes it possible to optimize consumption. energy consumption of the oven while respecting the quality of the gaseous emissions.
Ce but est parfaitement atteint par le procédé de crémation de l'invention selon lequel, de manière caractéristique , on crée depuis une paroi de la chambre de combustion, une turbulence sous la forme d'un déplacement tourbillonnaire au-dessus du corps et on injecte l'air nécessaire à la combustion dans cette turbulence.This object is perfectly achieved by the cremation process of the invention according to which, in a characteristic manner, turbulence is created from a wall of the combustion chamber in the form of a swirling movement above the body and injected the air necessary for combustion in this turbulence.
On peut ainsi réaliser un mélange intime des combustibles proche du rapport stoechiométrique dans le volume intérieur de la chambre. De préférence la turbulence est créée par un moyen tournant dirigé vers l'intérieur de la chambre et muni d'une tubulure d'admission d'air, équipée d'un clapet d'obturation et le réglage de l'injection d'air est obtenu par actionnement du clapet. Selon cette disposition particulière, l'air est aspiré depuis la tubulure du fait de la dépression créée par le moyen tournant et se déplace à l'intérieur de la chambre en même temps que la turbulence créée par ledit moyen.It is thus possible to produce an intimate mixture of the fuels close to the stoichiometric ratio in the interior volume of the chamber. Preferably the turbulence is created by a rotating means directed towards the interior of the chamber and provided with an air intake pipe, equipped with a shutter valve and the adjustment of the air injection is obtained by actuation of the valve. According to this particular arrangement, the air is sucked in from the tubing due to the vacuum created by the rotating means and moves inside the chamber at the same time as the turbulence created by said means.
Avantageusement, le procédé de l'invention comporte d'une part une étape de préchauffage de la chambre de combustion pendant laquelle le moyen tournant tourne à vitesse réduite, par exemple 25Hz, et le clapet d'admission d'air est fermé et d'autre part une étape de crémation proprement dite pendant laquelle le moyen tournant tourne à grande vitesse, par exemple 4OHz, et le clapet est ouvert. La turbulence , de moins grande importance, créée pendant l'opération de pré-chauffage, sans injection d'air, permet d'homogénéiser la température à l'intérieur de la chambre. De préférence l'ouverture du clapet est réglée pour maintenir le taux d'oxygène des gaz évacués du four à un seuil minimum , par exemple de l'ordre de 6 ou 7%. Ce taux correspond aux normes en vigueur. Les demandeurs ont pu constater que , lorsque le four de crémation comporte également une chambre de post-combustion, grâce au procédé de l'invention il était possible d'obtenir les conditions réglementaires de rejets gazeux pour un temps de rétention nettement inférieur au seuil imposé.Advantageously, the method of the invention comprises on the one hand a step of preheating the combustion chamber during which the rotating means rotates at reduced speed, for example 25 Hz, and the air intake valve is closed and on the other hand, a proper cremation step during which the rotating means rotates at high speed, for example 40 Hz, and the valve is open. The lesser turbulence created during the preheating operation, without injecting air, makes it possible to homogenize the temperature inside the chamber. Preferably the opening of the valve is adjusted to maintain the oxygen level of the gases discharged from the oven at a minimum threshold, for example of the order of 6 or 7%. This rate corresponds to the standards in force. The applicants have been able to observe that, when the cremation furnace also comprises an after-combustion chamber, by virtue of the process of the invention it was possible to obtain the regulatory conditions for gaseous discharges for a clearly retention time below the threshold imposed.
C'est un autre objet de l'invention que de proposer un four de crémation spécialement conçu pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé précité, ce four comprenant de manière connue une chambre de combustion, des moyens pour porter l'atmosphère intérieure de la chambre à haute température et des moyens d'injection de l'air. De manière caractéristique, le four de l'invention comprend également un moyen tournant qui est encastré dans une paroi de la chambre de combustion, au-dessus de l'emplacement du corps, dirigé vers l'intérieur de ladite chambre, étant apte à créer un déplacement tourbillonnaire de l'atmosphère ; ce moyen tournant est équipé d'une tubulure d'admission d'air sur laquelle est posé un clapet d'obturation réglable.It is another object of the invention to provide a cremation oven specially designed for the implementation of the above method, this oven comprising in a known manner a combustion chamber, means for carrying the interior atmosphere of the chamber high temperature and air injection means. Typically, the oven of the invention also comprises a rotating means which is embedded in a wall of the combustion chamber, above the location of the body, directed towards the interior of said chamber, being able to create a swirling movement of the atmosphere; this rotating means is fitted with an air intake manifold on which an adjustable shutter valve is placed.
Selon une version préférée, le volume intérieur de la chambre de combustion est cylindrique, avec une porte disposée dans une des deux parois transversales circulaires et le moyen tournant est placé dans la paroi transversale opposée à la porte. La forme cylindrique intérieure se combine au ' déplacement tourbillonnaire pour assurer le mélange homogène recherché.According to a preferred version, the interior volume of the combustion chamber is cylindrical, with a door disposed in one of the two circular transverse walls and the rotating means is placed in the transverse wall opposite the door. The inner cylindrical shape combines with the 'movement swirling to ensure complete mixing sought.
S'agissant d'un four de crémation dont la chambre de combustion comprend une sole , destinée à recevoir le corps , qui tapisse la partie basse de ladite chambre, de manière caractéristique la sole présente un évidement intérieur continu débouchant latéralement vers le volume intérieur de la chambre. Ainsi lors du déplacement tourbillonnaire, l'atmosphère chaude qui se trouve dans la chambre circule également dans l'évidement intérieur continu de la sole de sorte que celle-ci reste constamment à la température de la chambre.In the case of a cremation oven, the combustion chamber of which comprises a hearth, intended to receive the body, which lines the lower part of said chamber, typically the hearth has a continuous internal recess opening laterally towards the internal volume of bedroom. Thus during the vortex movement, the hot atmosphere which is in the chamber also circulates in the continuous interior recess of the hearth so that the latter remains constantly at the temperature of the chamber.
Le moyen tournant comporte avantageusement des pales planes et radiales, montées sur un arbre tournant et disposées axialement dans un logement sensiblement cylindrique ; de plus un écran de protection, circulaire, obture partiellement et de façon centrale la face circulaire du logement qui est tournée vers l'intérieur de la chambre ; enfin le moyen tournant comporte également un moyen d'entraînement de l'arbre à vitesse variable.The rotating means advantageously comprises flat and radial blades, mounted on a rotating shaft and arranged axially in a substantially cylindrical housing; in addition, a circular protective screen partially and centrally closes the circular face of the housing which faces the interior of the chamber; finally the means turning also includes a drive means of the variable speed shaft.
L'écran circulaire a un double rôle. Il assure d'une part la protection thermique des pales et il génère d'autre part le déplacement tourbillonnaire à partir d'une zone annulaire.The circular screen has a dual role. On the one hand, it provides thermal protection for the blades and, on the other hand, it generates the vortex movement from an annular zone.
Dans un mode préféré de réalisation dans lequel le four de crémation comporte une chambre principale de combustion et une chambre de post-combustion reliée à la chambre principale par une virole équipée d'une cheminée d'évacuation des rejets gazeux, de manière caractéristique chaque chambre est pourvue d'un ensemble tournant précité avec variateur de vitesse, un capteur d'oxygène est disposé dans la cheminée d'évacuation des rejets gazeux, une sonde thermique permet de mesurer la température de la chambre de combustion et le four de crémation comporte un circuit électronique de commande, avec horloge, ledit circuit étant connecté au capteur d'oxygène, à la sonde thermique, aux variateurs de vitesse des deux moyens tournants et aux clapets d'obturation ' des deux tubulures d'admission d'air , ledit circuit électronique étant programmé en sorte de réaliser les étapes suivantes: a) une étape de pré-chauffage qui dure tant que la température mesurée par la sonde thermique n'a pas atteint un seuil déterminé, de l'ordre de 8OO ° C pour la chambre de combustion et de 850 ° C pour la chambre de post-combustion et pendant laquelle le variateur de vitesse du premier moyen tournant de la chambre principale tourne à petite vitesse, de l'ordre de 25Hz, le clapet étant en position d'obturation, b) une étape de crémation proprement dite pendant laquelle le premier moteur de l'élément tournant de la chambre principale passe progressivement de la petite vitesse à une plus grande vitesse puis reste stationnaire à la dite grande vitesse, de l'ordre de 4OHz, le second moteur de l'élément tournant de la chambre de post-combustion étant actionné pour tourner à petite vitesse, de l'ordre de 25Hz et les clapets étant ouverts en sorte que le taux d'oxygène mesuré par le capteur reste inférieur à un seuil déterminé , de l'ordre de 7%.In a preferred embodiment in which the cremation furnace comprises a main combustion chamber and a post-combustion chamber connected to the main chamber by a ferrule equipped with a chimney for evacuating gaseous discharges, typically each chamber is provided with an aforementioned rotating assembly with speed variator, an oxygen sensor is placed in the exhaust gas discharge chimney, a thermal probe makes it possible to measure the temperature of the combustion chamber and the cremation oven comprises a electronic control circuit, with clock, said circuit being connected to the oxygen sensor, to the thermal probe, to the speed variators of the two rotating means and to the shutter valves ' of the two air intake pipes, said circuit electronics being programmed so as to carry out the following steps: a) a preheating step which lasts as long as the temperature measured by l he thermal probe has not reached a determined threshold, of the order of 8OO ° C for the combustion chamber and 850 ° C for the post-combustion chamber and during which the speed controller of the first rotating means of the main chamber rotates at low speed, of the order of 25 Hz, the valve being in the closed position, b) an actual cremation stage during which the first motor of the rotary element of the main chamber progressively passes from the small speed at a higher speed then remains stationary at said high speed, of the order of 40 Hz, the second motor of the rotary element of the post-combustion chamber being actuated to rotate at low speed, of the order of 25Hz and the valves being open so that the oxygen level measured by the sensor remains below a determined threshold, of the order of 7%.
La présente invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va être faite d'un mode préféré de réalisation d'un four de crémation comportant une chambre principale de combustion et une chambre de post-combustion soumis à déplacement tourbillonnaire, illustré par le dessin annexé dans lequel :The present invention will be better understood on reading the description which will be given of a preferred embodiment of a cremation furnace comprising a main combustion chamber and an after-combustion chamber subjected to vortex movement, illustrated by the attached drawing in which:
- La figure 1 est une représentation schématique en coupe longitudinale du four,FIG. 1 is a schematic representation in longitudinal section of the oven,
- la figure 2 est une représentation schématique en vue de face du four. Le four 1 de l'invention est destiné à la crémation de corps 2 humains ou animaux, lesdits corps étant généralement placés préalablement dans un cercueil. Ce four 1 comprend une chambre principale 3 de combustion et une chambre 4 de post-combustion, disposée au-dessus de la chambre principale 3 et raccordée à celle-ci par une virole 5. Ces deux chambres ont une forme générale cylindrique.- Figure 2 is a schematic representation in front view of the oven. The oven 1 of the invention is intended for the cremation of human or animal bodies 2, said bodies generally being placed beforehand in a coffin. This oven 1 comprises a main combustion chamber 3 and a post-combustion chamber 4, arranged above the main chamber 3 and connected to the latter by a ferrule 5. These two chambers have a generally cylindrical shape.
Dans l'exemple illustré , la chambre de post-combustion 4 est disposée au-dessus de la chambre principale 3, leurs axes de symétrie étant dans un même plan vertical.In the example illustrated, the post-combustion chamber 4 is arranged above the main chamber 3, their axes of symmetry being in the same vertical plane.
Une porte 6 permet d'ouvrir la chambre principale 3 selon la paroi frontale 7 circulaire. La porte illustrée à la figure 2 est à ouverture verticale grâce à des vérins hydrauliques 8. Il peut bien sûr s'agir de toute autre type de porte et de système d'ouverture.A door 6 makes it possible to open the main chamber 3 along the circular front wall 7. The door illustrated in Figure 2 is vertically opened by hydraulic cylinders 8. It can of course be any other type of door and opening system.
Chacune des deux chambres 3, 4 est équipée de systèmes de chauffage non représentés, par exemple brûleurs ou résistances chauffantes, permettant de porter la température intérieure de la chambre principale à environ 8OO ° C et celle de la chambre de post-combustion à environ 850 ° C.Each of the two chambers 3, 4 is equipped with heating systems, not shown, for example burners or heating resistors, making it possible to bring the interior temperature of the main chamber to approximately 8OO ° C. and that of the post-combustion chamber to approximately 850 ° C.
Lorsque l'on a introduit le corps 2 dans la chambre principale 3, la température de 800 ° C est telle qu'elle provoque la combustion du cercueil , puis du corps, sous réserve d'alimenter l'atmosphère intérieure de la chambre principale 3 en oxygène, cette alimentation se faisant classiquement par injection d'air. La température de 850 ° C dans la chambre de post-combustion 4 permet d'obtenir le craquage des gaz venant de la combustion, le volume de la chambre de postcombustion 4 et le débit de ces gaz étant tels que les rejets gazeux sortant par la cheminée 9 de la chambre de post-combustion 4 répondent aux normes réglementaires, ne contenant plus de rejets considérés comme nocifs pour l'environnement.When the body 2 has been introduced into the main chamber 3, the temperature of 800 ° C. is such that it causes the combustion of the coffin, then of the body, subject to supplying the interior atmosphere of the main chamber 3 in oxygen, this supply taking place conventionally by air injection. The temperature of 850 ° C. in the post-combustion chamber 4 makes it possible to obtain the cracking of the gases coming from the combustion, the volume of the after-combustion chamber 4 and the flow rate of these gases being such that the gaseous discharges leaving through the chimney 9 of the post-combustion chamber 4 meet regulatory standards, no longer containing discharges considered harmful to the environment.
De manière caractéristique , selon l'invention, le four de crémation 1 est équipé d'au moins un moyen permettant d'obtenir dans la chambre principale 3 un déplacement tourbillonnaire au-dessus du corps 2 depuis l'une des parois 10 de ladite chambre 3.Typically, according to the invention, the cremation furnace 1 is equipped with at least one means making it possible to obtain, in the main chamber 3, a vortex movement over the body 2 from one of the walls 10 of said chamber 3.
Ce déplacement tourbillonnaire est créé grâce à des pales 1 1 qui sont planes et disposées radialement par rapport à un arbre 1 2 tournant, étant entraînées par un moteur 13 à variateur de vitesse 1 9. Ces pales sont placées dans un logement, formé dans la paroi 10, opposée à la porte 6. Ce logement 1 5, de section circulaire de diamètre D1 est partiellement' obturé par un écran 14, lui-même de section circulaire de diamètre D2, inférieur à D1 , délimitant dans la paroi 10 un espace annulaire débouchant dans le volume intérieur de la chambre 3. Les pales 1 1 ont un diamètre qui est sensiblement égal à D1 , de manière à ce qu'elles soient protégées par l'écran 14.This vortex movement is created by blades 1 1 which are planar and arranged radially with respect to a rotating shaft 1 2, being driven by a motor 13 with variable speed drive 1 9. These blades are placed in a housing, formed in the wall 10, opposite the door 6. This slot 1 5, D1 circular diameter section is partially 'closed by a screen 14, itself circular section diameter D2, less than D1, in the delimiting wall 10 a space annular opening into the interior volume of the chamber 3. The blades 1 1 have a diameter which is substantially equal to D1, so that they are protected by the screen 14.
Une tubulure 17 d'admission d'air, sur laquelle est monté un clapet 18, débouche dans le logement 1 5.An air intake pipe 17, on which a valve 18 is mounted, opens into the housing 15.
La chambre de post-combustion 4 est équipée du même moyen permettant d'obtenir un déplacement tourbillonnaire de l'entrée de la virole 5 jusque la cheminée d'évacuation 9. Sur la figure 1 on a représenté ce moyen avec les mêmes références reprises avec l'indice a.The post-combustion chamber 4 is equipped with the same means making it possible to obtain a vortex movement from the inlet of the shell 5 to the evacuation chimney 9. In FIG. 1, this means is represented with the same references repeated with index a.
Des capteurs de température permettent de mesurer la température à la fois dans la chambre de combustion 3 et dans la chambre de combustion 4. Un capteur d'oxygène 20 permet de mesurer le taux d'oxygène des rejets gazeux sortant par la cheminée d'évacuation 9. Le fonctionnement du four de crémation 1 est piloté par un circuit électronique de commande avec horloge, qui est connecté aux sondes thermiques, au capteur d'oxygène 20, aux variateurs de vitesse 1 9, 19a et aux clapets d'obturation 18, 1 8a des deux tubulures d'admission d'air 1 7, 1 7a.Temperature sensors make it possible to measure the temperature both in the combustion chamber 3 and in the combustion chamber 4. An oxygen sensor 20 makes it possible to measure the oxygen rate of the gaseous discharges exiting through the exhaust chimney 9. The operation of the cremation furnace 1 is controlled by an electronic control circuit with clock, which is connected to the thermal probes, to the oxygen sensor 20, to the speed variators 1 9, 19 a and to the shutter valves 18 , 1 8 has two air intake pipes 1 7, 1 7 a .
La rotation des pales 1 1 dans le logement 1 5 provoque la formation, à partir de l'espace annulaire 1 6, d'un déplacement tourbillonnaire de l'atmosphère contenue dans la chambre de combustion 3 avec un déplacement qui est symbolisé par la ligne référencée 25 sur la figure 1 . Les demandeurs ont d'ailleurs remarqué que ce déplacement tourbillonnaire rebondissait en quelque sorte sur la face intérieure de la porte 6 faisant face à l'espace annulaire 1 6. Grâce à ce déplacement tourbillonnaire, on obtient un mélange intime de tous les gaz qui se trouvent dans la chambre de combustion au-dessus du corps 2. On injecte l'air nécessaire à la combustion du corps 2 dans ce déplacement tourbillonnaire, en actionnant le clapet 1 8 disposé sur la tubulure d'admission d'air 17. On obtient ainsi et de manière très efficace un mélange intime des gaz se trouvant dans la chambre 3 et de l'air injecté dans la dite chambre. Selon un mode préféré de fonctionnement, le pilotage du four 1 grâce au circuit électronique de commande, se fait selon les étapes suivantes. Lors d'une première étape, de préchauffage, la température des chambres 3 et 4 est portée, grâce aux moyens traditionnels non représentés, à environ 800 ° C dans la chambre de combustion 3 et 850 ° C dans la chambre de post-combustion 4. Pendant cette première étape le variateur de vitesse 19 du moteur 13 est réglé en sorte que les pales 1 1 tournent à petite vitesse, de l'ordre de 25 Hz, le clapet 1 8 disposé sur la tubulure 1 7 d'admission d'air étant obturé. On obtient donc pendant cette première étape un déplacement tourbillonnaire de faible importance destiné principalement à obtenir une meilleure répartititon de la chaleur à l'intérieur de la chambre de combustion 3, sans injection d'air. Pendant cette première étape aucun déplacement tourbillonnaire n'est généré dans la chambre de post-combustion 4.The rotation of the blades 1 1 in the housing 1 5 causes the formation, from the annular space 1 6, of a vortex displacement of the atmosphere contained in the combustion chamber 3 with a displacement which is symbolized by the line referenced 25 in FIG. 1. The applicants have moreover observed that this vortex movement rebounds in a way on the inside face of the door 6 facing the annular space 1 6. Thanks to this vortex movement, an intimate mixture of all the gases is obtained. are found in the combustion chamber above the body 2. The air necessary for the combustion of the body 2 is injected in this swirling movement, by actuating the valve 1 8 disposed on the air intake manifold 17. We obtain thus and very effectively an intimate mixture of the gases in the chamber 3 and the air injected into the said chamber. According to a preferred mode of operation, the control of the furnace 1 by virtue of the electronic control circuit is carried out according to the following steps. During a first stage, of preheating, the temperature of chambers 3 and 4 is brought, by the traditional means not shown, to approximately 800 ° C in the combustion chamber 3 and 850 ° C in the post-combustion chamber 4 During this first step the speed variator 19 of the motor 13 is adjusted so that the blades 1 1 rotate at low speed, of the order of 25 Hz, the valve 1 8 disposed on the intake manifold 1 7 air being blocked. There is therefore obtained during this first step a small vortex movement intended mainly to obtain a better distribution of the heat inside the combustion chamber 3, without air injection. During this first step, no vortex displacement is generated in the post-combustion chamber 4.
Une fois que les seuils de température ont été atteints, commence la seconde étape de crémation proprement dite. Le circuit électronique déclenche par le variateur de vitesse 19, une augmentation de la rotation des pales 1 1 jusqu'à une plus grande vitesse, de l'ordre de 40Hz. Parallèlement, le même circuit électronique déclenche la mise en route, par le variateur de vitesse 19a, des pales 11 a à vitesse réduite de l'ordre de 25 Hz, provoquant un déplacement tourbillonnaire à l'intérieur de la chambre de post-combustion 4. Pendant cette seconde étape, le circuit électronique commande l'ouverture des clapets 18 et 18a et donc d'injection d'air dans les chambres 3, 4 en sorte que le taux d'oxygène mesuré par le capteur 20 reste inférieur à un seuil prédéterminé, de l'ordre de 7 %. En fin de crémation, le circuit électronique commande l'arrêt progressif des pales 1 1 et 1 1 a et l'obturation des clapets 18 et 18a.Once the temperature thresholds have been reached, the second cremation stage begins. The electronic circuit triggers by the speed controller 19, an increase in the rotation of the blades 1 1 to a higher speed, of the order of 40Hz. At the same time, the same electronic circuit triggers the starting, by the speed controller 19 a , of the blades 11 a at reduced speed of the order of 25 Hz, causing a vortex movement inside the post-combustion chamber. 4. During this second step, the electronic circuit controls the opening of the valves 18 and 18a and thus injecting air into the chambers 3, 4 ensure that the oxygen content measured by the sensor 20 remains below a predetermined threshold, of the order of 7%. At the end of cremation, the electronic circuit controls the gradual stopping of the blades 1 1 and 1 1 a and the closing of the valves 18 and 18 a .
Le corps 2 repose habituellement sur une sole 21 , qui est dans un matériau réfractaire et qui tapisse la partie basse intérieure de la chambre de combustion 3. De manière caractéristique, cette sole 21 est évidée de manière à ce que le déplacement tourbillonnaire créé dans la chambre de combustion puisse se déplacer également dans cet évidement. Pour cela la sole 21 est constituée d'éléments unitaires 22 ayant en section transversale une forme en U retourné. Ces éléments 22 sont accolés les uns aux autres avec leurs évidements, constitués par la partie intérieure du U qui sont attenants et qui débouchent dans les faces latérales 23 de la sole. Ainsi le déplacement tourbillonnaire passe entre la paroi intérieure, cylindrique, de la chambre de combustion 3 et la face supérieure de la sole 21 qui supporte le corps 2. Cette disposition particulière présente l'avantage de maintenir la sole à la température ambiante de la chambre de combustion 3, grâce à la circulation à l'intérieur de l'évidement. On comprend que la forme cylindrique de la chambre de combution 3 et de la chambre de post-combustion 4 contribuent à rendre encore plus homogène le mélange des gaz se trouvant à l'intérieur des dites chambres du fait du déplacement tourbillonnaire, cette configuration ne présentant pas d'angle mort.The body 2 usually rests on a sole 21, which is made of a refractory material and which lines the lower interior part of the combustion chamber 3. Typically, this sole 21 is hollowed out so that the swirling displacement created in the combustion chamber can also move in this recess. For this, the sole 21 consists of unit elements 22 having in cross section an inverted U shape. These elements 22 are attached to each other with their recesses, formed by the inner part of the U which are adjoining and which open into the lateral faces 23 of the sole. Thus the swirling movement passes between the inner, cylindrical wall of the combustion chamber 3 and the upper face of the hearth 21 which supports the body 2. This particular arrangement has the advantage of keeping the hearth at room temperature of the chamber combustion 3, thanks to the circulation inside the recess. It is understood that the cylindrical shape of the combustion chamber 3 and of the post-combustion chamber 4 contribute to making the mixture of gases located inside said chambers even more homogeneous due to the vortex movement, this configuration not having no blind spot.
L' écran 14, 14a qui se trouve face aux pales 1 1 , 1 1 a a une forme de section générale circulaire de diamètre D2. En pratique cet écran peut se présenter sous la forme d'un cône comme illustré sur la figure 1 , cette forme contribue d'une part à la formation du déplacement tourbillonnaire en sortie de l'espace 16 et d'autre part contribue à une meilleure protection thermique des pales 1 1 , 1 1 a grâce à une meilleure diffusion par réverbération de la chaleur provenant des chambres 3, 4.The screen 14, 14 a which is located opposite the blades 1 1, 1 1 a has a shape of generally circular section of diameter D2. In practice, this screen can be in the form of a cone as illustrated in FIG. 1, this shape contributes on the one hand to the formation of the vortex movement at the outlet of the space 16 and on the other hand contributes to better thermal protection of the blades 1 1, 1 1 a by better diffusion by reverberation of the heat coming from the chambers 3, 4.
La présente invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation qui vient d'être décrit à titre d'exemple non exhaustif. En particulier la chambre de post-combustion n'est pas obligatoirement disposée au- dessus de la chambre de combustion mais peut se trouver à côté et parallèle à celle-ci. Concernant la fermeture de la chambre de combustion, on a représenté sur la figure 2 la fermeture de la porte 6 à l'aide de deux vérins 24 aptes à déplacer la dite porte 6 verticalement, de manière coulissante devant l'entrée de la chambre ; tout autre type de fermeture est bien sûr envisageable. The present invention is not limited to the embodiment which has just been described by way of non-exhaustive example. In particular, the post-combustion chamber is not necessarily arranged above the combustion chamber, but can be located next to and parallel to it. Regarding the closing of the combustion chamber, there is shown in Figure 2 the closing of the door 6 using two jacks 24 adapted to move said door 6 vertically, slidingly in front of the entrance to the room; any other type of closure is of course possible.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Procédé de crémation de corps humains ou animaux dans une chambre de combustion, selon lequel on porte l'atmosphère intérieure de la chambre à très haute température puis on y introduit le corps à incinérer, dans son cercueil, la température intérieure de la chambre étant suffisamment haute pour provoquer la combustion du cercueil et du corps et on injecte dans la chambre de l'air pour alimenter en oxygène la combustion, caractérisé en ce qu'on crée depuis une paroi (10) de la chambre de combustion (3), une turbulence sous la forme d'un déplacement tourbillonnaire au-dessus du corps (2) et on injecte l'air nécessaire à la combustion dans cette turbulence.1. Process for cremating human or animal bodies in a combustion chamber, according to which the interior atmosphere of the chamber is brought to a very high temperature and then the body to be incinerated is introduced into its coffin, the interior temperature of the chamber being sufficient high to cause the combustion of the coffin and the body and air is injected into the chamber to supply oxygen to the combustion, characterized in that a wall (10) of the combustion chamber (3) is created, a turbulence in the form of a vortex movement over the body (2) and the air necessary for combustion is injected into this turbulence.
2. Procédé de crémation, selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la turbulence est créée par un moyen tournant (1 1 ) dirigé vers l'intérieur de la chambre (3) et muni d'une tubulure (17) d'admission d'air, équipée d'un clapet d'obturation (18) et le réglage de l'injection d'air est obtenu par actionnement du clapet.2. Cremation method according to claim 1 characterized in that the turbulence is created by a rotating means (1 1) directed towards the interior of the chamber (3) and provided with a manifold (17) of admission d air, equipped with a shutter valve (18) and the adjustment of the air injection is obtained by actuation of the valve.
3. Procédé de crémation, selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce qu' il comporte une étape de préchauffage de la chambre de combustion (3) pendant laquelle le moyen tournant tourne à vitesse réduite, par exemple, 25 Hz et le clapet d'admission d'air (18) est fermé et d'autre part une étape de crémation proprement dite pendant laquelle le moyen tournant (1 1 ) tourne à grande vitesse, par exemple 40 Hz, et le clapet (18) est ouvert.3. Cremation method according to claim 2 characterized in that it comprises a step of preheating the combustion chamber (3) during which the rotating means rotates at reduced speed, for example, 25 Hz and the inlet valve air (18) is closed and on the other hand a proper cremation step during which the rotating means (1 1) rotates at high speed, for example 40 Hz, and the valve (18) is open.
4. Procédé de crémation, selon l'une des revendications 2 ou 3 caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture du clapet est réglée pour maintenir le taux d'oxygène des gaz évacués du four à un seuil minimum, par exemple de l'ordre de 6 ou 7%.4. Cremation method according to one of claims 2 or 3 characterized in that the opening of the valve is adjusted to maintain the oxygen level of the gases discharged from the oven at a minimum threshold, for example of the order of 6 or 7%.
5. Four de crémation (1 ) spécialement conçu pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé de la revendication 1 comprenant une chambre de combustion (3), des moyens pour porter l'atmosphère intérieure de la chambre à haute température et des moyens d'injection de l'air, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend également un moyen tournant qui est encastré dans une paroi de la chambre ( 10) de combustion (3), au-dessus de l'emplacement du corps (2), dirigé vers l'intérieur de ladite chambre (3), étant apte à créer un déplacement tourbillonnaire de l'atmosphère et en ce que ce moyen tournant (10) est équipé d'une tubulure ( 1 7) d'admission d'air sur laquelle est posé un clapet d'obturation (18) réglable.5. Cremation oven (1) specially designed for implementing the method of claim 1 comprising a combustion chamber (3), means for bringing the interior atmosphere of the chamber to high temperature and air injection means, characterized in that it also comprises a rotating means which is embedded in a wall of the combustion chamber (10), above the location of the body (2), directed towards the inside of said chamber (3), being capable of creating a vortex movement of the atmosphere and in that this rotating means (10) is equipped with a tube (1 7) of air intake on which an adjustable shutter valve (18) is placed.
6. Four selon la revendication 5 caractérisé en ce que le volume intérieur de la chambre de combustion est cylindrique, avec une porte (6) disposée dans une des deux parois transversales circulaires et le moyen tournant (1 1 ) est placé dans la paroi transversale (10) opposée à la porte (6).6. Oven according to claim 5 characterized in that the interior volume of the combustion chamber is cylindrical, with a door (6) disposed in one of the two circular transverse walls and the rotating means (1 1) is placed in the transverse wall (10) opposite the door (6).
7. Four selon l'une des revendications 5 ou 6 caractérisé en ce que la chambre de combustion (3) comprenant une sole, destinée à recevoir le corps (2), qui tapisse la partie basse de ladite chambre, la sole (21 ) présente un évidement intérieur continu débouchant latéralement vers le volume intérieur de la chambre.7. Oven according to one of claims 5 or 6 characterized in that the combustion chamber (3) comprising a hearth, intended to receive the body (2), which lines the lower part of said chamber, the hearth (21) has a continuous interior recess opening laterally towards the interior volume of the chamber.
8. Four selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7 caractérisé en ce que le moyen tournant comporte des pales (1 1 ) planes et radiales, montées sur un arbre tournant (1 2) et disposées axialement dans un logement sensiblement cylindrique, en ce qu'un écran de protection (14), circulaire, obture partiellement et de façon centrale la face circulaire du logement ( 1 5) qui est tournée vers l'intérieur de la chambre, et en ce que le moyen tournant comporte un moyen d'entraînement (19) de l'arbre (12) à vitesse variable. 8. Oven according to one of claims 5 to 7 characterized in that the rotating means comprises blades (1 1) planar and radial, mounted on a rotating shaft (1 2) and arranged axially in a substantially cylindrical housing, in that a protective screen (14), circular, partially and centrally closes the circular face of the housing (1 5) which is turned towards the interior of the chamber, and in that the rotating means comprises a means of drive (19) of the shaft (12) at variable speed.
9. Four selon l'une des revendications 5 à 8 comportant une chambre principale de combustion (3) et une chambre de post-combustion (4) reliée à la chambre principale (3) par une virole (5) et équipée d'une cheminée d'évacuation (4) des rejets gazeux, caractérisé en ce que chaque chambre (3, 4) est pourvue d'un ensemble tournant ( 1 1 , 1 1 avec variateur de vitesse (17, 17 , en ce qu'un capteur d'oxygène (20) est disposé dans la cheminée d'évacuation (9) des rejets gazeux, en ce que des sondes thermiques permettent de mesurer la température des chambres de combustion et de post-combustion et en ce qu'il comporte un circuit électronique de commande avec horloge, ledit circuit étant connecté au capteur d'oxygène (20), aux sondes thermiques, aux variateurs de vitesse (17, 17a) et aux clapets d'obturation (18, 18 et étant programmé en sorte de réaliser les étapes suivantes : a) une étape de préchauffage qui dure tant que les températures mesurées par les sondes thermiques n'ont pas atteint des seuils déterminés de l'ordre de 800 ° C pour la cheminée de combustion et de 850° C pour la cheminée de post-combustion, pendant laquelle le variateur de vitesse du premier moyen tournant de la chambre principale (3) tourne à petite vitesse, de l'ordre de 25 Hz, les clapets (1 8, 1 8a) étant en position d'obturation, b) une étape de crémation proprement dite pendant laquelle le premier moteur (1 3) de l'élément tournant (1 1 ) de la chambre principale (3) passe progressivement de la petite vitesse à une plus grande vitesse puis reste stationnaire à la dite grande vitesse, de l'ordre de 40 Hz, le second moteur ( 13 de l'élément tournant (1 1 a) de la chambre de postcombustion (4) étant actionné pour tourner à petite vitesse, de l'ordre de 25 Hz et les clapets (18, 18a) étant ouverts en sorte que le taux d'oxygène mesuré par le capteur reste inférieur à un seuil déterminé, de l'ordre de 7%. 9. Oven according to one of claims 5 to 8 comprising a main combustion chamber (3) and an post-combustion chamber (4) connected to the main chamber (3) by a ferrule (5) and equipped with a exhaust gas chimney (4), characterized in that each chamber (3, 4) is provided with a rotating assembly (1 1, 1 1 with speed variator (17, 17, in that a sensor oxygen (20) is disposed in the exhaust stack (9) of the gaseous discharges, in this that thermal probes make it possible to measure the temperature of the combustion and post-combustion chambers and that it includes an electronic control circuit with clock, said circuit being connected to the oxygen sensor (20), to the thermal probes, to the variable speed drives (17, 17 a ) and to the shutter valves (18, 18 and being programmed so as to carry out the following steps: a) a preheating step which lasts as long as the temperatures measured by the thermal probes do not have not reached determined thresholds of the order of 800 ° C for the combustion chimney and 850 ° C for the post-combustion chimney, during which the variable speed drive of the first rotating means of the main chamber (3) rotates at low speed, of the order of 25 Hz, the valves (1 8, 1 8 a ) being in the closed position, b) a cremation stage proper during which the first motor (1 3) of the element turning (1 1) of the main chamber cipale (3) progressively goes from low speed to higher speed then remains stationary at said high speed, of the order of 40 Hz, the second motor (13 of the rotating element (1 1 a ) of the chamber afterburner (4) being actuated to rotate at low speed, of the order of 25 Hz and the valves (18, 18 a ) being open so that the oxygen level measured by the sensor remains below a determined threshold, around 7%.
EP98913867A 1997-03-10 1998-03-10 Cremating method and cremator Withdrawn EP1007883A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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FR9703143 1997-03-10
FR9703143A FR2760514B1 (en) 1997-03-10 1997-03-10 HIGH COMBUSTION CREMATION OVEN BY ROTARY GAS TURBULENCE
PCT/FR1998/000469 WO1998040671A1 (en) 1997-03-10 1998-03-10 Cremating method and cremator

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FR2760514B1 (en) 1999-10-01
WO1998040671A1 (en) 1998-09-17
AU6840898A (en) 1998-09-29
FR2760514A1 (en) 1998-09-11
US6474251B1 (en) 2002-11-05

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