EP1002583B1 - Material treating machine with stator adjustment - Google Patents

Abstract

The grinding machine has a rotor (3) and a stator (4) that can be generally aligned parallel to the rotor and mounted at a radial distance from its axis. The stator can be moved back and forth on a bearing (7) whilst generally maintaining its alignment wrt. the rotor. The stator and its attachment are commonly linked to at least one pivot joint on the housing.

Description

The present invention relates to a material processing machine according to the preamble of the independent claim.

Material processing machines are known per se. One form of material processing is comminution. In the case of a large number of comminution machines, the material to be ground is ground in the gap between a rotating rotor disk and the stationary stationary stator. The area in which the rotor and stator are particularly close and in which therefore a large part of the comminution takes place is referred to as the grinding track. Here occurs in operation a considerable wear, although along the grinding path typically exchangeable elements are provided from highly wear-resistant material. This wear changes the properties of the milled material and is therefore undesirable. In order to obtain a uniformly large gap distance between rotor and stator, the grinding elements must therefore be replaced more or less regularly; After replacement, it is desirable to align the rotor and stator with respect to each other so that they are parallel and have a precisely predetermined gap distance. Also, between the Mahlelementwechsel a gap adjustment may be desired; for example, in the production of end products of varying fineness, adaptation to different starting materials to be ground, etc.

So far, the gap has been adjusted by moving the rotor disk axially towards or away from the stator. For this purpose, the rotor axis was slidably and rotatably mounted. Since the rotor with associated drive is heavy, such a solution requires a lot of effort.

Another known arrangement is formed by a crusher in which the stator is held at a multipoint bearing. There are three or more, in particular uniformly distributed over the stator circumference fastening points provided on which the stator is attached by means of pressure and tension screws tilted. The adjustment of all fasteners successively allows one hand to align the stator to the rotor in parallel, so as to obtain a uniform over the grinding path gap distance. On the other hand, the gap distance can be adjusted.

The disadvantage, however, is that the stator does not remain parallel to the rotor during the gap adjustment, but is tilted against the latter because the attachment points can only be adjusted one after the other. This is problematic, especially with small gap distances, because even a slight tilting can lead to contact on the opposite side of the grinding elements of stator and rotor.

In an ongoing crushing machine, this can have the immediate destruction of machine parts result, so that an adjustment can be made only when the machine is stationary. In addition, the setting is relatively expensive, because even for easy adjustment of the gap distance always all screws on the multipoint storage must be adjusted.

Also in other material processing machines, there are corresponding problems of gap adjustment between a rotor and a stator. An example of this are disk agglomerators.
From the US 5,509,610 In addition, a comminuting device is known, having a rotor disk rotating within a housing and a stator disk mounted thereto in the axial state while maintaining a grinding gap, rigidly fixed to the housing door. At the axially opposing annular disc surfaces, the rotor disc and the stator disc have comminution tools which cooperate for comminuting the feed material.
To adjust the axial width of the grinding gap, an adjusting mechanism is described, the two axially fixed to the housing guide rods identifies on which the door with stator can slide in the axial direction. About four axially acting spindle drives on the outside of the housing door the necessary driving force is generated. In a gap adjustment thus takes place only a translational movement of the stator in the axial direction.
The disadvantage of this device is mainly in the high equipment expense for generating the axial movement of the stator, which ultimately leads to an increase in the cost of the device both in production and in operation.

The object of the present invention is to provide new products for commercial use.

The solution to this problem is claimed independently; preferred embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

A solution according to the present invention is therefore to provide a machine with a rotor, a stator and a mounting, to which the stator is attached to the rotor generally parallel aligned and radially spaced to its axis, the stator under at least general preservation of its orientation can be moved to the rotor and / or away from it. In other words, according to the invention, it is possible to simply move the stator, which is once correctly aligned with the rotor, toward and / or away from the rotor. For this purpose, a fastening is provided, in which the stator can slide.

The arrangement is advantageously integrated in the door on the machine housing. In such a case, the door is attached by means of pivot joints on the machine housing. When opening the door, the entire assembly is pivoted away from the rotor and when closing the door, the stator is placed in the immediate vicinity of the rotor and aligned with this. It is readily possible with conventional door hinges, a once parallel to the rotor-aligned stator together with its holder repeatedly reproducible in to swing back the same position.

The stator is preferably carried by an adjustable multi-point mount to achieve parallel alignment, with which it can be adjusted to the generally parallel orientation with tilting. With such a multipoint fastening manufacturing tolerances of rotor disk, stator and / or grinding elements, rotor axis misalignment etc. can be compensated problem-free. The multipoint attachment is preferably designed at least as a three-point attachment, wherein the stator is attached by means of tension and / or pressure screws, and thus at at least two mutually remote attachment points tilting is possible. Although such a mounting for Einjustierung of the stator in a generally parallel orientation to the rotor is completely sufficient, more than three attachment points can be distributed over the stator, so as to be able to absorb higher forces with the same interpretation of the individual attachment points. The multi-point attachment can carry the stator in particular indirectly, namely the fact that the multi-point attachment carries a bearing, which is aligned with the stator together in the direction generally parallel to the rotor.

The multi-point attachment is preferably provided on the outer region of a front of the rotor pivotable machine door.

A preferred attachment is formed with a thread in which the provided with a mating male thread stator can be rotated back and forth. During this rotation, the stator is moved toward or away from the rotor. The general orientation of the stator to the rotor is maintained, because even if the stator and rotor are not completely coaxial with each other, tilting of the stator is still safely avoided, since only the point of closest approach on the grinding path is rotated by the rotation of the stator. The rotation of the stator will typically be 15 ° to 30 °, and the gap spacing will vary between 0.2 and 4 mm.

Preferably, an adjusting means is provided, which acts on the one hand on the attachment and on the other hand on the stator. Between the as Abutment points of attack formed an actuator is provided, which moves the abutment and support each other or away from each other, and so changed the gap distance between the stator and the rotor.

Preferably, a control loop is formed to automatically change the gap distance by adjusting the actuator and thus the stator. From control variables to be detected with one or more sensors, the gap distance itself, the temperature of the emerging ground material, its fineness, a property of the material to be ground fed into the machine or a machine parameter such as the power consumption can be detected. Also in other crushing machines or mills parameters of the processed material can be detected; In the case of disk agglomerators, temperature monitoring is particularly useful.

The actuator may be formed by a fine-threaded spindle, the thread of which is generally perpendicular to the thread of the bearing, wherein counter and support for the fine-threaded spindle on support and storage are arranged so that the rotation of the spindle causes a reciprocating movement of the stator.

If the grinding track is located radially outward on the rotor disk, it is preferred if the stator is held radially outside its grinding track. In general, it is advantageous to keep the stator radially spaced from its axis, because in this way the strong forces on the stator can best be absorbed.

With such a design, it is also preferred if a central opening is provided radially in the grinding path, through which regrind can be introduced.

Fig.1

eine Schnittansicht durch eine Zerkleinerungsmaschine der vorliegenden Erfindung;

Fig. 2

eine Frontansicht der Zerkleinerungsmaschine von Fig. 1.

The present invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the drawings. In this shows:

Fig.1

a sectional view through a crushing machine of the present invention;

Fig. 2

a front view of the crusher of Fig. 1 ,

To Fig. 1 For example, a crushing machine 1 generally designated 1 includes, as a material processing machine, a housing 2, a rotor 3, and an opposed stator 4.

The rotor 3 is designed as a rotor disk driven by an electric motor (not shown), which carries grinding track elements 3a on its radially outer circumference, which are formed of highly wear-resistant material and fastened to the rotor disk for easier replacement by means of bolts 5a.

In the middle of the rotor disk 3, this is fastened to an axle 6 by means of a bolt 5b. The axis 6 passes through the housing 2 and is rotatably mounted in a low-friction bearing 7. The low-friction bearing 7 is designed for a fixed axial positioning of the rotor disk 3.

On the grinding path side of the rotor disk 3, further wear protection arrangements 8a, 8b can be provided in addition to the grinding path elements 3a, with which material to be comminuted can be directed from the center 6 near the axis of the rotor disk 3 in the direction of the grinding track elements 3a, without any damage to the rotor disk 3 to be feared.

Opposite the rotor disk 3 is a single and one-piece stator disk 4 is provided, which also carries on its outer periphery Mahlbahnelemente 4a, which are fastened with bolts 5c, and other wear elements 9, which lie radially within the Mahlbahnelemente 4a. In the center of the stator 4, a through hole 10 is provided, which is dimensioned for a sufficient Mahlgutstrom, which is passed through a hole 11 through the hole 10.

The Mahlbahnelemente 4a of the stator 4 and the Mahlbahnelemente 3a of the rotor 3 are opposite to each other and facing each other closely adjacent to a gap distance at the youngest point between 0.2 and 4 mm. This is inventively by the following structural design of Crushing machine 1 achieved:

The stator disk 4 is provided at its preferably bead-shaped periphery 4b with an external thread 4c, which runs around the circumference.

The external thread 4 c of the stator 4 meshes with a matching internal thread 22 of a holder 23 which surrounds the stator 4 annularly.

The annular holder 23 is adjustably held on the pivotally hinged to the machine housing 2 door frame. For adjustment serve the pressure and / or lag screws 24a, 24b, which are distributed equidistantly with the third screw 24c over the circumference. The third screw of the assembly 24c is formed like the other two pressure and / or lag screws, but has only holding function.

To Fig. 2 is on the outside of the stator 4, a support 25 is provided for a threaded spindle 26 which is rotated by a threaded hole abutment 27. The threaded spindle end bearing 25 provided on the stator disk 4 is formed so that the bearing 25 can be pivoted relative to the spindle 26 without the spindle 26 abutting, and so that the spindle 26 can apply both compressive and tensile forces. For this purpose, the threaded spindle 26 is provided at its end with a ball 28 which is arranged in a corresponding bore 25a of the bearing 25. At its opposite end, the spindle 26 has a handwheel 29.

The crusher of the present invention is adjusted and operated as follows:

First, with the machine door open, the stator 4 is rotated in the thread 22 of the holder 23. Then the door is pivoted in front of the rotor 3, so moved to its closed position and locked. For this purpose, screws 30 through corresponding holes in the door, the opposite threaded holes 31 are screwed to the machine housing 2.

Thereafter, the screws 24a and 24b are adjusted until over the entire circumference of the stator 4, a uniform gap distance to the rotor 3 results. Thus, the stator 4 is aligned parallel to the rotor 3. Thereafter, the threaded spindle 26 is rotated until a desired gap distance between the rotor disk 3 and stator 4 has been adjusted. Optionally, the threaded spindle 26 is now countered with a lock nut and thus fixes the gap distance. Then the feed hopper 11 is pushed into the central opening and the machine 1 is ready.

If a change in the material to be ground is desired during operation, for example because a finer size reduction is desired, the lock nut provided on the threaded spindle 26 can be loosened and the gap adjusted while the machine 1 is running. The typical design of the thread 22 and the fine thread spindle 26 allows an adjustment of the gap of, for example, 0.2 to 4 mm. If necessary, the threaded spindle 26 can also be provided with a scale or a vernier in order to indicate the gap distance.

After once done adjustment of stator 4 and rotor 3 to each other remain independent of the position of the threaded spindle 26, so the reciprocating motion in the thread on the rotor 3 and / or away from it in alignment with each other. The setting of the gap distance can be performed without problems by pressing a single control element and is thus feasible in particular by unskilled workers.

Unlike shown, an adjustment of the gap distance is possible not only with a fine thread spindle, but also with hydraulic cylinder-piston arrangements, etc. The adjustment does not necessarily have to be done manually, but can also be effected by means of an actuator. In this case, it is possible, in particular, not to set the gap distance to a predetermined desired value one time only, but according to the invention it is also possible to provide controls with which the setting is automatically changed during operation. For this example, the gap distance can be scanned optically or otherwise, the temperature or fineness of the exiting ground material or certain properties such as moisture content, hardness, etc. of the supplied material are determined and in control and / or regulating loop an adjustment of the gap distance can be made.

It is understood that the described arrangement is useful for a variety of crushing tasks. It is also possible to use the special arrangement of the stator and its adjustment in other machines than in crushing machines. In particular, for disk agglomerators, such as for plastics processing, the described arrangement is advantageous.

Claims (12)

1. Material treating machine with a housing (2) with a door frame, with a rotor (3) and a monobloc stator disc (4) that can be generally aligned parallel to the rotor and mounted at a radial distance from its axis (6), with a holding device (23) into which the stator disc (4) can be moved back and forth whilst generally maintaining its alignment with reference to the rotor, characterized in that the holding device (23) is held in the door frame and provided with an internal thread (22) and the stator disc (4) with a corresponding interacting outer thread (4c), and in that the stator disc (4) is rotatably arranged in relation to the holding device (23).
2. Material treating machine according to the preceding claim, equipped at the machine housing (2) with at least one pivot joint on which the stator disc (4) and its fastening (24) are both coupled and around which both can be pivoted in front of the rotor (3).
3. Material treating machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fastening is designed as an adjustable multiple fastening (24a, 24b, 24c) with which the stator disc can be generally aligned parallel to the rotor (3).
4. Material treating machine according to the preceding claim, wherein the multiple fastening (24a, 24b, 24c) carries the holding device (23) in which the stator disc (4) can be moved back and forth with reference to the rotor (3) while maintaining its generally aligned position and with which the stator disc (4) together with the holding device can be tilted in a generally parallel position with reference to the rotor.
5. Material treating machine according to the preceding claim, wherein the multiple fastening (24a, 24b, 24c) is designed to be located on the outside of a machine door that can be pivoted in front of the rotor (3).
6. Material treating machine according to one of the preceding claims with an adjusting means comprising at least one bearing (27) at the fastening, one counter-bearing (25) at the stator disc (4) and a control element moving them towards each other or away from each other to adjust a gap.
7. Material treating machine according to the preceding claim, with a control circuit to readjust the control element, wherein a sensor records the immediate gap, a property of the material processed or a parameter of the machine.
8. Material treating machine according to one of the claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the control element consists of a fine-thread spindle (26) and in that the bearing and counter-bearing (25,27) consist of a tapped hole for the fine-thread spindle (26).
9. Material treating machine according to one of the preceding claims with a grinding path located radially on the outside of a rotor (3) wherein the stator disc (4) is held radially out of its grinding path.
10. Material treating machine according to the preceding claim wherein the stator disc (4) has a central opening (10) through which the feedstock can be fed.
11. Material treating machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material treating machine is a size-reduction machine (1).
12. Material treating machine according to one of the claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the material treating machine is a disc agglomerator.

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