EP0987074A1 - Vorrichtung zum Umformen oder Schmieden von Rohlingen, Bauteilen oder Werkstücken - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zum Umformen oder Schmieden von Rohlingen, Bauteilen oder Werkstücken Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0987074A1 EP0987074A1 EP98810935A EP98810935A EP0987074A1 EP 0987074 A1 EP0987074 A1 EP 0987074A1 EP 98810935 A EP98810935 A EP 98810935A EP 98810935 A EP98810935 A EP 98810935A EP 0987074 A1 EP0987074 A1 EP 0987074A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- forming tool
- plate
- force
- closure plate
- closing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/02—Pressure casting making use of mechanical pressure devices, e.g. cast-forging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for forming or forging blanks, components or workpieces in the partially solidified state with at least one over a drive device adjustable forming tool and one interacting with it, a workpiece space having die.
- the workpiece is shaped in the temperature range between the solidus temperature and the liquidus temperature, the process window (temperature range) if possible, it is chosen so that the Share of solid phases approx. 60% and the share of liquid ones Melt is about 40%.
- the bolt can be similar to a solid body manipulated and placed in a mold.
- the skeletal fracture breaks under great stress Solid structure and there is a very flowable suspension of solid particles in liquid matrix melt.
- the shaping takes place in one Shaping step, either by pressing into a closed one Mold or between two moving mold halves. In this previously known forging process Overcome difficulties.
- Suitable metallic Materials such as suitable types of steel and aluminum etc. according to structure and composition as well as application components identified and developed.
- the warming at processing temperature requires compliance with a very narrow process window (temperature range). Further is the thermal load on the molds is very high because the processing temperature above the temperatures of the conventional processing.
- the object of the invention is to accommodate the work space to design the blank or the workpiece and train that an ejection of the molten Material is avoided during the primary shaping.
- the object is achieved in that the Workpiece space of the die using a locking device is closable with a compressive force and / or Actuating device is in operative connection. Due to the advantageous design of the workpiece space Picking up the blank is easy and inexpensive Way ensured that during the shaping of the Blank a spraying of the still molten material from the workpiece space or from the interior of the die is prevented. This can also ensure that the necessary positive locking during the solidification phase can be maintained. The maintenance the required solidification pressure in the workpiece space is easy and inexpensive to use a locking device ensured that the The forming tool is automatically set to the closed position arrives before the forming tool enters the interior the die is inserted.
- the locking device at least by the one generating a compressive force and / or actuating force Device held in a closed position becomes. Because the locking device with a compressive force or force generating device constantly in operative connection is ensured for the entire forging process, that the workpiece space remains closed.
- the closing device has a closure plate by means of which The workpiece space of the die can be closed.
- a locking plate that is part of the locking device is an exact seal of the inlet opening of the workpiece space of the die for receiving the Blanks are ensured.
- the locking device or the locking plate in is arranged approximately concentrically to the forming tool.
- one At least pressure force and / or force generating device has a spring which is concentric with the forming tool and / or is aligned with the closure plate.
- the one generating a compressive force and / or actuating force Device at least one hydraulic actuator has that with the locking device in Active connection is established.
- the contact pressure can be adjusted to the desired conditions optimally set or change, if this is necessary.
- the closure plate at least has an opening in which at least part of the forming tool is included. Because the closure plate to close the room to accommodate the blank is provided with an opening, the mold easily in the closing the opening of the workpiece space Position are introduced into the workpiece space and act on the blank without splashing out of molten material during molding entry. This is achieved in particular by that the required closing pressure either through the mechanical spring system or a hydraulic one Maintain system throughout the molding process becomes.
- the closure plate has at least one guide element having.
- Using one or more guide elements will be a perfect adjustment even then guaranteed if there is a non-uniform pressure distribution on the locking plate. Through the guide elements can thus tilt the locking plate during of the adjustment process can be prevented.
- the guide element on part of a device or on the closure plate is arranged and in one on the device or the die provided guide opening is insertable.
- the guide elements Favor the closing process because the locking plate is tilted is prevented during the adjustment process.
- the guide elements also ensure that the mold with respect to the device centered to ensure that the molding tool exactly through the opening in the locking plate can be performed. So before the mold into the interior penetrates the die, it is already through the Closing plate completely closed, only the opening in the closing plate for receiving the mold remains open. After centering the mold starts with simultaneous closing of the workpiece space the actual forming process. Through complete When the forming tool is shut down, the blank is formed and pressed into the intended cavity.
- the spring has a compressive force and / or force generating device between the closing plate and one provided on the forming tool Plant part is arranged.
- the spacer consists of a socket through which a guide pin extends, one end of which on Flange of the forming tool is connected and its other end through a provided in the closure plate Extends guide opening. This will also centering of the individual components with each other is guaranteed and at the same time a perfect guidance of the forming tool ensured.
- the advantageous training ensures the closing plate that the forming tool in the closure plate is slidably received.
- the closing plate by adjusting the forming tool in its closed position and / or in a workpiece space opening position can be brought. Because of the advantageous Design of the closure plate and the forming tool will be a good interplay between these ensures both parts and always ensures that the locking plate has already taken its place, before the forming tool in the interior of the die Recording of the blank is introduced. This will make how already mentioned, an ejection of molten material prevented during primary shaping.
- 10 is a forming device or thixo forging of blanks, components or workpieces referred to, by means of which the blanks in the partially solidified Condition can be shaped via a forming tool 3.
- the thixo forging device 10 is shown in detail in FIG. 5 illustrates and consists of a base plate 19, on another plate 21 by means of fastening elements 20 is attached concentrically.
- the fasteners 20 can be designed as clamp elements or bolts his.
- the bottom plate 19 and the plate 21 point to Inclusion of an ejector 6, a cylindrical bore 23 on.
- the ejector 6 is not one in the drawing further illustrated actuator from a lower Position moved to an upper position, for this purpose in an interior or workpiece space 11 are moved into it can and an unshaped blank or the workpiece the workpiece space 11 moved out.
- the workpiece space 11 is cylindrical in the embodiment. He However, any other suitable form for reshaping a Have blanks.
- the forming tool 3 (Fig. 7) has an upper flange 25 and one over Bolt 27 connected lower flange 28.
- a cylindrical recess or recess 26 is provided in which a head 29 of a Stamp 3 'of the mold 3 is added.
- the Flange 28 is opposite flange 25 by means of an annular seal 30 sealed.
- the upper part of the device 10 in detail reproduces is the left, in cross section shown part in its upper position and in the right, hatched representation in its lower end position, in which an already inserted into the workpiece space 11 Blank 1 is machined or formed.
- a or several cylindrical bores 31 which are concentric are aligned with the central axis of the device 10.
- springs or cylindrical compression springs 5 added, the part of the pressure or actuating force generating Device are.
- the top of the spring 5 acts against the underside of the upper flange 25 or one Plant part 9 and the lower end of the spring against one Top 33 of a locking plate 7 of the locking device 4th
- the closure plate 7 has a concentric to one Center axis 32 aligned opening or bore 12, through which the stamp 3 'of the forming tool 3 moves can be to the blank 1 in the workpiece space 11th press in and reshape.
- the forming tool 3 is about an actuator not shown in the drawing from the position shown in Figure 1 to the individual Positions (work phases) moved according to Figure 1 to 4.
- the the device generating pressure force and / or positioning force consists, as already mentioned, of one or according to FIG several compression springs 5 which between the flange 28 and the Sealing plate 7 acts, which, as mentioned, also in belongs to the drawing, not shown.
- FIG Drawing instead of the compression springs 5, one in accordance with FIG Drawing only schematically indicated hydraulic Locking device are used, for which one or more Push pins 5 'belong, which are concentric to the central axis 32 of the device 10 are aligned.
- the pressure bolts 5 ' stand with that not shown in the drawing hydraulic device or the hydraulic cylinders in connection.
- the pressure bolts 5 ' are by appropriate Bores 34 of a flange 28 'and bores 35 passed and move, similar to that in Figure 1, the closure plate 7 in an opening 36 of the workpiece space 11 closing position.
- the workflow the forming of the blank 1 is identical to the forming process according to the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 1 to 4.
- the closure plate 7 has one or more guide elements 13, which are designed as cylindrical guide bolts are and provided in the closure plate 7 holes 37 are inserted and attached.
- Concentric to The central axis 32 of the guide elements 13 is in the Die 2 has a bore 38 with a cylindrical Socket 43 for receiving the guide element 13 when the Sealing plate 7 in the opening 36 of the workpiece space 11 locking position was brought.
- the locking plate 7 is automatically centered secured against the die 2 by means of the guide elements 13.
- the mold 3 cf. right position according to FIG.
- the maximum travel of the compression spring 5 through one or more Spacers 15 limits that as a cylindrical socket is formed, which in a bore 40 of the flange 16th is recorded.
- the spacer 15 protrudes on an underside 41 of the flange 16 protrudes slightly and comes against the upper side 33 of the closure plate 7 for contact, when the mold 3 according to FIG. 7 is in its lower end position has reached.
- the spacer 15 or in the sleeve of the guide pin 17th added, which is in a bore or guide opening 18 of the closure plate 7 extends when how already mentioned, the stamp 3 'has moved down. This also centers the individual Parts reached among each other. At the same time, one will exact guidance of the parts to be adjusted ensured, so that tilting, in particular of the flange 16, is opposite the closure plate 7 is avoided.
- the guide pin 17 can have screw threads in the upper part and screwed into the flange 16.
- the number of springs and the spring force is determined by the required actuating or closing forces depending the pressure conditions in the workpiece space 11 of the die 2 determined.
- F Max F St + F Abstr.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine Vorrichtung zum Umformen oder Schmieden von Rohlingen vor dem Einführungsvorgang des Werkstücks in den Werkstückraum der Matrize,
- Fig. 2
- das abgesenkte Formwerkzeug mit dem in den Werkstückraum eingelegten Rohling,
- Fig. 3
- das bereits umgeformte Werkstück, wobei das Formwerkzeug seine unterste Stellung eingenommen hat,
- Fig. 4
- den Auswerfvorgang des geformten Werkstücks mit angehobenem Formwerkzeug, wobei sich der Auswerfer in der obersten Stellung befindet,
- Fig. 5
- eine Teilschnittdarstellung der Vorrichtung zum Thixoschmieden von Rohlingen, wobei die linke Hälfte die Vorrichtung in einer geöffneten und die rechte Hälfte der Zeichnung die Vorrichtung in einer geschlossenen Stellung wiedergibt,
- Fig. 6
- eine hydraulische Schliessvorrichtung, und
- Fig. 7
- eine Teilansicht des oberen Teils der Vorrichtung mit der Schliessvorrichtung und den zugehörigen Druckfedern zum Verstellen der Schliessplatte.
- 2000 bar = 200 N/mm2
- (1 bar = 105 Pa = 105 N/m2)
(1 Pa = 1 N/m2 = 105 bar)
- 1
- Rohling oder Bauteil im teilerstarrten Zustand, Werkstück
- 2
- Matrize
- 3
- Umformwerkzeug
- 3'
- Stempel
- 4
- Schliessvorrichtung
- 5
- Druckkraft und/oder Stellkraft erzeugende Vorrichtung, Feder, hydraulische Stellvorrichtung
- 5'
- Druckbolzen
- 6
- Auswerfer
- 7
- Verschlussplatte
- 8
- hydraulische Stellvorrichtung
- 9
- Anlageteil
- 10
- Vorrichtung zum Umformen oder Schmieden
- 11
- Werkstückraum
- 12
- Öffnung
- 13
- Führungselement
- 14
- Führungsöffnung
- 15
- Distanzstück
- 16
- Flansch
- 17
- Führungsbolzen
- 18
- Führungsöffnung
- 19
- Bodenplatte
- 20
- Befestigungselement, Bolzen, Klammer
- 21
- Platte
- 22
- Auswerfer
- 23
- Bohrung
- 24
- Schraubenbolzen
- 25
- Flansch
- 26
- Eindrehung, Vertiefung
- 27
- Schraubenbolzen
- 28
- Flansch
- 28'
- Flansch
- 29
- Kopf
- 30
- Dichtung, Ringdichtung
- 31
- Bohrung
- 32
- Mittelachse
- 33
- Oberseite
- 34
- Bohrung
- 35
- Bohrung
- 36
- Öffnung
- 37
- Bohrung
- 38
- Bohrung
- 39
- Stempel
- 40
- Bohrung
- 41
- Unterseite
- 43
- Buchse
Claims (15)
- Vorrichtung zum Umformen oder Schmieden von Rohlingen, Bauteilen oder Werkstücken (1) im teilerstarrten Zustand mit mindestens einem über eine Antriebsvorrichtung verstellbaren Umformwerkzeug (3) und einer mit diesem zusammenwirkenden, einen Werkstückraum (11) aufweisenden Matrize (2), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Werkstückraum (11) der Matrize (2) mittels einer Schliessvorrichtung (4) verschliessbar ist, die mit einer eine Druckkraft und/oder Stellkraft erzeugenden Vorrichtung (5) in Wirkverbindung steht.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schliessvorrichtung (4) zumindest durch die eine Druckkraft und/oder Stellkraft erzeugende Vorrichtung (5) in einer Schliess-Stellung gehalten wird.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schliessvorrichtung (4) eine Verschlussplatte (7) aufweist, mittels der der Werkstückraum (11) der Matrize (2) verschliessbar ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schliessvorrichtung (4) bzw. die Verschlussplatte (7) in etwa konzentrisch zum Umformwerkzeug (3) angeordnet ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die eine Druckkraft und/oder Stellkraft erzeugende Vorrichtung zumindest eine Feder (5) aufweist, die konzentrisch zum Umformwerkzeug (3) und/oder zur Verschlussplatte (7) ausgerichtet ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die eine Druckkraft und/oder Stellkraft erzeugende Vorrichtung (5) zumindest eine hydraulische Stellvorrichtung (8) aufweist, die mit der Schliessvorrichtung (4) in Wirkverbindung steht.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verschlussplatte (7) zumindest eine Öffnung (12) aufweist, in der zumindest ein Teil des Umformwerkzeugs (3) aufgenommen ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verschlussplatte (7) zumindest ein Führungselement (13) aufweist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Führungselement (13) an einem Teil einer Vorrichtung (10) oder an der Verschlussplatte (7) angeordnet ist und in eine an der Vorrichtung (10) oder der Matrize (2) vorgesehene Führungsöffnung (14) einführbar ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mehrere Führungselemente (13) an der Verschlussplatte (7) angeordnet und koaxial zum Werkstückraum (11) ausgerichtet sind.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Feder (5) der eine Druckkraft und/oder Stellkraft erzeugenden Vorrichtung zwischen der Verschlussplatte (7) und einem am Umformwerkzeug (3) vorgesehenen Anlageteil (9) angeordnet ist.
- Vorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 5 und 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Stellweg der Feder (5) mittels eines Distanzelements (15) begrenzbar ist, das am Flansch (16) des Umformwerkzeugs (3) vorgesehen ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Distanzelement (15) aus einer Buchse (43) besteht, durch die sich ein Führungsbolzen (17) erstreckt, dessen eines Ende am Flansch (16) des Umformwerkzeugs (3) angeschlossen ist und dessen anderes Ende sich durch eine in der Verschlussplatte (7) vorgesehene Führungsöffnung (18) erstreckt.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Umformwerkzeug (3) in der Verschlussplatte (7) verschiebbar aufgenommen ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verschlussplatte (7) durch Verstellen des Umformwerkzeugs (3) in seine Schliess-Stellung und/oder in eine den Werkstückraum (11) öffnende Stellung bringbar ist.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98810935A EP0987074A1 (de) | 1998-09-18 | 1998-09-18 | Vorrichtung zum Umformen oder Schmieden von Rohlingen, Bauteilen oder Werkstücken |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98810935A EP0987074A1 (de) | 1998-09-18 | 1998-09-18 | Vorrichtung zum Umformen oder Schmieden von Rohlingen, Bauteilen oder Werkstücken |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0987074A1 true EP0987074A1 (de) | 2000-03-22 |
Family
ID=8236333
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98810935A Withdrawn EP0987074A1 (de) | 1998-09-18 | 1998-09-18 | Vorrichtung zum Umformen oder Schmieden von Rohlingen, Bauteilen oder Werkstücken |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0987074A1 (de) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE633209C (de) * | 1931-12-29 | 1936-07-22 | Fraser Jones Ltd | Verfahren zum Giessen von Hohlbloecken |
US3068539A (en) * | 1960-08-04 | 1962-12-18 | Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc | High pressure permanent molding |
US4687042A (en) * | 1986-07-23 | 1987-08-18 | Alumax, Inc. | Method of producing shaped metal parts |
EP0531002A1 (de) * | 1991-08-22 | 1993-03-10 | Rheo-Technology, Ltd | Verfahren zum Umformen halbfester Metall-Legierungen |
WO1995033586A1 (en) * | 1994-06-04 | 1995-12-14 | Lucas Industries Public Limited Company | Improvements in and relating to bearing surfaces |
US5475999A (en) * | 1993-11-12 | 1995-12-19 | The Japan Steel Works, Ltd. | Die-lateral extruding method and apparatus |
-
1998
- 1998-09-18 EP EP98810935A patent/EP0987074A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE633209C (de) * | 1931-12-29 | 1936-07-22 | Fraser Jones Ltd | Verfahren zum Giessen von Hohlbloecken |
US3068539A (en) * | 1960-08-04 | 1962-12-18 | Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc | High pressure permanent molding |
US4687042A (en) * | 1986-07-23 | 1987-08-18 | Alumax, Inc. | Method of producing shaped metal parts |
EP0531002A1 (de) * | 1991-08-22 | 1993-03-10 | Rheo-Technology, Ltd | Verfahren zum Umformen halbfester Metall-Legierungen |
US5475999A (en) * | 1993-11-12 | 1995-12-19 | The Japan Steel Works, Ltd. | Die-lateral extruding method and apparatus |
WO1995033586A1 (en) * | 1994-06-04 | 1995-12-14 | Lucas Industries Public Limited Company | Improvements in and relating to bearing surfaces |
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