EP0976675A1 - Verfahren zur Kraftbegrenzung für automatische Aufzugstüren - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Kraftbegrenzung für automatische Aufzugstüren Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0976675A1 EP0976675A1 EP99114061A EP99114061A EP0976675A1 EP 0976675 A1 EP0976675 A1 EP 0976675A1 EP 99114061 A EP99114061 A EP 99114061A EP 99114061 A EP99114061 A EP 99114061A EP 0976675 A1 EP0976675 A1 EP 0976675A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- force
- door
- model
- motor
- driving force
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B13/00—Doors, gates, or other apparatus controlling access to, or exit from, cages or lift well landings
- B66B13/02—Door or gate operation
- B66B13/14—Control systems or devices
- B66B13/143—Control systems or devices electrical
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for limiting force for automatic elevator doors with a door operator consisting of control, motor and drive mechanism for Movement of a cabin door and a landing door according to one the speed profile corresponding to the door position and force course from an open position to a Closed position or vice versa, the force curve door parameters that change over time is customizable and the doors during the movement process in the event of interference caused by an obstacle are stopable and / or reversible.
- a disadvantage of the known device is that complex and extensive storage of the for Average necessary position-dependent Current curves for the entire driving range of the door.
- the invention seeks to remedy this.
- the invention as characterized in claim 1, solves the problem to avoid the disadvantages of the known device and a method for driving force limitation with a optimized signal-to-noise ratio and increased safety for elevator users.
- the advantages achieved by the invention are in essential to see that a compact form of Description of the interference-free drive force curve is possible. This can be an automatic, optimal Setting of the driving force limit reached and the Commissioning effort can be reduced. Another advantage is that a force limit isn't just for a particular one Target speed function of the door is available, but also for deviating courses, for example at reduced speed or increased acceleration can be provided without a new learning trip beforehand perform.
- the method according to the invention relates to the Door closing process as well as the door opening process.
- Force limitation means a when closing the door Limitation of the closing force or a limitation of the Opening force during the opening process.
- Force curve relates the force curve during the door closing process or during the door opening process.
- Fig. 1 shows a system for the operation of an automatic Elevator door consisting of a setpoint generator 1 for the Speed, an actual value recorder 2 the Speed / door position, a motion controller 3, one Speed generator 4 in the form of a door drive consisting of control, motor and drive mechanics as well an actual value detector 5 for the generated or applied Driving force.
- the drive or motor power is the applied by the engine, taking into account the realized gear ratios converted to the door Force designated.
- the closing force or opening force is the force that is applied during a closing process or Opening process from the door edge or door on Obstacle is exercised.
- a driving force model 6 for that Driving force calculated on the basis of a mathematical Model and the determined door parameters which in the Driving force to be applied without interference.
- On Limit value generator 7 calculated from the Upload model value and a permissible interference force a force limit value, which by means of a comparator 8 Actual value of the driving force or the applied Driving force is compared.
- a force limit value which by means of a comparator 8 Actual value of the driving force or the applied Driving force is compared.
- the driving force model 6 the driving force to be used.
- This mathematical model determined using Equations of motion and the previously determined door parameters that at a certain acceleration and at a certain speed under normal, undisturbed Driving force to be applied.
- the force limit is determined from the driving force to be applied and the maximum permissible interference force. Meets the Door on an obstacle while moving, so when Exceeding the force limit by the applied Driving force a stopping and / or reversing the Elevator door raised to the safety of elevator users to ensure.
- the mathematical model can be fixed or designed adaptively in a further embodiment be, being an adaptation to the during operation occurring parameter changes takes place.
- the model can be based on differential equations can be (explicitly) realized.
- the explicit mathematical Model is based on Newton's equations of motion for the door mechanism. These are here for a simplified one Model of the door mechanism specified.
- F MT v T ⁇ M GT + F R ⁇ Sign (v T ) + g ⁇ m G v T ⁇ v T (t) - v T (t - T) T
- the driving force to be applied at any time can be calculated depending on the parameters and the acceleration v ⁇ T.
- the acceleration is approximately calculated from the speed values, as shown in equation [3], where T is a suitably selected sampling time.
- Equations [2], [3] can be easily programmed and provide the driving force model value for force monitoring. If the parameters F R , m G and m GT are set once, for example during the manufacture or commissioning of the door, the model is fixed. If the parameters of the model are automatically adapted to the actual parameters of the door mechanics during operation of the door, this is called an adaptive model.
- the setpoint generator 1 generates one Speed setpoint as a function of time or Way or the door position.
- the motion controller 3 can for example a speed / position controller, based on measured speed / position information generates a speed specification.
- the mathematical model represents the dependency of the respective generated driving force from the acceleration, the speed setting and the door position. From mathematical model, the motor force is calculated the without obstacle the predetermined speed curve generated. This normal course depends, for example, on the given acceleration, the characteristic of the Speed generation, the friction forces, the mass of the moving parts and the parameters of the mechanics and the Friction in mechanics.
- the one to be generated, generated by the driving force model 6 The driving force is during the operation of the door Changes due to wear and aging exposed. Therefore, the driving force model 6 can be designed that a slow adaptation of the to be applied Driving force in the course of changes he follows.
- the actual value of the driving force or applied driving force can be in connection with the target / actual speed be evaluated to determine the effective moving mass, the closing weight of the door and the One-time or ongoing frictional force during operation determine.
- test drives are carried out in which the measured values for the motor force converted to the door edge / door and the speed of the door edge / door are recorded and saved periodically.
- the acceleration depends on the engine power.
- the right side of the equation [1] contains a component that is linear to the force and a constant component.
- the coefficients a and b of the linear equation [4] can easily be determined, for example by means of linear regression.
- the values determined for a closing process are denoted as a s and b s , those for an opening process as a 0 and b 0 .
- the mathematical model can also be used as an implicit model will be realized.
- An implicit mathematical model also generated for a given acceleration curve a reference value of the engine power, but without doing so on the vivid physical parameters to have to fall back.
- An implicit mathematical Model can be made through an artificial neural network being represented.
- An implicit model is through a training phase prepared, in which the behavior of the model by a Larger number of examples for the input / output behavior is specified.
- This sample data are generated by a real system whose behavior to be mimicked by the model, with different Input data is stimulated and at the same time the Input signal and the output signals representing the response of the system show be recorded. In the specific case you become a number of opening and closing movements the door and the ones that occur Record measured value curves.
- the internal parameters of the implicit models are optimized until the Model for all input data similar output data generated like the real model system until model and Reality sufficiently similar.
- an asynchronous motor can be used as the speed generator 4 in connection with a frequency converter with a rotor flux-oriented current control and superimposed speed control implemented thereon, the torque-forming current component i sq , which is orthogonal to the rotor flux, being usable as an internal variable.
- the coordinate transformation consists in not selecting the position of the first winding axis as the reference point, but the current magnetic flux in the rotor of the machine.
- the current in the stator i s can then be broken down into a component i sd parallel to the rotor flux and a component i sq perpendicular to it.
- the amount of rotor flux can be kept constant by the suitably controlled current component i sd .
- the proportionality between i sq and the applied engine torque then applies, so that i sq is a measure of the driving force acting on the door edge / door.
- Asynchronous motor in connection with one on it implemented U / f control are used, the detected slip as a measure of the applied Driving force serves.
- Synchronous motor can be used.
- the limit value generator 7 calculates from that by means of mathematical model determined driving model value and a permissible interference force a force limit value. in the In the simplest case, this is done by adding the per Regulation stipulated maximum permissible interference of for example 120 N.
- the Force limit can be a statistical evaluation process for example according to a Gaussian normal distribution be used.
- the Gaussian normal distribution is only one of many possible distribution functions. Exponential, Weibull or equal distribution are also applicable. All of these functions have a density function and a distribution function, the calculated ones Numerical values can of course be different.
- the statistical evaluation of the difference between the actual value the driving force and that of the mathematical model delivered value of the driving force can be determined how good the measured values with the theoretical values. Under the assumption a Gaussian normal distribution of the difference values itself, as shown in FIG.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Elevator Door Apparatuses (AREA)
- Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
- Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Darstellung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens und
- Fig. 2
- statistische Funktionen zur Auswertung der Differenz zwischen Soll- und Istschliesskraftwerten.
- v ˙T
- die Beschleunigung,
- vT
- die Geschwindigkeit der Türkante,
- FMT
- die vom Motor aufgebrachte, unter Berücksichtigung der kraftübertragenden und kraftumformenden Mechanik auf die Türkante/Tür umgerechnete Antriebskraft,
- FR
- die als konstant angenommene Summe aller auf die Türkante umgerechneten Gleit- und Rollreibungskräfte der Türmechanik,
- sign (vT)
- die Signumfunktion, die für vT>0 den Wert 1 und für vT<0 den Wert -1 aufweist.
- g
- die Schwerebeschleunigung 9,81 m/s2,
- mG
- die Masse des Gegengewichtes und
- mGT
- die Summe der unter Berücksichtigung der kraftübertragenden und kraftumformenden Mechanik auf die Türkante/Tür umgerechneten Massen aller bewegten Teile (Türflügel, Rollen, Zahnriemen, Riemenscheiben, Stahlseile, Gegengewicht, Rotor des Motors, usw.) bedeuten.
- s
- der Schlupf,
- ns
- die Synchrondrehzahl des umlaufenden magnetischen Feldes,
- n
- die mechanische Drehzahl der Motorwelle,
- ws
- die Synchronkreisfrequenz des magnetischen Feldes,
- w
- die mechanische Kreisfrequenz,
- fs
- die aktuelle Synchron- bzw. Ausgangsfrequenz des Frequenzumrichters und
- zp
- die Polzahl des verwendeten Motors ist.
- MK
- das Kippmoment und
- sK
- der Kippschlupf ist.
- zp
- die Polpaarzahl,
- Is
- der Betrag des Ständerstromes,
- Lm
- die Hauptinduktivität des Motors,
- Ls
- die Ständerinduktivität des Motors,
- Unom
- die Nennspannung des Motors und
- fnom
- die Nennfrequenz des Motors ist.
Claims (10)
- Verfahren zur Kraftbegrenzung für automatische Aufzugstüren mit einem Türantrieb bestehend aus Steuerung, Motor und Antriebsmechanik zur Bewegung einer Kabinentür und einer Schachttür gemäss eines der Türstellung entsprechenden Geschwindigkeitsverlaufes und Kraftverlaufes von einer Offenstellung in eine Geschlossenstellung oder umgekehrt, wobei der Kraftverlauf an sich im Laufe der Zeit verändernde Türparameter anpassbar ist und die Türen während des Bewegungsvorganges bei einer durch ein Hindernis ausgelösten Störkraft stoppbar und/oder reversierbar sind,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der im störkraftfreien Betrieb aufzubringende Antriebskraftverlauf mittels eines mathematischen Modells für den Türantrieb bestimmt wird und mit dem vom Türantrieb erzeugten Antriebskraftverlauf verglichen wird und
dass durch die Störkraft ausgelöste Abweichungen bestimmter Grösse zwischen dem aufzubringenden Kraftverlauf und dem erzeugten Kraftverlauf die Türen stoppen und/oder reversieren. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das mathematische Modell auf Newtonschen Bewegungsgleichungen für die Türmechanik basiert. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das mathematische Modell ein adaptives Modell ist, bei dem die Parameter während des laufenden Betriebes der Tür automatisch an die tatsächlichen Parameter der Türmechanik angepasst werden. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das mathematische Modell durch ein künstliches neuronales Netz darstellbar ist, wobei das Modell durch eine Trainingsphase vorbereitet wird, bei der das Modell ein reales System nachahmt. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass zur Erzeugung des Kraftverlaufes ein spannungs- und frequenzgesteuerter Asynchronmotor vorgesehen ist, wobei der erfasste Motorschlupf als Mass für die Antriebskraft dient. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass zur Erzeugung des Kraftverlaufes ein spannungs- und frequenzgesteuerter Asynchronmotor vorgesehen ist, wobei der erfasste Ständerstrombetrag als Mass für die Antriebskraft dient. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass zur Erzeugung des Kraftverlaufes ein frequenzumrichtergespeister Asynchronmotor vorgesehen ist, wobei die zum Rotorfluss orthogonale Stromkomponente isq als Mass für die Antriebskraft dient. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass zur Erzeugung des Kraftverlaufes ein Synchronmotor vorgesehen ist. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass aus dem mittels des mathematischen Modells bestimmten Antriebskraftmodellwert und einer zulässigen Störkraft einen Kraftgrenzwert bestimmt wird, wobei beim Überschreiten des Kraftgrenzwertes die Türen stoppen und/oder reversieren. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Kraftgrenzwert mittels eines statistischen Auswerteverfahrens nach einer Dichte- und Verteilungsfunktion bestimmt wird.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP99114061A EP0976675B2 (de) | 1998-07-30 | 1999-07-20 | Verfahren zur Kraftbegrenzung für automatische Aufzugstüren |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98810733 | 1998-07-30 | ||
EP98810733 | 1998-07-30 | ||
EP99114061A EP0976675B2 (de) | 1998-07-30 | 1999-07-20 | Verfahren zur Kraftbegrenzung für automatische Aufzugstüren |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0976675A1 true EP0976675A1 (de) | 2000-02-02 |
EP0976675B1 EP0976675B1 (de) | 2003-10-15 |
EP0976675B2 EP0976675B2 (de) | 2008-08-13 |
Family
ID=8236223
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99114061A Expired - Lifetime EP0976675B2 (de) | 1998-07-30 | 1999-07-20 | Verfahren zur Kraftbegrenzung für automatische Aufzugstüren |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0976675B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1102529C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE252049T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59907349D1 (de) |
HK (1) | HK1026187A1 (de) |
MY (1) | MY120366A (de) |
SG (1) | SG71932A1 (de) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1544151A1 (de) * | 2002-09-27 | 2005-06-22 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Steuervorrichtung für aufzugtür |
CN102324890A (zh) * | 2011-09-07 | 2012-01-18 | 深圳市海浦蒙特科技有限公司 | 电梯门机开关门到位转矩控制方法及电梯门机装置 |
US9126809B2 (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2015-09-08 | Inventio Ag | Device and method for controlling elevator car door |
US9352936B2 (en) | 2010-12-27 | 2016-05-31 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and apparatus for determining a force, and use of the method and/or of the apparatus |
WO2020058261A1 (de) | 2018-09-21 | 2020-03-26 | Inventio Ag | Aufzugskabine, aufzugsanlage, verfahren zum betreiben einer aufzugsanlage und türantrieb |
US20220268081A1 (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2022-08-25 | Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh | Method for carrying out a closing operation, closing device, server apparatus and communication terminal for carrying out a method of this type |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4792307B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-22 | 2011-10-12 | 株式会社日立製作所 | エレベータのドア安全制御装置 |
JP5568633B2 (ja) * | 2010-04-30 | 2014-08-06 | 三菱電機株式会社 | エレベータのドア制御装置 |
DE112012002180B4 (de) * | 2011-05-20 | 2018-05-03 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Aufzuganlage |
CN102431870B (zh) * | 2011-09-16 | 2013-12-25 | 深圳市海浦蒙特科技有限公司 | 电梯门机开门关门到位转矩自适应方法和装置及控制系统 |
US9834414B2 (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2017-12-05 | Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. | System and method for controlling elevator door systems |
DE202016008654U1 (de) | 2016-01-26 | 2018-10-29 | András Lelkes | Umrichter zum Speisen eines elektrisch erregten Motors |
CN109573797B (zh) * | 2018-12-03 | 2022-09-06 | 天津康途科技有限公司 | 一种电梯门机各楼层关门曲线自适应方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0731398A2 (de) * | 1995-03-09 | 1996-09-11 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | System und Methode zur Regelung mit Hilfe einer äquivalenten Schaltung, die als Referenz angewandt wird |
JPH09323877A (ja) * | 1996-06-07 | 1997-12-16 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | エレベータドアの制御装置 |
EP0838424A1 (de) * | 1996-10-25 | 1998-04-29 | Otis Elevator Company | Überwachung von Aufzugstürleistung |
-
1999
- 1999-07-08 SG SG1999003289A patent/SG71932A1/en unknown
- 1999-07-10 MY MYPI99002921A patent/MY120366A/en unknown
- 1999-07-20 AT AT99114061T patent/ATE252049T1/de active
- 1999-07-20 EP EP99114061A patent/EP0976675B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-20 DE DE59907349T patent/DE59907349D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-21 CN CN99110811A patent/CN1102529C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-07-26 HK HK00104691A patent/HK1026187A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0731398A2 (de) * | 1995-03-09 | 1996-09-11 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | System und Methode zur Regelung mit Hilfe einer äquivalenten Schaltung, die als Referenz angewandt wird |
JPH09323877A (ja) * | 1996-06-07 | 1997-12-16 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | エレベータドアの制御装置 |
EP0838424A1 (de) * | 1996-10-25 | 1998-04-29 | Otis Elevator Company | Überwachung von Aufzugstürleistung |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 098, no. 004 31 March 1998 (1998-03-31) * |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1544151A1 (de) * | 2002-09-27 | 2005-06-22 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Steuervorrichtung für aufzugtür |
EP1544151A4 (de) * | 2002-09-27 | 2007-11-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Steuervorrichtung für aufzugtür |
US9126809B2 (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2015-09-08 | Inventio Ag | Device and method for controlling elevator car door |
US9352936B2 (en) | 2010-12-27 | 2016-05-31 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and apparatus for determining a force, and use of the method and/or of the apparatus |
CN102324890A (zh) * | 2011-09-07 | 2012-01-18 | 深圳市海浦蒙特科技有限公司 | 电梯门机开关门到位转矩控制方法及电梯门机装置 |
WO2020058261A1 (de) | 2018-09-21 | 2020-03-26 | Inventio Ag | Aufzugskabine, aufzugsanlage, verfahren zum betreiben einer aufzugsanlage und türantrieb |
CN112805234A (zh) * | 2018-09-21 | 2021-05-14 | 因温特奥股份公司 | 电梯轿厢、电梯设备、用于运行电梯设备的方法和门驱动装置 |
US11679960B2 (en) | 2018-09-21 | 2023-06-20 | Inventio Ag | Elevator car, elevator installation, method for operating an elevator system and door drive |
CN112805234B (zh) * | 2018-09-21 | 2023-07-28 | 因温特奥股份公司 | 门驱动装置以及相应的电梯轿厢、电梯设备和方法 |
US20220268081A1 (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2022-08-25 | Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh | Method for carrying out a closing operation, closing device, server apparatus and communication terminal for carrying out a method of this type |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0976675B1 (de) | 2003-10-15 |
EP0976675B2 (de) | 2008-08-13 |
ATE252049T1 (de) | 2003-11-15 |
SG71932A1 (en) | 2000-04-18 |
MY120366A (en) | 2005-10-31 |
HK1026187A1 (en) | 2000-12-08 |
DE59907349D1 (de) | 2003-11-20 |
CN1102529C (zh) | 2003-03-05 |
CN1244492A (zh) | 2000-02-16 |
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