EP0952902B1 - Drehwerkzeug-system - Google Patents
Drehwerkzeug-system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0952902B1 EP0952902B1 EP98904095A EP98904095A EP0952902B1 EP 0952902 B1 EP0952902 B1 EP 0952902B1 EP 98904095 A EP98904095 A EP 98904095A EP 98904095 A EP98904095 A EP 98904095A EP 0952902 B1 EP0952902 B1 EP 0952902B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- handle
- handles
- turning
- tool system
- rotary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25G—HANDLES FOR HAND IMPLEMENTS
- B25G1/00—Handle constructions
- B25G1/10—Handle constructions characterised by material or shape
- B25G1/102—Handle constructions characterised by material or shape the shape being specially adapted to facilitate handling or improve grip
Definitions
- the invention relates to a turning tool system that several each have a handle and a blade Turning tools with different ones Grip sizes included.
- Turning tool systems of the type mentioned here are known. They include a number of turning tools for example screwdrivers that are different Handle sizes and blade sizes and / or Have blade types. So are from DE-U-295 17th 276 turning tools known, whose handles in the area of the largest diameter an out-of-round profile have and the two different hard Plastics are built to include the Increase turning comfort.
- the also called booklets Handles have the same basic shape and differentiate differ only by their size.
- the different sizes of the handles arise by scaling, that is, by compression or stretching a basic shape.
- the dimensions and the shape of the turning tool handles change always proportional. With this approach to shape and size the individual Grips represents the formal affiliation of the individual Turning tools to a turning tool system that series character is also referred to, in the foreground.
- a disadvantage when stretching or compressing a Basic shape for the design and shaping of the individual, different sized handles of the known Turning tool systems is just a handle in Size and shape to the average hand size an operator / user is adapted such that the maximum that can be applied with this handle size Torque with a sufficient degree of turning comfort is executable.
- Orient all other handle sizes depends on the size of the respective turning tool blade, that is for a very small blade a very small handle is provided and vice versa, so that handle sizes arise for the Hand of the user either too big or too small are.
- the technical problem is a turning tool system to create that includes turning tools of which each turning tool is one has improved manageability and functionality and at the same time the system / Series character, that is, the clear affiliation a turning tool to the turning tool system, preserved.
- each turning tools with a handle and a blade comprehensive turning tool system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the Handles of turning tools with different Handle sizes or handle shapes with constant Turning comfort, preferably with constant torque, the transfer of the for the respective handle size or handle shape maximum transferable Allow torque.
- Every single grip of the turning tool system is individual with regard to its application, namely for example the power or torque transmission, proportioned. Through this type of design the handles can be as large as possible Guaranteed turning comfort for every single handle become.
- the ease of handling and functionality under turning comfort a turning tool especially in Regarding ergonomically optimized adaptation to the hand of the average user / operator, Roger that.
- a maximum transferable Torque the torque understood, the maximum from a turning tool to a target, for example a screw that can be transferred.
- the maximum transmissible torque depends in particular from the parameters surface structure of the Handle, torque used, handle size respectively -form, blade and target object, for example Screw off and is determined by the parameter the one for the transmission of a particular one Torque is most unsuitable, for example the one who can't stand it.
- the maximum Transmittable torque is therefore in every application separately depending in particular of the parameters mentioned.
- the maximum transmissible torque influencing parameters down to the handle size or shape for each turning tool of the Turning tool system constant for a screw job be held depends on the maximum transferable Torque alone or essentially depends on the handle size or shape.
- the invention now provides that in all turning tools of a system that with the respective Maximum handle size / shape of the individual turning tool transferable torque with a high turning comfort can be transferred to all turning tools of the turning tool system essentially is the same.
- the invention also provides that with consistently high turning comfort and constant turning force the maximum for the respective handle size / shape transmissible torque can be transmitted.
- the invention thus relates to a turning tool system, which is characterized, among other things, that the respective handle of the individual turning tools a non-proportionally scaled variation of one Handle basic shape.
- handles are not carried out proportional enlargement or reduction, in particular Extension or compression of a basic shape, but from an ergonomic point of view as well due to the posed on the respective handle Conditions.
- the non-proportionally scaled variation a basic handle shape due to the interaction various parameters, such as handle length and Handle diameter or their ratio basic shape of a handle determined to each other.
- the basic shape of the handle according to the invention by the ratio of the handle length determined to the largest handle diameter.
- the invention has every single turning tool of the turning tool system, preferably essentially, different ratio of handle length to largest handle diameter as another turning tool of the system according to the invention.
- the invention also relates to a Turning tool system in which several turning tools an identical or almost identical relationship from handle length to largest handle diameter and one or several other turning tools of the system different, preferably significantly different, ratio of these two parameters to each other.
- a turning tool of an inventive Turning tool system a ratio of handle length to the largest handle diameter of 1.75: 1, a second Turning tool this system has a ratio of 2.12: 1, a third turning tool of this system Ratio of 2.06: 1 and a fourth turning tool this turning tool system has a ratio of 2.95: 1 on.
- a preferred embodiment of the present Invention reflects the change in this Ratios that scaled non-proportionally Modification of a basic handle shape again.
- All handles of the turning tool system are individual designed in shape and size and different proportioned, the system character in all Grips of the turning tool system fully preserved remains.
- the basic shape of the handle is average Size of a hand, a so-called "Standard hand", adapted.
- the invention preferably sees proposed that part of those discussed below characteristic parameters respectively Design parameters of the basic handle shape for each handle of the turning tool system individually can be varied and a different part for everyone Handle sizes remain the same.
- the one provided and particularly preferred according to the invention Basic handle shape has one at the beginning of the handle arranged thumb support to which one Fast turning range and a power turning range as well connect the handle end.
- the handle In connection with the present invention is under the handle the area of the handle facing the blade and under the handle end the area facing away from the blade of the handle understood.
- the different Size handles of the individual turning tools have the same basic geometry that is composed of the individual characteristic zones.
- In the range of the power rotation range Handle is used to generate a certain Torque required force from a hand User applied in the usual handling of the handle. Are in the fast turning range grab the thumb, index finger and possibly the middle finger of one hand, whereby the thumb is also supported on the thumb rest.
- a handle By supporting the thumb on the preferably a thumb rest with anti-roll protection can be directed in the direction of the axis of rotation Force are generated.
- Another embodiment of the turning tool system is characterized in that the outer contour the handles - transverse to the longitudinal axis of the handle considered - has a curved course.
- the preferably S-curve shape of the outer contour is formed in that the range of force both to the end of the handle and to the fast turning area falls off and into the thumb rest transitioning rapid turning range an increasing Has history.
- the outer contour of a handle has a turning point on, preferably between the force and the Fast turning range lies.
- An embodiment is particularly preferred of the turning tool system, which is characterized by that the transition between thumb support and fast turning range and / or the transition between, preferably circular in cross section, Fast turning range and, preferably in cross section octagonal, power range is stepless.
- the main focus is on the quick turning range of a handle in its design in one if possible high turning comfort due to the invention provided - in cross section considered - circular shape is guaranteed.
- the focus of the requirements is on its design rather in an efficient power transmission acceptable turning comfort, both by the invention intended - viewed in cross section - essentially circular outer contour, the means especially the octagonal one Power rotation range with rounded edges, guaranteed becomes.
- This type of shape can a particularly good adjustment of the respective handle at hand and the respective screwing task be realized so that the turning comfort and the Function of the respective handle further improved can be. It has improved Turning comfort turned out to be particularly advantageous, the individual zones or areas of a handle harmoniously and fluently to let pass
- the handles of the Turning tools one, at least essentially, have circular cross section.
- the handles can be placed on the user's hand acting loads are reduced so that even with a permanent load, for example a powerful turning of a handle over you a longer period of time, a painless turning is possible.
- the handles of the turning tool system have a high turning comfort due to this design on.
- An embodiment is particularly preferred of the turning tool system, which is characterized by that the distance between the largest Diameter and the smallest diameter of a Handle on all handles, at least essentially, is the same size. It is particularly advantageous if the distance between the handle end and the Handle end facing the end of the thumb rest all handles, at least essentially, the same is great. From a basic handle shape according to ergonomic and functional aspects modified, handles of different sizes of the individual Turning tools have - regardless of their size aforementioned distances, which are preferably in are essentially the same size, creating a uniform good handling or high turning comfort with all handles of the turning tool system can be guaranteed.
- the same, characteristic Distances of different sizes Handles result from the basic shape of the handle is designed in size and shape that the maximum transferable torque for this handle with a consistently high turning comfort or one constant torque can be applied.
- the dimensions to a standardized hand of a user adapted handle basic shape are essentially adopted and on larger and smaller handles transfer directly because the size of the standard hand is a constant.
- the determined for a standard hand characteristic dimensions of the Basic handle shape (for example the handle length and the distance from the largest diameter to the smallest Diameter), which is a high turning comfort at maximum Ensure torque are found both with the smallest handle size as well as with the largest handle size and all in between Grip sizes of the turning tool system again.
- An embodiment of the Turning tool system which is characterized by that the distance between the handle end and the smallest diameter of a handle for all handles, at least essentially the same size. Furthermore, an embodiment of the turning tool system preferred where the distance between the handle end and the largest diameter a handle on all handles, at least essentially, is the same size. Make these distances further characteristic parameters for one Handle and arise - as above described- by the non-proportional modification any handle size from the basic handle shape.
- an embodiment of the Turning tool system which is characterized by that the handles in the power range, at least partially, have an octagonal cross section that accordingly, eight of the same or different, for example includes two times four sections.
- This cross-sectional shape ensures powerful turning the handle to generate a high torque with a high turning comfort.
- an embodiment of the turning tool system preferred, in which the cross sections the handles in the power turning range from at least two circular sections each different Geometry, i.e. different radii of curvature, Widths and / or arc lengths, composed are.
- each different Geometry i.e. different radii of curvature, Widths and / or arc lengths
- the radius of curvature of each Select circular sections relatively large, so that in the peripheral areas of a handle, in which the a circular section having a different curvature one edge at a time is formed, which is preferably only relatively small is pronounced. Because of the big and different Radii of curvature of at least two different sections of the circle meet adjacent outer surfaces of the circular sections in at a flat angle to each other.
- edges additionally be rounded.
- the optically and when holding the respective handle preferably barely perceptible Edges give the user a pleasant and comfortable grip.
- the edges are special trained in such a way that it only takes Grab / grab and turn the handle become noticeable.
- the improved by the edges Form fit between the handle and the hand of the user increases the slip resistance and enables the transmission of relatively high torques with little effort.
- the invention preferably provides that the cross sections of the handles are polygonal.
- the Cross section preferably have eight circular sections with preferably two different geometries on that - about the scope of each Grip seen - alternately arranged one behind the other are.
- the radius of curvature is preferred half of a first segment of a circle Diameter at the respective cross section Handle designed accordingly and the radius of curvature of a second circular section larger than that Radius of curvature of the first circular section.
- the proportions of the two radii of curvature the total amount is up to the individual Handle sizes in different ratios to each other.
- the proportion of Circular sections with the larger radius on the entire circumference Larger handles therefore appear more flat and angular, while smaller 'according to the invention Handles look rather round.
- the invention does not only concern the aforementioned systems, but also the individual Turning tools, especially those according to the invention designed handles in their up and down described execution.
- FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a Embodiment of a short as below Handle 1 designated turning tool handle.
- the handle 1 is part of a turning tool from a turning tool system, the several, one handle each and comprises a rotary tool having a blade.
- the preferably made of at least one plastic, in particular Polypropylene and optionally one thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) Handle 1 is preferably in a casting process Injection molding process, with one not shown here Blade connected.
- the also as cutting edge designated blade can be designed differently be, for example, slit and cross-slit for slotted screws or Phillips screws. Blades can also be provided be on the outer contour of a screw, in particular attach to the screw head or a nut, to transmit a torque. such For example, blades can have an internal hexagon contour exhibit.
- the design of the handle described below 1 is representative of all grip sizes of the in 3 to 6 illustrated turning tool system. Their design and shape is based on of Figures 3 to 6 discussed in more detail.
- the handle 1 shown in Figure 1 has one Handle start 3 and a handle end 5.
- a thumb rest 7 is arranged on the -in the direction of the longitudinal axis 8 of the handle 1 considered - a fast turning area 9 and at this a power rotation range 11 connects.
- the handle 1 further includes a roll-off protection 13, which in this Embodiment of the handle of two in the area the thumb rest 7 arranged flat surfaces 14 and 15 is formed, of which in Figure 1 only the surface 15 can be seen.
- an extension 17 Between the Thumb rest 7 and the beginning of the handle 3 is an extension 17 arranged.
- the outer contour of the handle 1 points across the longitudinal axis 8 of the handle a curve. As from a figure 1, both the transition between Thumb rest 7 and the rapid turning area 9 as also the transition between the fast turning range 9 and Power rotation range 11 continuously formed.
- the handle 1 has an in the entire length substantially circular cross-section, where the size of the cross-section over the entire length the handle 1 considered - varies.
- the handle 1 is spherical and points to one with the reference number 25 marked its largest diameter on.
- the cross section becomes in the direction of the handle end 5 of the handle evenly smaller and smaller until to one marked with the reference number 27 Place of the handle to which a spherical segment-shaped Section 29 joins. Section 29 in turn limits or forms the end of the handle 5.
- Starting from the largest diameter the point 25 is the cross section of the handle 1 in Direction of the rapid turning range 9 always smaller and increases again towards the thumb rest 7th
- FIG. 2 shows a front view of the handle 1 the several distributed over the length of the handle Cross sections are visible.
- the process 17 has a circular cylindrical cross section on and is provided with an opening 19, the Center point on the longitudinal axis 8 of the handle 1 lies. In the opening 19 is not shown here Blade arranged.
- the handle 1 With the in Figure 1 the position identified by the reference numeral 21, the is arranged in the region of the thumb rest 7 the handle 1 has a circular cross section, of the surfaces 14 and 15 of the roll-off protection 13 is interrupted. The surfaces 14 and 15 of the roll-off protection lie opposite each other at a distance and run parallel to each other or close an angle with each other.
- the handle 1 has in the area of Force rotation area 11 has an eight-area cross section on. Of the areas are only in Figure 1 the surfaces 33, 35 and 37 can be seen. The remaining Areas 39, 41, 43, 45 and 47 are shown in FIG. 2 partially visible.
- the cross section at point 25 exposes itself eight circular sections, each with two different ones Geometries together, the different Have radii of curvature, widths and arc lengths.
- the surfaces 35, 39, 43 and 47 face in the circumferential direction considered - a larger share of the total scope of the handle at point 25 than that Areas 33, 37, 41 and 45, one each arranged between the two larger circular sections is.
- the edge is the between two adjacent, different large sections of the circle is formed, only very small pronounced and essentially rounded, see above that overall a substantially circular Cross section results.
- the places of the handle 1, where the octagonal cross-section into one circular cross section or essentially spherical cross section are with the reference numeral 23 and 27 marked.
- the cross section of the handle 1 the point 23, which is between the fast turning range 9 and the power rotation region 11 is arranged, and the cross section at point 27, which is between the power rotation area 11 and that arranged at the handle end 5 Section 29 are in the figures 1 and 2 indicated by dashed lines.
- the eight-area cross section is as shown in FIG. 1 can be seen continuously in the direction of the handle beginning 3 in the circular cross section and in Direction of the handle end 5 in the spherical section Cross-section so that no disturbing Steps or edges in the grip area of the turning tool handle be formed.
- the fast turning range 9 and the power turning range 11 of the handle are also used as functional areas referred to that over a longitudinal region of the Extend handle.
- To a ratio of the length of the Fast turning range 9 to the length of the power turning range 11 must be able to specify these areas To be defined.
- the transition from the fast turning range to the power turning range on one Be provided at the circular Cross section merges into the octagonal cross section.
- Another definition of the transition from Fast turning range in the power turning range can due to the curved shape of the outer contour of the handle. Purely exemplary can be assumed here that the transition from the fast turning range to the power turning range is provided at the location of the handle at which the outer contour of the handle from a convex to goes over a concave line.
- the fast turning range 9 have a different material than that Power rotation range 11. It is also possible that the Fast turning range and the power turning range of the Handle are structured differently and / or have a different roughness.
- Figures 3 to 6 each show two side views and a sectional view of an embodiment a turning tool handle.
- the following based on 3 to 6 described turning tool handles are parts of turning tools of the invention Rotary tool system.
- the with each a - not shown - blade provided turning tool handles have different handle sizes on who is transferring one for each Handle size maximum transferable torque with constant torque with consistently high turning comfort enable.
- Figure 3 shows two side views of an embodiment of a handle 51 for a turning tool of the turning tool system and a sectional view of the handle 51 along the section line AA shown in the upper side view. Parts which correspond to those in Figures 1 and 2 are provided with the same reference numerals, so that reference can be made to the description of Figures 1 and 2.
- the handle 51 has a thumb rest 7 provided with a roll-off protection 13, a rapid rotation area 9 and a power rotation area 11.
- a first distance x 0 which indicates the longitudinal extent of section 29, is in a range from 3 mm to 7 mm and is in particular 5 mm.
- the distance x 0 is preferably the same for all handle sizes of the turning tool system.
- a further distance x 1 is indicated at the point 25 between the handle end 5 and the largest diameter D 51 of the handle 51.
- the distance x 1 is in a range from 34.5 mm to 38.5 mm, preferably from 35.5 mm to 37.5 mm and in particular 36.5 mm.
- At a distance x 2 from the handle end 5 there is preferably the area in which the eight-sided cross section of the handle 51 changes continuously into a circular cross section.
- the distance x 2 is in a range from 66 mm to 72 mm, preferably from 67.5 mm to 70.5 mm, in particular from 68 mm to 69 mm.
- the smallest diameter d 51 of the handle is provided at point 53 and is at a distance x 3 from the handle end 5, which is in a range from 83 mm to 92 mm, preferably from 85 mm to 90 mm, in particular from 87 mm to 88 mm lies.
- a distance x 4 from the handle end 5 there is the end of the thumb rest 7 facing the handle beginning 3 at the point 21.
- the distance x 4 is in a range from 110.5 mm to 121 mm, preferably from 112.5 mm to 118, 5 mm, in particular from 114.5 mm to 116.5 mm.
- the length L 51 of the handle 51 measured between the handle beginning 3 and the handle end 5 is in a range from 118.5 mm to 128.5 mm, preferably from 120.5 mm to 126.5 mm, in particular from 122.5 mm to 124.5 mm.
- the cross section of the handle 51 has an eight-surface design in the region of the force rotation region 11, as already described above. The eight-faced cross section continues in the direction of the rapid turning area 9 and merges seamlessly into a circular cross section in the area of the quick turning area 9.
- the diameter d 51 of the smallest cross section at the point 53 of the handle 51 is in a range from 18.5 mm to 22.5 mm, preferably from 19.5 mm to 21.5 mm and is in particular 20.5 mm.
- the largest diameter D 51 at point 25 is in a range from 38 mm to 43 mm, preferably from 39 mm to 42 and is in particular 41 mm.
- the distance x 5 between the smallest diameter d 51 and the largest diameter D 51 is in a range from 49 mm to 53 mm, preferably from 50 mm to 52 mm and is in particular 51 mm.
- the handle 51 has a diameter at the point 21 which is in a range from 26 mm to 32 mm and in particular is 29 mm.
- the extension 17 has a diameter of preferably 13 mm. The diameter of the extension is preferably the same for all handle sizes of the turning tool system.
- the lower side view of the handle 51 shown in FIG. 3 is rotated counter-clockwise about the axis 8 by an angular range that is smaller than 120 ° relative to the upper side view, in which the characteristic distances are shown.
- a further distance x 6 is indicated between the handle end 5 and a point on the handle 51 provided with the reference number 54.
- the curved outer contour of the handle - viewed from left to right - changes from a concave line shape to a convex line shape.
- the point 54 preferably represents the turning point.
- the distance x 6 is in a range from 58 mm to 64 mm, preferably from 60 mm to 62 mm.
- the largest cross section of the handle 51 at point 25 consists of eight circular sections 55, 57, 59, 61, 63, 65, 67 and 69 is put together.
- the section 29 here has a flattened spherical section shape.
- the circular sections 55, 59, 63 and 67 are of identical design and have a larger proportion of the total circumference of the handle 51 than the circular sections 57, 61, 65 and 69.
- the circular sections 55, 59, 63 and 67 have a radius of curvature R1 which is in a range from 30 mm to 36 mm and in particular is 33 mm.
- the larger circular sections 55, 59, 63 and 67 each extend over a circumferential area ⁇ of the cross section in the area of the largest diameter D 51 , which in this exemplary embodiment is approximately 58 °.
- the smaller circular sections 57, 61, 65 and 69 each extend over a circumferential region ⁇ of approximately 32 ° and have a radius of curvature R2 which is in the range from 17 mm to 24 mm and is in particular 20.5 mm.
- the circular sections 55, 59, 63 and 67 have a share in the total circumference of the handle 51 of 65%, which corresponds to a circumferential range of 233.2 °.
- Handle 51 used for relatively large blades of the turning tool system is due to its design and shaping that comes from a basic handle shape is modified, particularly advantageous for Transmission of high torques can be used.
- the average, maximum transferable with the handle 51 Torques are dependent, among other things on the condition of the grip surface. It has shown, that the torques that can be applied with the handle 51 average with a dry grip surface 8.74 Nm. With a wet one Handle surface can be an average maximum Torque of 5.97 Nm and with an oily Handle surface of 2.63 Nm can be transferred. deviations of the torques specified here are possible because every user of the turning tool provided with the handle 51 has different strengths. These torque specifications, as well as the following, are related to handles shown in Figures 4 to 6 Torque system specified torques should can only be understood as example values.
- Figure 4 shows two side views and one Sectional view of another handle 71 of the turning tool system, which is smaller in size as the handle 51 shown in Figure 3 parts, which correspond to those in FIGS. 1 to 3, are provided with the same reference numerals, so that in this respect to the description of Figures 1 can be referred to 3.
- the handle 71 will preferably for a turning tool respectively uses a blade with the maximum transferable Torque is less than the maximum transferable torque of the handle 51.
- the handle 71 has a roll-off protection 13 Thumb rest 7, a quick turn area 9 and one Power rotation range 11 on.
- handles 71 and 51 are essentially the same Outer contour on.
- the main differences consist in that the power rotation range 11 of the Handle 71 is not as pronounced as the power range 11 of the handle 51 and that in the smaller Handle 71 of the rapid turning area 9 more pronounced is than that of the handle 51.
- These different Forms result from the the specific requirements, namely Transfer of the for the respective handle size maximum transferable torque, the torque preferably the same size for all sizes should be.
- the one for the transmission of smaller torques serving handle 71 is therefore in the power rotation range not as spherical as the handle 51, that is, the handle 71 has smaller diameters especially in the power rotation range 11.
- the Type of shape of the rapid turning area 9 of the handle 71 enables a user to face the handle 51 a faster turn with a high Rotary comfort. A quick spin is made by one with a large handle turning tool not always required as the focus in this Often falls on power-driven turning for transmission higher or higher torques lies.
- the characteristic parameters or distances (x 0 to x 6 ) of the handle 71 correspond at least essentially to those of the handle 51.
- the distance x 0 between the point 27 and the handle end 5 is 5 mm here.
- the largest diameter D 71 of the handle 71 is arranged at a distance x 1 , which is in a range from 35 mm to 39 mm, preferably from 36 mm to 38 mm and in particular 37 mm, to the handle end 5.
- the distance x 2 between the handle end 5 and the transition from the eight-area cross section to the circular cross section is in a range from 71 mm to 77 mm, preferably from 73 mm to 75 mm and is in particular 74 mm.
- the distance x 3 between the smallest diameter d 71 of the handle 71 and the handle end 5 is in a range from 81 mm to 90 mm, preferably from 83 mm to 88 mm, in particular from 85 mm to 86 mm.
- the distance x 4 between the handle end 5 and the end of the thumb rest 7 is in a range from 105 mm to 115 mm, preferably from 107 mm to 113 mm, in particular from 109 mm to 111 mm.
- the total length L 71 of the handle 71 measured between the handle beginning 3 and the handle end 5 is in a range from 113 mm to 124 mm, preferably from 117 mm to 120 mm.
- the smallest diameter d 71 is in a range from 17 mm to 21 mm, preferably from 18 mm to 20 mm and is in particular 19.5 mm.
- the largest diameter D 71 is in a range from 32.5 mm to 38.5 mm, preferably from 34 mm to 37 mm, in particular from 35 mm to 36 mm.
- the distance x 5 between the cross section with the largest diameter D 71 and the cross section with the smallest diameter D 71 is in a range from 47 mm to 51 mm, preferably from 48 mm to 50 mm and is in particular 49 mm.
- the distance x 6 between the point 54 and the handle end 5 is specified, which is in a range from 60 mm to 66 mm, preferably from 62 mm to 64 mm and in particular is 63 mm.
- the diameter of the extension 17 is 13 mm in this embodiment.
- the diameter of the handle 71 at the point 21 is in a range from 25 mm to 31 mm and is in particular approximately 28 mm.
- Torques The maximum transferable with the handle 71 on average Torques are for a dry one Handle surface 8.04 Nm, for a wet handle surface 4.98 Nm and for an oily handle surface 2.76 Nm.
- FIG. 4 shows one Sectional view of the handle 71 along the in the top side view dash-dotted cut line A-A. It can be seen that the radius of curvature R1 the larger circle sections 55, 59, 63, 67 and the Radius of curvature R2 of the smaller circular sections 57, 61, 65, 69 are coordinated with one another in such a way that between two adjacent circular sections one edge is formed, the total is rounded. It also becomes clear that the outer surfaces of the respective circular sections in collide at an obtuse angle.
- the circular sections 57, 61, 65 and 69 extend respectively over an angular range ⁇ of the handle circumference at position 25 of approximately 33 °.
- the larger circular sections 55, 59, 63 and 67 extend over a peripheral area ⁇ of approximately 57 °.
- the circular sections 55, 59, 63 and 67 have a share here of the total circumference of the handle 71 of 63%, that corresponds to a circumferential area of 228.2 °.
- the Radius of curvature R1 of the larger circular sections is in this embodiment 26 mm and the Radius of curvature R2 of the smaller circular sections about 18 mm.
- FIG. 5 shows a sectional view and two side views of a further handle 73 of the turning tool system, which is smaller than the handles 51 and 71 and which is used to transmit smaller torques.
- Parts which correspond to those in Figures 1 to 4 are provided with the same reference numerals, so that reference can be made to the description of Figures 1 to 4.
- the force rotation range 11 of the handle 73 is not as pronounced as the force rotation range of the next larger handle 71.
- the rapid rotation range 9 of the handle 73 is more pronounced and pronounced than the quick rotation ranges of the handles 51 and 71.
- the total length L 73 of the handle 73 measured between the handle start 3 and the handle end 5 is in a range from 105 mm to 116 mm, preferably from 108 mm to 113 mm, in particular from 110 mm to 111 mm.
- the distance x 4 of the handle 73 is in a range from 98.5 mm to 108.5 mm, preferably from 100.5 mm to 106.5 mm, in particular from 102.5 mm to 104.5 mm.
- the distance x 3 between the smallest diameter d 73 and the handle end 5 is in a range from 76 mm to 85 mm, preferably from 78 mm to 83 mm, in particular from 80 mm to 81 mm.
- the distance x 2 between the point at which the eight-faced cross-section in the power-turning area merges into a circular cross-section located in the area of the quick-turning area 9 is in a range from 65 mm to 71 mm, preferably from 67 mm to 69 mm.
- the distance x 1 between the cross section having the largest diameter D 73 and the handle end 5 is in a range from 31 mm to 35 mm, preferably from 32 mm to 34 mm and is in particular 33 mm.
- the distance x 0 between the point 27 and the handle end 5 of the handle 73 is preferably 5 mm.
- the largest diameter D 73 of the handle 73 is in a range from 28 mm to 32 mm, preferably from 29 mm to 31 mm and is in particular 30 mm.
- the smallest diameter d 73 of the handle 73 is in a range from 14 mm to 18 mm, preferably from 15 mm to 16 mm and is in particular 16 mm.
- the distance x 5 between the largest diameter D 73 and the smallest diameter d 73 is in a range from 46 mm to 50 mm, preferably from 47 mm to 49 mm and is in particular 48 mm.
- the distance x 6 entered in FIG. 5, bottom side view, of the handle 73 between the turning point of the curved outer contour at the point 54 and the handle end 5 is in a range from 52 mm to 58 mm, preferably from 54 mm to 56 mm, and is especially 55 mm.
- the diameter of the handle 73 at the point 21 is in a range from 17.5 mm to 20.5 mm and is in particular approximately 20.5 mm.
- the average, maximum transferable torque, the one with a dry grip surface having handle 73 can be transferred is 5.65 Nm. This value is reduced at a wet grip surface to approximately 2.92 Nm and with an oily handle surface down to approx 1.83 Nm.
- the handle 73 in the power rotation area 11 an eight-area cross section having. Which spans a circumferential area ⁇ of approximately 56 ° circular segments 55, 59, 63 and 67 have in this embodiment each have a radius of curvature R1 of 25 mm on.
- the circular sections 55, 59, 63 and 67 point in this embodiment, a share of the total scope of the grip 73 of 61%, which one Corresponds to the circumferential range of 222.4 °.
- Figure 6 shows two side views and one Sectional view of a further embodiment of a Handle 75 for a turning tool of the turning tool system.
- the handle 75 is the smallest handle of the Turning tool system and is used for transmission small torques.
- the rapid turning range 9 of the Handle 75 is - compared to the larger handles 51, 71 and 73- particularly pronounced while whose force rotation range 11 is only slightly emphasized.
- the shape and size of the handle 75 is regarding designed for the intended area of application and for a quick, also as a twirl designated turning particularly suitable. It has shown that with a dry grip surface on average a maximum torque of 3.16 Nm can be transmitted. A wet grip surface leads to a reduction in the average maximum transferable torque up to to a value of 1.67 Nm and with an oily Handle surface up to a value of 1.17 Nm.
- the distance x 0 which indicates the longitudinal region of the section 29, is preferably 5 mm.
- the distance x 1 between the cross section with the largest diameter D 75 of the handle 75 and the handle end 5 is in a range from 27 mm to 31 mm, preferably from 28 mm to 30 mm and is in particular 29 mm.
- the distance x 2 based on the direction between the handle end 5 and the area in which the octagonal cross-section in the force-rotating area 11 of the handle 75 changes continuously into a circular cross-section in the quick-turning area 9, is in a range from 55 mm to 61 mm, preferably from 57 mm to 59 mm and is in particular 58 mm.
- the distance x 3 between the cross section with the smallest diameter d 75 and the handle end 5 is in a range from 73 mm to 81 mm, preferably from 75 mm to 79 mm and is in particular 77 mm.
- the handle end 5 is arranged at a distance x 4 from the end of the thumb rest 7 located at the point 21, which is in a range from 92 mm to 102 mm, preferably from 94 mm to 100 mm, in particular from 96 mm to 98 mm.
- the total length L 75 of the handle 75 is in a range from 99 mm to 109 mm, preferably from 102 mm to 106 mm, in particular from 103 mm to 105 mm.
- the distance x 5 between the cross section with the smallest diameter d 75 and that with the largest diameter D 75 of the handle 75 is in a range from 46.5 mm to 50.5 mm, preferably from 47.5 mm to 49.5 mm and is in particular 48.5 mm.
- the smallest diameter d 75 is in a range from 11 mm to 15 mm, preferably from 12 mm to 14 mm and is in particular 13 mm.
- the largest diameter D 75 of the handle 75 is in a range from 21 mm to 25 mm, preferably from 22 mm to 24 mm and is in particular 23 mm.
- the distance x6 between the point 54 and the handle end 5 is indicated.
- the distance x 6 is in a range from 44.5 mm to 50.5 mm, preferably from 46.5 mm to 48.5 mm and is in particular approximately 47.5 mm.
- the diameter of the handle 75 at the point 21 is in a range from 14 mm to 20 mm and is in particular approximately 17 mm.
- the right figure in FIG. 6 shows a sectional view of the handle 75 along the dash-dotted cut line BB shown in the upper side view.
- the circular sections 55, 59, 63 and 67 extend over a circumferential region ⁇ of the cross section with the largest diameter D 75 of approximately 51 ° and have a radius of curvature R1, which here is 16.5 mm.
- the proportion of the circular sections 55, 59, 63 and 67 in the total circumference of the handle 75 is approximately 56% here, which corresponds to a circumferential area of 204 °.
- the circular sections 57, 61, 65 and 69 have a radius of curvature R2 of 11.5 mm and extend over a circumferential region ⁇ of the cross section at point 25 of approximately 39 °.
- each of the handles 51, 71, 73 and 75 is individually designed in shape and size.
- the series character of the handles 51, 71, 73 and 75 is partly due to the fact that some of the characteristic parameters or distances are at least essentially the same for all handle sizes.
- the handles of the turning tool system have a consistently high turning comfort due to their ergonomically optimal design.
- Each of the handles 51, 71, 73 and 75 represents a non-proportionally scaled modification of a basic handle shape that enables the maximum torque that can be transmitted for the size of the basic handle shape to be transmitted with the greatest possible turning comfort.
- Each of the handles of the turning tool system thus has some of the characteristic parameters of the basic shape of the handle, which for an average hand size (standard hand) represents an optimal compromise between maximum torque to be applied and turning comfort. This results in the sometimes identical distances for the handles 51, 71, 73, 75, for example the distance x 5 between the smallest and the largest diameter of a handle, since with each handle, regardless of its size, the hand that grips it, is always the same.
- the handles 51, 71, 73 and 75 of the turning tool system have design parameters that are partly the same or differ from one another only in a small range.
- the total length L of the handles 51, 71, 73, 75 differs between the smallest handle 75 and the largest handle 51 of the turning tool system, preferably by a maximum of 13%.
- the difference between the length of the smallest and the largest handle is at least 40%.
- the distance x 4 between the end of the thumb rest 7 and the handle end 5 of the respective handle differs between the smallest and the largest handle size by a maximum of 19%.
- the distance x 4 within a known turning tool system deviates from one another by at least 40% for the different handle sizes.
- the handles 51, 71, 73, 75 of different sizes have a cross section with a smallest diameter d, which deviates from one another by a maximum of 13%.
- the maximum deviation generally exists between the smallest handle 75 and the largest handle 51.
- a particular correspondence between the handles 51, 71, 73, 75 can be found when comparing the respective distance x 5 between the smallest and largest diameter.
- the maximum difference at the distance x 5 is 6%.
- the handles 51, 71, 73 and 75 each have a cross section with the largest diameter D, which differ from one another by a maximum of 26%.
- the handles 51, 71, 73 and 75 have different length ratios with regard to their functional areas, in particular between the rapid turning area and the power turning area of the respective handle. If the length of the respective rapid rotation range of the handles 51, 71, 73 and 75 is defined purely by way of example as the difference between the distance x 4 and the distance x 2 , and the length of the respective power rotation range is preferably the difference between the distance x 2 and the Distance x 0 , the following preferred length ratios result: for the largest handle 51, the length ratio between the rapid turning range and the power turning range is preferably 1: 1.4, for the handle 71 preferably 1: 1.9, for the handle 73 preferably 1: 1.8 and for smallest handle 75 preferably 1: 1.4.
- the length ratios of the handles 51, 71, 73 and 75 preferably differ by at least 10% between two successive handle sizes.
- the ratio between the rapid turning range and the power turning range for the handle 73 is at least 10% larger than for the handle 75.
- the deviation of the length ratios for handles of turning tools from known turning tool systems within a system is a maximum of 5%.
- the length of the respective rapid rotation range of the handles 51, 71, 73 and 75 can, for example, also be the difference between the distance x 4 and the distance x 6 , and the length of the respective power rotation range of the handles 51, 71, 73 and 75 as the difference between the distance x 6 and the distance x 0 can be defined.
- the handle 51 has an aspect ratio between the rapid rotation range and the power rotation range of preferably 1: 1.0.
- the aspect ratio of the handle 71 is preferably 1: 1.2, that of the handle 73 is preferably 1: 1.0 and that of the handle 75 is preferably 1: 0.9.
- the length ratios between two successive handles, for example between handle 51 and handle 71 preferably differ by at least 18%.
- the turning tool system In the embodiment shown in Figures 3 to 6 of the turning tool system are overall four handle sizes are provided. It is also possible, that the turning tool system more than four Handle sizes or less than four handle sizes. Regardless of the number of handle sizes of the turning tool system are the handle 75 smallest version shown here respectively Handle size and the handle 51 the largest handle size shown here. Between the two handles 75 and 51 and beyond any number of other embodiments possible. It becomes clear that the turning tool system for example only from handles 51, 71, 73 or the handles 71, 73, 75 or the handles 51, 71, 75 can exist, each with one for the Provide the respective blade size provided are.
- An embodiment is particularly preferred of the turning tool system, which is characterized by that the turning tool system is a screwdriver system is.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Harvester Elements (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1
- eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform eines Drehwerkzeuggriffes des erfindungsgemäßen Drehwerkzeug-Systems;
- Figur 2
- eine Vorderansicht des Drehwerkzeuggriffes gemäß Figur 1 in vergrößertem Maßstab und
- Figuren 3 bis 6
- eine Schnittansicht und zwei Seitenansichten von insgesamt vier Drehwerkzeuggriffen des Drehwerkzeug-Systems, die verschiedene Größen aufweisen.
Claims (12)
- Drehwerkzeug-System, das mehrere jeweils einen Griff und eine Klinge aufweisende Drehwerkzeuge mit unterschiedlichen Griffgrößen umfaßt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Griffe (1;51,71,73,75) der Drehwerkzeuge mit unterschiedlichen Griffgrößen bei konstantem Drehkomfort die Übertragung des für die jeweilige Griffgröße maximal übertragbaren Drehmoments ermöglichen, daß der jeweilige Griff (1;51,71,73,75) der einzelnen Drehwerkzeuge eine nicht-proportional skalierte Abwandlung einer Griff-Grundform darstellt und daß die Griffe (1;51,71,73,75) der Drehwerkzeuge im wesentlichen die gleiche Länge (L) aufweisen.
- Drehwerkzeug-System nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Griff-Grundform eine am Griffanfang (3) angeordnete Daumenstütze (7), vorzugsweise mit Abrollschutz (13) aufweist, an die sich ein Schnelldrehbereich (9), ein Kraftdrehbereich (11) sowie das Griffende (5) anschließen.
- Drehwerkzeug-System nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Außenkontur der Griffe (1;51,71,73,75) -quer zur Längsachse (8) des Griffes betrachtet- einen kurvenförmigen Verlauf aufweist.
- Drehwerkzeug-System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Übergang zwischen Daumenstütze (7) und Schnelldrehbereich (9) und/oder der Übergang zwischen Schnelldrehbereich (9) und Kraftdrehbereich (11) stufenlos ist.
- Drehwerkzeug-System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Griffe (1;51,71,73,75) der Drehwerkzeuge einen, zumindest im wesentlichen, kreisförmigen Querschnitt aufweisen.
- Drehwerkzeug-System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die kleinsten Durchmesser, insbesondere der kleinste Durchmesser (d), des jeweiligen Griffes (1;51,71,73,75) im Schnelldrehbereich (9) angeordnet sind.
- Drehwerkzeug-System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die größten Durchmesser, insbesondere der größte Durchmesser (D), des jeweiligen Griffes (1;51,71,73,75) im Kraftdrehbereich (11) angeordnet sind.
- Drehwerkzeug-System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand (x5) zwischen dem größten Durchmesser (D) und dem kleinsten Durchmesser (d) eines Griffes (1;51,71,73,75) bei allen Griffen, zumindest im wesentlichen, gleich groß ist.
- Drehwerkzeug-System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand (x4) zwischen Griffende (5) und dem dem Griffanfang (3) zugewandten Ende der Daumenstütze (7) bei allen Griffen (1;51,71,73,75), zumindest im wesentlichen, gleich groß ist.
- Drehwerkzeug-System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand (x3) zwischen dem Griffende (5) und dem kleinsten Durchmesser (d) eines Griffes (1;51,71,73,75) bei allen Griffen, zumindest im wesentlichen, gleich groß ist.
- Drehwerkzeug-System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand (x1) zwischen dem Griffende (5) und dem größten Durchmesser (D) eines Griffes (1;51,71,73,75) bei allen Griffen, zumindest im wesentlichen, gleich groß ist.
- Drehwerkzeug-System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Griffe (1;51,71,73,75) im Kraftdrehbereich (11), zumindest teilweise, einen achtflächigen Querschnitt aufweisen.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19701406A DE19701406C2 (de) | 1997-01-17 | 1997-01-17 | Drehwerkzeug-System |
DE19701406 | 1997-01-17 | ||
DE19707954 | 1997-02-27 | ||
DE19707954A DE19707954C2 (de) | 1997-01-17 | 1997-02-27 | Drehwerkzeug |
PCT/EP1998/000258 WO1998031511A1 (de) | 1997-01-17 | 1998-01-19 | Drehwerkzeug-system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0952902A1 EP0952902A1 (de) | 1999-11-03 |
EP0952902B1 true EP0952902B1 (de) | 2002-01-02 |
Family
ID=26033155
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98904095A Expired - Lifetime EP0952902B1 (de) | 1997-01-17 | 1998-01-19 | Drehwerkzeug-system |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0952902B1 (de) |
WO (2) | WO1998031510A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19902882C2 (de) * | 1999-01-25 | 2002-06-20 | Holland Letz Felo Werkzeug | Handgriffe für Arbeitsgeräte und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
US20050080934A1 (en) | 2003-09-30 | 2005-04-14 | Cota-Robles Erik C. | Invalidating translation lookaside buffer entries in a virtual machine (VM) system |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3525163A1 (de) * | 1985-07-13 | 1987-01-22 | Werner Hermann Wera Werke | Werkzeugheft, insbesondere fuer schraubendreher |
ES2048248T3 (es) * | 1988-09-10 | 1994-03-16 | Werner Hermann Wera Werke | Atornillador de precision. |
DE3926916A1 (de) * | 1989-08-16 | 1991-02-21 | Wuerth Adolf Gmbh & Co Kg | Antriebswerkzeug fuer steckschluesseleinsaetze |
DE9102500U1 (de) * | 1991-03-02 | 1991-05-23 | Gebra Gmbh & Co. Gebr. Raderschad Kg, 5202 Hennef, De | |
DE29510821U1 (de) * | 1995-07-04 | 1995-09-14 | Betz Kg Heinrich | Werkzeugheft |
DE29517276U1 (de) * | 1995-11-02 | 1996-11-28 | Holland Letz Felo Werkzeug | Werkzeughandgriff, insbesondere für Schraubendreher, Feilen, Stechbeitel und ähnliche Werkzeuge |
-
1998
- 1998-01-19 WO PCT/EP1998/000257 patent/WO1998031510A1/de active Application Filing
- 1998-01-19 EP EP98904095A patent/EP0952902B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-19 WO PCT/EP1998/000258 patent/WO1998031511A1/de active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1998031511A1 (de) | 1998-07-23 |
EP0952902A1 (de) | 1999-11-03 |
WO1998031510A1 (de) | 1998-07-23 |
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