EP0952848A2 - Composition anti-allergenique - Google Patents

Composition anti-allergenique

Info

Publication number
EP0952848A2
EP0952848A2 EP97954930A EP97954930A EP0952848A2 EP 0952848 A2 EP0952848 A2 EP 0952848A2 EP 97954930 A EP97954930 A EP 97954930A EP 97954930 A EP97954930 A EP 97954930A EP 0952848 A2 EP0952848 A2 EP 0952848A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antigen
composition
composition according
group
antibody
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97954930A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hilmar Lemke
Uta Opitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from EP96120822A external-priority patent/EP0853946A1/fr
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP97954930A priority Critical patent/EP0952848A2/fr
Publication of EP0952848A2 publication Critical patent/EP0952848A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K39/35—Allergens
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K39/0005—Vertebrate antigens
    • A61K39/0008—Antigens related to auto-immune diseases; Preparations to induce self-tolerance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
    • C07K16/40—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against enzymes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
    • C07K16/44—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material not provided for elsewhere, e.g. haptens, metals, DNA, RNA, amino acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K2039/60—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characteristics by the carrier linked to the antigen
    • A61K2039/6012—Haptens, e.g. di- or trinitrophenyl (DNP, TNP)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K2039/60—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characteristics by the carrier linked to the antigen
    • A61K2039/6031—Proteins
    • A61K2039/6056—Antibodies
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K2039/62—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the link between antigen and carrier
    • A61K2039/622—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the link between antigen and carrier non-covalent binding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to antigen-antibody complexes which are used in the prophylaxis and therapy of immune diseases.
  • the antigens are haptenized and the antibodies are directed against the corresponding haptens
  • the immune system normally differentiates between the body's own components and foreign material and provides suitable mechanisms to react adequately to unwanted foreign material
  • Immune diseases in the sense of the invention are understood to mean those immune reactions which lead to undesirable consequences which are disadvantageous for the patient.This can either be problems in distinguishing between the body's own (self) and foreign material (foreign) . These immune reactions are often referred to as autoimmune diseases Possibility is that foreign is recognized, but for the well-being of the patient, the immune reaction against this foreign must be specifically suppressed or reduced. In the case of a rejection reaction against transplanted organs or cells, this is the case Immune response to strangers must be reduced or suppressed
  • Antigens play the central role in immune diseases in the sense of the invention. Antigens trigger specific changes in state in the organism, which is a prerequisite for the development of pathogenic immune phenomena. Such changes in state can be based on the presence of antibodies (AK) or activated T cells
  • AK antibodies
  • AK antibodies
  • T cells activated T cells
  • MG Myastenia gravis
  • SLE systemic lupus erythematosus
  • MG is a neuromuscular disease. It is believed that IgG antibodies to the acetylcholine receptor are generated so that the binding of acetylcholine to its receptor is blocked and neuromuscular transmission is disturbed, which results in extreme muscle weakness.
  • MG patients are treated with anticholinesterase drugs, thymectomy, immunosuppressants and plasmapheresis.
  • Thymectomy as the most radical of these treatment options, is the only one that is causally effective, but, like all of the treatments listed, shows considerable potential risks and side effects.
  • SLE patients show a multisystemic disorder characterized by various autoantibodies that cause immunopathological tissue injuries.
  • the pathogenic antibodies are directed against native dsDNA and extractable nuclear antigens (ENA).
  • SLE is treated conventionally with steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents. These treatments have significant side effects.
  • Tissue transplants from one person to another generally lead to major immunological problems. The same can be expected for xenotransplantations from transgenic animals.
  • the rejection reactions are influenced by the presensitization and by the immunological differences between donor and recipient (ideally identical twins). Immediate hyperacute rejection occurs if there are Ab against the donor tissue in the recipient (e.g. with ABO intolerance, previous transfusion, pregnancy). Acute rejection occurs after about 5 days, chronic Rejection leads to a gradual decrease in the functionality of the donated tissue.
  • Allergens play a central role in allergic diseases. Allergens are antigens that trigger allergic diseases (e.g. proteins). They can be divided into different classes according to the type of penetration and effectiveness (inhalation allergens, ingestion allergens, contact allergens, injection allergens, infection allergens). Allergies are classified into immediate type (type I to III) and delayed type (type IV).
  • type I allergies there are reactions between cellular antibody (IgE) and allergen with the release of mediators from basophilic granulocytes or mast cells. Other cells are also included secondarily. Resulting clinical pictures include Bronchial asthma, rhinitis pollinosa, allergic conjunctivitis, anaphylactic shock, urticaria, allergic reactions (e.g. to insect bites, food), endogenous eczema.
  • type V which is an immune reaction against biologically active determinants. These reactions are of considerable clinical relevance, ranging from physiological regulation (anti-idiotype Ak) to pathogenic reactions. Cell receptors or acellular, biologically active structures (enzymes, intrinsic factor, etc.) can act as antigen. These Ak can have a stimulating or inhibiting effect.
  • immunosuppressive substances In addition to the administration of immunosuppressive substances, desensitization or hyposensitization is currently considered a therapy concept against allergic diseases. In addition to undesirable side effects, immunosuppression of the immunosuppressive substances also increases the patient's tolerance of these substances, which means that constantly increasing drug applications are necessary.
  • the allergen is administered in a gradually increasing dose, with the aim of eliminating or preventing existing sensitization.
  • Desensitization is of practical importance in the treatment of atopic diseases.
  • type IV allergies their value is discussed. It is widely used for immediate-type allergies. The chances of success vary between 50% and 90%.
  • the patients are treated frequently and possible side effects range from local reactions to provocation of episodes of the underlying disease to general anaphylactic reactions.
  • haptenized antigen hAntigen
  • hAk hapten-specific antibodies
  • the antibodies can be polyclonal or monoclonal.
  • the hAk can come from a non-human source (e.g. mouse) but are then preferably humanized Ak.
  • human antibodies e.g. from human cell lines or transgenic sources
  • those hAks are preferred which prevent a reaction against allergen, while the allergen alone triggers an anaphylactic reaction (with the mediator IgE).
  • These are antibodies of the IgG class, particularly preferably the mouse IgG1, IgG2a and IgG2b subclass. In analogy, the same applies to the corresponding human IgG subclasses.
  • the improvement in the immune response can be carried out either with the hAk-hAntigen complex or by separate administration of hAk and hAntigen.
  • Desensitization addresses both the administration of several different hAk's against the same hapten together with a haptenized antigen, as well as the administration of a single hAk's with hAntigen. Controlling this new type of immune reaction is also of commercial interest, since a large number of antigens (allergens) only require an hAk that can be produced on an industrial scale.
  • the coupling of the different antigens with a hapten can be carried out in a known manner.
  • EP 287 361 and EP 508 993 describe pharmaceutical compositions which contain antigen-antibody complexes. Both documents describe antigen-antibody complexes without haptenization.
  • the concept of these inventions is to use the patient's individual antibodies against the corresponding antigen in order to achieve that the corresponding immune response is suppressed by administration of the resulting antibody / antigen complexes. A complex production and / or purification of specific antibodies against this antigen is necessary for each antigen.
  • the present invention uses a commercially interesting approach in which a variety of different antigens can be detected with one or a few antibodies against one or a few haptens.
  • the antigens are haptenized in a conventional manner.
  • the most common allergens are commercially available in purified form or can be prepared in a conventional manner by purification or biotechnologically. The same thing also applies to the other antigens in the sense of the invention.
  • the haptenization takes place with a few (maximum 5 different) haptens, preferably with a maximum of 2, particularly preferably with one.
  • the molar ratio between hapten and antigen is greater than 1, preferably greater than 3 and depends on the number of antigenic areas on the respective antigen. In general, all antigenic areas are haptenized in order to rule out an antigenic reaction by unhaptenized areas.
  • a reasonable upper limit for the molar ratio of hapten to antigen for commercial reasons is ⁇ 1000, preferably ⁇ 100, particularly preferably ⁇ 20, very particularly preferably ⁇ 5. With relatively small antigens, ratios of approximately 1 can also be advantageous.
  • the antibody is added for complex formation at least so much that no hapten on the allergen is otherwise immunologically accessible. This is the case in the absence of mutual steric disability of the aks, in the case of an equimolar ratio. To cover all accessible haptens quantitatively, a 3-fold excess is preferred. For commercial considerations, a 100-fold excess is the upper limit, an excess below 20-fold is preferred.
  • Another embodiment of the invention relates to the administration of haptenized carrier which induces the production of hAks in vivo. Subsequent administration of haptenized antigens leads to the formation of the hAk hAntigen complex in vivo. A subsequent reduction in the adverse immune response is then required.
  • the carrier can itself be an allergen, another antigen or a neutral carrier.
  • Antigen-antibody complexes are formed in vivo as part of the immune response. Immune complexes are also used to study immune regulation. For example, immunization with immune complexes only induces a greatly reduced primary response, but the secondary response is still either normal (SafFold JW et al. J. Immunol. 107: 1213-1225 (1971); Tite JP et al. Immunology 34: 1097-1107 ( 1978) or even intensified (Taylor et al. Nature 281: 488-490 (1979)).
  • Antigen which triggers the reaction is determined by appropriate, known tests.
  • the antigen is coupled with a hapten.
  • Antihapten antibodies are produced according to known techniques or, if known, identified. hAntigen and hAk are used in the treatment as a complex or separately.
  • haptens are:
  • the specific diseases for the treatment of immune diseases in the sense of the present invention are: allergenic diseases, in particular those in which an anaphylactic reaction is mediated by IgE.
  • Autoimmune diseases are: (a) juvenile diabetes, (b) myasthenia gravis, (c) multiple sclerosis, (d) goodpasture syndrome, (e) thyroiditis, (f) celiac disease, (g) vasculitis, (h) systemic lupus erythematosus or (i) uveitis, and the antigen is a corresponding antigen selected from the group consisting of: (a) Langerhans island beta cell, insulin and / or insulin receptor, (b) acetylcholine receptor, (c) basic myelin protein, (d) Type IV collagen, (e) thyroglobulin, (f) gliadin, (g) PMN cytoplasm and / or alkaline phosphatase, (h) double-stranded DNA and / or E
  • (j) Biermer anemia, (k) hyperthyroiditis, (1) rheumatoid arthritis or (m) thyroiditis are the corresponding antigens: (j) gastric parietal cells, (k) mitochondria, (1) collagen type II and (m) LATS.
  • the antigen is selected from the group consisting of antigens that cause graft rejection, these antigens may be selected from the group consisting of ABO and MHC class 1 and 2 antigens.
  • antigen-antibody complexes described here can also be used as additional therapy to support conventional forms of therapy.
  • antibody fragments such as F (ab ') 2 can also be used.
  • compositions of the invention can contain various pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliaries and carriers.
  • the amount of antigen used in one or more doses, alone or in a complex, is between 1 ng and 100 ⁇ g.
  • compositions can be formulated in various ways, depending on the form of application. These can be e.g. sterile injection form, a "slow-release" implant, local forms of application for nasal, bronchial, lactimal or gastrointestinal application.
  • Injection formulations can be in liquid or lyophilized form for intradermal, subcutaneous, in or iv use.
  • the injection frequency can vary from daily to yearly. At best, a single dose is sufficient. However, the dose can also be increased after repeated administration (e.g. doubling).
  • CBA mice are used as the model system for Examples 1 to 4 and phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2 ) as the model antigen.
  • mice were immunized either (a) with PLA 2 alone (0.1 ⁇ g adsorbed on 2 mg Al (OH) 3 - as in all other groups; group 1), (b) with PLA 2 plus one monoclonal IgG2b-anti-PLA 2 antibodies (molar ratio 1:10; group 2), (c) with PLA 2 with a monoclonal IgGl -anti-PL A 2 (molar ratio 1:10; group 3), (d) complexed with PLA 2 with a mixture of the IgGl and IgG2b antibodies
  • Antibody complexes suppressed the IgE anti-PLA 2 immune response. The strongest suppression was achieved with IgG2b-anti-PLA 2 antibodies (group 2 and group 5).
  • Example 2 Example 2:
  • mice were primarily either with PLA 2 alone (0.1 ⁇ g adsorbed on 2 mg Al (OH) 3 ) (group 1) or with the same dose of PLA, which was treated with the monoclonal IgG2b-anti-PLA antibody (molar Ratio 1:10) was complexed (group 2), immunized.
  • group 1 the monoclonal IgG2b-anti-PLA antibody (molar Ratio 1:10) was complexed
  • the animals of both groups were then immunized twice at 4 week intervals with the IgE-inducing dose of 0.1 ⁇ g PLA 2 ip. Two weeks after the third immunization, the IgE anti-PLA 2 titer was determined in the animal serum. The mean values ⁇ standard deviation of 5 animals per test group are given.
  • mice CBA / J mice were immunized 5 times at two-week intervals with the IgE-inducing dose of 0.1 ⁇ g PLA 2 (adsorbed on 2 mg Al (OH) 3 - also in the other two groups).
  • Group 1 animals were treated once more with 0.1 ⁇ g PLA 2
  • optical density had been inhibited by a dilution of the sera of 1:20 by almost 60%.
  • mice were immunized 6 times at 2-week intervals with the IgE-inducing dose of 0.1 ⁇ g PLA 2 and then divided into groups such that the mean values of the IgE-anti-PLA 2 titers in the groups were about the same height.
  • the animals of the individual groups were then treated with PLA 2 to which the hapten was attached
  • Fluorescein isothiocyanate was bound in a coupling density FITC: PLA as 1: 1:
  • Group 2 with the minimum dose of 0.1 ⁇ g FITC-PLA 2
  • Group 3 with the high dose of 10 ⁇ g FITC-PLA 2 ,
  • Group 4 with a FITC-PLA 2 dose of 0.1 ⁇ g, complexed with an IgGl-anti-FITC antibody
  • Group 5 with a FITC-PLA 2 dose of 0.1 ⁇ g, complexed with an IgG2b-anti FITC antibody.
  • the molar ratio of antigen to antibody was 1: 5.
  • the FITC-PLA 2 was adsorbed ip injected onto 2 mg Al (OH) 3 .
  • the amount of IgE-anti-PLA 2 antibodies in the sera was measured at a serum dilution of 1:50 and compared with a standard in the form of a culture supernatant of a monoclonal IgE-anti-PLA, which was set equal to 100%.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Rheumatology (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)

Abstract

Complexes anticorps-antigènes utilisés pour la prophylaxie et le traitement de maladies des complexes immuns. Les antigènes sont hapténisés et les anticorps sont dirigés contre l'haptène correspondant.
EP97954930A 1996-12-23 1997-12-19 Composition anti-allergenique Withdrawn EP0952848A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97954930A EP0952848A2 (fr) 1996-12-23 1997-12-19 Composition anti-allergenique

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96120822A EP0853946A1 (fr) 1996-12-23 1996-12-23 Composition anti-allergénique
EP96120822 1996-12-23
EP97115435 1997-09-06
EP97115435 1997-09-06
EP97954930A EP0952848A2 (fr) 1996-12-23 1997-12-19 Composition anti-allergenique
PCT/EP1997/007169 WO1998027999A2 (fr) 1996-12-23 1997-12-19 Composition anti-allergenique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0952848A2 true EP0952848A2 (fr) 1999-11-03

Family

ID=26142410

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97954930A Withdrawn EP0952848A2 (fr) 1996-12-23 1997-12-19 Composition anti-allergenique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0952848A2 (fr)
AU (1) AU6090598A (fr)
DE (1) DE19781463D2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998027999A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU1951201A (en) * 1999-12-06 2001-06-12 Mount Sinai School Of Medicine Of The City University Of New York, The Peptide antigens
AU2002318045A1 (en) * 2002-07-01 2004-01-19 Ramon Suarez Mendoza Method of transforming autoimmune-disease-causing hapten-antigens (hapigens) of an organism into complete antigens
CA2596355C (fr) * 2005-01-31 2015-01-06 Ception Therapeutics, Inc. Inhibiteurs du facteur de necrose tumorale

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4415552A (en) * 1979-02-06 1983-11-15 The Governors Of The University Of Alberta Composition for establishing immunological tolerance
CA1336818C (fr) * 1987-04-16 1995-08-29 International Institute Of Cellular And Molecular Pathology Traitement contre l'allergie et composition utilisee
US5283058A (en) * 1990-08-30 1994-02-01 The General Hospital Corporation Methods for inhibiting rejection of transplanted tissue

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9827999A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6090598A (en) 1998-07-17
WO1998027999A2 (fr) 1998-07-02
DE19781463D2 (de) 2000-03-16
WO1998027999A3 (fr) 1998-10-29

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