EP0949004B1 - Appareil broyeur balayé par un courant d'air comportant un rotor à impact rotatif en particulier déchiqueteur à couronnes à trancher - Google Patents

Appareil broyeur balayé par un courant d'air comportant un rotor à impact rotatif en particulier déchiqueteur à couronnes à trancher Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0949004B1
EP0949004B1 EP19990104171 EP99104171A EP0949004B1 EP 0949004 B1 EP0949004 B1 EP 0949004B1 EP 19990104171 EP19990104171 EP 19990104171 EP 99104171 A EP99104171 A EP 99104171A EP 0949004 B1 EP0949004 B1 EP 0949004B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
size reduction
gas
flow type
machine
reduction machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19990104171
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0949004A3 (fr
EP0949004A2 (fr
Inventor
Wilhelm Pallmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pallmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
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Pallmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19848233A external-priority patent/DE19848233A1/de
Application filed by Pallmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Pallmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0949004A2 publication Critical patent/EP0949004A2/fr
Publication of EP0949004A3 publication Critical patent/EP0949004A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0949004B1 publication Critical patent/EP0949004B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/288—Ventilating, or influencing air circulation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
    • B02C13/06—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B02C13/08—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and acting as a fan
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/286—Feeding or discharge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas-flow crushing machine rotating impact wheel system according to the preamble of claim 1 as well as a method for optimizing such comminution machines in accordance with the preamble of claim 15.
  • waste wood contains one depending on the previous purpose comparatively high proportion of impurities. This is often the case with timber adhering concrete residues and sand, but otherwise also nails and screws. From DE 43 16 350 an effective way is known to such Remove contaminants from the feed.
  • Shredding device a feed device in the form of an air classifier upstream. The pre-cleaned via a magnetic drum and screen surface Feed material is guided through a visual passage, in the proportionate heavy particles are separated out. The cross flow airflow that the Sighting at the same time serves as a supporting force, which is the feed material through a wide channel into the shredding room of the shredding machine promoted.
  • Shredding machines equipped in this way achieve a high level Degree of foreign matter separation and provide good chip quality, provided the feed is sufficiently homogeneous in size and Density.
  • the fixed inlet chute goes on her machine-side end in a rotating hollow truncated cone, in the Inside is also a rotating distribution device.
  • the Distribution device consists essentially of three in depth Shredding room staggered and separated by partitions Sector sectors together, which have radially opposite recesses in the Shell surface of the truncated cone are assigned. Through the cutouts in the surface of the feed is certain areas of the Shredding tools fed.
  • the invention is based on the object to indicate gas-flow-through shredder, in which the feed takes place in a pneumatic manner and a uniform application of the Shredding tools take place over their entire length.
  • Another object of the invention is a method for optimizing position and dimension of the baffle surfaces according to the invention.
  • the feed material is dependent on the eccentricity of the Trajectories on which the feed material enters the shredding machine, deflected radially on baffles of different depths.
  • a radial material path can be assigned to each axial trajectory, which leads to a certain section of the drum-shaped shredding path leads.
  • Parameters such as Position and / or dimension of the baffles Actuation of the shredding tools can be controlled along their length.
  • the invention has proven to be Shredding machines as particularly advantageous.
  • Shredding machines Through the targeted, even distribution of the feed material over the entire depth of the Crushing room allows the invention to be large To design shredding machines with a deep shredding space. at The same throughput is therefore sufficient for a few large machines, which means that the costs for foundations, electrical connections and conveyors to reduce.
  • the invention has rotating Impact surfaces in the case of a rotating knife ring are advantageously driven independently of this. This will make it Feed material on the impact surfaces is not only deflected by 90 °, but is also deflected by the Baffles accelerated simultaneously in the radial direction.
  • baffles as rotationally symmetrical bodies, e.g. as Circle, circular ring or hollow truncated cone, prevents excessive wear on the baffles because the impact surface of the baffles in this way is minimized, and promotes orderly flow conditions within the Milling chamber.
  • baffles While with baffles with a closed surface, the axially inflowing Feed material crosses the trajectories of the redirected feed material and thus it too Collisions can occur which are within the orderly flow conditions the crushing room will be affected after a particular advantageous embodiment of the invention a crossing-free management of Feed material enabled.
  • the baffles Thereafter, the baffles have a central one Opening ring shape.
  • the ring surface of these baffles can also be inclined, so that this creates a hollow truncated cone. In this way, one finds Adaptation of the invention to racket wheels instead, in which the racket wheel seat in the shredding room is enough.
  • This embodiment also has the advantage that the feed material does not hit the impact surface at a right angle and is redirected to reduce wear in the radial direction.
  • the inlet opening can be adjusted in width using baffles be divided into several segments, preferably the axial material webs correspond.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show a comminution machine according to the invention in Form of a chip remover 1, with the entire conveyor and Separating device is shown.
  • the conveyor and separator includes first a vibrating trough 2, which is for volumetric and gravimetric Distribution of the material flow during the conveying ensures.
  • the feed material is guided over a magnetic drum 3, from where it gets into a chute 4 with cascade-shaped internals.
  • the lower part of the chute 4 has a viewing passage 5.
  • One at the front of the Fall chute 4 arranged cross-flow fan 6 generates the required airflow, which is at the same time the feed via an air and Material inflow channel 7 and finally axially through the inlet opening 8 in the Central area of the comminution space 9 of the wood chip remover 1 blows.
  • the wood chip chipper 1 has an approximately drum-shaped housing 10, the front of which is a central circular Has opening 11 through a pivotable housing cover 12th is lockable. On the outside of the housing cover 12 and with it The chute 4 described above with integrated wind sifting can be pivoted attached.
  • the beater wheel 13 Inside the wood chip chipper 1 is a beater wheel 13 about an axis 14 freely rotatable.
  • the beater wheel 13 includes a horizontal, through the rear wall of the housing 10 extending and arranged in the bearings 15 Drive shaft 16. Its end lying outside the housing 10 carries one Multi-pulley 17, the V-belt with a not shown Electric motor is connected.
  • On the end of the crushing chamber 9 Drive shaft 16 is a hollow cylindrical seat 18 attached to which one for Axis 14 coaxially arranged support plate 19 is attached.
  • the carrier disk 19 is one Washer 20 opposite, with its inner circumference while maintaining a small gap on an upstand on the inside of the housing cover 12 followed. Uniformly over the outer circumference of the carrier disk 19 and Washer 20 distributed connect axially arranged striking plate carrier 21 striking plates 22 fastened thereon to the carrier disk 19 with the annular disk 20 and thus give the stick wheel 13 its rigidity.
  • the beater wheel 13 is at a distance from an annular gap from one relative to it rotating knife ring 23 concentrically surrounded.
  • the knife ring 23 becomes similar the beater wheel 13 of two spaced-apart ring disks 24 and 25 formed, the wreath-shaped arranged around the circumference Bear knife carrier 26, on which in turn the actual cutting tools are attached in the form of knives 27 (Fig. 2).
  • the baffle plate 28 has one circular shape and is concentrically connected to the drive shaft 16, being located directly opposite the inlet opening 8 and the center thereof Partial area covers.
  • the baffle plate 29 also has a circular shape, with her Diameter is larger than the diameter of the baffle plate 28 the baffle plate 29 with its outer circumference on the axial projection of the Baffle plate 28 also.
  • baffle plate 29 a further baffle plate 30 closest to the carrier plate 19 in the form of a circular ring on the outer lateral surface of one through the seat 18, the support plate 19 and a sloping plate 31 formed truncated cone arranged.
  • the baffle plate 30 is also with its outer circumference axial projection of the baffle plate 29 also. As the farthest inside the Crushing chamber 9 lying baffle serves the support plate 19 itself with their projecting beyond the axial projection of the baffle plate 30 up to the Striking plate carrier 21 area.
  • ring surfaces of the individual projecting beyond the axial projection Baffle plates 28, 29, 30 and the support plate 19 serving as a baffle plate are shown in Fig. 2 and recognizable by the letters A, B, C and D. made.
  • These ring surfaces are the inlet opening 8 in a staggered arrangement centrally opposite, the width of the inlet opening 8 approximately that Corresponds to the outer diameter of the ring surface D. In this way they define Ring surfaces A, B, C and D, as shown in FIG. 3, axial material webs A, B, C and D on which the feed material has been blown by the Inlet opening 8 to the baffle plates 28, 29, 30 and the baffle plate serving carrier disc 19 arrives.
  • the measure of the horizontal eccentricity of the trajectory of the feed from the Axis 14 determines which of the impact surfaces A to D it hits and thus how deep it gets inside the comminution chamber 9 before it reaches one of the radial ones Material webs A 'to D' is deflected.
  • Fig. 3 the path symbolized by arrows is represented by individual pieces of wood of the feed material through the wood chip chipper 1.
  • a piece of wood on the axial material web A reaches the axis due to the low eccentricity 14 on the baffle surface A closest to the inlet opening 8 Baffle plate 28.
  • There the piece of wood is 90 ° onto the radial grinding path A ' deflected, there being a due to the rotation of the baffle plate 28 Experiencing acceleration.
  • On material web A 'it is finally through with air flow generated the beater wheel fed to the shredding tools.
  • a piece of wood on the axial material web B flies because of its larger size Eccentricity past the baffle plate 28 on the deeper inside of the Crushing space 9 arranged baffle B of the baffle 29 it must cross the radial material web A ', which may lead to collisions of different pieces of wood.
  • the piece of wood is on the baffle plate 29 deflected into the radial material web B '.
  • the probability that Pieces of wood with an axial direction of movement on pieces of wood with a radial Direction of movement meet with increasing eccentricity of the pieces of wood increases.
  • the deflection device in the center of the comminution space 9 of several circular discs staggered in depth, whose Diameter increases the further inside the comminution space 9 are arranged.
  • the deflection device is made of annular disks formed, the coaxial to the axis 14 with its outer circumference to the Striking plate carriers 21 are attached and have a central circular opening have, the inner diameter with increasing depth of the arrangement in Shredding room 9 decreases.
  • the ring surface is also the Baffle plates inclined relative to the conveying direction, so that in this case the Deflection device essentially from the one behind the other, in Conveying direction expanding hollow truncated cones 32 and 33.
  • Attachment of the hollow truncated cones 32 and 33 are on the inner side of the Striking plate carrier 21 arranged the washers 38 and 39, on the inside
  • the hollow truncated cones 32 and 33 are connected to their outer circumference are.
  • Another concentric hollow truncated cone 34 is through the seat 18, the Carrier disc 19 and the inclined plate 31 are formed.
  • the inlet opening 8 centrally opposite are those shown in FIG. 5 Baffles A, B and C arranged.
  • the baffle A is through the front End of the drive shaft 16 and the seat 18 formed by the central Openings of the hollow truncated cones 32 and 33 free for the feed material is accessible.
  • the impact surface B results from the difference in the diameter of the central openings of the truncated cone 32 and 33. Since the truncated cone 32 has a central opening with a larger diameter than that Hollow truncated cone 33, the hollow truncated cone 33 stands with part of it Shell surface, which represents the baffle surface, on the radial projection of the Hollow truncated cone 32 also.
  • the baffle C is finally from the part of the Hollow truncated cone 32 is formed, which directly faces the inlet opening 8.
  • a piece of wood on the axial material web A arrives 1 to 3 described embodiment to the deepest in Crushing space 9 arranged baffle A and is in the radial direction in deflected the inclined channel 35, through which it eventually leads to the Shredding tools arrives.
  • a piece of wood on the axial material web B strikes the oblique baffle B formed by the hollow truncated cone 33, which it leads to the inclined channel 36 and with great eccentricity hits a piece of wood that on the axial web of material C enters the comminution chamber 9, onto which Baffle C of the truncated cone 32 and through the inclined channel 37 on the Shredding tools.
  • the advantage of this embodiment lies in the crossing-free guidance of the Feed material through the comminution space 9, whereby collisions of individual Wooden parts can be avoided and thus a constant distribution of the Feed material is achieved over the length of the shredding tools.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Broyeur balayé par un courant d'air et équipé d'un système à percuteur rotatif, en particulier un déchiqueteur à corbeille de couteaux, dans laquelle le produit alimenté est amené pneumatiquement en direction axiale au centre du percuteur (13) et alimenté en direction radiale sur les outils de broyage (22, 27) qui sont placés en cercle autour du percuteur, machine caractérisée en ce que pour assurer une distribution uniforme du produit alimenté sur toute la longueur des outils de broyage (22, 27) au moins deux surfaces d'impact (A, B, C, D) sont prévues, lesquelles sont diposées dans la chambre de broyage (9) de telle sorte qu'elles soient échelonnées axialement et que la surface d'impact consécutive dans le sens de l'alimentation du produit dépasse la surface précédente dans la projection axiale.
  2. Broyeur balayé par un courant d'air selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces d'impact (A, B, C, D) sont disposées concentriquement.
  3. Broyeur balayé par un courant d'air selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces d'impact (A, B, C, D) sont logées de telle sorte qu'elles puissent tourner librement et sont reliées à un système d'entrainement.
  4. Broyeur balayé par un courant d'air selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une des surfaces d'impact (A) a une forme circulaire.
  5. Broyeur balayé par un courant d'air selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre des surfaces d'impact (A) correspond à 1/10 à 1/3 du diamètre du percuteur (13).
  6. Broyeur balayé par un courant d'air selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une des surfaces d'impact (A) a une forme annulaire.
  7. Broyeur balayé par un courant d'air selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre intérieur de la surface d'impact consécutive annulaire dans le sens de l'alimentation est inférieur au diamètre intérieur de la surface d'impact annulaire précédente.
  8. Broyeur balayé par un courant d'air selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces d'impact de forme annulaire sont disposées sur un manchon conique creux disposé coaxialement par rapport au percuteur.
  9. Broyeur balayé par un courant d'air selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces d'impact (A, B, C, D) sont conçues á la façon d'un manchon conique creux.
  10. Broyeur balayé par un courant d'air selon la revendication 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces d'impact sont logées de telle sorte qu'elles peuvent être déplacées axialement pour permettre une modification de l'écart entre elles.
  11. Broyeur balayé par un courant d'air selon la revendication 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces d'impact sont equidistantes.
  12. Broyeur balayé par un courant d'air selon la revendication 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture d'entrée (8) est de forme rectangulaire.
  13. Broyeur balayé par un courant d'air selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que la largeur de l'ouverture d'entrée (8) correspond en gros au diamètre intérieur du percuteur (13).
  14. Broyeur balayé par un courant d'air selon la revendication 12 ou 13, caractérisé en ce que la hauteur de l'ouverture (8) d'entrée correspond en gros à 1/5 à 1/2 de sa largeur.
  15. Procédé permettant d'optimiser la taille et la position des surfaces d'impact (A, B, C, D) d'un broyeur balayé par un courant d'air selon la revendication 1, en partant d'un réglage de base, caractérisé par les étapes de procédé suivantes:
    a) avant la mise en service, détermination de l'état d'usure des outils de broyage (27) à des endroits précis;
    b) mise en service de la machine (1) pour un temps donné;
    c) détermination de l'état d'usure des outils de broyage (27) aux endroits précis déterminés sous a);
    d) variation du diamètre et/ou de l'écart entre les surfaces d'impact (A, B, C, D) si l'état d'usure des outils de broyage (27) n'est pas constant au niveau des endroits précis spécifiés sous a);
    e) répétition des étapes a) à d) jusqu'á ce que l'usure des outils de broyage au niveau des endroits précis spécifiés sous a) est constante.
EP19990104171 1998-04-08 1999-03-02 Appareil broyeur balayé par un courant d'air comportant un rotor à impact rotatif en particulier déchiqueteur à couronnes à trancher Expired - Lifetime EP0949004B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19815818 1998-04-08
DE19815818 1998-04-08
DE19848233 1998-10-20
DE19848233A DE19848233A1 (de) 1998-04-08 1998-10-20 Gasdurchströmte Zerkleinerungsmaschine mit einem rotierenden Schlagradsystem, insbesondere Messerkranzzerspaner

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0949004A2 EP0949004A2 (fr) 1999-10-13
EP0949004A3 EP0949004A3 (fr) 1999-12-29
EP0949004B1 true EP0949004B1 (fr) 2002-05-15

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ID=26045366

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19990104171 Expired - Lifetime EP0949004B1 (fr) 1998-04-08 1999-03-02 Appareil broyeur balayé par un courant d'air comportant un rotor à impact rotatif en particulier déchiqueteur à couronnes à trancher

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EP (1) EP0949004B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2594336A1 (fr) * 2011-11-21 2013-05-22 Helmut Schirmbrand Procédé et dispositif de broyage de matières minérales et matière minérale

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2437202A1 (de) 1974-08-02 1976-02-12 Pallmann Kg Maschf Zufuehrvorrichtung
DE2601384C2 (de) 1976-01-15 1984-03-08 Pallmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co KG, 6660 Zweibrücken Zuführeinrichtung
DE3317144C1 (de) * 1983-05-11 1984-10-18 Pallmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co KG, 6660 Zweibrücken Zuführeinrichtung für Zerkleinerungsmaschinen
DE4101352C1 (fr) * 1991-01-18 1992-01-02 Pallmann Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co Kg, 6660 Zweibruecken, De
DE4316350C1 (de) 1993-05-15 1994-11-17 Pallmann Kg Maschf Einspeiseapparat f}r gasdurchstr¦mte Zerkleinerungsmaschinen

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Publication number Publication date
EP0949004A3 (fr) 1999-12-29
EP0949004A2 (fr) 1999-10-13

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