EP0946907A1 - Verfahren zum betreiben eines elektrografischen druckers oder kopierers mit mindestens zwei entwicklereinheiten - Google Patents
Verfahren zum betreiben eines elektrografischen druckers oder kopierers mit mindestens zwei entwicklereinheitenInfo
- Publication number
- EP0946907A1 EP0946907A1 EP97951856A EP97951856A EP0946907A1 EP 0946907 A1 EP0946907 A1 EP 0946907A1 EP 97951856 A EP97951856 A EP 97951856A EP 97951856 A EP97951856 A EP 97951856A EP 0946907 A1 EP0946907 A1 EP 0946907A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- toner particles
- toner
- force field
- image carrier
- developer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
- G03G15/08—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
- G03G15/0806—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer on a donor element, e.g. belt, roller
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/01—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for producing multicoloured copies
- G03G15/0105—Details of unit
- G03G15/0126—Details of unit using a solid developer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G2215/00—Apparatus for electrophotographic processes
- G03G2215/01—Apparatus for electrophotographic processes for producing multicoloured copies
- G03G2215/0167—Apparatus for electrophotographic processes for producing multicoloured copies single electrographic recording member
- G03G2215/017—Apparatus for electrophotographic processes for producing multicoloured copies single electrographic recording member single rotation of recording member to produce multicoloured copy
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating an electrographic printer or copier, in which toner particles of different colors are applied to a toner image carrier by at least two developer units.
- one of the two developer units must optionally be switched to a transfer state in which toner particles can be applied to the toner image carrier.
- the other developer unit or the other developer units must be in an idle state in which no toner particles are applied to the toner image carrier. It must therefore be ensured that a developer unit only applies toner particles to the charge image if the charge image is to be developed with toner particles from this developer unit. This requires that the developer units with toner particles of an unnecessary color are at rest when the charge image is moved past them.
- the toner image carrier is e.g. a photoconductor from which the toner image is transferred directly or indirectly to a final image carrier, e.g. Paper being transferred.
- a known solution provides that the developer units are pivoted away from the toner image carrier in the idle state in order to prevent the transfer of toner particles of the wrong color.
- a disadvantage of this process is that the development ler units must be pivoted relatively far to switch from the transmission state to the idle state. Accordingly, the developer units must be pivoted back to the toner image carrier from a relatively large distance when switching from the idle state to the transfer state. The switchover cannot therefore be carried out as quickly as desired.
- the motorized pivoting of the developer units is only possible with a large number of additional mechanical components that are subject to high wear. Often, in addition to pivoting, other measures must be taken, such as turning off or turning on rotating components in the developer unit to prevent dusting of the toner. This dust would lead to undesired background formation on the toner image carrier and to dirtying of the printer. Switching the rotating components on and off further extends the time for switching.
- the above problems occur among others in electrographic, magnetographic and ionographic printers or copiers, which are combined under the term electrographic printer.
- the toner used is a one-component or multi-component toner. Solid toners or liquid toners are used.
- the invention is based on the knowledge that moving mechanical components must be avoided in order to achieve a short on or off time for the development capacity of the developer units. If all mechanical components of the developer unit and also the developer unit itself remain in the same position, an intervention in the transport path of the toner particles must take place.
- a force field is applied to at least a portion of the transport path of the toner particles from a toner container to the toner image carrier, which causes the toner particles to be transported in the direction of the toner image carrier.
- the transport of the toner particles at the section is interrupted by changing the force field.
- the section can be selected to be small, the effort required to act on the section is also low in the invention.
- no mechanical components have to be set in motion to act on the section, since the force field can be changed via the energy supply.
- the developer unit does not discharge toner particles at rest because the toner particles are retained at the portion. Undesired background formation on the toner particle image is avoided.
- the force field is changed by reversing the polarity or by switching off the electrical supply voltage to build up the force field.
- Reversing the polarity as well as switching off are technical measures that are easy to implement.
- the polarity reversal has the effect that the force field even counteracts the transport of the toner particles in the direction of the charge image carrier at the section. As a result, the section can be further reduced compared to simply switching off.
- the toner particle transport is interrupted at the end of the transport path from the toner container to the toner image carrier. This measure ensures that when the force field changes, toner particles are immediately released from the developer unit or are no longer released.
- the changeover time is not extended by the fact that there are still toner particles between the section and the toner image carrier, which are still released from the developer unit even after the force field has been changed, or that toner particles are only released from the developer unit after switching to the transfer state after a dead time which is determined by the transport time of the toner particles from the section to the toner image carrier.
- the force field in the development gap is not always possible or expedient.
- the force field to interrupt or enable the toner particle transport at another point in the transport path of the toner particles. If the variable force field acts in the area of the toner container, the affected section lies at the beginning of the transport path of the toner particles from the toner container to the toner image carrier. In the idle state, the transport of toner particles along the transport path does not even begin, so that devices for transport can also be switched to an idle state.
- the force field acts in the region of the transport device which transports the toner to be applied after removal from the toner container.
- the section for influencing the development capacity of the developer unit is in this case on a central part of the transport route. Influencing a force field on the toner image carrier or a force field for removing the toner particles from the toner container is avoided, the switchover time between the switchover time when the section is located at the beginning of the transport path and the switchover time when the section is located at the end of the transport path.
- the transport route can also be interrupted at several points.
- the invention relates to an electrographic printer or copier, which is used in particular to carry out the method according to the invention.
- the above-mentioned technical effects also occur with the printer or copier.
- Fig. 4 shows the processes when changing the force field in a transmission gap
- Fig. 5 shows the processes when changing the force field in a development gap.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows the structure of a developer unit 10, on which a photoconductor belt 12 is guided in the direction of an arrow 14.
- a latent charge image in the surface area facing the developer unit 10, in which the charges are distributed according to the image information of the image to be printed.
- the transport device for the photoconductor belt 12 was not drawn in Fig. 1 to simplify the illustration.
- the developer unit 10 contains a container 16 in which a toner-air mixture 18 is located.
- a toner-air mixture 18 In the mixture 18, toner and air are mixed approximately in a ratio of 1:10, as a result of which the mixture 18 behaves like a liquid.
- An interface 20 between the mixture 18 and the air contained in the developer unit 10 is relatively smooth.
- An ultrasonic sensor 22 above the surface 20 detects a fill level H of the mixture 18.
- the mixture 18 is produced from solid toner particles with an average size of approximately 10 ⁇ m, which are supplied to the toner-air mixture 18 in defined quantities by a toner metering device 24.
- a supply of toner particles 26 is located between inclined sidewalls 28 of the alumina sier owned 24, so that the toner particles are fed to a metering wheel 30 funnel-shaped.
- the metering wheel 30 has cutouts along its circumference, into which the same quantities of toner particles are received. By rotating the metering wheel 30, toner particles are fed from the inside of the toner metering device 24 to the toner-air mixture 18 as soon as the ultrasonic sensor 22 registers a decrease in the interface 20 below a predetermined target height.
- An air-permeable plate 32 made of a porous polyethylene material is arranged in the bottom area of the developer unit 10, through which air flows over a large area from a chamber 34 located under the plate 32 into the toner-air mixture 18. Air is constantly supplied to chamber 34 through an air supply connection 36.
- corona wires 38 and 40 which have a voltage of approximately -8 kV and negatively charge the toner particles of the mixture 18 in their surroundings.
- the corona wires 38 and 40 run across the entire developer unit in a length that corresponds approximately to the extent of the photoconductor belt 12 transversely to its transport direction 14.
- a transfer roller 42 is arranged above the corona wires 38 and 40 and above the interface 20, the axis 44 of which runs parallel to the corona wires 38 and 40.
- a conductive surface layer 46 has a potential of approximately -0.9 kV so that the negative toner particles generated over the entire length of the corona wires 38 and 40 due to the action of the electric field between the corona wires 38, 40 and the transfer roller 42 be deposited on the surface layer 46.
- the transfer roller 42 rotates in the direction of an arrow 48, the deposited toner particles are transported in the direction of an opening 50 of the developer unit 10 for the discharge of toner particles.
- the transport path of the charged toner particles runs through the section shown in FIG Developer unit 10 along the outer radius of transfer roller 42 from point A to point B.
- the toner particles are transferred under the action of a further electric field to a conductive surface layer 52 of a developer roller 54 which rotates in the direction of an arrow 56.
- the further electric field lies between the surface layer 46 and the surface layer 52 charged to a potential of approximately -0.5 kV.
- the axis 58 of the developer roller 54 is arranged essentially parallel to the axis 44.
- the toner particles are transported after the transfer at point B through the developer roller 54 along the outer radius of the developer roller 54 to a point C in the opening 50.
- Scattered toner particles that have not been transferred from the transfer roller 42 to the developer roller 54 are removed from the surface layer 46 with the aid of a scraper 60 before the respective area of the surface layer 46 is covered again with new charged toner particles.
- the stripper 60 extends over the entire length of the transfer roller 42 and is held by a stripper holder 62.
- the latent charge image of the photoconductor tape 12 is developed in that toner particles from the surface layer 52 accumulate in charged areas of the photoconductor tape 12.
- Toner particles remaining on the developer roller 54 are removed from the surface layer 52 by a further scraper 64 before new toner particles are applied again by the transfer roller 42.
- the scraper 64 runs over the entire length of the developer roller 54 and is held by a further scraper holder 66, which at the same time also serves as a guiding device for those detaching from the developer roller 54 Is toner particles.
- the toner particles removed by wipers 60 and 64 fall back into mixture 18.
- a toner supply device 68 supplies toner to the developer unit, which replaces the toner particles consumed during development.
- the developer units 100 and 102 are constructed like the developer unit 10, so that identical components are not explained again. These components retain their reference numerals and are identified by one superscript in the case of the developer unit 100 and by two superscript characters in the case of the developer unit 102.
- the toner particles in the toner-air mixture 18 ' have the color black, so that the developer unit 100 can develop a latent charge image on the photoconductor 12 only with black toner particles.
- the toner particles in the toner-air mixture 18 ′′ have the color blue, so that the developer unit 102 develops the latent charge image on the photoconductor belt 12 with toner particles of the color blue in the transfer state.
- the developer unit 100 is in the transfer state, while the developer unit 102 is in an idle state in which no blue toner particles are applied to the photoconductor belt 12
- Charge images which are developed either by the developer unit 100 or by the developer unit 102, are successively applied to the photoconductor belt 12.
- the toner images are then transferred from the photoconductor belt 12 to a final image carrier, for example made of paper, using a transfer device (not shown), the printed images being printed next to one another on an end image carrier or on different end image carriers.
- the toner images can also be printed one above the other on a final image carrier.
- the end image carrier is passed several times past the transfer device or an intermediate carrier is used, on which the printed images are “collected” until they are finally transferred from the intermediate carrier to the end image carrier in a further transfer process.
- the developer unit 100 is switched from the transfer state to the idle state by a controller, not shown, and the developer unit 102 is also switched from the idle state to the transfer state by the controller.
- the latent charge image on the photoconductor belt 12 is transported past the developer unit 100, no black toner particles are applied.
- the latent charge image passes undeveloped to the developer unit 102, through which the blue toner particles are then applied.
- the developer unit 102 is in the idle state in FIG. 2 because an electric force field between the corona wires 38 ′′, 40 ′′ and the surface layer 46 ′′ of the transfer roller 42 ′′ has been switched off, so that no toner particles are released can be removed from the toner-air mixture 18 ′′.
- the transfer roller 42 "and the developer roller 52" of the Developer unit 102 also rotate in the idle state in order to avoid setting a target speed if the developer unit 102 is switched back to the transmission state. Setting the target speed requires a longer setting time, which unnecessarily delays switching.
- FIG. 3 shows processes at the three force fields within the developer unit 100. Part a of FIG. 3 shows the developer unit 100 already explained in a schematic representation.
- the first force field I acts between the corona wires 38 ', 40' and the surface layer 46 'of the transfer roller 42' in the area of the point A '.
- the second electrical force field II acts between the surface layer 46 'and the surface layer 52' of the developer roller 54 'in the region of the point B'.
- the third force field III acts in the area of a development gap 110 between the surface layer 52 ′ and the photoconductor band 12.
- the first force field I applies toner particles from the toner-air mixture 18 to the surface layer 46 '.
- Part b of Fig. 3 shows an enlarged view of the force field II in the transmission state.
- an electrical forms in a ⁇ m transmission gap 112 Field whose field lines extend from the surface layer 52 'to the surface layer 46'.
- force field lines 114 are shown in part b of FIG. 3 in the transfer gap 112 instead of the field lines, which force lines in the transfer gap on negatively charged toner particles 116 are illustrated. Due to the negative charge of the toner particles 116, the force lines 114 run counter to the field lines from the surface layer 46 'to the surface layer 52'.
- the toner particles 116 are transferred from the transfer roller 42 'to the developer roller 54' by the force field II. Since both rollers 42 'and 54' rotate synchronously with each other in the direction of arrows 48 'and 56', the layer thickness of the toner particles 116 present on the transfer roller 42 'is retained when the toner particles 116 are transferred to the developer roller 54'.
- Part c of FIG. 3 shows an enlarged representation of the force field III in the development gap 110.
- the latent charge image, the regions 120 with a charging potential of -0.9 kV and regions are located on the photoconductor belt 12
- the 122 has a potential which is lower than the charging potential.
- the lowering was carried out by exposing the photo conductor strip 12 in the areas 122 in a previous exposure step.
- the lowered potential has a numerical value of approximately 0 V.
- the force field III consequently causes the toner particles 116 to jump from the surface layer 52 ′ onto the photoconductor belt 12 and to adhere to the regions 122.
- An electrical field is formed between the regions 120 with the charging potential and the surface layer 52 ′, the field lines of which extend from the surface layer 52 ′ in the direction of the photoconductor band 12.
- the force field lines 123 of the force field III run in the development gap 110 from the regions 120 in the direction of the surface layer 52 '.
- toner particles 116 are not transferred to the photoconductor belt 12, but are pressed away from the latter onto the surface layer 52 ′.
- Photoconductor belt 12 and developer roller 54 ' move synchronously with one another, so that blurring of the toner image 124 applied to the latent charge image is avoided.
- the transport path of the toner particles in the area of the force field I is interrupted by reducing the amount of the potential of the corona wires 38 'and 40' to the value of 0 V, the toner particles which are currently between the points A ', B' and C are transported further.
- the force field I is switched on by increasing the amount of the potential of the corona wires 38 'and 40' to -0.8 kV, the toner particles first have to cover the transport route from A 'via point B' to point C '.
- the switching time for switching the development capacity of the developer unit 100 is therefore essentially determined by the transport time of the toner particles from point A 'to point C'.
- Fig. 4 shows the effect of a change in the force field II when this is changed in a further embodiment when switching between the transmission state and the idle state.
- the potentials on the surface layers 46 'and 52' are exchanged by a controller.
- the surface layer 46 ' has a potential of -0.5 kV and the surface layer 52' has a potential of -0.9 kV.
- the field lines of the electric field not shown, now run from the surface layer 46 'in the direction of the surface layer 52', so that the force lines 114 with respect to the negatively charged toner particles 116 in the opposite direction from the surface layer 52 'to the surface layer 46'. run.
- the toner particles 116 are not transferred from the transfer roller 42 'to the developer roller 54' by the force field II, but on the contrary are also transferred an additional force is pressed against the surface layer 46 'of the transfer roller 42'.
- the switching time when using the force field II to switch between the transfer state and the idle state is essentially determined by the transport time which the toner particles need between the points A ', B' and C; see. Part a of FIG. 3. This is due to the fact that in the idle state a toner particle carpet is formed on the transfer roller 42 ', the thickness of which deviates considerably from the required thickness in the transfer state.
- the surface layers 46 'and 52' have different potentials in the idle state. If the surface layer 52 'has a potential of -0.9 kV at rest and the surface layer 46' has a potential of 0 V, the potential difference in the transfer nip is even greater, which increases the certainty that no toner particles 116 are removed from the transfer roller 42 'get onto the developer roller 54'. In this case, however, a toner particle carpet of the toner particles 116 forms on the transfer roller 52 ', the thickness of which in the idle state considerably exceeds the thickness in the transfer state.
- the switching time for switching the development capacity is extended and is determined by the transport time from point A 'via point B' to point A '; see. Part a of Fig. 3rd
- the surface layer 52 ' has a potential of -0.3 kV and the surface layer 46' has a potential of 0 V in the idle state.
- FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the invention in which the force field III is changed when switching between the transmission state and the idle state.
- the surface layer 52 ' has a potential of 0V. This ensures that the force lines of the force field III for both the regions 120 and also for the regions 122 are directed from the photoconductor band 12 in the direction of the surface layer 52 '. Deposition of toner particles 116 on the photoconductor belt 12 is prevented.
- the switching time when switching between the idle state and the transmission state or from the transmission state to the idle state is very short.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)
- Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19652866 | 1996-12-18 | ||
DE1965286 | 1996-12-18 | ||
PCT/DE1997/002954 WO1998027472A1 (de) | 1996-12-18 | 1997-12-17 | Verfahren zum betreiben eines elektrografischen druckers oder kopierers mit mindestens zwei entwicklereinheiten |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0946907A1 true EP0946907A1 (de) | 1999-10-06 |
EP0946907B1 EP0946907B1 (de) | 2002-02-20 |
Family
ID=7815261
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97951856A Expired - Lifetime EP0946907B1 (de) | 1996-12-18 | 1997-12-17 | Verfahren zum betreiben eines elektrografischen druckers oder kopierers mit mindestens zwei entwicklereinheiten |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6181902B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0946907B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59706460D1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998027472A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6721528B1 (en) | 1999-08-10 | 2004-04-13 | OCé PRINTING SYSTEMS GMBH | Method and controlling means for regulating the position of a band-shaped image carrier in an electrographic apparatus |
DE19940037B4 (de) * | 1999-08-24 | 2006-10-05 | OCé PRINTING SYSTEMS GMBH | Elektrografische Druckeinrichtung mit zusätzlichem Farbdruckwerk sowie Verfahren hierzu |
WO2002077194A2 (en) * | 2001-03-26 | 2002-10-03 | Linden Technologies, Inc. | Polymer synthesis |
US20020136772A1 (en) * | 2001-03-26 | 2002-09-26 | Tai-Nang Huang | Polymer synthesis |
DE10213499B4 (de) * | 2002-03-26 | 2005-02-03 | OCé PRINTING SYSTEMS GMBH | Vorrichtung zum Transport von Toner bei einer elektrofotografischen Druck- oder Kopiereinrichtung |
DE102004057856A1 (de) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-06-01 | OCé PRINTING SYSTEMS GMBH | Verfahren, Vorrichtung und Computerprogramm zum Erzeugen eines Entwicklergemisches in einer elektrografischen Entwicklerstation |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6249376A (ja) * | 1985-08-29 | 1987-03-04 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 色選択可能な単色複写機の現像装置 |
US4777106A (en) | 1987-02-24 | 1988-10-11 | Dennison Manufacturing Company | Electrostatic toning |
GB2244350B (en) | 1990-04-27 | 1994-08-10 | Ricoh Kk | Image forming method and apparatus for the same |
US5270782A (en) | 1991-12-23 | 1993-12-14 | Xerox Corporation | Single-component development system with intermediate donor member |
US5666599A (en) * | 1994-04-06 | 1997-09-09 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Color electro-photographic printing apparatus |
US5491538A (en) | 1994-07-05 | 1996-02-13 | Xerox Corporation | Development apparatus having an adjustable width development nip |
JP3197438B2 (ja) | 1994-11-04 | 2001-08-13 | シャープ株式会社 | カラー画像形成装置 |
US5630200A (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1997-05-13 | Moore Business Forms, Inc. | Multi-roller electrostatic toning system application to tri-level imaging process |
-
1997
- 1997-12-17 EP EP97951856A patent/EP0946907B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-17 DE DE59706460T patent/DE59706460D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-12-17 WO PCT/DE1997/002954 patent/WO1998027472A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1997-12-17 US US09/331,093 patent/US6181902B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9827472A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1998027472A1 (de) | 1998-06-25 |
EP0946907B1 (de) | 2002-02-20 |
US6181902B1 (en) | 2001-01-30 |
DE59706460D1 (de) | 2002-03-28 |
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