Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
  • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
  • E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
  • E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
  • E05F15/632—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for horizontally-sliding wings
  • E05F15/643—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for horizontally-sliding wings operated by flexible elongated pulling elements, e.g. belts, chains or cables
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
  • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
  • E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
  • E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
  • E05F15/632—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for horizontally-sliding wings
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
  • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
  • E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
  • E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
  • E05F15/632—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for horizontally-sliding wings
  • E05F15/635—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for horizontally-sliding wings operated by push-pull mechanisms, e.g. flexible or rigid rack-and-pinion arrangements
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
  • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
  • E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefor
  • E05Y2201/622—Suspension or transmission members elements
  • E05Y2201/674—Friction wheels
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
  • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a door drive according to the preamble of claim 1.
• Such door drives are used indoors or outdoors to openly move one or more door leaves in response to an approaching person.
• a motion detector detects the person, and control electronics suitably activate a feed motor, which usually initiates the sliding operation of the door leaf for opening via a toothed belt.
• the object is achieved by the door drive with the features of claim 1.
• the feed element which works according to the nut principle, advantageously enables simple, effective and safe driving of the door leaf relative to the fixed (ie stationary) support without a large amount of gear and thus maintenance and servicing, and on the other hand enables control by the operating state control unit in response to an actually detected movement or position of the wearer, a situation-specific, quick and precise control of the operation, even if - for example due to a manual intervention in an emergency - the door leaf has been moved by hand and thus requires repositioning.
• this position detection creates a basis for the fact that - depending on the current position of the door leaf - an appropriate control or operating mode for the electric motor can be controlled:
• the torque may be not too large to prevent the drive nut from slipping, which is harmful to the material, in the middle area between the open and closed position of the door leaf can be driven at maximum feed speed, and shortly before the other end position, a corresponding reduction in the electric motor torque could react again in response to the position detection respectively.
• control modes are controlled in response to the first electrical signal (i.e., movement and / or relative position).
• the operating state control unit particularly preferably has a device for detecting a shaft rotation speed.
• a longitudinal profile designed in accordance with the invention has been particularly suitable in order to hold the shaft, vibration-decoupled in three orthogonal directions, on the one hand, and to offer a guide for support rollers of the feed element on the other.
• vibration decoupling is particularly preferably achieved in that the bearing pieces or the hose coupling are made of rubber-elastic material, it has proven to be particularly advantageous in practice to guide the feed element with three mutually angularly offset support rollers in corresponding guide grooves of the longitudinal profile for the sliding movement.
• the longitudinal profile further preferably has a receptacle for at least some of the control electronics required for the motor control or detection tasks. Since the longitudinal profile particularly preferably realized as aluminum Strangg cordprofil and each end closed by a suitable cap construction is advantageous not only optimal shielding of electronics is sufficient ER, also offer appropriate, in the profile of a ⁇ shaped paragraphs Auflager- or cooling surfaces for any components used in power electronics. It is furthermore preferred to divide the operating state control unit in such a way that the control functions specifically relating to the door drive - namely the motor control on the one hand and additional control functions such as slip detection or safety functions on the other hand - are arranged locally in the stationary carrier with the respective circuit components, so that the wiring effort is minimized and in particular possible line faults can largely be excluded.
• the power supply which more preferably has a battery backup for peak currents to avoid oversizing, would be particularly suitable in a central control module.
• the position transmitter further preferably having magnetized areas, absolutely or relatively coded, which are picked up by an associated magnetic detector element and converted into relative areas or absolute position signals can be implemented.
• FIG. 1 a front view of the door drive according to a first preferred embodiment (best mode) of the invention with the front panel removed;
• FIG. 6 a side view of a clamp used as a motor holder in the embodiment according to FIG. 1;
• FIG. 7 shows a sectional view along the line VII-VII in FIG. 1;
• Fig. 9 is a development of the view according to Figure 7 with additional, ⁇ front-side plastic cover; 10: a top view of the base plate of the drive nut used according to a preferred embodiment with two cuts;
• Fig. 11 is a sectional view taken along the line XI-XI in Fig. 10;
• Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken along the line XII-XII in Fig. 10;
• FIG. 13 shows a side view of the drive nut base plate according to FIG. 10;
• FIG. 14 a view of the drive nut base plate according to FIG. 10 axially rotated by 90 °; FIG.
• 16 shows a block diagram of an alternative embodiment with a door control for a double-leaf door.
• the door drive according to the invention - in addition to the control electronics shown separately in FIGS. 15 and 16 and the necessary connection wiring - generally consists of a guide profile 10, which extends horizontally along the upper edge of a door opening, in which a Door leaf carrier 12 with a door leaf attached to it (not shown in the figures) is guided horizontally displaceably in the horizontal direction by the drive action of a motor 14, shown schematically in the guide profile 10.
• the carrier 12 runs by means of a pair of rollers 16 onto a support or support section 18 of the guide profile 10 (which can be seen better in FIGS. 7 and 8), the support section 18 being arched outward in cross section in the manner shown, to collect dirt or the like. to prevent under the rolling area of a respective roller 16 - which is correspondingly curved inward in cross section.
• the roller 16 In its upper area opposite the support section 18, the roller 16, as shown in FIG. 7, is prevented by a web portion 20 of the guide profile 10 which engages in the concave curvature of the roller cross-section from emerging from the running area defined in this way in the profile 10; rather, a predetermined cutout in the web section 20 of the guide profile, not shown in the figures, is provided for removing the door leaf carrier 12 with the rollers 16 rotatably held thereon in bearings 22.
• the door leaf support 12 is connected via a fastening clamp 24 to a flange section 26 of a sliding carriage 28, which, driven by a motor 14 i.w. axially connected drive shaft 30 is provided movable in the axial direction of the shaft 30 in the guide profile 10.
• the drive shaft 30 is connected to an output shaft 38 of the motor 14 via a first shaft extension 30, a coupling element 34 made of a plastic hose and a second shaft extension 36, so that each revolution of the motor 14 causes a corresponding movement of the drive shaft 30, which has a generally smooth outer surface made of steel.
• the coupling element 34 serves both to absorb vibrations occurring in operation - especially in the case of heavy door leaves - in the axial direction of the drive shaft 30 or the motor, and to effect a smooth, jerk-free torque transmission to the shaft 30.
• the shaft 30 is also held in its end regions - near the coupling 34 or the outer end of the guide profile 10 - in shaft bearings 40, which additionally and advantageously vibrations in the vertical direction (ie vertical direction in FIG. 1) as well as in horizontal direction (ie perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 1). In this way, a complete oscillating decoupling of the drive shaft 30 is then achieved through the interaction of the elements 40 and 34.
• a bearing housing or outer bearing part 42 is bush or trough-shaped with i.w. square cross-section molded from silicone material, the bearing housing 42 having an opening 46 for the drive shaft 33 in a bottom surface 44. Longitudinal grooves 48 are also formed in the corners of the bearing housing 42 for receiving the inner bearing piece 50 to be described below with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
• the inner bearing piece 50 is also made as a molded part made of silicone, has the cross section shown in FIG. 4 and has four of an i.w. ring-shaped bearing body 52, diametrically outwardly extending lugs 54 which are provided for engaging in a respective longitudinal groove 48 of the bearing housing 42.
• FIG. 6 shows a pair of clamps 56, which - as shown in FIG. 6 - are of semi-circular design, engage with a lower retaining tooth 58 in an associated groove 60 of the profile 10 (cf. FIG. 8) and one have an upper holding section 62 which, in the assembled state, engages behind a front, downward end section 64 of the guide profile 10.
• the motor 14 is then firmly clamped in an upper region of the profile 10 by a pair of such holding clamps, pressure screws (not shown) additionally being able to be screwed into the associated threaded bores 66 of the end section 64 from the outside, in addition to the holding section 62 of an inserted clamp 56 from the outside to bias against the engine 14.
• a guide section 68 of the slide 28 which will be explained in more detail below, holds three outwardly directed angles of 120 ° to one another -forming support rollers 70, which are designed for rolling in correspondingly provided, in the profile circular guide grooves 72 of an upper guide space 74 of the guide profile 10. More precisely, the support rollers 74 are rotatably mounted in correspondingly adapted pockets of the guide section 68, so that the guide section 68 (or the associated runner 28) is movably guided at three points in the guide profile 10; Then there are the already described rollers 16 of the door leaf carrier 12 seated on the barrel chute, which roll on the support section 18.
• the profile in the lower left area below the guide space 74 forms a receiving space 76 which is designed and dimensioned for inserting and holding an assembled printed circuit board 78 for part of the control electronics 80: the printed circuit board 78 is in opposing grooves 82 of walls of the guide space 74 - in the longitudinal direction of the guide profile - can be pushed in, and a profile shoulder 84 provides a contact surface for the cooling plate 86 of an electronic component 88, which in this way obtains a considerably enlarged cooling surface.
• the grooves 82 in the Au receiving space 76 are arranged so that a foot space 90 is formed on the opposite side of the circuit board 78 in which protruding connecting legs or the like. can protrude freely and without wall contacting of the profile 10.
• the door leaf carrier 12 shown in FIGS. 7 and 9 has a horizontal profile section 92 from which the door leaf (not shown) extends downwards in the assembled state.
• the profile section 92 offers on its upper side facing the underside of the guide profile 10 an insert 94 into which a suitable position transmitter - for example a perforated plate provided with regular or irregular openings - can be inserted and received. Position information from this position transmitter would then be able to be picked up in a suitable manner by an electronic sensor element which - on the printed circuit board 78 - would have to be mounted opposite this position transmitter in the insert 94 and by means of a correspondingly provided opening (not shown) in the intermediate, bottom wall of the guide profile 10 can immediately perform a position detection.
• a suitable position transmitter for example a perforated plate provided with regular or irregular openings -
• the sensor arranged on the printed circuit board 78 is an optical detection element, which generates optical information from a coded surface of the position strip in the insert 94, or it could be, for example, a magnetic field detection sensor which reacts to magnetic differences in the position transmitter strip .
• the associated milling, not shown, in the profile 10 would then have to be adapted to the necessary detection area of such a sensor.
• the downward end section 64 of the guide profile 10 offers a receptacle for an aperture 96 which extends generally along the profile, which in the exemplary embodiment described is made of plastic and has a receiving groove 98 or teeth 100 which engage in corresponding, appropriately designed receiving sections of the end section 64 in a detachable and detachable manner.
• the barrel chute 28 has, as an essential mechanical element, an open roller nut, which is described, for example, in German patent specification 33 02 625 and is to be considered with all structural details as being included in the present disclosure.
• a roller nut is realized in the case of the chute 28 by means of a base plate 102, which - as shown in the left area in FIG. 2 - is followed by the guide section 68 with receiving pockets 104 for the support rollers 70.
• the base plate 102 has two pairs of pockets 106, which are shown in FIG. 10 or described in DE 33 02 625, for insertable, ball-bearing-like rolling rings which are designed to interact with the smooth outer surface of the drive shaft and to roll on it .
• the outer pockets 106 a are dimensioned such that the like because of an interference fit.
• corre- sponding roll rings are rigidly connected to the base plate 102 while the middle pockets 106 b such that it allow to be mounted rolling rings strokes in the ⁇ time jewei ring plane.
• the rolling rings in the pockets 106 are in accordance with b a - lement Federe- which engages over these rolling rings and debohrept via threaded ⁇ is fixed to the base plate 102 108 consolidates be ⁇ and tensioned - not shown.
• the sectional views of FIG. 10 illustrate the different profiles of the pockets 106 a and 106 b .
• FIG. 14 shows a view of FIG. 10 axially tilted by 90 ° and reveals flange attachment 26 for fastening door leaf carrier 26
• FIG. 13 shows a side view of the sliding carriage with guide section 68 lying in front of the nut section.
• the base plate 102 is preferably made in one piece as an injection molding, possibly reinforced, so that the guide section 68 with the receptacles 104 for the support rollers is realized together with the actual rolling nut base plate 102.
• a plastic cap can also be particularly advantageously provided above the roller bearing, with which not only the sliding carriage arrangement can be protected against the ingress of dirt and foreign bodies, but also with such a cap over a felt or the like.
• a rustproofing agent can be applied to the drive shaft of the distribution element, this being done permanently with each movement of the slide.
• FIGS. 10 to 14 were rather schematic, it is particularly preferred according to the invention to use a drive nut arrangement of the type shown in FIGS. 10 to 14.
• the motor 14 is activated by appropriate control, which drives the drive shaft 30 via the coupling 34.
• the co-operating with the shaft 30 Wälzmutterabêt of the carriage 28 performs in response to the rotation of the shaft a longitudinal movement in the axial direction of the shaft through, wherein the support rollers 70 of the guide portion 68 of the running ⁇ carriage 28 of the corresponding guide grooves 72 Profile 10 are performed or supported by them.
• a full rotation of the shaft 30 leads, for example, to a feed of 10 mm along the shaft.
• An essential feature of the illustrated embodiment is the division of the control electronics into a local control part 110 and a central control 112 separate therefrom, these parts being connected by a data bus 114.
• the local control part 110 provided in the immediate vicinity of the drive motor 14 and implemented, for example, by the control electronics 80 on the printed circuit board 78, particularly suitably and largely independently carries out all control functions relating to the motor itself, which will be explained below.
• the central controller 112 located anywhere outside the door drive arrangement described above, is primarily intended to perform central control tasks, such as motion detection, and to put the local control part 110 into a corresponding operating mode via data.
• a central processing unit (CPU) 116 is connected to the data bus 114 for receiving operating status data from the central controller 112 or for forwarding operating data to the latter.
• the CPU 116 controls the drive motor 14 via suitable motor or driver electronics 118.
• an automatic slip control takes place by the CPU 116 of the local control part 110, which controls the drive motor 14 in a suitable manner on the basis of a slip sensor system 132 realized from a travel detection module 120 and a speed detection module 130, or its output signal, in such a way that a drive slide for the nut operation of the slide 28 harmful slipping of the carriage (ie slip) on the drive shaft 30 can be avoided.
• the travel detection module 120 can be implemented by an electronic sensor element already described above, which cooperates in a suitable manner with a position sensor held in the slot 94 of the door leaf regulator 12: namely, a sliding operation of the door drive would cause such a position sensor strip to be stationary on the circuit board 78 provided sensor element are moved past, whereupon the sensor element then generates suitable electronic position signals.
• a position sensor held in the slot 94 of the door leaf regulator 12 namely, a sliding operation of the door drive would cause such a position sensor strip to be stationary on the circuit board 78 provided sensor element are moved past, whereupon the sensor element then generates suitable electronic position signals.
• These can be based on optical, magnetic or other suitable detection of an appropriately trained position transmitter in the door leaf carrier 12.
• the path detection signals generated in this way (which in the simplest sense would be a periodic pulse sequence with a uniform feed movement of the door leaf carrier 12) are compared by the CPU 116 with an electronic signal from the unit 130, which is proportional to the motor speed generated directly by the drive motor 14; for example, this could be done by suitable optical or mechanical tapping on the motor shaft or one of the shaft extensions 32, 36.
• the drive behavior of the door leaf carrier can be optimized over the entire travel distance to be covered.
• the start-up and braking ramps in the path / speed diagram of the door drive reduced to a (slip-free) minimum due to the slip detection, so that the maximum feed speed of the door leaf can always be adapted to the respective conditions, and the electronic detection also helps an (unwanted) slip operation and its regulation advantageously drastically minimizes the wear of an inserted nut arrangement and thus realizes a considerable gain in service life.
• a specific pair of signal values (distance traveled, speed) defines a respective slip-free optimum for each operating speed.
• the OF INVENTION ⁇ -making device according to further comprising a learning control unit such ⁇ be provided that during a BEWE ⁇ supply operation of the door wing no immediate direct Regulation of the engine speed upon detection of a slip condition takes place (this could be noticed, for example, by stuttering or jerking in the door movement), but only the subsequent operating cycle then automatically takes into account a control value for the drive motor that has to be corrected accordingly.
• predetermined control sequences for the motor - such as duration and speed for starting (starting ramp), the actual feed operation and braking (braking ramp) in a predetermined manner in the CPU 116 or an associated memory module that such - optimized - operational control processes can be used if necessary. Since a respective instantaneous position of the door leaf carrier is advantageously known and can be determined by the continuous position detection of the door leaf carrier, an operating control on the basis of these actual position values appears to be clearly superior to a conventional door opening method.
• the local control part 110 has an additional safety module: If a maximum motor current is exceeded, which can occur in particular when the door is stuck or the motor shaft is blocked as a result, the CPU switches off automatically in order to prevent a person or a person from being caught to prevent the drive motor from being destroyed (this applies in particular if, for unforeseeable reasons, the sliding carriage 28 does not slip).
• the CPU can additionally, triggered by the initiation of a movement process, record a running operating time of the motor and compare it with predetermined values. If there is about to be exceeded a predetermined time Maxi ⁇ malwerts, this could also indicate ⁇ a malfunction, and the CPU would deactivate the motor.
• the central control 112 performs those control tasks that are not directly related to the units of the door drive itself: this is a central control CPU 136 the central control is connected to two motion sensors 138 (preferably radar sensors) which indicate a movement or presence of people in the direction of or away from the door unit - on both sides - so that the central control CPU 138 opens appropriately - or can transmit closing commands to the local CPU 116 of the control part 110 via the data bus 114.
• two motion sensors 138 preferably radar sensors
• An operating selector unit 140 is also connected to the CPU 136, which makes it possible for an operator to select predetermined operating modes - automatic opening / closing, permanent closing, permanent opening, opening only up to a certain opening width, etc.
• the central control CPU is connected to a power supply unit 142 for supplying power to the overall arrangement and to a power supply unit buffer 144.
• the power supply buffer 144 is particularly advantageously implemented as a battery backup and serves to buffer high starting or acceleration currents of the motor without the need for a power supply dimensioned for maximum motor power consumption: While, for example, a 100 W drive motor in the startup mode peak currents of up takes up to 10 a, the current consumption decreases in Treasurebe ⁇ drive (ie, during the normal feed barrel after the start) to values of 2-3 A. a battery backup then effected advantageous that a high starting peak current absorbed by the battery can be, while the power supply itself must only be dimensioned for the normal continuous current (and usually the battery via suitable charging electronics when the engine is idle).
• This training which is particularly effective in the case of door controls with two or more motors, leads correspondingly to considerable cost reductions in the manufacture and dimensioning of the necessary mains power supply.
• FIG. 16 shows a further development of the arrangement according to the invention from FIG. 15 for two (for example counter-rotating) door leaves: in this alternative exemplary embodiment, a central control 112 is provided for two local control parts 110, each local control part controlling the respective drive motor, the associated slip detection or takes over the associated security functions.
• the arrangement of FIG. 1 could have a drive motor with shaft drive for each door leaf at each end, which meet in the middle in the closed state. In such a case, the central control could also take over a detailed control of the closing process in a suitable manner on the basis of the position data of the individual door leaves.
• the detection of the feed path of the door leaf carrier relative to the fixed guide profile can be realized in different ways.
• an absolute position determination that is independent of a stop is also possible: For example, through suitable mechanical, optical and / or mechanical markings on a position sensor strip, an absolute position could be coded onto it, which is then suitably detected by the sensor electronics on the door leaf carrier and converted into a respective absolute position.
• ⁇ appears sondere a wire or a bar that a corresponding speaking position encoded in magnetized field sections.
• the door drive according to the invention can be automatically adjusted to change states, for example weather-dependent stiffness or a particularly heavy door leaf, by electronically optimizing the driving behavior as a function of a possible slippage, complex manual adjustments are unnecessary and reduce an otherwise necessary maintenance. or service costs.

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• Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
• Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

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ID=7812493

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• 1996
  • 1996-11-22 DE DE19648435A patent/DE19648435C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1997
  • 1997-11-21 EP EP97951947A patent/EP0939853B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-11-21 AT AT97951947T patent/ATE232935T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-11-21 WO PCT/EP1997/006536 patent/WO1998023837A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1997-11-21 DE DE59709360T patent/DE59709360D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related

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