EP0933323B1 - Double-Decker or Multi-Decker Elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

Vertical distance between two adjacent lift cabins (5, 6) is adjustable in order to adapt the lift cabin position to the floor level in the neighbouring storey (E1-E16) of the building, even where the heights of the individual storeys within the building can vary. Two or more lift cabins are mounted in a single lift cage frame (4) moved up and down a lift shaft (1) using a winch (2) and lift cable (3). An Independent claim is also included for the distance control system.

Description

The invention relates to a method and a device to adjust the deck distance for biplane or Multi-deck elevators.

DE 1 113 293 is an elevator system became known, which consists of an elevator with two one below the other, to the height of two floors includes extending cabins. The two cabins which are driven by a common motor, form a so-called double-decker elevator and are rigidly coupled.

In the double-decker elevator system described above the two cabins are rigidly connected and do not allow mutual position changes. In this case is an exact adherence to the same Floor distances across the entire building height necessary, otherwise when stopping on one floor one or even both decks have thresholds. The same problem arises when there are months or years after creating the masonry in a building or if the building tolerances are not met, what particularly in tall buildings effect. A control of one as described at the beginning Double decker elevator is unable to accommodate both cabins stop precisely on the corresponding floors allow. At least one or both Cabins create stopping inaccuracies or so-called Thresholds to the floors.

In US 5 220 981 are double-decker elevators with one each Cabin unit, each having two cabins, and discloses a method for controlling such elevators.

One or both of the cabins are in the respective cabin unit movably attached to the vertical distance between the cabins to the distances adapt each of the superimposed floors can. To control the positions of the cabins one such double-decker elevator are a measuring device, which is the position of a cabin relative to each Cabin unit determines, and a control unit that comprises a data memory. Before shooting of operating a double decker elevator at a Driving the cabin unit through the respective Elevator shaft determines the distances of all floors and stored in the data storage. At one to the Cabin unit or to one of the respective cabins the control unit takes over the directed call Task to drive the cabin unit to one Control reference point in the shaft and the positions one or both cabins relative to the reference point According to the values stored in the data memory for the distances between the floors to be controlled adapt. Like the one to be controlled by the cabin unit Reference point to choose would be detailed Process steps for controlling movement of the Cabins relative to the reference point are not disclosed.

The invention has for its object a Double-decker or multi-deck elevator and a process to propose to control such an elevator, which does not have the aforementioned disadvantages.

This object is achieved by the in claims 1 and 8 characterized invention solved.

The advantages achieved by the invention are in essential to see that the cabins also at Buildings with different floor heights on the associated floor exactly, that means without Threshold, may persist.

By the measures listed in the subclaims are advantageous developments and improvements of in the method specified in claim 1 and the device to adjust the deck distance for biplane or Multi-deck elevators possible. In a control unit the measured position values are saved and periodically updated for possible changes, such as for example shrinking buildings. The necessary coverage distances become from this data calculated which for a simultaneous thresholdless Stopping is necessary for all cabins. Can continue therefore in any type of control (conventional Control, destination call control, etc.) for the next following stop necessary deck distance while driving and be set before stopping.

Fig.1

eine schematische Darstellung der erfindungsgemässen Deckdistanzsteuerung für einen Aufzug einer aus drei Aufzügen bestehenden Aufzugsgruppe,

Fig.2

ein Flussdiagramm für die Steuerung der Deckdistanzanpassung während der Fahrt,,

Fig.3

eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zur Anpassung der Deckdistanz bei einem Doppeldecker-Aufzug.

In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown and explained in more detail below.
Show it:

Fig.1

1 shows a schematic representation of the covering distance control according to the invention for an elevator of an elevator group consisting of three elevators,

Fig.2

a flowchart for the control of the deck distance adjustment while driving ,,

Figure 3

is a schematic representation of a device for adjusting the deck distance in a double decker elevator.

1 shows a cover distance control according to the invention for an elevator one consisting of three lifts Elevator group shown, which with a known for example from EP 365 782 Group control works. An elevator a is in one Elevator shaft 1, one of three elevators, for example a, b and c existing elevator group. A Carrier 2 drives a via a rope 3 in Elevator shaft 1 guided, from two in one Car frame 4 arranged cabins 5, 6 formed Double decker elevator 7, according to the example selected elevator system sixteen floors E1 to E16 to be served. A shown in detail A of Figure 1 Drive, a so-called deck distance drive machine DA, can, for example, a spindle gear change the mutual coverage distance of the cabins 5, 6 so that this with the distance between two adjacent floors always matches.

The carrier 2 is one of, for example, from the EP 026 406 controlled drive control, wherein the setpoint generation, the control functions and the Stop initiation by means of a microcomputer system 8 be realized, and with 9 the measuring and Actuators of the drive control are symbolized via a first interface IF1 with the microcomputer system 8 communicating. With 10 are measuring and Actuators of the deck distance drive machine DA designated, which via an interface IF5 with the Microcomputer system 8 are connected. The Microcomputer system 8 processes the necessary ones Information that is shown in the flow chart according to Fig. 2 are shown.

Each car 5, 6 of the double-decker elevator 7 has a load measuring device 11, a device 12 signaling the respective operating state Z of the car 5, 6, a device 13 for detecting the position of the cars 5, 6 relative to the entire elevator and car call transmitter 14. The devices 11, 12 are connected to the microcomputer system 8 via the interface IF1 and the measuring and actuating elements 10 via an interface IF6. The car call transmitter 14 and the floor call transmitter 15 provided on the floors are connected to the microcomputer system 8, for example, via an input device 16 that has become known from EP 062 141 and a second interface IF2. The microcomputer system 8 comprises a storey call memory RAM1, two car call memories RAM2, RAM3 assigned to the cabins 5, 6 of the double-decker elevator 7, a load memory RAM4 storing the current load P _{M of} each car 5, 6, two the operating state Z of the cabins 5, 6 storage memory RAM5, RAM6, two tabular partial cost memories RAM7, RAM8 assigned to the cabins 5, 6 of the double-decker elevator 7, a first total cost memory RAM9, a second total cost memory RAM10, a deck / call assignment memory RAM11, an elevator with the lowest operating costs For each scanning position and direction of operation, the RAM12 memory, a RAM13 memory with the differences determined for all adjacent floor distances against a mean deck distance DMDD, a RAM14 memory for the values mean deck distance MDD, actual value deck distance difference IDDD, target value deck Distance range SDDS, etc., a program memory EPROM, a span Fail-safe data memory DBRAM and a microprocessor CPU, which is connected via a bus B to the memories RAM1 to RAM14, EPROM and DBRAM. R1 and R2 denote a first and a second scanner of a scanner, the scanner R1, R2 being registers by means of which addresses corresponding to the floor numbers and the direction of travel are formed. The cost memories RAM7 to RAM10 each have one or more memory locations, which can be assigned to the individual possible cabin positions. R3 and R4 denote the selectors corresponding to the individual cabins in the form of a register which, when the cabin is moving, indicates the address of the floor on which the cabin can still stop. At a standstill, R3 and R4 point to the floor where a call can be served or to a possible cabin position (for "blind" floors). As is known from the drive control mentioned above, the selector addresses are assigned target paths which are compared with a target value generated in a setpoint generator. If these paths are identical and a stop command is present, the delay phase is initiated. If there is no stop command, the selectors R3 and R4 are switched to the next floor.

The microcomputer systems of the individual elevators a, b, c are known from, for example, EP 050 304 Comparison device 17 and a third interface IF3 and also, for example, from EP 050 305 known party line transmission system 18 and a fourth Interface IF4 interconnected and form in it A group control with adjustment of the deck distance for double-decker or multi-decker elevators.

• Der Wert Mittlere Deck-Distanz MDD wird aus der Stockwerk- und Schachtdisposition des Gebäudes als mittlerer Wert zwischen grösster und kleinster Stockwerksdistanz von zwei benachbarten Stockwerken definiert, wobei als benachbarte Stockwerke nur die von dem Aufzug bei einem Halt bedienbaren Stockwerke gelten. Für die Stockwerke, welche von dem Doppeldecker-Aufzug 7 so bedient werden können, dass eines der Decks im Schachtbereich ohne eine Schachttüre steht (z.B. in einer Expresszone), kann die Mittlere Deck-Distanz MDD als Steuergrösse verwendet werden.
• Für jeden Doppelhalt, d.h. für jeden Halt bei dem beide Kabinen 5, 6 ein Stockwerk bedienen, wird die Differenz gegen die Mittlere Deck-Distanz DMDD für den entsprechenden Halt ermittelt:

• positiver Wert von DMDD bedeutet: die Kabinen 5, 6 müssen um diesen Wert weiter auseinander sein als MDD um gleichzeitig mit beiden Decks die beiden Stockwerksniveaux zu erreichen.
• negativer Wert von DMDD bedeutet: die Kabinen 5, 6 müssen um diesen Wert näher zusammen sein als MDD um gleichzeitig mit beiden Decks die beiden Stockwerksniveaux zu erreichen.
• Diese DMDD-Werte für alle Doppelhalte werden in einer Tabelle im Speicher RAM13 festgehalten.
• Die gegenseitige Kabinenposition wird mit einer geeigneten Vorrichtung, beispielsweise mit einem Impuls-Tachodynamo und einem entsprechenden Wandler zur Bestimmung der Distanz, ermittelt.
• Die Abweichung der Distanz beider Kabinen 5, 6 gegenüber MDD wird als Istwert-Differenz zur Mittleren Deck-Distanz IDMDD dauernd nachgeführt. IDMDD kann ein positiver oder negativer Wert sein. Beispielsweise bedeutet IDMDD=-10, dass die beiden Kabinen 5, 6 10cm näher aneinander sind als MDD vorgibt.
• Sobald der nächste Halt bekannt wird, kann aus der Tabelle mit den gespeicherten DMDD-Werten abgelesen werden, wie weit auseinander die beiden Kabinen 5, 6 sein sollten. Die Differenz aus DMDD und IDMDD ergibt die notwendige Fahrstrecke SDDS für die relative Bewegung der beiden Kabinen 5, 6 gegeneinander.
• SDDS bedeutet die Sollwert Deck-Distanz-Strecke, um welche sich die Kabinen 5, 6 gegeneinander entfernen oder annähern müssen, so dass beide Kabinen 5, 6 im Zielhalt das Stockwerksniveau genau erreichen. Ein positiver SDDS-Wert zeigt an, dass sich die Kabinen 5, 6 voneinander entfernen müssen. Ein negativer SDDS-Wert bedeutet eine notwendige Annäherung der beiden Kabinen 5, 6.
• Die Deckdistanzsteuerung wählt die Richtung der distanzregulierenden Fahrt einer oder beider Kabinen 5, 6 und kontrolliert, ob die Kabinen 5, 6 die gewünschte Distanz erreicht haben und dass die Kabinen 5, 6 nicht eine Extremposition, d.h. eine maximal mögliche obere oder untere Deck-Position in Bezug auf den Aufzug, erreicht haben.
• Die Steuerung der gegenseitigen Positionierung beider Kabinen 5, 6 wird beispielsweise durch folgende Ereignisse aktiviert:
  • Kabine in Beschleunigungsphase und Fahrziel bekannt.
  • Neues während der Fahrt ermitteltes Fahrziel bekannt.
• Der Antriebsteil der Aufzugssteuerung (nicht die Deckdistanzsteuerung) sorgt dafür, dass der Aufzug genau anhält. Sie steuert den Doppeldecker-Aufzug 7 mit den beiden beweglichen Kabinen 5, 6 immer auf den Mittelpunkt zwischen den beiden benachbarten Stockwerken. Die beiden Kabinen 5, 6 vergrössern oder verkleinern ihre gegenseitige Distanz immer symmetrisch zum Mittelpunkt des Doppeldecker-Aufzugs 7. Wird eine der Kabinen 5, 6 fest mit dem Aufzugsrahmen verbunden, steuert die Aufzugssteuerung den Aufzug 7 so an, dass die im Aufzugsrahmen unbewegliche Kabine 5, 6 die Referenzposition für das Erreichen des Zielstockwerkniveaus darstellt.
• Ebenfalls der Antriebsteil der Aufzugssteuerung regelt den Doppeldecker-Aufzug 7, der Last in beiden Kabinen 5, 6 entsprechend, nach. Zum Zeitpunkt der Nachregulierung sind die Positionen beider Kabinen 5, 6 in Bezug auf den Aufzugsrahmen bereits fixiert. Deshalb korrigiert die Nachregulierung auf beide Stockwerks-Niveaux gleichzeitig und in der gleichen Richtung.

The following functional description refers to a double-decker elevator with both decks that are movable relative to the elevator frame, respectively. Cabins 5, 6. If a deck, respectively. If one of the cabins 5, 6 is firmly connected to the car frame 4 and only the second cabin is designed to be movable, the flow diagrams for controlling the deck distance can be derived from the flow diagrams shown and described in FIG. Likewise, in a multi-deck elevator, all of the cabins 5, 6 can be designed to be movable relative to the car frame, or one of the cabins 5, 6 can be fixed to the frame and the remaining cabins 5, 6 can be designed to be movable relative to the car frame.

• The average deck distance MDD value is defined from the floor and shaft disposition of the building as the average value between the largest and smallest floor distance of two adjacent floors, whereby only the floors that can be operated by the elevator during a stop are considered to be adjacent floors. For the floors which can be operated by the double-decker elevator 7 so that one of the decks in the shaft area is without a shaft door (eg in an express zone), the middle deck distance MDD can be used as a control variable.
• For each double stop, ie for each stop in which both cabins 5, 6 serve one floor, the difference against the mean deck distance DMDD is determined for the corresponding stop:

• positive value of DMDD means: cabins 5, 6 must be further apart than MDD by this value in order to reach the two floor levels simultaneously with both decks.
• negative value of DMDD means: the cabins 5, 6 must be closer to this value than MDD in order to reach the two floor levels simultaneously with both decks.
• These DMDD values for all double stops are recorded in a table in the RAM13.
• The mutual cabin position is determined with a suitable device, for example with a pulse tachodynamo and a corresponding converter for determining the distance.
• The deviation of the distance between the two cabins 5, 6 compared to MDD is continuously tracked as the actual value difference to the mean deck distance IDMDD. IDMDD can be a positive or negative value. For example, IDMDD = -10 means that the two cabins 5, 6 are 10 cm closer to each other than MDD specifies.
• As soon as the next stop becomes known, the table with the stored DMDD values shows how far apart the two cabins 5, 6 should be. The difference between DMDD and IDMDD results in the necessary travel distance SDDS for the relative movement of the two cabins 5, 6 against one another.
• SDDS means the setpoint deck-distance distance, by which the cabins 5, 6 have to move away from or approach each other, so that both cabins 5, 6 reach the floor level exactly at the destination stop. A positive SDDS value indicates that the cabins 5, 6 must move away from each other. A negative SDDS value means that the two cabins 5, 6 must approach each other.
• The deck distance control selects the direction of the distance-regulating journey of one or both cabins 5, 6 and checks whether the cabins 5, 6 have reached the desired distance and that the cabins 5, 6 are not in an extreme position, ie a maximum possible upper or lower deck position in relation to the elevator.
• The control of the mutual positioning of both cabins 5, 6 is activated, for example, by the following events:
  • Cab known in acceleration phase and destination.
  • New destination determined while driving known.
• The drive part of the elevator control (not the deck distance control) ensures that the elevator stops exactly. It controls the double-decker elevator 7 with the two movable cars 5, 6 always to the center between the two adjacent floors. The two cabins 5, 6 always increase or decrease their mutual distance symmetrically to the center of the double-decker elevator 7. If one of the cabins 5, 6 is permanently connected to the elevator frame, the elevator control controls the elevator 7 in such a way that the cabin which is immobile in the elevator frame 5, 6 represents the reference position for reaching the target floor level.
• The drive part of the elevator control also adjusts the double-decker elevator 7, corresponding to the load in both cabins 5, 6. At the time of the readjustment, the positions of both cars 5, 6 are already fixed in relation to the elevator frame. Therefore, the adjustment to both floor levels corrects simultaneously and in the same direction.

• Alle Distanzen zwischen benachbarten Stockwerken SD werden ermittelt.
• Grösste Stockwerk-Distanz, Kleinste Stockwerk-Distanz und Mittlere Stockwerk-Distanz werden ermittelt. Die Mittlere Stockwerk-Distanz entspricht der Mittleren Deck-Distanz MDD.
• Pro Haltepaar wird die Differenz zur Mittleren Stockwerk-Distanz DMDD ermittelt.

The initialization of the value tables for controlling the deck distance in a double-decker elevator 7 is carried out as follows during a learning trip (in the case of a multi-deck elevator, the value tables and their treatment would be created and used accordingly):

• All distances between adjacent floors SD are determined.
• Largest floor distance, smallest floor distance and middle floor distance are determined. The middle floor distance corresponds to the middle deck distance MDD.
• The difference to the middle floor distance DMDD is determined for each stop pair.

The measured position values are saved and at every trip or periodically updated for any Changes such as building shrinkage, to be able to record. From this data the necessary coverage distances calculated, which for a simultaneous stopping without thresholds for the cabins 5.6 are necessary. It is also possible to follow the procedure not just with a conventional group control, but in any type of control (Destination call control, etc.).

2 shows a flowchart for the control of the Adjustment of deck distance while driving. With the start of the The setpoint deck distance distance SDDS is lifted the difference the difference to the middle deck distance DMDD and the actual value difference to the mean deck distance IDMDD determined. Is the required deck distance already preset, that means the setpoint deck-distance distance SDDS is zero, no action is taken because both cabins 5, 6 in the target stop exactly the floor levels to reach.

During elevator travel and relative movement the decks becomes the actual value difference to the mean deck distance IDMDD constantly updated, since at one possible change of target floor the new setpoint deck distance distance SDDS needs to be determined and the process of the deck distance adjustment is initiated. Is the The deck distance adjustment finished, the doors get one Release signal for opening. The door is opened under Consideration of all other regulations and Control-related measures. Both decks reach exactly the respective floor level.

3 shows a schematic representation of a Device for adjusting the deck distance at a Double decker elevator 7 with two opposite Car frame movable cabins 5, 6. In one common, with guides 50 and a suspension 51st provided car frame 4 are the two cabins 5, 6 arranged. Both cabins 5, 6 each have one Cabin guides 53 guided on guide rails, separate cabin frames 54, 55. To determine the mutual position of the cabins 5, 6 is used for example a pulse tachodynamo 60. Between the Cabins 5, 6 are on a plate 61 on car frame 4 the deck distance drive machine (DA) with electric motor attached. The control of this drive is located for example in the machine room of the elevator system. to mutual adjustment of the cabins 5, 6 is used for example a spindle 62 with opposing threads for the two assigned cabins 5, 6 and reaches through an opening 63 through the plate 61. The Cabin frames 54, 55 are provided with threaded plates 64, which accommodate the spindle 62. When adjusting the coverage distance, i.e. when the spindle 62 from the top distance driving machine DA is driven, enlarged or the distance between the cabins 5, 6 decreases symmetrical to the center of the double-decker elevator 7. As an alternative to the spindle 62, for example a pair of scissors, hydraulic rams or another drive be used.

Claims (10)

1. Method of controlling a double-decker or multi-decker elevator (7) which is guided in an elevator hoistway (1) and is driven by a hoisting machine (2) via a suspension rope (3), there being arranged in a car sling (4) at least two cars (5, 6), the vertical distance between the cars (5, 6) being adjustable, so that even with variable floor heights in the building the positions of the cars are adjustable to the level of the respective landings on adjacent floors, and floor distances (SD) between two respectively adjacent floors being determined, characterized in that

   a) a "Mean Deck-Distance" (MDD) defined as the mean value between the largest and smallest floor distance (SD) of two adjacent floors is calculated,

   b) for each stop at which the cars (5, 6) respectively serve two adjacent floors a "Difference from the Mean Deck-Distance" (DMDD) is formed, which gives the difference between the distance between the floors and the value of the mean deck-distance (MDD),

   c) a pair of adjacent floors is selected, at which the two cars should stop,

   d) an "Actual Difference from the Mean Deck Distance" (IMDD) is calculated which gives the difference between an actual value for the distance between the cars and the value for the "Mean Deck-Distance" (MDD),

   e) a "Reference Deck-Distance Correction" SDDS is calculated from the difference between the value for the "Difference from the Mean Deck-Distance" (DMDD) which corresponds to the pair of adjacent floors, and the value for the "Actual Difference from the Mean Deck-Distance" (IDMDD), and from this is determined the direction in which, and the distance by which, the distance between the cars (5, 6) must be corrected.
2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the values for the "Mean Deck-Distance" (MDD) and the "Difference from the Mean Deck-Distance" (DMDD) is determined in a learning travel of the elevator for each pair of adjacent floors.
3. Method according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the values for the "Mean Deck-Distance" (MDD) and the "Difference from the Mean Deck-Distance" (DMDD) are determined on each trip of the elevator.
4. Method according to one of Claims 1-3, characterized in that the values for the "Mean Deck-Distance" (MDD) and the "Difference from the Mean Deck-Distance" (DMDD) are written into a memory (RAM13, RAM14).
5. Method according to one of Claims 1-4, characterized in that the values for the "Actual Difference from the Mean Deck-Distance" (IDMDD) and the "Reference Deck-Distance Correction" (SDDS) are calculated when there is a change of destination floor.
6. Method according to one of Claims 1-5, characterized in that the distance between the cars (5, 6) is changed symmetrically about the midpoint of the double-decker elevator, and that the double-decker elevator (7) stops in such manner that the midpoint of the double-decker elevator (7) is directed to the midpoint between the pair of adjacent floors.
7. Method according to one of Claims 1-5, characterized in that one of the cars (5, 6) is arranged immovably in the car sling (4), and that this car represents a reference position for reaching a target floor level.
8. Device for a double-decker or multi-decker elevator (7) which is guided in an elevator hoistway (1) and is driven, for example, by a hoisting machine (2) via a suspension rope (3), there being arranged in a car sling (4) at least two cars (5, 6) and at least one of the cars (5, 6) being movable relative to the car sling (4), there being arranged on the car sling (4) at least one deck-distance drive machine (DA) for adjusting the distances between the cars (5, 6), a device for determining the relative positions of, or calculating the distance between, the cars (5, 6) and a control device (8, 10) for the deck-distance drive machine being provided for a selected pair of adjacent floors, and it being possible by means of the control device (8, 10) to bring the distance between the cars (5, 6) to match the distance of the floors,
   characterized in that
   the control device contains a memory (RAM13, RAM14) for the following values:

   a value for a "Mean Deck-Distance" (MDD), which is defined as the mean value between the largest and smallest floor distance (SD) of two adjacent floors;

   for each stop at which the cars (5, 6) respectively serve two adjacent floors, a value for a "Difference from the Mean Deck-Distance" (DMDD) which gives the difference between the distance between the floors and the value for the "Mean Deck-Distance" (MDD), a value for an "Actual Difference from the Mean Deck Distance" (IMDD), which gives the difference between an actual value for the distance between the cars and the value for the "Mean Deck-Distance" (MDD);

   for the selected pair of adjacent floors, a value for a "Reference Deck-Distance Correction" (SDDS), formed from the difference between the value for the "Difference from the Mean Deck-Distance" (DMDD) which corresponds to the selected pair of adjacent floors and to the value for the "Actual Difference from the Mean Deck-Distance" (IDMDD).
9. Device according to Claim 8,
   characterized in that
   one or more of the cars (5, 6) is movable relative to the car sling (4), and that not more than one car (5, 6) is immovably fastened to the car sling (4).
10. Device according to one of Claims 8 or 9,
    characterized in that
    with the deck-distance drive machine (DA), the distance between the cars (5, 6) can be changed symmetrically about the mid-point of the double-decker elevator (7).

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