EP0932708B1 - Elektrolysevorrichtung - Google Patents
Elektrolysevorrichtung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0932708B1 EP0932708B1 EP98941241A EP98941241A EP0932708B1 EP 0932708 B1 EP0932708 B1 EP 0932708B1 EP 98941241 A EP98941241 A EP 98941241A EP 98941241 A EP98941241 A EP 98941241A EP 0932708 B1 EP0932708 B1 EP 0932708B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- electrolysis
- contact
- contact layer
- electrolysis apparatus
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
- C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
- C25B9/77—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having diaphragms
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrolysis device with a Number of membrane electrolysis cells, each one comprises a membrane provided on both sides with a contact layer, a contact plate being arranged on each contact layer is, and with each contact plate on its own associated surface facing a channel system for transporting water and / or gas.
- an electrolysis device In an electrolysis device, a medium is applied a supply voltage between an anode and a cathode decomposed electrolytically. When using water as Medium forms hydrogen and oxygen.
- a Such electrolysis device can thus be tailored to the needs Generation of hydrogen and / or oxygen used become.
- an electrolysis device for the need-based fumigation of the primary cooling circuit Pressurized water reactor can be provided with hydrogen.
- An electrolysis device can act as a membrane electrolyzer be trained.
- the electrolysis device comprises a number of membrane electrolysis cells in which the principle of operation a fuel cell is reversed.
- the principle of operation a fuel cell is, for example, in the Article "Fuel cells for electrical traction", K. Straßer, VDI reports, No. 912 (1992), pages 125ff.
- a membrane electrolysis cell In such a membrane electrolysis cell, this is used as the medium provided water one between the anode and the cathode arranged membrane, in particular one as an electrolyte provided cation exchange membrane.
- the membrane is usually on both sides with one Provided contact layer, the first contact layer as Anode and the second contact layer serves as a cathode.
- a Such membrane electrolysis cell is characterized by a particularly compact design, so that an electrolysis unit with a number of membrane electrolysis cells on particular narrow space can be accommodated.
- an electrolysis device for the use of an electrolysis device as a hydrogen generator in the industrial area or in the power plant area is an interpretation of their production capacity with regard on the underlying need for hydrogen. It can be used especially for applications with comparative high hydrogen demand in terms of structural Advantages desirable design of the electrolysis device be unsuitable as a membrane electrolyzer.
- a membrane electrolyzer is designed Electrolysis device known on each contact layer one contact plate each with a channel system for transporting water and / or gas. At this However, if one of the electrolytic cells fails, the device for example as a result of damage to the membrane, troubleshooting is particularly time-consuming and possibly with a longer downtime of the device as a whole.
- the object of the invention is therefore an electrolysis device of the type mentioned above, the compact Construction, in particular if one of the membrane electrolysis cells fails a particularly reliable and fast troubleshooting enables.
- This object is achieved in that the Contact layers of each membrane electrically with one Analysis unit are connected after a shutdown the power supply of a membrane the temporal behavior of the voltage dropping across this membrane is determined.
- the invention is based on the consideration that a too membrane electrolyser suitable for high hydrogen production rates a number of membrane electrolysis cells with special should have large-sized membranes. Even with such a dimensioning of the membranes should supply the membranes with reliable feed decomposing medium, especially with water his. This is for each membrane of the electrolysis device a reliable and also suitable for large area membranes Transport system for the medium and also for the im Electrolysis process generated gas provided.
- a special one compact design can be achieved by using the transport system in the for electrical contacting of the membranes attached electrodes provided contact plates is integrated.
- each contact plate is preferably in shape concentric segments of a circle.
- Duct system a particularly cheap and reliable feeding accessible to all active areas of a membrane.
- the Membrane electrolysis cells are expediently electrical connected in series.
- each contact layer and the contact plate there is between each contact layer and the contact plate assigned to each one porous circuit board arranged.
- a porous circuit board which can be made of titanium, for example, provides reliable electrical contact on the one hand between the contact layer and the associated contact plate forth, on the other hand an unobstructed passage the medium to be decomposed to the membrane and the electrolytic generated gas guaranteed in the channel system is.
- the porous circuit board also favors the Distribution of the supplied medium on the membrane.
- the channel systems are in a further advantageous embodiment the contact plates arranged on both sides of a membrane independently of one another with a medium, in particular with Water or deionized water, feedable.
- a medium in particular with Water or deionized water
- the electrolysis device is therefore special flexible use. For example, such Arrangement the contact layer of the membrane provided as the cathode with in the primary circuit of a nuclear plant Coolant can be fed, whereas that provided as an anode Contact layer of the membrane deionized can be supplied.
- Such an electrolysis device is thus than directly into the coolant circuit of a nuclear Plant integrated hydrogen generator for the reactor coolant applicable.
- the duct systems of the one on both sides Membrane arranged contact plates are expedient connected to separate gas discharge system.
- the electrolysis device For a particularly reliable power line within the The electrolysis device are the membrane electrolysis cells expediently arranged in a stack in a housing, with the housing on each end face Locking element for tensioning the membrane electrolysis cells with each other. Adjacent membrane electrolysis cells are flat against each other by means of the locking elements compressible, so that a particularly reliable conductive connection between each contact layer and the one assigned to it Contact plate is guaranteed.
- the analysis unit is also designed such that the membrane is powered off Cooldown of a voltage signal of this membrane is determined.
- the analysis unit is a Sensor connected to determine gas cleanliness. Out the statement about the decay time of a membrane together with the statement about gas purity is particularly simple Way a forecast of future operational security derivable from the respective membrane.
- the electrolysis device is therefore also in the event of malfunctions single membrane electrolysis cell particularly reliable operable. A defective membrane electrolysis cell can be short-circuited so that they no longer contribute to Gas production does, with the functionality more intact Membrane electrolysis cells are not affected.
- the advantages achieved with the invention are in particular in that provided by the contact plates Channel systems a reliable and large-area supply of the medium to be decomposed electrolytically to the membranes particularly compact design is guaranteed.
- the membrane electrolysis cells can be operated independently of each other, so that even if individual membrane electrolysis cells fail the functionality of the electrolysis device is maintained.
- the intended analysis unit is a defective membrane electrolysis cell also detectable in a particularly simple manner. At Any malfunctions that occur are thus the decoupling of one defective membrane electrolysis cell in a particularly simple manner possible, the operation of the electrolysis device with the maintain remaining intact membrane electrolysis cells can be.
- the electrolysis device 1 according to FIG. 1 is a membrane electrolyzer trained and includes a number of electrical membrane electrolysis cells connected in series 2.
- Im Embodiment according to Figure 1 are four in a row switched membrane electrolysis cells 2 shown; it can but also any other number of membrane electrolysis cells 2 may be provided.
- Each membrane electrolysis cell 2 has a membrane designed as a cation exchange membrane 4 as an electrolyte for water as a medium to be decomposed on.
- the membrane 4 of each membrane electrolysis cell 2 is on both sides each with a contact layer, not shown Mistake.
- the two contact layers of a membrane 4 serve as electrodes during the electrolysis process.
- In the embodiment is the contact layer provided as the cathode each membrane 4 is formed from platinum.
- the contact layer of each membrane 4, however, is in the The main thing is from iridium.
- each contact plate On each contact layer of each membrane 4 5 arranged. Every contact layer is included the associated contact plate 5 via a porous Printed circuit board 6 electrically connected.
- the porous circuit board 6, which can be made for example on a titanium basis each time between the contact layer and that assigned to it Contact plate 5 arranged.
- Each of a membrane 4, two circuit boards 6 and two contact plates 5 formed membrane electrolysis cells 2nd are arranged in a stack in a housing 8. Neighbors Contact plates 5 different membrane electrolysis cells 2 are electrically separated from each other by one Insulator plate 9 separated. The series connection of the Membrane electrolysis cells 2 are not closer by external line system shown causes. Alternatively can adjacent contact plates 5 different membrane electrolysis cells 2 also in direct electrical contact stand together or be made in one piece.
- the Housing 8 has on its face 10 each as Locking element 12 provided screw for bracing the Membrane electrolysis cells 2 with each other.
- Each contact plate 5 is, as in Figure 2 based on the cross-section shown electrolysis device 1, formed approximately circular and points to her associated surface facing a channel system 14 on.
- the channel system 14 is in the respective Contact plate 5 protruding depressions formed in Shape of concentric circle segments on the surface of the respective Contact plate 5 are arranged.
- the channel system 14 each contact plate 5 is for the transport of electrolytic medium to be decomposed is provided for the respective membrane 4.
- the channel system 14 of each contact plate 5 is included connected to a feed system for an electrolysis medium.
- the electrolysis device 1 is designed such that that the channel systems 14 on both sides of a membrane 4th arranged contact plates 5 independently of one another Medium can be fed.
- the medium or a gas released during the electrolysis from the sewer systems 14 of the contact plates arranged on both sides of a membrane 4 5 can be removed independently of one another.
- the Channel systems 14 of all contact plates 5, one as a cathode provided contact layer are assigned to a membrane 4, on the input side to a common feed system 16 and on the output side connected to a common drainage system 18.
- the channel systems 14 of those contact plates 5, the one Assigned as an anode contact layer of a membrane 4 assigned are, on the other hand, are on the input side to one of the feed system 16 independent feed system 20 and on the output side a discharge system 22 which is independent of the discharge system 18.
- the feed is the contact layers provided as cathodes with another Electrolysis medium as that for feeding the as Contact layers provided on anodes used electrolysis medium possible.
- the electrolysis device 1 is therefore special flexible use. For example, the electrolysis device 1 directly into a coolant circuit Nuclear plant to be integrated, being the cathodes provided contact layers directly with reactor coolant be fed as an electrolysis medium, and with that Reactor coolant enriched with hydrogen from electrolysis directly into the coolant circuit of the nuclear facility is returned.
- the contact layers provided as the anode can be fed with deionized water.
- deionized water When operating a Such an arranged electrolysis device 1 Deionate feedable anodes with a higher operating pressure acted upon as those charged with reactor coolant Cathodes. So even in the event of a diaphragm rupture or one Leakage releases reactor coolant to the environment safely avoided.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a gassing system 28 for a technical system, in particular for the primary circuit of a Pressurized water reactor, shown.
- the gassing system 28 includes as a hydrogen generator, the electrolysis device 1, their feed and discharge systems 16, 18, 20, 22 in no more detail shown connected to the technical system are.
- the electrolysis device 1 also includes an analysis unit 30. The contact layers of each membrane are 4 electrically connected to the analysis unit 30.
- the analysis unit 30 is designed to switch off the Power supply to a membrane 4 the decay time of a voltage signal to determine this membrane 4. From the cooldown of the voltage signal can then in the analysis unit 30 conclusions about the functionality of the respective Membrane 4 are pulled. If membrane 4 is intact, the respective membrane electrolysis cell 2 after switching off the power supply act briefly as a fuel cell, until the gases previously released by electrolysis are transported away. Therefore, the membrane 4 should be intact at its falling voltage signal initially constant for a short time before decay begins. If it is faulty Membrane 4, for example due to hole formation, should However, voltage immediately after switching on the power supply subside, so that an intact analysis unit 30 is distinguishable from a defective membrane 4.
- the laxation systems 18 and 22 a sensor 32 for each membrane 4 for determination switched to a gas purity.
- the sensors 32 are also connected to the analysis unit 30.
- Reliable cooling of the electrolysis device 1 in their operation is by choosing a suitable water flow rate ensured by the membrane electrolysis cells 2.
- the electrolysis device serves as the cooling medium 1 supplied medium to be moved.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1
- eine Elektrolysevorrichtung im Längsschnitt,
- Figur 2
- die Elektrolysevorrichtung im Querschnitt, und
- Figur 3
- schematisch eine Begasungsvorrichtung für ein Teilsystem einer technischen Anlage.
Claims (8)
- Elektrolysevorrichtung (1) mit einer Anzahl von Membranelektrolysezellen (2), von denen jede eine beidseitig mit einer Kontaktschicht versehene Membran (4) umfaßt, wobei an jeder Kontaktschicht jeweils eine Kontaktplatte (5) angeordnet ist, und wobei jede Kontaktplatte (5) auf ihrer der ihr zugeordneten Kontaktschicht zugewandten Oberfläche ein Kanalsystem (14) zum Transport von Wasser und/oder Gas aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kontaktschichten jeder Membran (4) elektrisch mit einer Analyseeinheit (30) verbunden sind, die nach einer Abschaltung der Stromversorgung einer Membran (4) das zeitliche Verhalten der an dieser Membran (4) abfallenden Spannung ermittelt.
- Elektrolysevorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1, bei der das Kanalsystem jeder Kontaktplatte (5) in Form konzentrischer Kreissegmente ausgebildet ist.
- Elektrolysevorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei der die Membranelektrolysezellen (2) elektrisch in Reihe geschaltet sind.
- Elektrolysevorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, bei der zwischen jeder Kontaktschicht und der ihr jeweils zugeordneten Kontaktplatte (5) eine poröse Leiterplatte (6) angeordnet ist.
- Elektrolysevorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, bei der die Kanalsysteme (5) der zu beiden Seiten einer Membran (4) angeordneten Kontaktplatten (5) unabhängig voneinander mit einem Medium, insbesondere mit Wasser oder Deionat, bespeisbar sind.
- Elektrolysevorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, deren Membranelektrolysezellen (2) stapelförmig innerhalb eines Gehäuses (8) angeordnet sind, das an jeder Stirnseite (10) jeweils ein Feststellelement (12) zum Verspannen der Membranelektrolysezellen (2) miteinander aufweist.
- Elektrolysevorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, bei der die Analyseeinheit (30) bei abgeschalteter Stromversorgung einer Membran (4) die Abklingzeit eines Spannungssignals dieser Membran ermittelt.
- Elektrolysevorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, bei der an die Analyseeinheit (30) ein Sensor zur Ermittlung einer Gasreinheit angeschlossen ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19729429A DE19729429C1 (de) | 1997-07-09 | 1997-07-09 | Elektrolysevorrichtung |
DE19729429 | 1997-07-09 | ||
PCT/DE1998/001770 WO1999002761A1 (de) | 1997-07-09 | 1998-06-26 | Elektrolysevorrichtung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0932708A1 EP0932708A1 (de) | 1999-08-04 |
EP0932708B1 true EP0932708B1 (de) | 2001-12-05 |
Family
ID=7835188
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98941241A Expired - Lifetime EP0932708B1 (de) | 1997-07-09 | 1998-06-26 | Elektrolysevorrichtung |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | USRE38066E1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0932708B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3748896B2 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19729429C1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2167922T3 (de) |
TW (1) | TW495562B (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999002761A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20040140202A1 (en) * | 2003-01-17 | 2004-07-22 | Framatome Anp Gmbh | Electrolysis unit |
US20080296904A1 (en) * | 2007-05-29 | 2008-12-04 | Nasik Elahi | System for capturing energy from a moving fluid |
US20110017607A1 (en) * | 2009-07-22 | 2011-01-27 | Green On Demand, LLP (G.O.D.) | On demand hydrogen production unit and method for the on demand production of hydrogen |
US8147661B2 (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2012-04-03 | Green On Demand Gmbh | Unit for the electrolysis of water |
US20110147204A1 (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2011-06-23 | Green On Demand, LLP (G.O.D.) | Apparatus for on demand production of hydrogen by electrolysis of water |
EP2985096B1 (de) | 2014-08-14 | 2016-11-02 | Melicon GmbH | Gasdiffusionselektrode |
US11319635B2 (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2022-05-03 | Tokuyama Corporation | Electrolysis vessel for alkaline water electrolysis |
EP3982501A1 (de) | 2020-10-12 | 2022-04-13 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Betreiben einer elektrolysevorrichtung |
DE102022206878A1 (de) | 2022-07-06 | 2024-01-11 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Betreiben einer eine Mehrzahl von Elektrolysezellen aufweisenden Elektrolysevorrichtung |
DE102022206877A1 (de) | 2022-07-06 | 2024-01-11 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Betreiben einer Elektrolysezelle |
DE102022130553A1 (de) | 2022-11-18 | 2024-05-23 | Melicon Gmbh | Gasdiffusionselektrode, Membran-Elektroden-Anordnung und Elektrolysevorrichtung |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4056452A (en) * | 1976-02-26 | 1977-11-01 | Billings Energy Research Corporation | Electrolysis apparatus |
US4247376A (en) * | 1979-01-02 | 1981-01-27 | General Electric Company | Current collecting/flow distributing, separator plate for chloride electrolysis cells utilizing ion transporting barrier membranes |
US4210512A (en) * | 1979-01-08 | 1980-07-01 | General Electric Company | Electrolysis cell with controlled anolyte flow distribution |
US4210511A (en) * | 1979-03-08 | 1980-07-01 | Billings Energy Corporation | Electrolyzer apparatus and electrode structure therefor |
JPS5693883A (en) * | 1979-12-27 | 1981-07-29 | Permelec Electrode Ltd | Electrolytic apparatus using solid polymer electrolyte diaphragm and preparation thereof |
US4331523A (en) * | 1980-03-31 | 1982-05-25 | Showa Denko Kk | Method for electrolyzing water or aqueous solutions |
US5186806A (en) * | 1990-12-31 | 1993-02-16 | California Institute Of Technology | Ceramic distribution members for solid state electrolyte cells and method of producing |
US5460705A (en) * | 1993-07-13 | 1995-10-24 | Lynntech, Inc. | Method and apparatus for electrochemical production of ozone |
-
1997
- 1997-07-09 DE DE19729429A patent/DE19729429C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-05-20 TW TW087107792A patent/TW495562B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-26 ES ES98941241T patent/ES2167922T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-26 DE DE59802319T patent/DE59802319D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-26 EP EP98941241A patent/EP0932708B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-26 JP JP50797399A patent/JP3748896B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-06-26 WO PCT/DE1998/001770 patent/WO1999002761A1/de active IP Right Grant
-
2001
- 2001-01-17 US US09/761,237 patent/USRE38066E1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1999002761A1 (de) | 1999-01-21 |
JP3748896B2 (ja) | 2006-02-22 |
EP0932708A1 (de) | 1999-08-04 |
TW495562B (en) | 2002-07-21 |
DE19729429C1 (de) | 1999-01-14 |
JP2001500194A (ja) | 2001-01-09 |
DE59802319D1 (de) | 2002-01-17 |
USRE38066E1 (en) | 2003-04-08 |
ES2167922T3 (es) | 2002-05-16 |
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