WO2023011714A9 - Vorrichtung zum elektrolytischen erzeugen von gas - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zum elektrolytischen erzeugen von gas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023011714A9 WO2023011714A9 PCT/EP2021/071805 EP2021071805W WO2023011714A9 WO 2023011714 A9 WO2023011714 A9 WO 2023011714A9 EP 2021071805 W EP2021071805 W EP 2021071805W WO 2023011714 A9 WO2023011714 A9 WO 2023011714A9
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- stacks
- stack
- channel
- series
- electrolysis cells
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005226 mechanical processes and functions Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000784732 Lycaena phlaeas Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
- C25B15/083—Separating products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/07—Common duct cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/13—Single electrolytic cells with circulation of an electrolyte
- C25B9/15—Flow-through cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
- C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
- C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
- C25B9/77—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having diaphragms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for electrolytically producing gas, in particular for producing hydrogen and oxygen from water.
- electrolysis devices are part of the state of the art and consist of a large number of electrolysis cells arranged in stacks and connected in series.
- the stacks are interspersed with channels through which the reactant and the cooling medium, which is usually also required, are supplied, these channels passing through the stack usually running perpendicularly or approximately perpendicularly, i.e. obliquely, to the electrolysis cells and connecting each individual electrolysis cell through channels, i.e. with the reactant and optionally supply a cooling medium, remove the cooling medium again and are intended for the removal of the reaction products.
- Such electrolysis cells built into cell stacks can be alkaline electrolysis cells, PEM electrolysis cells, high-temperature electrolysis cells, AEM electrolysis cells or the like.
- These electrolytic cells which are electrically connected in series and arranged in stacks, have proven to be effective because the cells do not have to be supplied with voltage individually, but only the stack as a whole, so that the same current flows through each individual cell.
- the performance of such a stack depends not only on the area of the electrolytic cells, but also also depends on their number. However, the higher the number in a stack, the higher the voltage to be applied to it. Efforts are always made to keep the energy density in such electrolysis devices high in order to improve the effectiveness and size.
- a problem when applying such a high voltage is that the distilled water supplied via the channels has an extremely low electrical conductivity, which is, however, not negligible at these voltages; it is 0.055 S/cm corresponding to 5x10 -6 S/m. It must therefore be ensured via correspondingly long cable paths that the electrical connection of the end plates of both cell stacks, via which the feed takes place, which is associated with the series connection of the cell stacks, is of such a high resistance that surface changes due to electrooxidation due to the potential difference can be reliably excluded, even over a long period of time can. On the other hand, however, long pipe routes are unfavorable because they enlarge the system, thereby increasing the flow resistance and can also be detrimental to the purity of the water flowing through.
- the invention is based on the object of developing a device for the electrolytic production of gas of the specified type.
- the above-mentioned design should be designed in such a way that the aforementioned problems are avoided.
- the device according to the invention for electrolytically generating gas, in particular hydrogen and oxygen from water has a plurality of electrolysis cells arranged in stacks and connected in series with at least one channel running perpendicularly or obliquely to the electrolysis cells for supplying a reactant and / or a cooling medium.
- the channel between two electrolysis cells connected directly in series is connected to a feed line supplying the reactants and/or the cooling medium.
- the basic idea of the present invention is to allow the feed of the reactant and/or the cooling medium, in particular the water, to take place between two electrolysis cells connected directly in series in order to ensure that the same potential is present there in order to achieve the otherwise required to avoid long cable paths and, despite the compact design, to ensure that there are no potential differences in the area where the stack is fed.
- the feed can either take place in the middle of a stack or by means of the end plates of two Stacks, whereby the feed is carried out in such a way that the same potential is applied to each of the two end plates at which the feed takes place, ie that the electrolysis cells connected to the end plates are subjected to the same electrical potential.
- the device according to the invention is preferably formed from series-connected electrolysis cells of the PEM type, which are clamped between end plates to form stacks, as are advantageously used for the electrolytic production of hydrogen and oxygen from water.
- the present invention is not limited to this type; the cells mentioned in the introduction or other cells can also be used, and other reactants with other reaction products can also be used.
- the two cell stacks connected in series are arranged next to one another in such a way that their channel connections are also arranged on the same side. This results in short paths for the channel connections to be connected to the feed line or the discharge lines, and on the other hand a short electrical connection in order to connect the two stacks in series and finally the electrical connections which are advantageously arranged close to the other side of the stacks.
- the stacks are typically not only traversed by a channel for supplying the reactant and/or for supplying the cooling medium, but also expediently also have at least one channel for removing a reaction product, for example hydrogen, and another channel for removing the other Reaction product, for example oxygen and to remove the cooling medium. It goes without saying that it is structurally particularly advantageous if all of these channel connections are provided on one side of the respective cell stack, preferably on an end plate, so that the connections are also next to one another on one side of both cell stacks when cell stacks are located next to one another.
- each cell stack is clamped between end plates and these end plates are arranged electrically insulated from the electrolysis cells. This significantly reduces the risk of short circuits within the device.
- the end plates are then advantageously connected to the ground potential, so that a voltage is only present between the clamped electrolysis cells.
- the respective stack-passing channels for reactant supply are led out on two cell stacks arranged next to one another and electrically connected in series and connected to a common feed line. It goes without saying that the channels for removing the product gas and the channels for removing the excess reactant, in particular the cooling medium, are also advantageously brought together in the same way.
- the stacks are advantageously constructed and arranged in such a way that they have opposite polarity have, that is, that in one stack the end plate, via which the channel connections are made, rests on the positive side of the first or last electrolysis cell, while in the neighboring stack this end plate rests on the negative side of the first or last electrolysis cell of this stack.
- each cell stack has at least one channel for water supply, at least one channel for water removal and oxygen removal and at least one channel for hydrogen removal, and these channels advantageously through one common end plate are connected and cable-connected.
- the principle according to the invention can also advantageously be implemented in that the two stacks connected in series form a common stack and are clamped between two end plates, which only have mechanical functions, with a connection plate then being provided in the middle between the stacks, via which at least one reactant feed, but preferably all fluid connections of the entire stack, are arranged there.
- the device according to the invention for electrolytically generating gas is advantageously constructed from PEM-type electrolysis cells and thus hydrogen and oxygen are generated from pure water.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of two electrically connected electrolysis stacks according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment according to the invention in the illustration according to FIG. 1,
- FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment variant of the invention in the illustration according to FIG. 1,
- FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment variant according to the invention in the illustration according to FIG. 1,
- FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of two cell stacks of a first embodiment variant according to the invention
- FIG. 6 is a front view of the cell stacks according to FIG. 5,
- FIG. 7 is a side view of the cell stack according to FIG. 5,
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of two cell stacks with a common end plate according to a second embodiment variant of the invention
- 9 is a front view of the stacking arrangement according to FIG. 8,
- Fig. 10 is a side view of the stacking arrangement according to Figure 8.
- Fig. 11 shows a section through one of the cell stacks according to Fig. 6 in a perspective view.
- an electrolysis device which is constructed from two stacks of electrolysis cells, so-called stacks 1.
- Each stack 1 has a number of electrolysis cells 2 of the PEM (polymer electrolyte membrane) type.
- PEM polymer electrolyte membrane
- the electrolysis cells 2 are stacked with bipolar plates arranged in between to form a stack and are provided at the ends of the cells 2 with an electrical connection plate 3 on one side of the stack and a connection plate 4 on the other side of the stack.
- the electrolysis cells 2 are connected in series between the connection plates 3 and 4, on the side of the connection plates 3 and 4 facing away from the cells 2, insulating plates 5 are arranged, to which end plates 6 and 7 connect, between which the stack 1 of electrolysis cells 2 is mechanically clamped .
- the required mechanical tension is typically applied by a number of bolts passing through the stack 1, which are clamped on the outside of the end plates 6 and 7.
- the end plate 7 on one side of the stack 1 serves exclusively for mechanical fastening, whereas the end plate 6, in addition to the mechanical fastening, also has connections s, 9 and 10, which supply or dispose of the individual electrolysis cells 2 via channels passing through the stack.
- the connection 8 is intended for the supply of the reactant water. Water is supplied in excess and also serves as a cooling medium.
- the product gas hydrogen is drained from the stack 1 via connection 9.
- the connection 10 is provided for discharging the product gas oxygen and the cooling medium, ie the excess water.
- Such a stack structure has proven successful; the number of electrolysis cells 2 is selected so that a maximum voltage of 750 volts can be applied between the connection plates 3 and 4.
- an electrolysis device as in the present case, is constructed from two stacks 1 connected in series, as shown in FIG. 1, the positive pole is located on the connection plate 3 of the stack 1 on the left in FIG. 1 and on the connection plate 4 of the right stack 1, the negative pole of the device, the connection plate 4 of the left stack 1 and the connection plate 3 of the right stack 1 are connected to one another by an electrical line 1 1.
- the device is therefore designed to be operated with a maximum voltage of 1,500 volts, so that it can be operated in accordance with low-voltage guidelines.
- the structure can be designed for any desired voltage, be it that the number of electrolysis cells 2 in the stack 1 is increased or reduced or that more stacks 1 are connected to one another.
- the channel connections are not shown in detail. Only the basic principle of the stacks 1 connected in series is shown here, in which two stacks 1 are constructed in reverse polarization, so that when they are connected through the line 11 it is ensured that the same potential is present at the channel connections 8 of the two stacks 1.
- the line connections between a feed line 12, not shown in Figure 1, which carries pure water and supplies it to the stacks 1 at the connections 8 as a reactant and as a cooling medium, can be made as short as possible.
- the electrical resistance of the pure water resulting from the length of the line does not have to be taken into account in this arrangement, since all connections Conclusions 8 to 10 in which stacks 1 are subjected to the same electrical potential.
- the line connection 1 1 of two stacks 1, which is advantageous in itself, can be realized, as shown in FIG.
- the two stacks 1 are arranged in such a way that their connecting end plates 6 are arranged on one side and the end plates 7, which only act mechanically, are arranged on the other side.
- This makes it possible to make the line connection between a common feed line 12 for supplying the pure water to the connections 8 of the stacks 1 comparatively short, without running the risk that electrooxidation or other electrolytic processes can be triggered by potential differences in this area .
- the connections 9 for removing the product gas hydrogen can be brought together in the same way, as can the connections 10 through which the excess water and the product gas oxygen are removed.
- FIG. 4 Based on Figure 4, a further embodiment variant is shown, which follows the principle described in the introduction, that the water connection 8 is fed into the two stacks 1 in such a way that the electrolysis cells 2 that are first charged are assigned the same electrical potential, i.e. no There is a voltage difference in this area.
- the electrolysis device shown in Figure 4 basically also consists of two stacks 1a and 1b, which are connected to one another with the interposition of a connection plate 6b.
- the two stacks 1 a and 1 b are clamped via two end plates 7, both of which only perform mechanical tasks and are insulated from the electrolytic cells 2 of the stacks 1 a and 1 b via insulating plates 5.
- the connection plates 3 and 4 are arranged here near the end plates 7, but on different end sides of the two stacks 1a and 1b.
- Figures 5 to 7 show an embodiment variant corresponding to Figure 2, in which two identically constructed stacks 1 are arranged next to one another, with the electrolysis cells 2 in the individual stacks being arranged the other way round, ie with opposite polarity.
- the mechanical end plates 7 are arranged here on the underside of the stacks 1, whereas the end plates 6 carrying the connections 8 to 10 are on the top. It is clearly visible how the connections 8, 9 and 10 are led out of the respective stacks from the end plates 7 towards the back or upwards, so that they can be connected to one another in the shortest possible way to form a common line.
- FIGS. 8 to 10 corresponds to the embodiment according to FIG. 3, ie there are two stacks 1 provided with a common connection plate 6a.
- the line connections between the connections 8, 9 and 10 to the feed line 12 or to the outgoing lines 15 and 16 can be clearly seen. It is an extremely compact design with short cable connections, which ensure highly effective operation.
- the connection plates 3 and 4 are led out via tongues 3a and 4a on the front of the respective stack.
- FIG. 11 The internal structure of a stack 1 can be seen from Figure 11.
- the channel 18, which runs perpendicular to the cell stack 1 and is used to supply the pure water, can be seen.
- This channel 18 is supplied with water via the feed line 12 connected to connection 8.
- the product gas oxygen and the excess water, which serves as a cooling medium, enters the channel 20 and there to the connection 10, where it is discharged via a line 16.
- the channel for the product gas hydrogen cannot be seen in Figure 11; it runs parallel to the channels 18 and 20.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202180101096.9A CN117836470A (zh) | 2021-08-04 | 2021-08-04 | 用于电解制气的装置 |
PCT/EP2021/071805 WO2023011714A1 (de) | 2021-08-04 | 2021-08-04 | Vorrichtung zum elektrolytischen erzeugen von gas |
CA3227579A CA3227579A1 (en) | 2021-08-04 | 2021-08-04 | Device for the electrolytic production of gas |
AU2021458800A AU2021458800A1 (en) | 2021-08-04 | 2021-08-04 | Device for the electrolytic production of gas |
KR1020247005020A KR20240035839A (ko) | 2021-08-04 | 2021-08-04 | 가스의 전기분해 생성을 위한 장치 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2021/071805 WO2023011714A1 (de) | 2021-08-04 | 2021-08-04 | Vorrichtung zum elektrolytischen erzeugen von gas |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2023011714A1 WO2023011714A1 (de) | 2023-02-09 |
WO2023011714A9 true WO2023011714A9 (de) | 2024-03-21 |
Family
ID=77543474
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2021/071805 WO2023011714A1 (de) | 2021-08-04 | 2021-08-04 | Vorrichtung zum elektrolytischen erzeugen von gas |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
KR (1) | KR20240035839A (de) |
CN (1) | CN117836470A (de) |
AU (1) | AU2021458800A1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA3227579A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2023011714A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT525448B1 (de) * | 2022-06-27 | 2023-04-15 | H2i GreenHydrogen GmbH | Anschlusseinheit für Zellstapel |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6613470B1 (en) * | 1999-09-01 | 2003-09-02 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack |
US6653008B1 (en) * | 1999-10-08 | 2003-11-25 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell apparatus |
WO2011074032A1 (ja) * | 2009-12-16 | 2011-06-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池 |
DE102017108440A1 (de) * | 2017-04-20 | 2018-10-25 | H-Tec Systems Gmbh | Elektrochemievorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Elektrochemievorrichtung |
EP3489393A1 (de) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-05-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verbindungselement zum elektrischen und mechanischen verbinden zweier elektrolysezellenstapel und elektrolysevorrichtung |
WO2019228616A1 (de) | 2018-05-29 | 2019-12-05 | Hoeller Electrolyzer Gmbh | Pem-zellstapel |
DE102019103555A1 (de) * | 2019-02-13 | 2020-08-13 | Proton Motor Fuel Cell Gmbh | Brennstoffzellenanordnung mit verbesserter Medienführung |
DE102019110317A1 (de) * | 2019-04-18 | 2020-10-22 | e.Go REX GmbH | Modulares Range-Extender-System für ein elektrisch angetriebenes Kraftfahrzeug und elektrisch angetriebenes Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Range-Extender |
-
2021
- 2021-08-04 WO PCT/EP2021/071805 patent/WO2023011714A1/de active Application Filing
- 2021-08-04 AU AU2021458800A patent/AU2021458800A1/en active Pending
- 2021-08-04 CA CA3227579A patent/CA3227579A1/en active Pending
- 2021-08-04 CN CN202180101096.9A patent/CN117836470A/zh active Pending
- 2021-08-04 KR KR1020247005020A patent/KR20240035839A/ko unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2021458800A1 (en) | 2024-03-07 |
KR20240035839A (ko) | 2024-03-18 |
CA3227579A1 (en) | 2023-02-09 |
CN117836470A (zh) | 2024-04-05 |
WO2023011714A1 (de) | 2023-02-09 |
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