EP0932708B1 - Electrolysis device - Google Patents

Electrolysis device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0932708B1
EP0932708B1 EP98941241A EP98941241A EP0932708B1 EP 0932708 B1 EP0932708 B1 EP 0932708B1 EP 98941241 A EP98941241 A EP 98941241A EP 98941241 A EP98941241 A EP 98941241A EP 0932708 B1 EP0932708 B1 EP 0932708B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
membrane
electrolysis
contact
contact layer
electrolysis apparatus
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EP98941241A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0932708A1 (en
Inventor
Anwer Puthawala
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Areva GmbH
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Framatome ANP GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
    • C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
    • C25B9/77—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having diaphragms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrolysis device with a Number of membrane electrolysis cells, each one comprises a membrane provided on both sides with a contact layer, a contact plate being arranged on each contact layer is, and with each contact plate on its own associated surface facing a channel system for transporting water and / or gas.
  • an electrolysis device In an electrolysis device, a medium is applied a supply voltage between an anode and a cathode decomposed electrolytically. When using water as Medium forms hydrogen and oxygen.
  • a Such electrolysis device can thus be tailored to the needs Generation of hydrogen and / or oxygen used become.
  • an electrolysis device for the need-based fumigation of the primary cooling circuit Pressurized water reactor can be provided with hydrogen.
  • An electrolysis device can act as a membrane electrolyzer be trained.
  • the electrolysis device comprises a number of membrane electrolysis cells in which the principle of operation a fuel cell is reversed.
  • the principle of operation a fuel cell is, for example, in the Article "Fuel cells for electrical traction", K. Straßer, VDI reports, No. 912 (1992), pages 125ff.
  • a membrane electrolysis cell In such a membrane electrolysis cell, this is used as the medium provided water one between the anode and the cathode arranged membrane, in particular one as an electrolyte provided cation exchange membrane.
  • the membrane is usually on both sides with one Provided contact layer, the first contact layer as Anode and the second contact layer serves as a cathode.
  • a Such membrane electrolysis cell is characterized by a particularly compact design, so that an electrolysis unit with a number of membrane electrolysis cells on particular narrow space can be accommodated.
  • an electrolysis device for the use of an electrolysis device as a hydrogen generator in the industrial area or in the power plant area is an interpretation of their production capacity with regard on the underlying need for hydrogen. It can be used especially for applications with comparative high hydrogen demand in terms of structural Advantages desirable design of the electrolysis device be unsuitable as a membrane electrolyzer.
  • a membrane electrolyzer is designed Electrolysis device known on each contact layer one contact plate each with a channel system for transporting water and / or gas. At this However, if one of the electrolytic cells fails, the device for example as a result of damage to the membrane, troubleshooting is particularly time-consuming and possibly with a longer downtime of the device as a whole.
  • the object of the invention is therefore an electrolysis device of the type mentioned above, the compact Construction, in particular if one of the membrane electrolysis cells fails a particularly reliable and fast troubleshooting enables.
  • This object is achieved in that the Contact layers of each membrane electrically with one Analysis unit are connected after a shutdown the power supply of a membrane the temporal behavior of the voltage dropping across this membrane is determined.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that a too membrane electrolyser suitable for high hydrogen production rates a number of membrane electrolysis cells with special should have large-sized membranes. Even with such a dimensioning of the membranes should supply the membranes with reliable feed decomposing medium, especially with water his. This is for each membrane of the electrolysis device a reliable and also suitable for large area membranes Transport system for the medium and also for the im Electrolysis process generated gas provided.
  • a special one compact design can be achieved by using the transport system in the for electrical contacting of the membranes attached electrodes provided contact plates is integrated.
  • each contact plate is preferably in shape concentric segments of a circle.
  • Duct system a particularly cheap and reliable feeding accessible to all active areas of a membrane.
  • the Membrane electrolysis cells are expediently electrical connected in series.
  • each contact layer and the contact plate there is between each contact layer and the contact plate assigned to each one porous circuit board arranged.
  • a porous circuit board which can be made of titanium, for example, provides reliable electrical contact on the one hand between the contact layer and the associated contact plate forth, on the other hand an unobstructed passage the medium to be decomposed to the membrane and the electrolytic generated gas guaranteed in the channel system is.
  • the porous circuit board also favors the Distribution of the supplied medium on the membrane.
  • the channel systems are in a further advantageous embodiment the contact plates arranged on both sides of a membrane independently of one another with a medium, in particular with Water or deionized water, feedable.
  • a medium in particular with Water or deionized water
  • the electrolysis device is therefore special flexible use. For example, such Arrangement the contact layer of the membrane provided as the cathode with in the primary circuit of a nuclear plant Coolant can be fed, whereas that provided as an anode Contact layer of the membrane deionized can be supplied.
  • Such an electrolysis device is thus than directly into the coolant circuit of a nuclear Plant integrated hydrogen generator for the reactor coolant applicable.
  • the duct systems of the one on both sides Membrane arranged contact plates are expedient connected to separate gas discharge system.
  • the electrolysis device For a particularly reliable power line within the The electrolysis device are the membrane electrolysis cells expediently arranged in a stack in a housing, with the housing on each end face Locking element for tensioning the membrane electrolysis cells with each other. Adjacent membrane electrolysis cells are flat against each other by means of the locking elements compressible, so that a particularly reliable conductive connection between each contact layer and the one assigned to it Contact plate is guaranteed.
  • the analysis unit is also designed such that the membrane is powered off Cooldown of a voltage signal of this membrane is determined.
  • the analysis unit is a Sensor connected to determine gas cleanliness. Out the statement about the decay time of a membrane together with the statement about gas purity is particularly simple Way a forecast of future operational security derivable from the respective membrane.
  • the electrolysis device is therefore also in the event of malfunctions single membrane electrolysis cell particularly reliable operable. A defective membrane electrolysis cell can be short-circuited so that they no longer contribute to Gas production does, with the functionality more intact Membrane electrolysis cells are not affected.
  • the advantages achieved with the invention are in particular in that provided by the contact plates Channel systems a reliable and large-area supply of the medium to be decomposed electrolytically to the membranes particularly compact design is guaranteed.
  • the membrane electrolysis cells can be operated independently of each other, so that even if individual membrane electrolysis cells fail the functionality of the electrolysis device is maintained.
  • the intended analysis unit is a defective membrane electrolysis cell also detectable in a particularly simple manner. At Any malfunctions that occur are thus the decoupling of one defective membrane electrolysis cell in a particularly simple manner possible, the operation of the electrolysis device with the maintain remaining intact membrane electrolysis cells can be.
  • the electrolysis device 1 according to FIG. 1 is a membrane electrolyzer trained and includes a number of electrical membrane electrolysis cells connected in series 2.
  • Im Embodiment according to Figure 1 are four in a row switched membrane electrolysis cells 2 shown; it can but also any other number of membrane electrolysis cells 2 may be provided.
  • Each membrane electrolysis cell 2 has a membrane designed as a cation exchange membrane 4 as an electrolyte for water as a medium to be decomposed on.
  • the membrane 4 of each membrane electrolysis cell 2 is on both sides each with a contact layer, not shown Mistake.
  • the two contact layers of a membrane 4 serve as electrodes during the electrolysis process.
  • In the embodiment is the contact layer provided as the cathode each membrane 4 is formed from platinum.
  • the contact layer of each membrane 4, however, is in the The main thing is from iridium.
  • each contact plate On each contact layer of each membrane 4 5 arranged. Every contact layer is included the associated contact plate 5 via a porous Printed circuit board 6 electrically connected.
  • the porous circuit board 6, which can be made for example on a titanium basis each time between the contact layer and that assigned to it Contact plate 5 arranged.
  • Each of a membrane 4, two circuit boards 6 and two contact plates 5 formed membrane electrolysis cells 2nd are arranged in a stack in a housing 8. Neighbors Contact plates 5 different membrane electrolysis cells 2 are electrically separated from each other by one Insulator plate 9 separated. The series connection of the Membrane electrolysis cells 2 are not closer by external line system shown causes. Alternatively can adjacent contact plates 5 different membrane electrolysis cells 2 also in direct electrical contact stand together or be made in one piece.
  • the Housing 8 has on its face 10 each as Locking element 12 provided screw for bracing the Membrane electrolysis cells 2 with each other.
  • Each contact plate 5 is, as in Figure 2 based on the cross-section shown electrolysis device 1, formed approximately circular and points to her associated surface facing a channel system 14 on.
  • the channel system 14 is in the respective Contact plate 5 protruding depressions formed in Shape of concentric circle segments on the surface of the respective Contact plate 5 are arranged.
  • the channel system 14 each contact plate 5 is for the transport of electrolytic medium to be decomposed is provided for the respective membrane 4.
  • the channel system 14 of each contact plate 5 is included connected to a feed system for an electrolysis medium.
  • the electrolysis device 1 is designed such that that the channel systems 14 on both sides of a membrane 4th arranged contact plates 5 independently of one another Medium can be fed.
  • the medium or a gas released during the electrolysis from the sewer systems 14 of the contact plates arranged on both sides of a membrane 4 5 can be removed independently of one another.
  • the Channel systems 14 of all contact plates 5, one as a cathode provided contact layer are assigned to a membrane 4, on the input side to a common feed system 16 and on the output side connected to a common drainage system 18.
  • the channel systems 14 of those contact plates 5, the one Assigned as an anode contact layer of a membrane 4 assigned are, on the other hand, are on the input side to one of the feed system 16 independent feed system 20 and on the output side a discharge system 22 which is independent of the discharge system 18.
  • the feed is the contact layers provided as cathodes with another Electrolysis medium as that for feeding the as Contact layers provided on anodes used electrolysis medium possible.
  • the electrolysis device 1 is therefore special flexible use. For example, the electrolysis device 1 directly into a coolant circuit Nuclear plant to be integrated, being the cathodes provided contact layers directly with reactor coolant be fed as an electrolysis medium, and with that Reactor coolant enriched with hydrogen from electrolysis directly into the coolant circuit of the nuclear facility is returned.
  • the contact layers provided as the anode can be fed with deionized water.
  • deionized water When operating a Such an arranged electrolysis device 1 Deionate feedable anodes with a higher operating pressure acted upon as those charged with reactor coolant Cathodes. So even in the event of a diaphragm rupture or one Leakage releases reactor coolant to the environment safely avoided.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a gassing system 28 for a technical system, in particular for the primary circuit of a Pressurized water reactor, shown.
  • the gassing system 28 includes as a hydrogen generator, the electrolysis device 1, their feed and discharge systems 16, 18, 20, 22 in no more detail shown connected to the technical system are.
  • the electrolysis device 1 also includes an analysis unit 30. The contact layers of each membrane are 4 electrically connected to the analysis unit 30.
  • the analysis unit 30 is designed to switch off the Power supply to a membrane 4 the decay time of a voltage signal to determine this membrane 4. From the cooldown of the voltage signal can then in the analysis unit 30 conclusions about the functionality of the respective Membrane 4 are pulled. If membrane 4 is intact, the respective membrane electrolysis cell 2 after switching off the power supply act briefly as a fuel cell, until the gases previously released by electrolysis are transported away. Therefore, the membrane 4 should be intact at its falling voltage signal initially constant for a short time before decay begins. If it is faulty Membrane 4, for example due to hole formation, should However, voltage immediately after switching on the power supply subside, so that an intact analysis unit 30 is distinguishable from a defective membrane 4.
  • the laxation systems 18 and 22 a sensor 32 for each membrane 4 for determination switched to a gas purity.
  • the sensors 32 are also connected to the analysis unit 30.
  • Reliable cooling of the electrolysis device 1 in their operation is by choosing a suitable water flow rate ensured by the membrane electrolysis cells 2.
  • the electrolysis device serves as the cooling medium 1 supplied medium to be moved.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Elektrolysevorrichtung mit einer Anzahl von Membranelektrolysezellen, von denen jede eine beidseitig mit einer Kontaktschicht versehene Membran umfaßt, wobei an jeder Kontaktschicht jeweils eine Kontaktplatte angeordnet ist, und wobei jede Kontaktplatte auf ihrer der ihr zugeordneten Kontaktschicht zugewandten Oberfläche ein Kanalsystem zum Transport von Wasser und/oder Gas aufweist.The invention relates to an electrolysis device with a Number of membrane electrolysis cells, each one comprises a membrane provided on both sides with a contact layer, a contact plate being arranged on each contact layer is, and with each contact plate on its own associated surface facing a channel system for transporting water and / or gas.

In einer Elektrolysevorrichtung wird ein Medium durch Anlegen einer Versorgungsspannung zwischen einer Anode und einer Kathode elektrolytisch zersetzt. Bei Verwendung von Wasser als Medium wird dabei Wasserstoff und Sauerstoff gebildet. Eine derartige Elektrolysevorrichtung kann somit zur bedarfsgerechten Erzeugung von Wasserstoff und/oder Sauerstoff eingesetzt werden. Beispielsweise kann eine Elektrolysevorrichtung zur bedarfsgerechten Begasung des Primärkühlkreislaufs eines Druckwasserreaktors mit Wasserstoff vorgesehen sein.In an electrolysis device, a medium is applied a supply voltage between an anode and a cathode decomposed electrolytically. When using water as Medium forms hydrogen and oxygen. A Such electrolysis device can thus be tailored to the needs Generation of hydrogen and / or oxygen used become. For example, an electrolysis device for the need-based fumigation of the primary cooling circuit Pressurized water reactor can be provided with hydrogen.

Eine Elektrolysevorrichtung kann als Membranelektrolyseur ausgebildet sein. Dabei umfaßt die Elektrolysevorrichtung eine Anzahl von Membranelektrolysezellen, bei denen das Funktionsprinzip einer Brennstoffzelle umgekehrt ist. Das Funktionsprinzip einer Brennstoffzelle ist beispielsweise in dem Aufsatz "Brennstoffzellen für Elektrotraktion", K. Straßer, VDI-Berichte, Nr. 912 (1992), Seiten 125ff., beschrieben.An electrolysis device can act as a membrane electrolyzer be trained. The electrolysis device comprises a number of membrane electrolysis cells in which the principle of operation a fuel cell is reversed. The principle of operation a fuel cell is, for example, in the Article "Fuel cells for electrical traction", K. Straßer, VDI reports, No. 912 (1992), pages 125ff.

Bei einer derartigen Membranelektrolysezelle wird das als Medium vorgesehene Wasser einer zwischen der Anode und der Kathode angeordneten Membran, insbesondere einer als Elektrolyt vorgesehenen Kationenaustauschermembran, zugeführt. Die Membran ist dabei üblicherweise beidseitig mit jeweils einer Kontaktschicht versehen, wobei die erste Kontaktschicht als Anode und die zweite Kontaktschicht als Kathode dient. Eine derartige Membranelektrolysezelle zeichnet sich durch eine besonders kompakte Bauweise aus, so daß eine Elektrolyseeinheit mit einer Anzahl von Membranelektrolysezellen auf besonders engem Raum untergebracht sein kann.In such a membrane electrolysis cell, this is used as the medium provided water one between the anode and the cathode arranged membrane, in particular one as an electrolyte provided cation exchange membrane. The membrane is usually on both sides with one Provided contact layer, the first contact layer as Anode and the second contact layer serves as a cathode. A Such membrane electrolysis cell is characterized by a particularly compact design, so that an electrolysis unit with a number of membrane electrolysis cells on particular narrow space can be accommodated.

Für die Verwendung einer Elektrolysevorrichtung als Wasserstoffgenerator im industriellen Bereich oder im Kraftwerksbereich ist eine Auslegung ihrer Produktionskapazität im Hinblick auf den zugrundeliegenden Bedarf an Wasserstoff erforderlich. Dabei kann insbesondere für Anwendungen mit vergleichsweise hohem Wasserstoffbedarf die im Hinblick auf bauliche Vorteile wünschenswerte Auslegung der Elektrolysevorrichtung als Membranelektrolyseur ungeeignet sein.For the use of an electrolysis device as a hydrogen generator in the industrial area or in the power plant area is an interpretation of their production capacity with regard on the underlying need for hydrogen. It can be used especially for applications with comparative high hydrogen demand in terms of structural Advantages desirable design of the electrolysis device be unsuitable as a membrane electrolyzer.

Aus der US-A-4 210 511 ist eine als Membranelektrolyseur ausgebildete Elektrolysevorrichtung bekannt, die an jeder Kontaktschicht jeweils eine Kontaktplatte mit einem Kanalsystem zum Transport von Wasser und/oder Gas aufweist. Bei dieser Vorrichtung ist jedoch bei Ausfall einer der Elektrolysezellen, beispielsweise infolge von Beschädigungen der Membran, eine Fehlersuche besonders aufwendig und möglicherweise mit einer längeren Stillstandszeit der Vorrichtung insgesamt verbunden.From US-A-4 210 511 a membrane electrolyzer is designed Electrolysis device known on each contact layer one contact plate each with a channel system for transporting water and / or gas. At this However, if one of the electrolytic cells fails, the device for example as a result of damage to the membrane, troubleshooting is particularly time-consuming and possibly with a longer downtime of the device as a whole.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe, eine Elektrolysevorrichtung der obengenannten Art anzugeben, die bei kompakter Bauweise insbesondere bei Ausfall einer der Membranelektrolysezellen eine besonders zuverlässige und schnelle Fehlersuche ermöglicht.The object of the invention is therefore an electrolysis device of the type mentioned above, the compact Construction, in particular if one of the membrane electrolysis cells fails a particularly reliable and fast troubleshooting enables.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Kontaktschichten jeder Membran elektrisch mit einer Analyseeinheit verbunden sind, die nach einer Abschaltung der Stromversorgung einer Membran das zeitliche Verhalten der an dieser Membran abfallenden Spannung ermittelt.This object is achieved in that the Contact layers of each membrane electrically with one Analysis unit are connected after a shutdown the power supply of a membrane the temporal behavior of the voltage dropping across this membrane is determined.

Die Erfindung geht dabei von der Überlegung aus, daß ein auch für hohe Wasserstoffproduktionsraten geeigneter Membranelektrolyseur eine Anzahl von Membranelektrolysezellen mit besonders großflächig dimensionierten Membranen aufweisen sollte. Auch bei einer derartigen Dimensionierung der Membranen sollte eine zuverlässige Bespeisung der Membranen mit dem zu zersetzenden Medium, insbesondere mit Wasser, gewährleistet sein. Dazu ist für jede Membran der Elektrolysevorrichtung ein zuverlässiges und auch für großflächige Membranen geeignetes Transportsystem für das Medium und auch für das im Elektrolyseprozeß generierte Gas vorgesehen. Eine besonders kompakte Bauweise ist dabei erreichbar, indem das Transportsystem in die zur elektrischen Kontaktierung der an den Membranen angebrachten Elektroden vorgesehenen Kontaktplatten integriert ist.The invention is based on the consideration that a too membrane electrolyser suitable for high hydrogen production rates a number of membrane electrolysis cells with special should have large-sized membranes. Even with such a dimensioning of the membranes should supply the membranes with reliable feed decomposing medium, especially with water his. This is for each membrane of the electrolysis device a reliable and also suitable for large area membranes Transport system for the medium and also for the im Electrolysis process generated gas provided. A special one compact design can be achieved by using the transport system in the for electrical contacting of the membranes attached electrodes provided contact plates is integrated.

Weiterhin liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, daß ein betriebsbedingter Ausfall einer Membranelektrolysezelle vergleichsweise häufig auf eine Beschädigung ihrer Membran, beispielsweise durch Lochbildung, zurückzuführen ist. Eine derartige Beschädigung einer Membran durch Lochbildung ist für eine zuverlässige und schnelle Fehlersuche auf besonders einfache Weise detektierbar, indem das zeitliche Verhalten der an der Membran abfallenden Spannung nach Abschaltung der Stromversorgung der Membran gemessen wird. In diesem Fall sollte sich nämlich die zu untersuchende Membranelektrolysezelle kurzzeitig wie eine Brennstoffzelle verhalten, da auf beiden Seiten der Membran noch Reste des zuvor generierten Wasserstoffs bzw. Sauerstoffs vorhanden sind. Bei intakter Membran sollte daher die über die Membran abfallende Spannung kurzzeitig konstant bleiben, bevor das Spannungssignal abklingt. Falls die Membran hingegen beschädigt ist, setzt das Abklingen des Spannungssignals vergleichsweise früher ein. Über die Ermittlung der Abklingzeit des Spannungssignals ist somit ein Rückschluß auf den Zustand der Membran möglich. Somit ist eine defekte Membranelektrolysezelle auf besonders einfache Weise identifizierbar.Furthermore, it is based on the knowledge that an operational Failure of a membrane electrolysis cell comparatively often for damage to their membrane, for example through hole formation. Such damage a membrane through hole formation is reliable and quick troubleshooting in a particularly simple way detectable by the temporal behavior of the membrane falling voltage after switching off the power supply the membrane is measured. In this case, should namely the membrane electrolysis cell to be examined for a short time behave like a fuel cell because on both sides remains of the previously generated hydrogen in the membrane or oxygen are present. If the membrane is intact hence the voltage drop across the membrane for a short time remain constant before the voltage signal decays. If the membrane is damaged, however, the decay of the Voltage signal comparatively earlier. About the investigation the decay time of the voltage signal is thus a It is possible to draw conclusions about the condition of the membrane. So is a defective membrane electrolysis cell on particularly simple Way identifiable.

Vorzugsweise ist das Kanalsystem jeder Kontaktplatte in Form konzentrischer Kreissegmente ausgebildet. Wie sich herausgestellt hat, ist nämlich bei einer derartigen Anordnung des Kanalsystems eine besonders günstige und zuverlässige Bespeisung aller aktiven Bereiche einer Membran erreichbar. Die Membranelektrolysezellen sind dabei zweckmäßigerweise elektrisch in Reihe geschaltet.The channel system of each contact plate is preferably in shape concentric segments of a circle. As it turns out has, namely in such an arrangement of Duct system a particularly cheap and reliable feeding accessible to all active areas of a membrane. The Membrane electrolysis cells are expediently electrical connected in series.

In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung ist zwischen jeder Kontaktschicht und der ihr jeweils zugeordneten Kontaktplatte eine poröse Leiterplatte angeordnet. Eine derartige poröse Leiterplatte, die beispielsweise aus Titan gebildet sein kann, stellt einerseits einen zuverlässigen elektrischen Kontakt zwischen der Kontaktschicht und der ihr zugeordneten Kontaktplatte her, wobei andererseits ein ungehinderter Durchtritt des zu zersetzenden Mediums an die Membran sowie des elektrolytisch generierten Gases in das Kanalsystem gewährleistet ist. Die poröse Leiterplatte begünstigt dabei zusätzlich die Verteilung des zugeführten Mediums auf der Membran.In an advantageous embodiment, there is between each contact layer and the contact plate assigned to each one porous circuit board arranged. Such a porous circuit board, which can be made of titanium, for example, provides reliable electrical contact on the one hand between the contact layer and the associated contact plate forth, on the other hand an unobstructed passage the medium to be decomposed to the membrane and the electrolytic generated gas guaranteed in the channel system is. The porous circuit board also favors the Distribution of the supplied medium on the membrane.

In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung sind die Kanalsysteme der zu beiden Seiten einer Membran angeordneten Kontaktplatten unabhängig voneinander mit einem Medium, insbesondere mit Wasser oder Deionat, bespeisbar. Bei einer derartigen Anordnung ist derjenigen Kontaktschicht der Membran, die als Anode für den Elektrolyseprozeß vorgesehen ist, ein anderes Medium zuführbar als derjenigen Kontaktschicht, die als Kathode vorgesehen ist. Die Elektrolysevorrichtung ist somit besonders flexibel einsetzbar. Beispielsweise ist bei einer derartigen Anordnung die als Kathode vorgesehene Kontaktschicht der Membran mit im Primärkreislauf einer kerntechnischen Anlage geführten Kühlmittel bespeisbar, wohingegen der als Anode vorgesehenen Kontaktschicht der Membran Deionat zuführbar ist. Eine derartig ausgestaltete Elektrolysevorrichtung ist somit als direkt in den Kühlmittelkreislauf einer kerntechnischen Anlage integrierter Wasserstoffgenerator für das Reaktorkühlmittel einsetzbar. Die Kanalsysteme der zu beiden Seiten einer Membran angeordneten Kontaktplatten sind dabei zweckmäßigerweise an voneinander separat gehaltene Gasabführsystem angeschlossen.The channel systems are in a further advantageous embodiment the contact plates arranged on both sides of a membrane independently of one another with a medium, in particular with Water or deionized water, feedable. With such an arrangement is the contact layer of the membrane that acts as an anode another medium is provided for the electrolysis process can be supplied as the contact layer provided as the cathode is. The electrolysis device is therefore special flexible use. For example, such Arrangement the contact layer of the membrane provided as the cathode with in the primary circuit of a nuclear plant Coolant can be fed, whereas that provided as an anode Contact layer of the membrane deionized can be supplied. Such an electrolysis device is thus than directly into the coolant circuit of a nuclear Plant integrated hydrogen generator for the reactor coolant applicable. The duct systems of the one on both sides Membrane arranged contact plates are expedient connected to separate gas discharge system.

Für eine besonders zuverlässige Stromleitung innerhalb der Elektrolysevorrichtung sind die Membranelektrolysezellen zweckmäßigerweise stapelförmig innerhalb eines Gehäuses angeordnet, wobei das Gehäuse an jeder Stirnseite jeweils ein Feststellelement zum Verspannen der Membranelektrolysezellen miteinander aufweist. Benachbarte Membranelektrolysezellen sind dabei mittels der Feststellelemente flächig aneinander anpressbar, so daß eine besonders zuverlässige leitende Verbindung zwischen jeder Kontaktschicht und der ihr jeweils zugeordneten Kontaktplatte gewährleistet ist.For a particularly reliable power line within the The electrolysis device are the membrane electrolysis cells expediently arranged in a stack in a housing, with the housing on each end face Locking element for tensioning the membrane electrolysis cells with each other. Adjacent membrane electrolysis cells are flat against each other by means of the locking elements compressible, so that a particularly reliable conductive connection between each contact layer and the one assigned to it Contact plate is guaranteed.

Für eine besonders hohe Betriebssicherheit der Elektrolysevorrichtung ist zudem die Analyseeinheit derart ausgestaltet, daß sie bei abgeschalteter Stromversorgung einer Membran die Abklingzeit eines Spannungssignals dieser Membran ermittelt.For a particularly high operational reliability of the electrolysis device the analysis unit is also designed such that the membrane is powered off Cooldown of a voltage signal of this membrane is determined.

In zweckmäßiger Weiterbildung ist an die Analyseeinheit ein Sensor zur Ermittlung einer Gasreinheit angeschlossen. Aus der Aussage über die Abklingzeit einer Membran zusammen mit der Aussage über die Gasreinheit ist dabei in besonders einfacher Weise eine Prognose über die zukünftige Betriebssicherheit der jeweiligen Membran ableitbar. Die Elektrolysevorrichtung ist somit auch bei Auftreten von Betriebsstörungen einzelner Membranelektrolysezelle besonders zuverlässig betreibbar. Eine defekte Membranelektrolysezelle kann dabei kurzgeschlossen werden, so daß sie keinen Beitrag mehr zur Gasproduktion leistet, wobei die Funktionsfähigkeit intakter Membranelektrolysezellen nicht beeinträchtigt ist.In a useful further education, the analysis unit is a Sensor connected to determine gas cleanliness. Out the statement about the decay time of a membrane together with the statement about gas purity is particularly simple Way a forecast of future operational security derivable from the respective membrane. The electrolysis device is therefore also in the event of malfunctions single membrane electrolysis cell particularly reliable operable. A defective membrane electrolysis cell can be short-circuited so that they no longer contribute to Gas production does, with the functionality more intact Membrane electrolysis cells are not affected.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß durch die in den Kontaktplatten vorgesehenen Kanalsysteme eine zuverlässige und großflächige Zufuhr des elektrolytisch zu zersetzenden Mediums zu den Membranen bei besonders kompakter Bauweise gewährleistet ist. Die Membranelektrolysezellen sind dabei unabhängig voneinander betreibbar, so daß auch bei einem Ausfall einzelner Membranelektrolysezellen die Funktionsfähigkeit der Elektrolysevorrichtung aufrechterhalten ist. Durch die zur Ermittlung der Abklingzeit eines Spannungssignals an einer ausgewählten Membran vorgesehene Analyseeinheit ist eine defekte Membranelektrolysezelle zudem auf besonders einfache Weise detektierbar. Bei auftretenden Betriebsstörungen ist somit die Abkopplung einer defekten Membranelektrolysezelle auf besonders einfache Weise möglich, wobei der Betrieb der Elektrolysevorrichtung mit den verbleibenden intakten Membranelektrolysezellen aufrechterhalten werden kann.The advantages achieved with the invention are in particular in that provided by the contact plates Channel systems a reliable and large-area supply of the medium to be decomposed electrolytically to the membranes particularly compact design is guaranteed. The membrane electrolysis cells can be operated independently of each other, so that even if individual membrane electrolysis cells fail the functionality of the electrolysis device is maintained. By to determine the cooldown a voltage signal on a selected membrane The intended analysis unit is a defective membrane electrolysis cell also detectable in a particularly simple manner. At Any malfunctions that occur are thus the decoupling of one defective membrane electrolysis cell in a particularly simple manner possible, the operation of the electrolysis device with the maintain remaining intact membrane electrolysis cells can be.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Darin zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Elektrolysevorrichtung im Längsschnitt,
Figur 2
die Elektrolysevorrichtung im Querschnitt, und
Figur 3
schematisch eine Begasungsvorrichtung für ein Teilsystem einer technischen Anlage.
An embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. In it show:
Figure 1
an electrolysis device in longitudinal section,
Figure 2
the electrolysis device in cross section, and
Figure 3
schematically a gassing device for a subsystem of a technical system.

Gleiche Teile sind in allen Figuren mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.The same parts are given the same reference symbols in all the figures Mistake.

Die Elektrolysevorrichtung 1 gemäß Figur 1 ist als Membranelektrolyseur ausgebildet und umfaßt eine Anzahl von elektrisch in Reihe geschalteten Membranelektrolysezellen 2. Im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 1 sind dabei vier in Reihe geschaltete Membranelektrolysezellen 2 dargestellt; es kann aber auch eine beliebige andere Anzahl von Membranelektrolysezelle 2 vorgesehen sein. Jede Membranelektrolysezelle 2 weist eine als Kationenaustauschermembran ausgebildete Membran 4 als Elektrolyt für Wasser als zu zersetzendes Medium auf. Die Membran 4 jeder Membranelektrolysezelle 2 ist beidseitig mit jeweils einer nicht näher dargestellten Kontaktschicht versehen. Die beiden Kontaktschichten einer Membran 4 dienen beim Elektrolysevorgang als Elektroden. Im Ausführungsbeispiel ist die als Kathode vorgesehene Kontaktschicht jeder Membran 4 aus Platin gebildet. Die als Anode vorgesehene Kontaktschicht jeder Membran 4 besteht hingegen in der Hauptsache aus Iridium.The electrolysis device 1 according to FIG. 1 is a membrane electrolyzer trained and includes a number of electrical membrane electrolysis cells connected in series 2. Im Embodiment according to Figure 1 are four in a row switched membrane electrolysis cells 2 shown; it can but also any other number of membrane electrolysis cells 2 may be provided. Each membrane electrolysis cell 2 has a membrane designed as a cation exchange membrane 4 as an electrolyte for water as a medium to be decomposed on. The membrane 4 of each membrane electrolysis cell 2 is on both sides each with a contact layer, not shown Mistake. The two contact layers of a membrane 4 serve as electrodes during the electrolysis process. In the embodiment is the contact layer provided as the cathode each membrane 4 is formed from platinum. The one intended as an anode The contact layer of each membrane 4, however, is in the The main thing is from iridium.

An jeder Kontaktschicht jeder Membran 4 ist jeweils eine Kontaktplatte 5 angeordnet. Jede Kontaktschicht ist dabei mit der ihr jeweils zugeordneten Kontaktplatte 5 über eine poröse Leiterplatte 6 elektrisch verbunden. Die poröse Leiterplatte 6, die beispielsweise auf Titanbasis gefertigt sein kann, ist dabei jeweils zwischen der Kontaktschicht und der dieser zugeordneten Kontaktplatte 5 angeordnet.There is a contact plate on each contact layer of each membrane 4 5 arranged. Every contact layer is included the associated contact plate 5 via a porous Printed circuit board 6 electrically connected. The porous circuit board 6, which can be made for example on a titanium basis each time between the contact layer and that assigned to it Contact plate 5 arranged.

Die aus jeweils einer Membran 4, zwei Leiterplatten 6 und zwei Kontaktplatten 5 gebildeten Membranelektrolysezellen 2 sind stapelförmig innerhalb eines Gehäuses 8 angeordnet. Benachbarte Kontaktplatten 5 verschiedener Membranelektrolysezellen 2 sind dabei voneinander elektrisch durch jeweils eine Isolatorplatte 9 getrennt. Die Hintereinanderschaltung der Membranelektrolysezellen 2 ist dabei durch ein nicht näher dargestelltes externes Leitungssystem bewirkt. Alternativ können benachbarte Kontaktplatten 5 verschiedener Membranelektrolysezellen 2 auch unmittelbar in elektrischem Kontakt miteinander stehen oder auch einstückig ausgeführt sein. Das Gehäuse 8 weist an seinen Stirnseite 10 jeweils eine als Feststellelement 12 vorgesehen Schraube zum Verspannung der Membranelektrolysezellen 2 miteinander auf.Each of a membrane 4, two circuit boards 6 and two contact plates 5 formed membrane electrolysis cells 2nd are arranged in a stack in a housing 8. Neighbors Contact plates 5 different membrane electrolysis cells 2 are electrically separated from each other by one Insulator plate 9 separated. The series connection of the Membrane electrolysis cells 2 are not closer by external line system shown causes. Alternatively can adjacent contact plates 5 different membrane electrolysis cells 2 also in direct electrical contact stand together or be made in one piece. The Housing 8 has on its face 10 each as Locking element 12 provided screw for bracing the Membrane electrolysis cells 2 with each other.

Jede Kontaktplatte 5 ist, wie in Figur 2 anhand der im Querschnitt abgebildeten Elektrolysevorrichtung 1 dargestellt, annähernd kreisförmig ausgebildet und weist auf ihrer der ihr zugeordneten Kontaktschicht zugewandten Oberfläche ein Kanalsystem 14 auf. Das Kanalsystem 14 ist dabei aus in die jeweilige Kontaktplatte 5 ragenden Vertiefungen gebildet, die in Form konzentrischer Kreissegmente auf der Oberfläche der jeweiligen Kontaktplatte 5 angeordnet sind. Das Kanalsystem 14 jeder Kontaktplatte 5 ist dabei zum Transport von elektrolytisch zu zersetzendem Medium zur jeweiligen Membran 4 vorgesehen. Dazu ist das Kanalsystem 14 jeder Kontaktplatte 5 mit einem Zuführsystem für ein Elektrolysemedium verbunden. Zudem ist an das Kanalsystem 14 jeder Kontaktplatte 5 ein Abführsystem für Gas oder für mit Gas versetztes Elektrolysemedium angeschlossen.Each contact plate 5 is, as in Figure 2 based on the cross-section shown electrolysis device 1, formed approximately circular and points to her associated surface facing a channel system 14 on. The channel system 14 is in the respective Contact plate 5 protruding depressions formed in Shape of concentric circle segments on the surface of the respective Contact plate 5 are arranged. The channel system 14 each contact plate 5 is for the transport of electrolytic medium to be decomposed is provided for the respective membrane 4. For this purpose, the channel system 14 of each contact plate 5 is included connected to a feed system for an electrolysis medium. In addition is a discharge system on the channel system 14 of each contact plate 5 for gas or for gasified electrolysis medium connected.

Die Elektrolysevorrichtung 1 ist dabei derart ausgebildet, daß die Kanalsysteme 14 der zu beiden Seiten einer Membran 4 angeordneten Kontaktplatten 5 unabhängig voneinander mit einem Medium bespeisbar sind. Zudem ist das Medium oder auch ein bei der Elektrolyse freigesetztes Gas aus den Kanalsystemen 14 der zu beiden Seiten einer Membran 4 angeordneten Kontaktplatten 5 unabhängig voneinander abführbar. Dazu sind die Kanalsysteme 14 aller Kontaktplatten 5, die einer als Kathode vorgesehenen Kontaktschicht einer Membran 4 zugeordnet sind, eingangsseitig an ein gemeinsames Zuführsystem 16 und ausgangsseitig an ein gemeinsames Abführsystem 18 angeschlossen.The electrolysis device 1 is designed such that that the channel systems 14 on both sides of a membrane 4th arranged contact plates 5 independently of one another Medium can be fed. In addition, the medium or a gas released during the electrolysis from the sewer systems 14 of the contact plates arranged on both sides of a membrane 4 5 can be removed independently of one another. For that are the Channel systems 14 of all contact plates 5, one as a cathode provided contact layer are assigned to a membrane 4, on the input side to a common feed system 16 and on the output side connected to a common drainage system 18.

Die Kanalsysteme 14 derjenigen Kontaktplatten 5, die einer als Anode vorgesehenen Kontaktschicht einer Membran 4 zugeordnet sind, sind hingegen eingangsseitig an ein vom Zuführsystem 16 unabhängiges Zuführsystem 20 und ausgangsseitig an ein vom Abführsystem 18 unabhängiges Abführsystem 22 angeschlossen. Bei einer derartigen Anordnung ist die Bespeisung der als Kathoden vorgesehenen Kontaktschichten mit einem anderen Elektrolysemedium als dem für die Bespeisung der als Anoden vorgesehenen Kontaktschichten verwendeten Elektrolysemedium möglich. Die Elektrolysevorrichtung 1 ist somit besonders flexibel einsetzbar. Beispielsweise kann die Elektrolysevorrichtung 1 direkt in einen Kühlmittelkreislauf einer kerntechnischen Anlage integriert sein, wobei die als Kathoden vorgesehenen Kontaktschichten direkt mit Reaktorkühlmittel als Elektrolysemedium bespeist werden, und wobei das mit Wasserstoff aus der Elektrolyse angereicherte Reaktorkühlmittel direkt in den Kühlmittelkreislauf der kerntechnischen Anlage rückgeführt wird. Die als Anode vorgesehenen Kontaktschichten sind dabei mit Deionat bespeisbar. Beim Betrieb einer derartig angeordneten Elektrolysevorrichtung 1 werden die mit Deionat bespeisbaren Anoden mit einem höheren Betriebsdruck beaufschlagt als die mit Reaktorkühlmittel beaufschlagten Kathoden. Somit ist auch bei einem Membranbruch oder einer Leckage eine Freisetzung von Reaktorkühlmittel an die Umgebung sicher vermieden.The channel systems 14 of those contact plates 5, the one Assigned as an anode contact layer of a membrane 4 assigned are, on the other hand, are on the input side to one of the feed system 16 independent feed system 20 and on the output side a discharge system 22 which is independent of the discharge system 18. With such an arrangement, the feed is the contact layers provided as cathodes with another Electrolysis medium as that for feeding the as Contact layers provided on anodes used electrolysis medium possible. The electrolysis device 1 is therefore special flexible use. For example, the electrolysis device 1 directly into a coolant circuit Nuclear plant to be integrated, being the cathodes provided contact layers directly with reactor coolant be fed as an electrolysis medium, and with that Reactor coolant enriched with hydrogen from electrolysis directly into the coolant circuit of the nuclear facility is returned. The contact layers provided as the anode can be fed with deionized water. When operating a Such an arranged electrolysis device 1 Deionate feedable anodes with a higher operating pressure acted upon as those charged with reactor coolant Cathodes. So even in the event of a diaphragm rupture or one Leakage releases reactor coolant to the environment safely avoided.

In Figur 3 ist schematisch ein Begasungssystem 28 für eine technische Anlage, insbesondere für den Primärkreislauf eines Druckwasserreaktors, dargestellt. Das Begasungssystem 28 umfaßt als Wasserstoffgenerator die Elektrolysevorrichtung 1, deren Zu- und Abführsysteme 16, 18, 20, 22 in nicht näher dargestellter Weise an die technischen Anlage angeschlossen sind. Die Elektrolysevorrichtung 1 umfaßt zudem eine Analyseeinheit 30. Dabei sind die Kontaktschichten jeder Membran 4 elektrisch mit der Analyseeinheit 30 verbunden.FIG. 3 schematically shows a gassing system 28 for a technical system, in particular for the primary circuit of a Pressurized water reactor, shown. The gassing system 28 includes as a hydrogen generator, the electrolysis device 1, their feed and discharge systems 16, 18, 20, 22 in no more detail shown connected to the technical system are. The electrolysis device 1 also includes an analysis unit 30. The contact layers of each membrane are 4 electrically connected to the analysis unit 30.

Die Analyseeinheit 30 ist dazu ausgelegt, nach Abschalten der Stromversorgung einer Membran 4 die Abklingzeit eines Spannungssignals dieser Membran 4 zu ermitteln. Aus der Abklingzeit des Spannungssignals können dann in der Analyseeinheit 30 Rückschlüsse auf die Funktionsfähigkeit der jeweiligen Membran 4 gezogen werden. Bei intakter Membran 4 sollte die jeweilige Membranelektrolysezelle 2 nämlich nach Abschalten der Stromversorgung kurzzeitig als Brennstoffzelle wirken, bis die von ihr zuvor durch Elektrolyse freigesetzten Gase abtransportiert sind. Daher sollte bei intakter Membran 4 das an ihr abfallende Spannungssignal zunächst kurzzeitig konstant sein, bevor ein Abklingen einsetzt. Bei fehlerhafter Membran 4, beispielsweise infolge von Lochbildung, sollte die Spannung nach Anschalten der Stromversorgung hingegen unmittelbar abklingen, so daß durch die Analyseeinheit 30 eine intakte von einer fehlerhaften Membran 4 unterscheidbar ist.The analysis unit 30 is designed to switch off the Power supply to a membrane 4 the decay time of a voltage signal to determine this membrane 4. From the cooldown of the voltage signal can then in the analysis unit 30 conclusions about the functionality of the respective Membrane 4 are pulled. If membrane 4 is intact, the respective membrane electrolysis cell 2 after switching off the power supply act briefly as a fuel cell, until the gases previously released by electrolysis are transported away. Therefore, the membrane 4 should be intact at its falling voltage signal initially constant for a short time before decay begins. If it is faulty Membrane 4, for example due to hole formation, should However, voltage immediately after switching on the power supply subside, so that an intact analysis unit 30 is distinguishable from a defective membrane 4.

Für zusätzliche Diagnosezwecke ist in die Abführsysteme 18 und 22 für jede Membran 4 jeweils ein Sensor 32 zur Ermittlung einer Gasreinheit geschaltet. Die Sensoren 32 sind ebenfalls an die Analyseeinheit 30 angeschlossen. Durch eine Kombination der Information über die Ablingzeit des Spannungssignals an einer ausgewählten Membran 4 mit der Information über die Reinheit der von der zugehörigen Membranelektrolysezelle 2 gelieferten Elektrolysegase ist eine besonders zuverlässige Prognose über das Betriebsverhalten der jeweiligen Membranelektrolysezelle 2 möglich.For additional diagnostic purposes, the laxation systems 18 and 22 a sensor 32 for each membrane 4 for determination switched to a gas purity. The sensors 32 are also connected to the analysis unit 30. Through a combination the information about the decay time of the voltage signal on a selected membrane 4 with the information about the purity of the associated membrane electrolysis cell 2 supplied electrolysis gases is a particularly reliable Prediction of the operating behavior of each Membrane electrolysis cell 2 possible.

Eine zuverlässige Kühlung der Elektrolysevorrichtung 1 bei ihrem Betrieb ist durch die Wahl eines geeigneten Wasserdurchsatzes durch die Membranelektrolysezellen 2 sichergestellt. Als Kühlmedium dient dabei das der Elektrolysevorrichtung 1 zugeführte, zu versetzende Medium. Zusätzlich können weitere Kühlvorrichtungen für das Gehäuse 8, beispielsweise in Form von Kühlrippen, vorgesehen sein.Reliable cooling of the electrolysis device 1 in their operation is by choosing a suitable water flow rate ensured by the membrane electrolysis cells 2. The electrolysis device serves as the cooling medium 1 supplied medium to be moved. In addition, you can further cooling devices for the housing 8, for example in the form of cooling fins.

Claims (8)

  1. Electrolysis apparatus (1) with a number of membrane electrolysis cells (2), each of which comprises a membrane (4) provided on both sides with a contact layer, a contact plate (5) being respectively arranged on each contact layer, and each contact plate (5) having on its surface facing the contact layer assigned to it a system of ducts (14) for the transport of water and/or gas characterized in that the contact layers of each membrane (4) are electrically connected to an analysing unit (30), which, after the power supply to a membrane (4) has been disconnected, determines the behaviour over time of the voltage dropping across this membrane (4).
  2. Electrolysis apparatus (1) according to Claim 1, in which the system of ducts of each contact plate (5) is designed in the form of concentric segments of a circle.
  3. Electrolysis apparatus (1) according to Claim 1 or 2, in which the membrane electrolysis cells (2) are connected electrically in series.
  4. Electrolysis apparatus (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, in which a porous conductor plate (6) is arranged between each contact layer and the contact plate (5) respectively assigned to it.
  5. Electrolysis apparatus (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, in which the the systems of ducts of the contact plates (5) arranged on both sides of a membrane (4) can be fed with a medium, in particular with water or deionized water, independently of one another.
  6. Electrolysis apparatus (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 5, the membrane electrolysis cells (2) of which are arranged in the form of a stack within a housing (8), which respectively has on each end face (10) a fixing element (12) for bracing the membrane electrolysis cells (2) to one another.
  7. Electrolysis apparatus (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 6, in which, when the power supply to a membrane (4) is disconnected, the analysing unit (30) determines the decay time of a voltage signal of this membrane.
  8. Electrolysis apparatus (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 7, in which a sensor for determining the purity of a gas is connected to the analysing unit (30).
EP98941241A 1997-07-09 1998-06-26 Electrolysis device Expired - Lifetime EP0932708B1 (en)

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DE19729429A DE19729429C1 (en) 1997-07-09 1997-07-09 Electrolysis device
DE19729429 1997-07-09
PCT/DE1998/001770 WO1999002761A1 (en) 1997-07-09 1998-06-26 Electrolysis device

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US20040140202A1 (en) * 2003-01-17 2004-07-22 Framatome Anp Gmbh Electrolysis unit
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US20110017607A1 (en) * 2009-07-22 2011-01-27 Green On Demand, LLP (G.O.D.) On demand hydrogen production unit and method for the on demand production of hydrogen
US8147661B2 (en) 2009-08-31 2012-04-03 Green On Demand Gmbh Unit for the electrolysis of water
US20110147204A1 (en) 2009-12-17 2011-06-23 Green On Demand, LLP (G.O.D.) Apparatus for on demand production of hydrogen by electrolysis of water
EP2985096B1 (en) 2014-08-14 2016-11-02 Melicon GmbH Gas diffusion electrode
CN111699280B (en) * 2018-03-27 2022-07-12 株式会社德山 Electrolytic cell for alkaline water electrolysis
EP3982501A1 (en) 2020-10-12 2022-04-13 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Operation of an electrolysis device
DE102022206878A1 (en) 2022-07-06 2024-01-11 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Operating an electrolysis device having a plurality of electrolysis cells
DE102022206877A1 (en) 2022-07-06 2024-01-11 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Operating an electrolysis cell
DE102022130553A1 (en) 2022-11-18 2024-05-23 Melicon Gmbh Gas diffusion electrode, membrane electrode assembly and electrolysis device

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