EP0922163B1 - Vacuum piston pump with an inlet and an outlet - Google Patents

Vacuum piston pump with an inlet and an outlet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0922163B1
EP0922163B1 EP97936688A EP97936688A EP0922163B1 EP 0922163 B1 EP0922163 B1 EP 0922163B1 EP 97936688 A EP97936688 A EP 97936688A EP 97936688 A EP97936688 A EP 97936688A EP 0922163 B1 EP0922163 B1 EP 0922163B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
vacuum pump
cylinder
inlet
outlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97936688A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0922163A1 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Meyer
Rudolf Bahnen
Hans-Josef Burghard
Wolfgang Giebmanns
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Leybold GmbH
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Leybold Vakuum GmbH
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Publication of EP0922163A1 publication Critical patent/EP0922163A1/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B25/00Multi-stage pumps
    • F04B25/02Multi-stage pumps of stepped piston type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B25/00Multi-stage pumps

Definitions

  • a piston vacuum pump of this type is from US-A-48 54 825 known.
  • This pump according to the state of the art are two cylindrical compression chambers on the inlet side connected in parallel by two of the four stepped cylinders and form a first pump stage.
  • the cylindrical Compression chamber of a third cylinder forms the second stage of the pump.
  • the ring-shaped compression chambers of the three cylinders, their cylindrical compression chambers form the first and the second pump stage, are not equipped with inlets; They have no pump function.
  • the cylindrical compression chamber of the fourth cylinder forms a third stage of the vacuum pump. Your outlet is immediately at the exit the pump in connection.
  • a real fourth pump stage forms this ring-shaped Compression chamber not.
  • the piston vacuum pump 1 shown in Figure 1 includes the housing 2, the inlet 3 and the outlet 4. Inside There are four cylinder-piston systems in the housing 11, 21, 31 and 41, which are essentially identical are trained. They are opposed to each other in pairs - preferably arranged in one plane - that their pistons have a common crankshaft 5 can be driven.
  • the drive motor is at 6 designated.
  • the closure body 68 is the conical Section of the chamber 65 on (upper illustration of the valve 52). Gas passing through bore 69 only gets into the pump 1. The size and length of the hole 69 are chosen so that overpressures in the pump 1 are not occur.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Kolbenvakuumpumpe mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a piston vacuum pump with the features of the preamble of the claim 1.

Eine Kolbenvakuumpumpe dieser Art ist aus der US-A-48 54 825 bekannt. Bei dieser Pumpe nach dem Stand der Technik sind eintrittsseitig zwei zylindrische Kompressionskammern von zwei der vier gestuften Zylinder parallel geschaltet und bilden eine erste Pumpstufe. Die zylindrische Kompressionskammer eines dritten Zylinders bildet die zweite Stufe der Pumpe. Die ringförmigen Kompressionskammern der drei Zylinder, deren zylindrische Kompressionskammern die erste und die zweite Pumpstufe bilden, sind nicht mit Einlässen ausgerüstet; sie haben keine Pumpfunktion. Die zylindrische Kompressionskammer des vierten Zylinders bildet eine dritte Stufe der Vakuumpumpe. Ihr Auslaß steht unmittelbar mit dem Austritt der Pumpe in Verbindung. Die ringförmige Kompressionskammer dieses Stufen-Zylinders hat zwar ebenfalls Pumpfunktion; sie bildet jedoch zusammen mit ihrem Einlaß und ihrem Auslaß lediglich einen Bypass zu den aus der dritten Pumpstufe dem Austritt unmittelbar zuströmenden Gase, d.h., daß nur ein Teil der aus dem Auslaß der dritten Pumpstufe austretenden Gase über diese ringförmige Kompressionskammer zum Austritt der Pumpe gelangt. A piston vacuum pump of this type is from US-A-48 54 825 known. With this pump according to the state of the art are two cylindrical compression chambers on the inlet side connected in parallel by two of the four stepped cylinders and form a first pump stage. The cylindrical Compression chamber of a third cylinder forms the second stage of the pump. The ring-shaped compression chambers of the three cylinders, their cylindrical compression chambers form the first and the second pump stage, are not equipped with inlets; They have no pump function. The cylindrical compression chamber of the fourth cylinder forms a third stage of the vacuum pump. Your outlet is immediately at the exit the pump in connection. The ring-shaped compression chamber this stepped cylinder also has a pumping function; however, it forms together with its inlet and its outlet is only a bypass to those from the third pumping stage flowing directly to the outlet Gases, i.e. that only a part of the from the outlet of the third pump stage escaping gases through this ring-shaped Compression chamber reaches the outlet of the pump.

Eine echte vierte Pumpstufe bildet diese ringförmige Kompressionskammer nicht.A real fourth pump stage forms this ring-shaped Compression chamber not.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Kolbenvakuumpumpe mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Patentanspruchs 1 mit verbessertem Saugvermögen und mit verbesserter Kompression zu schaffen.The present invention is based on the object a piston vacuum pump with the features of the preamble of claim 1 with improved pumping speed and to create with improved compression.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale der Patentansprüche gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the characterizing Features of the claims solved.

Dadurch, daß eintrittsseitig vier Kompressionskammern parallel geschaltet sind, ergibt sich ein besonders hohes Ansaugvermögen. Außerdem wird durch insgesamt vier Pumpstufen mit insgesamt acht Kompressionskammern eine hohe Kompression erreicht. Mit Pumpen der erfindungsgemäßen Art lassen sich Enddrücke von 10-4 mbar bei relativ hohem Saugvermögen erzeugen, so daß sie bei Applikationen, bei denen Arbeitskammern immer wieder relativ schnell auf niedrige Drücke evakuiert werden müssen, wie zum Beispiel die Schleusen von Halbleiter-Beschichtungsanlagen, besonders geeignet sind. Bei der Herstellung der Zylinder-Kolben-Systeme müssen besonders hohe Toleranzen nicht eingehalten werden. Der Grund dafür liegt in der besonderen Zuordnung der Kompressionskammern. Während des Betriebs der drei Zylinder-Kolben-Systeme, welche die ersten beiden Pumpstufen bilden, herrschen jeweils in den vom Kolben getrennten Kompressionskammern etwa gleiche Drücke, so daß an die Abdichtung zwischen Zylinder und Kolben keine hohen Anforderungen gestellt werden müssen. Beim vierten Zylinder-Kolben-System treten zwar unterschiedliche Drücke in den beiden Kompressionskammern auf; da dieses Zylinder-Kolben-System jedoch austrittsseitig gelegen ist, sind die auftretenden Druckverhältnisse nicht mehr hoch. The fact that four compression chambers are connected in parallel on the inlet side results in a particularly high suction capacity. In addition, a high level of compression is achieved through a total of four pump stages with a total of eight compression chambers. With pumps of the type according to the invention, final pressures of 10 -4 mbar can be generated at a relatively high pumping speed, so that they are particularly useful in applications in which working chambers have to be evacuated relatively quickly to low pressures, such as the locks of semiconductor coating systems are suitable. Particularly high tolerances do not have to be observed when manufacturing the cylinder-piston systems. The reason for this is the special assignment of the compression chambers. During the operation of the three cylinder-piston systems, which form the first two pump stages, approximately the same pressures prevail in the compression chambers separated from the piston, so that no high demands have to be made on the seal between the cylinder and piston. With the fourth cylinder-piston system, different pressures occur in the two compression chambers; however, since this cylinder-piston system is located on the outlet side, the pressure conditions that occur are no longer high.

Bei den erwähnten Applikationen muß die erfindungsgemäße Hochvakuumpumpe in der ersten Pumpphase relativ große Gasmengen fördern. Zur Vermeidung von Überdrücken in der Pumpe gibt es drei Möglichkeiten:

  • Die Auslässe der vier Kompressionskammern, welche die erste Pumpstufe bilden, stehen über ein Rückschlagventil unmittelbar mit dem Austritt der Pumpe in Verbindung. In der ersten Pumpphase auftretende Überdrücke öffnen dieses Rückschlagventil und fördern die Gase unmittelbar zum Austritt der Pumpe.
  • Der Antriebsmotor der Vakuumpumpe wird derart geregelt, daß er seine volle Drehzahl erst dann erreicht, wenn die Gefahr der Entstehung von Überdrücken in der Pumpe nicht mehr besteht.
  • Dem Eintritt der Pumpe ist ein differenzdruckgesteuertes Ventil vorgelagert.
In the applications mentioned, the high-vacuum pump according to the invention must deliver relatively large amounts of gas in the first pumping phase. There are three ways to avoid excess pressure in the pump:
  • The outlets of the four compression chambers, which form the first pump stage, are directly connected to the outlet of the pump via a check valve. Overpressures occurring in the first pumping phase open this check valve and deliver the gases directly to the outlet of the pump.
  • The drive motor of the vacuum pump is regulated in such a way that it only reaches its full speed when there is no longer any risk of excess pressure in the pump.
  • A differential pressure controlled valve precedes the entry of the pump.

Die zuletzt genannte Alternative hat sich als besonders zweckmäßig erwiesen, weil Ventile dieser Art einfach und robust sind.The latter alternative has proven to be special Proven useful because valves of this type are simple and are robust.

Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten der Erfindung sollen anhand von in den Figuren 1 und 2 schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert werden.Further advantages and details of the invention are intended with the aid of those shown schematically in FIGS. 1 and 2 Exemplary embodiments are explained.

Es zeigen

  • Figur 1 ein Ausführungsbeispiel für eine Kolbenvakuumpumpe nach der Erfindung und
  • Figur 2 eines der eintrittsseitig gelegenen Zylinder-Kolben-Systeme mit einem differenzdruckgesteuerten Eintrittsventil.
Show it
  • Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a piston vacuum pump according to the invention and
  • 2 shows one of the cylinder-piston systems on the inlet side with an inlet valve controlled by differential pressure.

Die in Figur 1 dargestellte Kolbenvakuumpumpe 1 umfaßt das Gehäuse 2, den Eintritt 3 und den Austritt 4. Innerhalb des Gehäuses befinden sich vier Zylinder-Kolben-Systeme 11, 21, 31 und 41, die im wesentlichen identisch ausgebildet sind. Sie sind derart paarweise einander gegenüberliegend - vorzugsweise in einer Ebene - angeordnet, daß ihre Kolben über eine gemeinsame Kurbelwelle 5 angetrieben werden können. Der Antriebsmotor ist mit 6 bezeichnet.The piston vacuum pump 1 shown in Figure 1 includes the housing 2, the inlet 3 and the outlet 4. Inside There are four cylinder-piston systems in the housing 11, 21, 31 and 41, which are essentially identical are trained. They are opposed to each other in pairs - preferably arranged in one plane - that their pistons have a common crankshaft 5 can be driven. The drive motor is at 6 designated.

Das Zylinder-Kolben-System 11 weist den Zylinder 12 und den Kolben 13 auf. Beide sind gestuft, so daß sie in an sich bekannter Weise eine zylindrische Kompressionskammer 14 und eine ringförmige Kompressionskammer 15 bilden. Die zylindrische Kompressionskammer 14 weist den Einlaß 16 und den Auslaß 17, die ringförmige Kompressionskammer 15 den Einlaß 18 und den Auslaß 19 auf. Die Einlässe 16 und 18 sind als Ringnuten in der Wandung des Zylinders 12 ausgebildet, so daß die Bewegung des Kolbens 13 das Öffnen und Schließen der Einlässe bewirkt. Die Auslässe 17 und 19 sind mit im einzelnen nicht dargestellten Ventilen ausgerüstet.The cylinder-piston system 11 has the cylinder 12 and the piston 13. Both are tiered so that they are in known a cylindrical compression chamber 14 and form an annular compression chamber 15. The cylindrical compression chamber 14 has the Inlet 16 and outlet 17, the annular compression chamber 15 the inlet 18 and the outlet 19 on. The Inlets 16 and 18 are ring grooves in the wall of the Cylinder 12 formed so that the movement of the piston 13 causes the inlets to open and close. The outlets 17 and 19 are not shown in detail Valves equipped.

Die Zylinder-Kolben-System 21, 31 und 41 sind entsprechend ausgebildet und mit korrespondierenden Bezugszeichen versehen.The cylinder-piston system 21, 31 and 41 are corresponding trained and with corresponding reference numerals Mistake.

Entsprechend dem Erfindungsvorschlag ist der Eintritt 3 über die Leitung 51 - z.B. mit dem Ventil 52 - mit den Einlässen 16, 18, 26, 28 der Kompressionskammern 14, 15, 24 und 25, welche Bestandteile der Kolben-Zylinder-Systeme 11 und 21 sind, verbunden. Die genannten, parallel geschalteten Kompressionskammern bilden eine erste Pumpstufe der Kolbenvakuumpumpe 1, angedeutet durch die strichpunktierte Linie 54. Die sich an die Auslässe 17, 19, 27 und 29 der Kompressionskammern der ersten Stufe anschließenden Leitungen münden sämtlich in die Leitung 55, die mit den Einlässen 36, 38 der Kompressionskammern 34, 35 verbunden sind. Diese sind Bestandteile des Kolben-Zylinder-Systems 31. Die ebenfalls parallel geschalteten Kompressionskammern 34, 35 bilden die zweite Pumpstufe der Kolbenvakuumpumpe 1, angedeutet durch die strichpunktierte Linie 57. Die sich an die Auslässe 37, 39 der Kompressionskammern 34, 35 anschließenden Leitungen münden in die Leitung 59, die mit dem Einlaß 46 der zylindrischen Kompressionskammer 44 verbunden ist, welche Bestandteil des Zylinder-Kolben-Systems 41 ist. Diese Kompressionskammer 44 bildet die dritte Pumpstufe der Kolbenvakuumpumpe 1 (siehe strichpunktierte Linie 61). Der Auslaß 47 der Kompressionskammer 44 steht über die Leitung 62 mit dem Einlaß 48 der ringförmigen Kompressionskammer 45 in Verbindung, welche ebenfalls Bestandteil des Kolben-Zylinder-Systems 41 ist. Der Auslaß 49 der ringförmigen Kompressionskammer 45 steht mit dem Austritt 4 der Kolbenvakuumpumpe 1 in Verbindung. Die Kompressionskammer 45 bildet die vierte Pumpstufe der Kolbenvakuumpumpe 1 (gestrichelte Linie 63).According to the invention proposal, entry is 3 via line 51 - e.g. with the valve 52 - with the Inlets 16, 18, 26, 28 of the compression chambers 14, 15, 24 and 25, which components of the piston-cylinder systems 11 and 21 are connected. The above, in parallel switched compression chambers form a first Pump stage of the piston vacuum pump 1, indicated by the dash-dotted line 54. Connected to the outlets 17, 19, 27 and 29 of the first stage compression chambers connecting lines all flow into the line 55, with the inlets 36, 38 of the compression chambers 34, 35 are connected. These are part of the piston-cylinder system 31. The also connected in parallel Compression chambers 34, 35 form the second Pump stage of the piston vacuum pump 1, indicated by the dash-dotted line 57. Which adjoins the outlets 37, 39 of the compression chambers 34, 35 connecting lines open into line 59, which with the inlet 46 of the cylindrical compression chamber 44 which is connected Is part of the cylinder-piston system 41. This compression chamber 44 forms the third pump stage the piston vacuum pump 1 (see dash-dotted line 61). The outlet 47 of the compression chamber 44 protrudes line 62 to inlet 48 of the annular compression chamber 45 in connection, which is also a component of the piston-cylinder system 41. The outlet 49 of the annular compression chamber 45 stands with the Outlet 4 of the piston vacuum pump 1 in connection. The Compression chamber 45 forms the fourth pumping stage Piston vacuum pump 1 (dashed line 63).

Angedeutet ist in Figur 1 noch eine Düse 64, über die der Kompressionsraum 45 mit dem Inneren des Gehäuses 2 der Pumpe 1 in Verbindung steht. Die Größe der Düse 64 ist so gewählt, daß sich im Gehäuse 2 ein Unterdruck von wenigen hundert Milibar einstellt. Die Anforderungen an die Dichtqualität des Spaltes zwischen den Kolben und den Zylindern in ihren dem Gehäuseinnern benachbarten Bereichen können dadurch weiter reduziert werden.A nozzle 64 is also indicated in FIG. 1, via which the compression space 45 with the inside of the housing 2 the pump 1 is connected. The size of the nozzle 64 is chosen so that there is a negative pressure of a few hundred milibars. The requirements for the sealing quality of the gap between the pistons and the cylinders in their neighbors to the inside of the housing This can further reduce areas.

Figur 2 zeigt nochmals das Kolben-Zylinder-System 11 mit seinen Kompressionskammern 14 und 15. Die Einlässe 16 und 18 dieser Kammern stehen (zusammen mit den Einlässen 26, 28 des zweiten Kolben-Zylinder-Systems 21) über das Ventil 52 mit dem Eintritt 3 der Vakuumpumpe in Verbindung. Figure 2 shows again the piston-cylinder system 11 with its compression chambers 14 and 15. The inlets 16 and 18 of these chambers (together with the inlets 26, 28 of the second piston-cylinder system 21) via the Valve 52 in connection with the inlet 3 of the vacuum pump.

Das Ventil 52 erfüllt die Funktion, die in einer ersten Pumpphase anfallenden, relativ großen Gasmengen in solchem Umfang zurückzuhalten, daß Überdrücke in der Pumpe 1 nicht auftreten. Dazu weist das Ventil 52 eine Kammer 65 mit einer Einlaßöffnung 66 und einer Auslaßöffnung 67 auf. Auslaßseitig ist die Kammer kegelförmig gestaltet. In der Kammer 65 befindet sich ein Verschlußkörper 68 mit einer zentralen Bohrung 69. Mit Hilfe von zwei axial angeordneten Federn, vorzugsweise Druckfedern 70 und 71 ist der austrittsseitig kugelförmig gestaltete Verschlußkörper 68 verdrehsicher geführt. Ohne Gasströmung halten die Druckfedern den Verschlußkörper in der Schwebe.The valve 52 fulfills the function that in a first Pumping phase, relatively large amounts of gas in such Retain scope that overpressure in the pump 1 does not occur. For this purpose, the valve 52 has a chamber 65 with an inlet opening 66 and an outlet opening 67 on. On the outlet side, the chamber is conical. A closure body 68 is located in the chamber 65 with a central bore 69. With the help of two axially arranged springs, preferably compression springs 70 and 71 is the spherical closure body on the outlet side 68 guided against rotation. Without gas flow keep the compression springs in the closure body Hover.

Ist der Druck im zu evakuierenden Rezipienten, angeschlossen an den Eintritt 3, hoch, z.B. Atmosphärendruck, liegt der Verschlußkörper 68 dem kegelförmigen Abschnitt der Kammer 65 an (obere Darstellung des Ventils 52). Nur durch die Bohrung 69 hindurchtretendes Gas gelangt in die Pumpe 1. Die Größe und Länge der Bohrung 69 sind so gewählt, daß Überdrücke in der Pumpe 1 nicht auftreten.Is the pressure in the recipient to be evacuated connected at entrance 3, high, e.g. Atmospheric pressure, the closure body 68 is the conical Section of the chamber 65 on (upper illustration of the valve 52). Gas passing through bore 69 only gets into the pump 1. The size and length of the hole 69 are chosen so that overpressures in the pump 1 are not occur.

Nimmt der Druck eintrittsseitig ab, hebt sich der Verschlußkörper 68 von seinem Sitz ab, so daß er von Gasen umströmt werden kann. Der Strömungsquerschnitt im Bereich des Ventils 52 nimmt drastisch zu, so daß das Saugvermögen der Pumpe 1 durch das Ventil 52 nicht mehr begrenzt ist. Mit Hilfe der der Druckfedern 70 und 71 ist der Differenzdruck, bei dem das Abheben des Verschlußkörpers 68 von seinem Sitz erfolgt, einstellbar.If the pressure decreases on the inlet side, the closure body rises 68 from his seat so that he is out of gases can flow around. The flow cross section in the area of the valve 52 increases dramatically, so that Pumping capacity of the pump 1 no longer through the valve 52 is limited. With the help of the compression springs 70 and 71 is the differential pressure at which the closure body is lifted off 68 takes place from its seat, adjustable.

Claims (6)

  1. Piston vacuum pump (1) having an entry (3), having an exit (4) and having four stepped cylinders (12, 22, 32, 42) which form, together with a stepped piston (13, 23, 33, 43) in each case, a cylindrical compression chamber (14, 24, 34, 44) and an annular compression chamber (15, 25, 35, 45) in each case, characterised in that, during its normal operation, the pump (1) has four pump stages (54, 57, 61, 63) which are connected in series, and that four compression chambers (14, 15, 24, 25) which are connected in parallel form the first stage.
  2. Piston vacuum pump according to claim 1, characterised in that each of the eight compression chambers is equipped with an inlet and an outlet; that the entry (3) of the pump (1) is in communication with the inlets (16, 18, 26, 28) of the four compression chambers (14, 15, 24, 25) of two cylinders (12, 22); that the outlets (17, 19, 27, 29) of the said four compression chambers are connected to the two inlets (36, 38) of the two compression chambers (34, 35) of a third cylinder (32); that the outlets (37, 39) of the said two compression chambers (34, 35) are connected to the inlet of the cylindrical compression chamber (44) of the fourth cylinder (41); and that the outlet (47) of the said cylindrical compression chamber (44) is connected to the inlet (48) of the annular compression chamber (45) of the fourth cylinder (42).
  3. Piston vacuum pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the cylinder/piston systems (11, 21, 31, 41) are disposed opposite one another in pairs in such a way that their pistons (13, 23, 33, 43) can be driven via a common crankshaft (5).
  4. Piston vacuum pump according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the pump (1) is equipped with an impervious casing (2) which is connected via a nozzle (64) to one of the compression chambers, preferably to the annular compression chamber (45) located on the exit side.
  5. Piston vacuum pump according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterised in that a pressure-dependent entry valve (52) is provided.
  6. Piston vacuum pump according to claim 5, characterised in that the valve (52) has a chamber (65) with a closing body (68) which is equipped with a central bore (69) and is subjected to the action of two springs (70, 71).
EP97936688A 1996-08-27 1997-08-06 Vacuum piston pump with an inlet and an outlet Expired - Lifetime EP0922163B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19634519A DE19634519A1 (en) 1996-08-27 1996-08-27 Piston vacuum pump with inlet and outlet
DE19634519 1996-08-27
PCT/EP1997/004282 WO1998009077A1 (en) 1996-08-27 1997-08-06 Vacuum piston pump with an inlet and an outlet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0922163A1 EP0922163A1 (en) 1999-06-16
EP0922163B1 true EP0922163B1 (en) 2001-11-28

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EP97944768A Expired - Lifetime EP0922165B1 (en) 1996-08-27 1997-08-19 Vacuum pump

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WO (2) WO1998009077A1 (en)

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DE19955688A1 (en) * 1999-11-19 2001-05-23 Leybold Vakuum Gmbh Piston vacuum pump comprises a piston and a connecting rod which are joined to one another by means of an elastic unit
DE19962445A1 (en) 1999-12-22 2001-06-28 Leybold Vakuum Gmbh Dry compressing vacuum pump has gas ballast device with valve that only opens when difference between atmospheric pressure and pressure on pump side of valve exceeds set value
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WO1998009077A1 (en) 1998-03-05
DE59705578D1 (en) 2002-01-10
EP0922163A1 (en) 1999-06-16
EP0922165A1 (en) 1999-06-16
DE59712067D1 (en) 2004-12-09
EP0922165B1 (en) 2004-11-03
DE19634519A1 (en) 1998-03-05
WO1998009079A1 (en) 1998-03-05

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