EP0910679B1 - Verfahren zur herstellung eines verbundwerkstoffes - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung eines verbundwerkstoffes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0910679B1 EP0910679B1 EP97913970A EP97913970A EP0910679B1 EP 0910679 B1 EP0910679 B1 EP 0910679B1 EP 97913970 A EP97913970 A EP 97913970A EP 97913970 A EP97913970 A EP 97913970A EP 0910679 B1 EP0910679 B1 EP 0910679B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- composite material
- manufacture
- component
- material according
- matrix component
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
- C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/18—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by using pressure rollers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12486—Laterally noncoextensive components [e.g., embedded, etc.]
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a composite material consisting of a matrix component made of one or more metals or their alloys, selected from group IVB to VIB of the periodic table, as well as a strength-enhancing component.
- the high-temperature application range of these materials ranges from around 650 ° C advanced titanium alloys up to about 2200 ° C for tungsten alloys It is characteristic of these materials that the limits of the Operating temperature, the higher the density of the corresponding material. Especially with moving components and in the air and space is therefore the high temperature application area of one Material often limited due to a too high specific weight.
- Light and non-ferrous metals are often created by the storage of strength-increasing components such as oxidic or carbide materials in Solidified form of filaments, platelets, whiskers and the like.
- the production these materials are usually made by melt metallurgical processes, partly also by powder metallurgical processes, in particular the Using whiskers poses health risks.
- niobium or niobium alloys by embedding solidify high temperature tungsten / rhenium / hafnium carbide wires, whereby the latter take up more than 50% by volume (see Titran et al., in “Refractory Metals: State of the Art 1988 ", ed. The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, 1989).
- the disadvantage here is that the increase in High temperature resistance is at the expense of increased density of the material.
- the inclusions are not thermodynamically stable, so that Aging effects occur through diffusion alloys.
- US Pat. No. 3,270,412 describes a process for the production of dispersion-strengthened metallic materials due to multiple package rolls of thin metal foils (for example made of Al or Ti) described with particles or a layer of the dispersoid material are covered. Due to the high deformation is dispersed homogeneously with dispersoid particles (diameter ⁇ 1 ⁇ m) Material achieved. So this patent teaches how to make one dispersion-strengthened material, but not a composite material.
- CA-999 057 A describes a process for the production of multiphase alloys by coating or laminating a thin sheet (matrix material A) with a material B (metal or oxide) and subsequent heat treatment described in the matrix A for the purpose of setting intermetallic phases AxBy.
- the Material B applied as a layer diffuses into the matrix and reacts with it this to a new, intermetallic phase.
- a major disadvantage of this This is the concept for use at high temperatures. that this Implementation process continues there and therefore no long-term stability the material properties is guaranteed.
- JP 02 133550A A similar idea is set out in JP 02 133550A. Accordingly, one intermetallic connection AxBy made by stacking with material B. coated films A, followed by rollers in the package and a heat treatment to make the desired connection by diffusion.
- individual process steps such as those used in the production of Composites are used, used overall, this document teaches however, a method of making an intermetallic compound.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a Composite material consisting of a matrix component of one or several metals or their alloys, selected from the group Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W and Re as well as a strength-increasing component create, which makes it possible to avoid the disadvantages mentioned.
- the object is achieved in that the matrix component Foils, sheets and / or wires are processed with the strength-increasing Component is coated in a layer thickness between 1 micron and 100 microns and a large number of these coated foils, sheets and / or wires are combined and insoluble with one another by suitable pressure and / or temperature effects get connected.
- the method according to the invention gives materials from a large number of structural areas in relation to the forces to be absorbed in the operation are connected in parallel and even after the production according to the invention essential structural features of the original matrix component (the film, the Wire etc.). In between is the undeformed or depending on the degree of deformation and material co-deformed or fragmented in the directions of deformation, strength-increasing component. In the latter case, the strength increases Component in the form of filament-like, rod-shaped or platelet-shaped Inclusions with a uniform orientation in the matrix component.
- the method according to the invention is generally used to produce a Composite of a single matrix component and a single strength-increasing component used. It is also conceivable, however Composite material made from one or more different matrix components with one or more different, strength-increasing components to manufacture, which creates interesting possibilities of the most varied Allow material combinations to be achieved.
- Both one or more are added as strengthening deposits
- Compounds or mixtures thereof from the group consisting of oxides, carbides, nitrides, Borides of metals from group IVB - VIB as well as silicon, aluminum and Rare earths are considered, as well as one or more metals, their alloys or intermetallic compounds selected from the group niobium, tantalum, Chrome, molybdenum. Tungsten and rhenium as well as silicon and aluminum
- Use of a high-melting metal as strength enhancing Component always only those with higher strength than that of the respective, matrix component used.
- An advantage of The inventive method is that the strength-increasing component by means of methods known per se in a fixed network and initially integrally on the Matrix material is applied. This makes all possible strength-enhancing components are accessible and are comparatively producible at low cost. In addition, health risks in the Production of the composite material avoided.
- the selection of the strength-enhancing component is naturally the first Line according to their tensile strength and their elastic modulus. Next to it is also that thermal expansion of the reinforcing component in relation to that of the Material to be considered. Finally, the forming behavior is the strength-increasing component in the choice of the initial thickness on the one hand and the forming conditions on the other hand. The volume fraction of the reinforcing component depends on the material combination and the desired Use behavior between a few percent and about 50% can be selected.
- the thicknesses or diameters of the foils, sheets or wires of the matrix material in The initial form are determined on the one hand by the requirement of one if possible multilayered stacking or twisting within the macroscopic Dimensions of the composite material to be molded, on the other hand by the production of the composite material selected degree of deformation, the thermomechanical adjustment of matrix component and strength-increasing Component, and ultimately by the manufacturing costs of the starting components.
- a range of thicknesses and diameters is used individual foils, sheets or wires of the matrix component between 50 ⁇ m and 200 around a technical and economic compromise. the the Advantages of the method according to the invention brings to full effect.
- the application of the reinforcing component to the individual foils and wires the matrix component can in itself by all known methods of Coating technology or surface treatment. Requirement is only that the layer thickness or the thickness of the surface-affected zone reproducibly adjustable within the defined limits from 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m is, and that a dense and flawless layer structure is guaranteed.
- the Layer thicknesses are preferably in the lower range between 1 and 10 microns. This applies to most carbides, nitrides and borides as well as oxides of Transition metals, rare earth metals as well as silicon and aluminum.
- Ductile strength-increasing components e.g. Tungsten, rhenium or their Alloy with each other or with other refractory metals can also be used advantageously in the upper area up to layer thicknesses of 100 ⁇ m.
- the layer thicknesses are advantageously chosen so that they are in the case brittle strength-increasing components 10% of the thickness or diameter from the sheet or wire of the matrix component and in the case of ductile strength-increasing components do not exceed 50%.
- the method is carried out according to the invention so that the strength-increasing Component is already present as such when applied as a layer and both in the following manufacturing steps and in the operating temperatures sufficient resistance to reactions with the matrix component having. Sufficient is to be understood here so that the vast majority the strength-increasing component in its chemical composition is preserved and furthermore that the possibly arising minor Reaction products do not adversely affect the strength behavior.
- the method according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously when used of niobium or tantalum or their alloys as a matrix component and one Carbide.
- Oxide, nitride or their mixture of a metal from the group Ti Zr and Hf use as a strengthening component
- Composites have a particularly favorable ratio of high-temperature strength to density and are therefore particularly good in the field of air and Space travel.
- the method according to the invention can also be used advantageously when Molybdenum or tungsten or their alloys as a matrix component and one Carbide, oxide, nitride or their mixture of a metal from the group Ti, Zr and Hf use as a strengthening component.
- the manufactured with it Composites have high heat resistance even at the highest Operating temperatures and are therefore particularly good in high-temperature furnace construction to use.
- a particularly proven connection of the individual coated Matrix components for the finished composite material are obtained by Hot isostatic pressing, optionally with a mechanical one Forming can usually connect with a low degree of deformation.
- a particularly inexpensive way of connecting the individual coated matrix components is the connection by mechanical only Forming, e.g. by rolling. In this case, it is usually clear higher degrees of deformation in the range between 50% and 70% worked.
- the composite material after the connection of the individual coated To subject matrix components to heat treatment.
- Molybdenum foils with a thickness of 60 ⁇ m were plated using vacuum arc ion plating coated on one side with zirconium oxide layers with a thickness of 5 ⁇ m.
- the coated sheets were stacked on 16 layers and thin Molybdenum sheet known. Then the recognized stack was at Temperatures between 1000 and 1400 ° C through unique cross and subsequent longitudinal rolling in several passes deformed by 50%. Finally the can material was removed mechanically. The one made in this way Composite material showed a yield point of 1200 ° C in the tensile test 110 megapascals. A reference sample made from unreinforced molybdenum showed in Compare this to just 50 megapascals.
- the anistropy of the yield point between The longitudinal and transverse directions were in the case of the invention Composite less than 20%.
- the one determined at room temperature The flexural strength of the composite was about 20% higher than that of the unreinforced reference material.
- the break bending angle was surprisingly included Values between 30 ° and 90 °, compared to 4 - 8 ° in the case of the unreinforced Molybdenum sheet.
- the elongation at break of tensile specimens was 9% at 1200 ° C Room temperature at 6%.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Description
Claims (8)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffes, bestehend aus einer Matrixkomponente aus einem oder mehreren Metallen bzw. deren Legierungen, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe von Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr. Mo, W und Re, sowie aus einer festigkeitssteigernden Komponente. ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der Karbide, Boride, Nitride und Oxide der Metalle Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb. Ta, Cr, Mo und W bzw. der Elemente Si, B, Al und der Seltenen Erden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Matrixkomponente zu Folien, Blechen und/oder Drähten verarbeitet wird. mit der festigkeitssteigernden Komponente in einer Schichtstärke zwischen 1 µm und 100 µm beschichtet wird und eine Vielzahl dieser beschichteten Folien, Bleche und/oder Drähte zusammengefaßt und durch Druck- und/oder Temperatureinwirkung unlösbar miteinander derart verbunden werden, daß der Verbundwerkstoff aus einer Vielzahl von strukturellen Bereichen aufgebaut ist, die in bezug auf die im Einsatz aufzunehmenden Kräfte parallelgeschaltet sind und nach der erfindungsgemäßen Herstellung noch die wesentlichen Gefügemerkmale der ursprünglichen Matrixkomponente ( der Folie, des Drahtes ) bzw der dazwischenliegenden unverformten, mitverformten oder fragmentierten festigkeitssteigernden Komponente aufweisen. - Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffes nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Matrixkomponente Niob oder Tantal bzw. deren Legierungen und als festigkeitssteigernde Komponente ein Karbid, Oxid oder Nitrid oder deren Mischungen von einem Metall der Gruppe Ti, Zr und Hf verwendet wird.
- Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffes nach Anspruch 1. dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Matrixkomponente Molybdän oder Wolfram bzw. deren Legierungen und als festigkeitssteigernde Komponente ein Karbid. Oxid oder Nitrid oder deren Mischungen eines Metalles der Gruppe Ti, Zr und Hf verwendet wird.
- Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffes nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindung durch Heißisostatisches Pressen erfolgt.
- Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffes nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verbundwerkstoff nach der Verbindung mit einem Umformgrad von mindestens 10 % mechanisch umgeformt wird.
- Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffes nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindung durch mechanisches Umformen erfolgt.
- Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffes nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Umformung mit einem Umformgrad zwischen 50 % und 70 % erfolgt.
- Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffes nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verbundwerkstoff zur Gefügeoptimierung einer Wärmebehandlung unterzogen wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT171/96 | 1996-01-30 | ||
| AT0017196U AT1239U1 (de) | 1996-03-27 | 1996-03-27 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines verbundwerkstoffes |
| AT17196 | 1996-03-27 | ||
| PCT/AT1997/000062 WO1997036015A1 (de) | 1996-03-27 | 1997-03-26 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines verbundwerkstoffes |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0910679A1 EP0910679A1 (de) | 1999-04-28 |
| EP0910679B1 true EP0910679B1 (de) | 2001-07-25 |
Family
ID=3483467
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97913970A Expired - Lifetime EP0910679B1 (de) | 1996-03-27 | 1997-03-26 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines verbundwerkstoffes |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6540130B1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0910679B1 (de) |
| AT (2) | AT1239U1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE59704139D1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1997036015A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20240263290A1 (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2024-08-08 | Beijing Research Institute Of Mechanical&Electrical Technology Co., Ltd.Cam | Preparation method of large-scale die blank for vacuum isothermal forging |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6596100B2 (en) * | 2000-10-03 | 2003-07-22 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Metal-made seamless pipe and process for production thereof |
| AT5079U1 (de) * | 2001-04-30 | 2002-03-25 | Plansee Ag | Verfahren zum fügen eines hochtemperaturwerkstoff-bauteilverbundes |
| US20070034048A1 (en) * | 2003-01-13 | 2007-02-15 | Liu Shaiw-Rong S | Hardmetal materials for high-temperature applications |
| US20040159699A1 (en) * | 2003-02-19 | 2004-08-19 | First Data Corporation | Peripheral point-of-sale systems and methods of using such |
| US20060166027A1 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-07-27 | Dr. Boris Amusin | Impact resistant composite metal structure |
| DE102007033980B3 (de) | 2007-07-19 | 2008-09-25 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Verfahren zur Erfassung einer Werkstoffschädigung |
| US20100272997A1 (en) * | 2007-10-10 | 2010-10-28 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Densification of metal oxides |
| US20090254428A1 (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2009-10-08 | First Data Corporation | Systems and methods for delivering advertising content to point of sale devices |
| US20110092803A1 (en) * | 2009-10-15 | 2011-04-21 | Brian Hynes | Non-invasive dental based fiducial array |
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| US3270412A (en) * | 1962-06-07 | 1966-09-06 | Crucible Steel Co America | Method of producing dispersoid strengthened material |
| US3762026A (en) * | 1963-01-08 | 1973-10-02 | Nuclear Materials And Equip Co | Method of making a high temperature body of uniform porosity |
| US3296695A (en) * | 1963-11-18 | 1967-01-10 | Handy & Harman | Production of plural-phase alloys |
| US3885959A (en) * | 1968-03-25 | 1975-05-27 | Int Nickel Co | Composite metal bodies |
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| US3895923A (en) * | 1969-12-30 | 1975-07-22 | Texas Instruments Inc | High strength metal carbonitrided composite article |
| US3945555A (en) | 1972-05-24 | 1976-03-23 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Production of beryllium reinforced composite solid and hollow shafting |
| US3795042A (en) * | 1972-08-22 | 1974-03-05 | United Aircraft Corp | Method for producing composite materials |
| FR2334182A1 (fr) * | 1975-12-03 | 1977-07-01 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd | Cable comportant un compose supraconducteur et procede de fabrication d'un tel cable |
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| US5244748A (en) * | 1989-01-27 | 1993-09-14 | Technical Research Associates, Inc. | Metal matrix coated fiber composites and the methods of manufacturing such composites |
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-
1996
- 1996-03-27 AT AT0017196U patent/AT1239U1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1997
- 1997-03-26 EP EP97913970A patent/EP0910679B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-26 AT AT97913970T patent/ATE203571T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-26 WO PCT/AT1997/000062 patent/WO1997036015A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1997-03-26 US US09/155,258 patent/US6540130B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-26 DE DE59704139T patent/DE59704139D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20240263290A1 (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2024-08-08 | Beijing Research Institute Of Mechanical&Electrical Technology Co., Ltd.Cam | Preparation method of large-scale die blank for vacuum isothermal forging |
| US12116659B2 (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2024-10-15 | Beijing Research Institute Of Mehcnaical & Electrical Technology Co. Ltd.Cam | Preparation method of large-scale die blank for vacuum isothermal forging |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1997036015A1 (de) | 1997-10-02 |
| EP0910679A1 (de) | 1999-04-28 |
| DE59704139D1 (de) | 2001-08-30 |
| ATE203571T1 (de) | 2001-08-15 |
| AT1239U1 (de) | 1997-01-27 |
| US6540130B1 (en) | 2003-04-01 |
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