EP0905813B1 - Filtre de polarisation pour l' illumination d' une antenne - Google Patents

Filtre de polarisation pour l' illumination d' une antenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0905813B1
EP0905813B1 EP98402074A EP98402074A EP0905813B1 EP 0905813 B1 EP0905813 B1 EP 0905813B1 EP 98402074 A EP98402074 A EP 98402074A EP 98402074 A EP98402074 A EP 98402074A EP 0905813 B1 EP0905813 B1 EP 0905813B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waveguide
rectangular
attached
shaped body
cavity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98402074A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0905813A3 (fr
EP0905813A2 (fr
Inventor
Daniel Dr. Wojtkowiak
Karl-Heinz Reimann
Hans-Peter Quade
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent SAS
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Alcatel Lucent SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel Lucent SAS filed Critical Alcatel Lucent SAS
Publication of EP0905813A2 publication Critical patent/EP0905813A2/fr
Publication of EP0905813A3 publication Critical patent/EP0905813A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0905813B1 publication Critical patent/EP0905813B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/16—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion
    • H01P1/161—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a polarization diverter for illuminating the parabolic reflector of a directional antenna, consisting of a suitable for simultaneous transmission of two orthogonal, linearly polarized electromagnetic waves, designed as a waveguide shaped body, to which two the two electromagnetic waves separated leading rectangular waveguide are connected, in which a rectangular waveguide in the course of the shaped body is connected with its end face in the radial direction incident on the same with the wall, wherein between the radially connected rectangular waveguide and the associated, designed as a diaphragm opening designed as a cavity with an approximately rectangular cross-section first junction is mounted while the other rectangular waveguide is connected to the same at one end face of the shaped body, and in which both rectangular waveguide electromagnetically verbu the openings via openings nden, between which a short-circuit element is disposed within the same.
  • a polarization filter is known from GB 767 518 ,
  • Directional antennas are used to wirelessly transmit electromagnetic waves from one place to another. They are used, for example, for radio relay, satellite radio and radio location and should have the highest possible efficiency. For this they are equipped with exciters, which have a very high attenuation of the sidelobes in the disturbing directions, good adaptation and high profit for the antennas.
  • the pathogens which are usually equipped with a feeding horn, can be arranged at the focal point in the case of parabolic antennas.
  • the antennas can also be equipped as so-called "backfire antennas" with a sub-reflector.
  • Antennas are also known which are used for two separate electromagnetic waves. In such antennas, a polarization diverter is used, in which two feed lines lead the two waves separately.
  • the two waves are separated with reduced effort.
  • the second rectangular waveguide is connected to one of its flat sides on one end face of the polarization diverter. This end face is closed by the second rectangular waveguide.
  • the two rectangular waveguides are thereby connected with 90 ° offset from each other polarization direction of the polarization switch.
  • the two waves are therefore fed directly at right angles to each other. They are perfectly decoupled in this way without additional parts.
  • adjustable tuning elements are used for anechoic coupling and decoupling of the waves adjustable tuning elements.
  • the invention has for its object to make the initially described polarization switch easier.
  • This object is achieved according to the teaching of claim 1.
  • This polarization filter is easy to produce. Before attaching the two rectangular waveguide need only the two transitions formed in the molding or with to be connected to it. Thereafter, the two rectangular waveguides can be connected directly and without additional elements to the molding or the second transition. The two transitions ensure reflection-free coupling and decoupling of the shafts for both rectangular waveguides. An additional vote is not required. Separate tuning elements can therefore be dispensed with.
  • the reflector of a parabolic antenna is referred to, which is a so-called “backfire antenna” in the illustrated embodiment.
  • a polarization diverter 2 is arranged, the structure of which is apparent from FIGS. 2 to 7 in more detail.
  • To the polarization splitter 2 are two connected to a transmitting and receiving device rectangular waveguide 3 and 4 - hereinafter referred to as "first waveguide 3" and “second waveguide 4" called - connected.
  • the trained according to the subreflector principle exciter 5 is also connected via a waveguide 6 with the polarization splitter 2.
  • the polarization splitter 2 can also be used for direct illumination of the reflector 1.
  • the polarization splitter 2 is shown enlarged in FIG. It consists of a hollow body enclosing molded body 7, which has a square cross-section in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the shaped body 7 could also have a round or geometrically arbitrary cross-section.
  • the enclosed hollow conductor can have a circular or square cross-section.
  • the first waveguide 3 is connected to the molded body 7 so that it is fixed radially on the same tapered with its end face on the wall.
  • the second waveguide 4 is connected with its end face at the free end of the second transition 8. It is rotated at its connection point on the molding 7 by 90 ° relative to the first waveguide 3.
  • an opening is mounted in the wall of the molding 7, which is designed as a diaphragm 9.
  • the two separately fed via the same electromagnetic waves rotated by 90 ° in their polarization direction in the waveguide of the molded body 7 is fed. This is indicated by the drawn in Figs. 3 and 4 arrows.
  • FIG. 3 shows an end view of the second transition 8.
  • the two guided by the waveguides 3 and 4 waves are properly decoupled in this way in the feed, so that no elements are required for the decoupling in the waveguide of the molding 7 itself.
  • On or in the molded body 7 only elements are provided to ensure a reflection and trouble-free guidance of the waves.
  • connection points of the two waveguides 3 and 4 or between the aperture 9 and the second transition 8 an example of pins 10 existing shorting element can be provided.
  • the short-circuit element can also be designed as a sheet metal. It is achieved by the fact that the wave fed by the first waveguide 3 can propagate only in the direction of the open end A of the shaped body 7.
  • connection points of the two waveguides 3 and 4 and the waveguide of the molded body 7 transitions are arranged, which ensure a low-reflection coupling of the waves in the waveguide. These transitions are shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 in a further enlarged representation:
  • the first transition according to FIGS. 5 and 6 is provided for the first waveguide 3. It consists of a cavity 11 with an approximately rectangular cross section, at the end of the aperture 9 is located. "Approximately rectangular” means that the corners do not have to be rectangular. They can - due to production - also be rounded.
  • two webs 12 and 13 are mounted, which are in alignment with each other. They are from the wider walls of the cavity 11 from.
  • the webs 12 and 13 extend in the axial direction of the cavity 11. They have a distance X from each other, which is preferably 50% to 90% of the determined by the shorter walls height H of the cavity 11. Its axial length is dimensioned as a function of the wavelength ⁇ of the guided in the first waveguide 3 wave.
  • the webs 12 and 13 therefore do not necessarily extend over the entire length of the cavity 11. Their length is preferably between 0.25 ⁇ and 0.5 ⁇ .
  • the first waveguide 3 is connected directly to the cavity 11, as it is indicated in Fig. 6.
  • the second transition 8 lies between the second waveguide 4 and the shaped body 7, the enclosed waveguide of which forms the opening for coupling the shaft. It is designed as a step transition, with the usual technique, for example, a rectangular waveguide with a circular or square waveguide is connectable.
  • the second transition 8 has as well as the cavity 11 has an approximately rectangular cavity.
  • the individual steps have a rectangular cross-section with rounded corners.
  • the second transition 8 has three stages S1, S2 and S3.
  • the second waveguide 4 is connected with its front side directly to the second transition 8.
  • the central axis of the second waveguide 4 is equal to the central axis of the shaped body 7.
  • the second waveguide 4 can also be offset and attached to the second transition 8. Its central axis is then offset, for example, in the direction of the electric field with respect to the central axis of the molded body 7.
  • the molded body 7 shown in Fig. 2, for example, as a galvanoplastics are made in one piece and very accurate, so that the low-reflection feeding of the waves can be improved.
  • the polarization splitter 2 has been described above in the case that two waves are sent simultaneously, that is to be emitted by the reflector 1. However, it is just as well suited for the simultaneous reception of two rotated by 90 ° in their polarization direction waves. This polarization switch can also be used for simultaneous transmission and reception of one of these waves.

Landscapes

  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Aiguillage de polarisation (2) permettant d'illuminer le réflecteur parabolique (1) d'une antenne directive, constitué d'un élément moulé (7) ayant la forme d'un guide d'ondes de nature à permettre la transmission simultanée de deux ondes électromagnétiques orthogonales et polarisées de manière rectiligne, auquel sont raccordés deux guides d'ondes rectangulaires (3, 4) guidant séparément les deux ondes électromagnétiques, avec lequel un guide d'ondes rectangulaire (3) est relié au profil de l'élément moulé avec sa face de devant dans la direction radiale dudit élément moulé de manière incidente avec la paroi dudit élément moulé, un premier transformateur d'impédance ayant la forme d'un espace creux comportant une section transversale à peu près carrée étant monté entre le guide d'ondes rectangulaire (3) raccordé radialement et l'ouverture associée ayant la forme d'un filtre (9), tandis que l'autre guide d'ondes rectangulaire (4) est raccordé à une face de devant (8) de l'élément moulé audit élément moulé, et avec lequel les deux guides d'ondes rectangulaires (3, 4) sont reliés électromagnétiquement à l'élément moulé par l'intermédiaire des ouvertures, entre lesquelles un élément de court-circuit (10) est disposé à l'intérieur dudit élément moulé, caractérisé en ce que,
    - deux barres (12, 13) se faisant face sont disposées s'étendant dans la direction de l'axe de l'espace creux (11), éloignées des parois plus larges de l'espace creux (11) et en alignement l'une par rapport à l'autre et
    - un second transformateur d'impédance (8) s'étendant en échelons et entourant un espace creux comportant une section transversale carrée est monté entre l'élément moulé (7) et le guide d'ondes rectangulaire (4) raccordé sur la face, le guide d'ondes rectangulaire (4) étant relié avec sa face de devant au second transformateur d'impédance (8).
  2. Aiguillage de polarisation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'axe métallique du guide d'ondes rectangulaire raccordé sur la face (4) est pareil à l'axe métallique de l'élément moulé (7).
  3. Aiguillage de polarisation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la distance (X) séparant les deux barres (12, 13) l'une de l'autre se situe de 50 % à 90 % de la hauteur (H), déterminée par les parois plus courtes de l'espace creux (11).
  4. Aiguillage de polarisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la longueur axiale des deux barres (12, 13) se situe entre 0,25 fois et 0,5 fois la longueur d'onde de l'onde dans le guide d'ondes.
EP98402074A 1997-09-24 1998-08-14 Filtre de polarisation pour l' illumination d' une antenne Expired - Lifetime EP0905813B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19741999A DE19741999A1 (de) 1997-09-24 1997-09-24 Polarisationsweiche zur Ausleuchtung einer Antenne
DE19741999 1997-09-24

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0905813A2 EP0905813A2 (fr) 1999-03-31
EP0905813A3 EP0905813A3 (fr) 2000-04-12
EP0905813B1 true EP0905813B1 (fr) 2007-12-19

Family

ID=7843376

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98402074A Expired - Lifetime EP0905813B1 (fr) 1997-09-24 1998-08-14 Filtre de polarisation pour l' illumination d' une antenne

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6130649A (fr)
EP (1) EP0905813B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR19990030061A (fr)
AU (1) AU739731B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE19741999A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19961237A1 (de) * 1999-12-18 2001-06-21 Alcatel Sa Antenne zur Abstrahlung und zum Empfang elektromagnetischer Wellen
US7053849B1 (en) 2004-11-26 2006-05-30 Andrew Corporation Switchable polarizer
US8077103B1 (en) 2007-07-07 2011-12-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Cup waveguide antenna with integrated polarizer and OMT

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB767518A (en) * 1954-02-08 1957-02-06 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements relating to electrical waveguide systems
US3369197A (en) * 1965-01-05 1968-02-13 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Waveguide mode coupler
US3696434A (en) * 1971-01-15 1972-10-03 Radiation Inc Independent mode antenna feed system
US3864688A (en) * 1972-03-24 1975-02-04 Andrew Corp Cross-polarized parabolic antenna
US4077039A (en) * 1976-12-20 1978-02-28 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Launching and/or receiving network for an antenna feedhorn
US4258366A (en) * 1979-01-31 1981-03-24 Nasa Multifrequency broadband polarized horn antenna
FR2582449B1 (fr) * 1979-07-24 1988-08-26 Thomson Csf Dispositif diplexeur de polarisations a large bande et antenne associee a un radar ou a un dispositif de contre-mesure comportant un tel dispositif
IT1155664B (it) * 1982-03-25 1987-01-28 Sip Dispositivo di guida d onda per la separazione di segnali a radiofrequenza di diversa frequenza e polarizzazione
DE3241890A1 (de) * 1982-11-12 1984-05-17 kabelmetal electro GmbH, 3000 Hannover Polarisationsweiche mit speisehorn
US4797681A (en) * 1986-06-05 1989-01-10 Hughes Aircraft Company Dual-mode circular-polarization horn
CA1260609A (fr) * 1986-09-12 1989-09-26 Her Majesty The Queen, In Right Of Canada, As Represented By The Minister Of National Defence Systeme d'alimentation multiband a large bande passante avec diversite de polarisation
US5162808A (en) * 1990-12-18 1992-11-10 Prodelin Corporation Antenna feed with selectable relative polarization
DE4113760C2 (de) * 1991-04-26 1994-09-01 Hirschmann Richard Gmbh Co Anordnung zur Umwandlung eines Mikrowellentyps
US5434585A (en) * 1992-11-20 1995-07-18 Gardiner Communications, Inc. Microwave antenna having a ground isolated feedhorn
DE29511273U1 (de) * 1995-07-12 1995-09-21 Alcatel Kabel AG & Co., 30179 Hannover Polarisationsweiche zur Ausleuchtung einer Antenne

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0905813A3 (fr) 2000-04-12
US6130649A (en) 2000-10-10
DE59814142D1 (de) 2008-01-31
AU8422098A (en) 1999-04-15
KR19990030061A (ko) 1999-04-26
EP0905813A2 (fr) 1999-03-31
AU739731B2 (en) 2001-10-18
DE19741999A1 (de) 1999-03-25

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