EP0897999B1 - Method and apparatus for contactless energy and signal transfer in textile machines, in particular in twisting machines - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for non-contact energy and signal transmission on textile machines, especially twisting machines with the features from the preamble of claim 1, and a Facility to carry out this procedure with the Features from the preamble of claim 11.

A method and a facility with those listed there Features is known and in DE-C-1 510 854 for described a twisting machine. In the known facility the energy transfer takes place between the stationary arranged primary side and also arranged stationary Secondary side of a transformer, being between the thread balloon runs through the two transformer halves. More detailed information on the design of the transformer are not specified in this publication. The described However, embodiments show that the transformer exclusively for the transfer of small services suitable is. The use of Iron coil cores at transmission frequencies of more 1000 Hz. For higher services, i.e. services above That would be 50 W due to the high magnetic loss Power losses occurring without expensive additional cooling measures can no longer be removed. On Another disadvantage of the known arrangement is that due to the analog control described Functional units (change in the primary voltage of the Transformers) several transformer units required as soon as several functional units (e.g. brake and Motor) should be controlled. Another, principal The disadvantage of an analog control method is that that high-precision controls e.g. accurate speed controls of engines are not feasible, especially when large air gap the tolerances of winding design and air gap adjustment with reasonable effort can be observed with sufficient accuracy and a Data transmission e.g. not possible due to setpoint specification is.

A contactless transmission of signals and electrical Energy is also described in EP-0 525 495 A1. In this known arrangement, an axial transformer arrangement with a primary winding and a secondary winding and a core made of ferromagnetic material used for additional, contactless transmission of alternating signals in the immediate area of the Primary winding and secondary winding at least one Sender and at least one receiver are arranged, the alternately to transmitter and receiver electronics connectable, designed as flat antennas and with the primary winding, the secondary winding and / or the core of the transformer are combined into one unit.

The primary winding and the secondary winding of the transformer rotatably arranged relative to each other his. By using two of these, as an axial transmission from well-known, well-known transformers in principle it is possible for a textile machine Energy and signal transmission from a first stationary Component through a rotatable component to one to transfer second stationary component. With the at Textile machines sometimes very high speeds (> 10,000 rpm), however, there is no reliable construction achieve. Experiments with such arrangements repeatedly show the technical limits caused by the lack of centrifugal strength of the brittle and Cracking ferrite material. This also applies if the transformer is designed as a radial transformer.

Furthermore, in these known arrangements Signal transmission parallel to energy transmission on separate Because of additional windings or about when Antennas, additional inductive or capacitive Coupling elements. If additional windings are used become, this leads to undesirably large installation space. When arranging antennas for power and Data transmission usually has different carrier frequencies used, that is, the energy transfer usually takes place in the kHz range during signal transmission in the MHz range. The necessary for this Component effort leads to increased costs, which are particularly common in textile machine construction Multi-position machines are not to be represented.

DE 41 25 145 A1 also relates to a device for contactless transmission of electrical energy and Alternating signals with an axial transformer arrangement Primary and secondary winding and a ferromagnetic core Material in the immediate area of the Primary winding and secondary winding at least one Transmitter and a receiver are arranged as flat Antennas are formed, with primary winding and secondary winding together with the assigned antennas against each other be slidable or rotatable can. Regarding the use of such a device for energy and signal transmission on a textile machine what has been said regarding the above-mentioned publication applies.

DE 195 45 220 A1 describes an arrangement for contactless Transfer signals between each other linearly Movable vehicle parts known, in particular for Transmission of energy and control signals between the Body of a vehicle and the driver or front passenger seat is thought. The arrangement has a transformer, its primary and secondary winding in separate shell cores lying as rails sliding along each other are trained, which have such profiles that they together a closed circuit for the magnetic Flow between the primary and secondary windings form. With this arrangement, however, is an energy and Signal transmission on a textile machine through a rotatable Component not possible.

1) Es können beliebig viele Funktionselemente des von dem bewegten Bauteil umschlossenen zweiten stationären Bauteils gesteuert werden;

2) das bewegte Bauteil kann mit hoher Drehzahl (z.B. mehr als 10.000 Upm) rotieren;

3) es ist eine Energieübertragung mit Leistungen > 50 W über einen relativ großen Luftspalt (> 1 mm) möglich;

4) es ist eine bevorzugt unidirektionale alternativ auch bidirektionale Datenübertragung ohne zusätzliche, als Antennen ausgebildete induktive bzw. kapazitive Koppelelemente möglich.

The invention has for its object to provide a method of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1 that is moved across an air gap through the at least one component or a thread balloon, from the first stationary component, for example the machine frame of a twisting machine, to which second stationary component, for example a twisting spindle, electrical energy and signals can be transmitted such that the following conditions are met:

1) Any number of functional elements of the second stationary component enclosed by the moving component can be controlled;

2) the moving component can rotate at high speed (for example more than 10,000 rpm);

3) energy transmission with powers> 50 W is possible via a relatively large air gap (> 1 mm);

4) A preferably unidirectional or alternatively also bidirectional data transmission is possible without additional inductive or capacitive coupling elements designed as antennas.

This object is achieved with the Features from the characterizing part of the claim 1. Advantageous further developments of the method are in the dependent claims 2 to 9 described. An institution

is the subject of carrying out the method according to the invention of claim 10. Advantageous further developments of this Device are in the dependent claims 11 to 19 described.

The basic idea of the invention is energy and Data or control signals by means of a common carrier signal to be transmitted as the signals to be transmitted Frequency modulation are impressed, the evaluation of the frequency hopping to a bit serial Data stream leads, which are combined into data bytes or words and thus any number of control commands and / or Setpoint specifications for any number of functional elements enable.

As functional elements arranged in the second stationary component come apart from thread brakes, twisted wing brakes and the like also motors in question, for example serve to drive spinning units, which in one Thread spindle within the one defined by the thread balloon Are arranged space. Such devices are used for Production of a thread in an integrated spin-twist process and are described for example in DE 43 31 801 C1.

The device for performing the invention Procedure is based on the knowledge that a transfer the required performance is only possible if the one used To the transformer in a very special way conditions are adjusted. The characteristics to carry out the method according to the invention suitable transformers are described in claim 10, subject to particularly advantageous embodiments of dependent claims 11 to 17. With such a Training and arrangement of primary and secondary parts of the transformer it is possible to achieve higher performances minimized apparent power consumption and low Magnetic loss transfer without additional Cooling measures become necessary.

The following are based on the attached drawings Exemplary embodiments for the method according to the invention and facilities for its implementation are explained in more detail.

Figur 1

in einer stark schematisierten Schnittdarstellung eine Zwirnspindel mit geführtem Fadenballon und zwei innerhalb der Zwirnspindel angeordneten Spinnaggregaten, zu denen aus dem Außenraum Energie und Signale übertragen werden;

Figur 2

in einer Darstellung analog Figur 1, eine Zwirnspindel mit freiem Fadenballon und zwei vom Außenraum her mit Energie und Signalen versorgten Spinnaggregaten;

Figur 3

im Horizontalschnitt die Ausbildung des Transformators zur Energie- und Signalübertragung bei den Zwirnspindeln nach Figur 1 und 2;

Figur 4

in einem Prinzipschaltbild die elektrischen Bauelemente der Einrichtung zur Energie- und Signalübertragung bei den Zwirnspindeln nach Figur 1 oder 2;

Die Figuren 5A bis 5C

erläutern in Zeitdiagrammen ein Ausführungsbeispiel für eine bitserielles Übertragungsverfahren von Signalen mittels Frequenzmodulation.

The drawings show:

Figure 1

in a highly schematic sectional view, a twisting spindle with a guided thread balloon and two spinning units arranged inside the twisting spindle, to which energy and signals are transmitted from the outside;

Figure 2

in a representation analogous to FIG. 1, a twisting spindle with a free thread balloon and two spinning units supplied with energy and signals from the outside;

Figure 3

in horizontal section the design of the transformer for energy and signal transmission in the twisting spindles according to Figures 1 and 2;

Figure 4

in a schematic diagram the electrical components of the device for energy and signal transmission in the twisting spindles according to Figure 1 or 2;

Figures 5A to 5C

explain in time diagrams an embodiment for a bit-serial transmission method of signals by means of frequency modulation.

Figure 1 shows a highly schematic representation Double wire twisting spindle 1 of the type, as for example is shown and described in DE 43 31 801 C1.

The spindle has an outer housing 2 in which a spindle rotor disk 3 is rotatably mounted, the thread guide channel 3.1 and can be driven via a whorl 3.4 is. On the outer circumference of the spindle rotor disc 3 is as Thread guiding element attached to a balloon limiter 3.2. In the inner end of the thread guide channel 3.1 opens as part of the Hollow spindle axis bent at its lower end Thread guide tube 3.3. Above the spindle rotor disc 3 is a chamber 8 with the interposition of a bearing 8.1 secured against rotation, preferably the shape of a cylinder, and a bottom 8.2, an outer wall 8.3 and includes a removable lid, not shown. Within this chamber 8 are two rotor spinning devices R1 and R2 housed, the spinning rotors of each Electric motors 4 and 5 are driven. The electric motors 4 and 5 are over lines 4.1. or 5.1 with one electronic assembly 7 connected to the floor 8.2 the chamber 8 is arranged. The electronic assembly 7 is connected to the secondary part 6.2 of a transformer 6, whose primary part 6.1 in the wall of the outer housing 2 is fixed.

It is pointed out that in FIGS. 1 and 2 all for the supply and control of the electric motors 4 and 5 insignificant parts of the twisting spindle are omitted are.

In operation, the rotor spinners R1 and R2 fiber material dissolved in a manner not shown fed from the outside through the thread balloon. The inside of the spinning rotors according to the usual open-end process Spun threads are made from the above open spinning rotors pulled upwards and not in merged in a way shown in a point of union, from where they work according to the double wire principle be united into a twine by being axially through the double wire twisting spindle along the spindle axis deducted and after exiting the radial Thread guide channel 3.1 to form a thread balloon to a lying in the extension of the hollow spindle axis, subtracted centering point, not shown, and from there usually continued to a thread winding unit become.

Details of this can be found in DE 43 31 801 C1.

Another embodiment of a twisting spindle is shown in FIG shown, which is different from the embodiment only differs according to Figure 1 in that here is working with a free thread balloon and thus the balloon limiter connected to the spindle rotor disc eliminated. In Figure 2 are those of the embodiment Figure 1 corresponding components with the same reference numerals referred to, each with an apostrophe are provided. Regarding the construction of the spindle refer to the description of Figure 1.

In both embodiments, the electrical energy to drive the electric motors 4 and 5 or 4 'and 5' the transformer 6 or 6 'supplied. Continue to be Signals to control the two electric motors as well supplied via the transformer 6 or 6 '. This will continue explained in more detail below.

In Figure 3 is easy compared to Figures 1 and 2 enlarged the arrangement of the transformer 6 the twisting spindle, which is only indicated by dashed lines here, shown. The primary part of the transformer 6 is in the wall 3.2 of the stationary outer housing, while the secondary part 6.2 in the also stationary Wall 8.3 of the chamber 8 is arranged. Between these an air gap 9, whose Width is such that the thread balloon and the Embodiment according to Figure 1, the balloon limiter through can be moved through it.

The primary part 6.1 of the transformer 6 has a primary winding 6.11 wound on a bobbin 6.13 is, and preferably a U-core or E-core Ferrite core. The secondary part has a secondary winding 6.21 wound on a bobbin 6.23 is, and preferably as a U-core or as an E-core trained ferrite core 6.22. The two cores are axially aligned and at a distance of the width of the air gap 9 arranged from each other. As can be seen in FIG. 3, are the two ferrite cores 6.12 and 6.22 in view on the length of their thighs and the formation of the End faces of the legs to the contour of the air gap 9 adjusted and follow its curvature. The mutual distance the outer legs of each of the cores 6.12 and 6.22 is several times (preferably> 4) larger than that Width, preferably> 2 mm, of the air gap 9. Since the between the primary and secondary side of the transformer 6 rotating unit made of an electrically non-conductive Material must exist in the embodiment Figure 1 of the balloon limiter 3.2 in the through the transformer 6 passing section a window 3.21 that is closed with a plastic material.

It can also be seen from Figure 3 that both on Primary part 6.1 and the windings on the secondary part 6.2 6.11 and 6.21 are arranged so that their on the air gap 9 adjacent parts also to the contour of the Air gaps are adjusted and follow its curvature. On in this way, the windings 6.11 and 6.22 except for the smallest possible distance to the air gap 9. In addition, the secondary winding 6.21 is still designed that their parts facing away from the air gap 9 also are adapted to the contour of the air gap 9 and in essentially follow its curvature. This is done by a with bevelled part 6.24 of the bobbin reached.

The electrical energy is transmitted in the medium frequency range (10 to 30 kHz) in order to be able to realize acceptable sizes. The use of ferrite cores ensures that the magnetic losses are low and that no additional cooling measures are required even at higher powers. For example, the following performance data could be achieved: Width of the air gap 4.5 mm efficiency 93% Transferable performance approx. 400 - 500 W. Apparent power required approx.2,500 VA

Of course, it is possible in the training of the Transformer 6 on the bobbin as a winding carrier to do without, a prefabricated, fixed coil directly attached to the core by casting.

Because of the transformer 6 except for driving the Electric motors 4 and 5 require electrical energy also transfer data for the setpoint specification of engine operation in the following, this data transmission explained with reference to Figures 4 and 5A to 5C.

FIG. 4 shows the circuit for Supply of electrical energy, as well as the signals the outside through the transformer 6 in the interior of the Thread spindle 1 or 1 '.

The only winding of the primary part 6.1 of the transformer 6 is connected to the output of a control unit 10, the one in addition to the mains voltage in not shown Control signals (e.g. start, stop, setpoint speed) are supplied become. In this control unit 10, here generated carrier signal that has a frequency between Can have 10 and 30 kHz and that for energy transmission serves, assigned to the control signals a control signal specific Frequency modulation imprinted. The resulting frequency-modulated signal is from the primary part 6.1 of the transformer 6 transferred to the secondary part 6.2. So there is both energy transfer, as well as data transmission over the same winding of the primary part and the secondary part.

The secondary part 6.2 is via a rectifier bridge 11 and optionally a voltage stabilization 12 to the Energy inputs of components connected in figure 4 referred to as "functional element 1" and "functional element N" are, and in the present example by the two Electric motors 4 and 5 are represented. Of course can also be used here for other functional elements of the Thread spindle connected. Furthermore, the secondary part 6.2 of the transformer 6 via a voltage comparator connected amplifier 13 to the "evaluation electronics" designated electronic assembly 7 inside connected to the chamber 8 of the twisting spindle. This electronic assembly, e.g. a microprocessor contains, evaluates occurring frequency changes accordingly the procedure described below.

FIG. 5A shows a possible voltage curve over time of the frequency-modulated primary voltage / secondary voltage generated by the control unit 10. In the exemplary embodiment, these signals are designed as square-wave signals. However, it can be both sinusoidal and rectangular. After passing through the amplifier 13, which is connected as a voltage comparator, a square-wave voltage is present at the input of the evaluation electronics 7, regardless of the rectangular or sine shape of the voltage fed in. As long as no data is being transmitted, the supply voltage of frequency f _B (base frequency) is present at electronic unit 7. As soon as data is transmitted, the frequency of the supply voltage changes according to the bit pattern to be transmitted between the base frequency f _B and a second frequency f _O (offset frequency). These frequency jumps detected by the electronic unit are shown in FIG. 5B. The frequency changes such as level changes in asynchronous transmission methods are evaluated in the electronic unit 7. The interpretation of the signals in the evaluation electronics is shown in FIG. 5C. The frequency f _{B is} fed in to transmit a high level (bit = 1) and the frequency f _O to transmit a low level (bit = 0). The frequency f _O can optionally be greater or smaller than the base frequency f _B , the frequency / level assignment of course having to be interpreted or evaluated in the same way in the control unit 10 and evaluation unit 7. A high-low edge change is interpreted as a start bit.

A method is illustrated in FIGS. 5A to 5C, in which the frequency change within a period the supplied AC voltage is evaluated. Naturally can also use integer period numbers N for detection the frequency change are agreed or defined, the interference immunity of the process e.g. by averaging to increase. In a further variant, too a different integer number of consecutive Pulses of the same frequency agreed or defined be the number N and M for the two frequencies can be chosen so differently that approximately same times for the transmission of low and high levels result (this is the usual asynchronous transmission method the next). Because of the inevitable interference signals such a transmission path is sensible in all of the aforementioned variants, thanks to the evaluation electronics Edge changes only in such Evaluate time windows that correspond to the agreed period of base and offset frequencies.

In the evaluation method shown in FIG. 5C a 10-bit frame (a start bit, 8 data bits and a Stop bit) is used. The bits transmitted are through the evaluation electronics combined into a data word (byte). Of course, the bits can also be used for data structures consisting of any number of data bytes combined become. With this procedure are defined at Data structures any number of different setpoint sizes or control commands can be transmitted. A transferred Data block can be created in a known manner by checksuming (e.g. CRC check) are saved so that transmission errors recognized and taken into account by the evaluation electronics can. Transmission errors lead to a standstill of the controlled motors. This can be done by simple sensors outside the rotating device unit can be detected.

Alternatively, the evaluation electronics can modulate the Cause current consumption caused by current sensors in the converter of the primary energy supply evaluated becomes. The error-free data transmission can thus be acknowledged become.

When using such current sensors in a Another variant of the invention also any data blocks transmitted and detected by current modulation, so that bidirectional data transmission is also possible becomes.

Claims (19)

1. A process for the contactless transmission of energy and signals to textile machines, in particular twisting machines, from a first stationary component over an air gap of predetermined width to a second stationary component, with at least one component or object of electrically non-conductive material being moved through the air gap, in particular from the machine frame of a twisting machine to a twisting spindle, through the balloon of thread rotating in the air gap, in which process an a.c. voltage signal having a frequency of at least 10 kHz is transmitted by inductive transmission via a transformer whereof the primary side is arranged on the first component and whereof the secondary side is arranged on the second component, there being an air gap between the primary part and the secondary part, characterised in that a transformer having only one pair of windings is used, via which energy and signals are transmitted by means of a common carrier signal, with the carrier signal itself serving to transmit energy, while the signals to be transmitted are impressed on the carrier signal in the form of frequency modulation such that the carrier signal jumps between two frequency values at a fixed predetermined spacing, and frequency jumps are evaluated on the secondary side as bit-serial signals from which control signals are generated.
2. A process according to Claim 1, characterised in that the frequency jumps of the carrier signal are evaluated within the duration of a period of the carrier signal.
3. A process according to Claim 1, characterised in that the frequency jumps are impressed on the carrier signal with a predetermined number of periods and are evaluated within the duration of these periods.
4. A process according to Claim 3, characterised in that the number of periods with which the frequency jumps are impressed on the carrier signal is the same for the two predetermined frequency values.
5. A process according to Claim 3, characterised in that the number of periods with which the frequency jumps are impressed on the carrier signal is different for the two predetermined frequency values.
6. A process according to Claim 5, characterised in that the number of periods with which the frequency jumps are impressed on the carrier signal is selected to be different for the two predetermined frequency values in such a way that approximately the same times result for transmission of the two frequency values.
7. A process according to one of Claims 2 to 6, characterised in that the transmitted bits are grouped together into data words or blocks on evaluation.
8. A process according to Claim 7, characterised in that the data words or blocks are secured by check sum formation, and if a transmission error is detected switching procedures are triggered or suppressed and/or alarm signals are triggered.
9. A process according to Claim 8, characterised in that the power consumption of the energy supplied is monitored, and changes in current are evaluated in order to generate acknowledgement signals.
10. A device for carrying out the process according to one of Claims 1 to 9 in a system having at least one substantially cylindrical first stationary component, in particular the outer housing of a twisting spindle, and at least one second stationary component which lies opposite at least part of the inside of the first component at a predetermined spacing defining an air gap, in particular the inner housing of a twisting spindle, with at least one object of electrically non-conductive material, in particular a balloon of thread, being movable through the air gap, the device having a transformer whereof the primary part is arranged on the first component and whereof the secondary part is arranged on the second component, with the primary part and the secondary part each having a winding arranged on a core and lying opposite one another in axial alignment with respect to one another, in the radial direction with respect to the second component spaced by the width of the air gap, and the primary part being connected to an a.c. generator, while the secondary part is connected to electrical devices arranged in the second component, characterised in that the two cores (6.12, 6.22) of the transformer (6) are matched on their mutually opposing sides, in particular the mutually opposing end faces of their limbs, to the contour of the air gap (9), in particular to its radius of curvature, and the mutual spacing of the two limbs of each core (6.12, 6.22) is larger by a multiple than the width of the air gap (9).
11. A device according to Claim 10, characterised in that on each of the two cores (6.12, 6.22) of the transformer (6) the parts of the winding (6.11, 6.21) adjacent to the air gap (9) are matched to the contour of the air gap (9), in particular to its radius of curvature, and are brought up to the air gap, leaving only the smallest possible spacing, over the entire width of the core.
12. A device according to Claim 11, characterised in that the parts of the core and the winding of the transformer (6) which are remote from the air gap (9) are matched to the contour of the air gap (9), in particular to its radius of curvature.
13. A device according to Claim 12, characterised in that the air gap > 2 mm.
14. A device according to Claim 12, characterised in that the cores are U-shaped or E-shaped.
15. A device according to Claim 13 or 14, characterised in that the spacing between the limbs > 4 times the air gap.
16. A device according to Claim 13, characterised in that the radius of curvature is between 40 and 100 mm.
17. A device according to Claim 10, characterised in that the two cores (6.12, 6.22) of the transformer (6) are constructed as ferrite cores.
18. A device according to one of Claims 10 to 17, characterised by evaluation electronics (7) connected to the secondary part (6.2) of the transformer (6), for generating the control signals, the evaluation electronics (7) containing for example a microprocessor and having connected thereto functional elements (4, 5) arranged in the second stationary component.
19. A device according to Claim 18, characterised in that the functional elements are electric motors (4, 5) which drive rotor spinning devices (R1, R2) arranged inside a twisting spindle.

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