EP0897999A2 - Method and apparatus for contactless energy and signal transfer in textile machines, in particular in twisting machines - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for contactless energy and signal transmission to textile machines, in particular twisting machines, and a device for carrying out the method. The energy and signal transmission takes place from a first stationary component (2) via an air gap (9) through which a thread balloon is moved, to a second stationary component (8.3), for example from the machine frame of a twisting machine into the interior of a thread spindle enclosed by the thread balloon . An alternating voltage signal is transmitted as a carrier signal via a transformer (6), the primary part (6.1) of which is arranged on the first component (2) and the secondary part (6.2) of which is arranged on the second component (8.3). The air gap (9) is passed between the primary part (6.1) and the secondary part (6.2). The transformer (6) has only one pair of windings via which energy is transmitted by means of the carrier signal and additional signals. For this purpose, the signals to be transmitted are impressed on the carrier signal as frequency modulation in such a way that the carrier signal jumps between two frequency values which have a fixed predetermined distance and frequency jumps are evaluated on the secondary side as bit-serial signals from which control signals are generated. The transformer (6) is designed such that the opposite end faces are adapted to the contour of the air gap (9). <IMAGE>

Description

The present invention relates to a method for non-contact energy and signal transmission on textile machines, especially twisting machines with the features from the preamble of claim 1, and a Facility to carry out this procedure with the Features from the preamble of claim 11.

A procedure and a facility with those listed there Features is known and in DE-C-1 510 854 for described a twisting machine. In the known facility the energy transfer takes place between the stationary arranged primary side and also arranged stationary Secondary side of a transformer, being between the thread balloon runs through the two transformer halves. More detailed information on the design of the transformer are not specified in this publication. The described However, embodiments show that the transformer exclusively for the transfer of small services suitable is. The use of Iron coil cores at transmission frequencies of more 1000 Hz. For higher services, i.e. services above That would be 50 W due to the high magnetic loss power losses occurring without expensive additional cooling measures can no longer be removed. A Another disadvantage of the known arrangement is that due to the analog control described Functional units (change in the primary voltage of the Transformers) several transformer units required as soon as several functional units (e.g. brake and Motor) to be controlled. Another, principal The disadvantage of an analog control method is that that high-precision controls e.g. accurate speed controls of engines are not feasible, especially when large air gap the tolerances of winding design and air gap adjustment with reasonable effort can be observed with sufficient accuracy and a Data transmission e.g. not possible due to setpoint specification is.

A contactless transmission of signals and electrical Energy is also described in EP-0 525 495 A1. In this known arrangement, an axial transformer arrangement with a primary winding and a secondary winding and a core made of ferromagnetic material used for additional, contactless transmission of alternating signals in the immediate area of the Primary winding and the secondary winding at least one Sender and at least one receiver are arranged, the alternately to transmitter and receiver electronics connectable, designed as flat antennas and with the primary winding, the secondary winding and / or the core of the transformer are combined into one unit.

The primary winding and the secondary winding of the transformer rotatably arranged relative to each other be. By using two such, as an axial transmission from well-known, well-known transformers in principle it is possible for a textile machine Energy and signal transmission from a first stationary Component through a rotatable component to one to transfer second stationary component. With the at Textile machines sometimes very high speeds (> 10,000 rpm), however, there is no reliable construction achieve. Experiments with such arrangements repeatedly show the technical limits caused by the lack of centrifugal strength of the brittle and to Cracking ferrite material. This also applies if the transformer is designed as a radial transformer.

Furthermore, in these known arrangements Signal transmission parallel to energy transmission on separate Because of additional windings or about when Antennas, additional inductive or capacitive Coupling elements. If additional windings are used become, this leads to undesirably large installation space. When arranging antennas for power and Data transmission usually has different carrier frequencies used, that is, the energy transfer usually takes place in the kHz range during signal transmission in the MHz range. The necessary for this Component effort leads to increased costs, which are particularly common in textile machine construction Multi-position machines are not to be represented.

DE 41 25 145 A1 also relates to a device for contactless transmission of electrical energy and Alternating signals with an axial transformer arrangement Primary and secondary winding and a core made of ferromagnetic Material in the immediate area of the Primary winding and the secondary winding at least one Transmitter and a receiver are arranged as flat Antennas are formed, with primary winding and secondary winding together with the assigned antennas be slidable or rotatable can. Regarding the use of such a device for energy and signal transmission on a textile machine what has been said about the above-mentioned document applies.

DE 195 45 220 A1 describes an arrangement for contactless Transfer signals between each other linearly Movable vehicle parts known, in particular for Transmission of energy and control signals between the Body of a vehicle and the driver or front passenger seat is thought. The arrangement has a transformer, its primary and secondary winding in separate shell cores lying as rails sliding along each other are trained, which have such profiles that they together a closed circuit for the magnetic Flow between the primary and secondary windings form. With this arrangement, however, is an energy and Signal transmission on a textile machine through a rotatable Component not possible.

1) Es können beliebig viele Funktionselemente des von dem bewegten Bauteil umschlossenen zweiten stationären Bauteils gesteuert werden;

2) das bewegte Bauteil kann mit hoher Drehzahl (z.B. mehr als 10.000 Upm) rotieren;

3) es ist eine Energieübertragung mit Leistungen > 50 W über einen relativ großen Luftspalt (> 1 mm) möglich;

4) es ist eine bevorzugt unidirektionale alternativ auch bidirektionale Datenübertragung ohne zusätzliche, als Antennen ausgebildete induktive bzw. kapazitive Koppelelemente möglich.

The invention has for its object to provide a method of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1 that is moved across an air gap through the at least one component or a thread balloon, from the first stationary component, for example the machine frame of a twisting machine, to which second stationary component, for example a twisting spindle, electrical energy and signals can be transmitted in such a way that the following conditions are met:

1) Any number of functional elements of the second stationary component enclosed by the moving component can be controlled;

2) the moving component can rotate at high speed (for example more than 10,000 rpm);

3) energy transmission with powers> 50 W is possible via a relatively large air gap (> 1 mm);

4) a preferably unidirectional or alternatively also bidirectional data transmission is possible without additional inductive or capacitive coupling elements designed as antennas.

This object is achieved according to the invention with the Features from the characterizing part of the claim 1. Advantageous further developments of the method are in the dependent claims 2 to 9 described. An institution is the subject of carrying out the method according to the invention of claim 10. Advantageous further developments of this Device are in the dependent claims 11 to 19 described.

The basic idea of the invention is energy and Data or control signals by means of a common carrier signal to be transmitted as the signals to be transmitted Frequency modulation are impressed, the evaluation the frequency hopping to a bit serial Data stream leads that summarized to data bytes or words and thus any number of $ expensive commands and / or Setpoint specifications for any number of functional elements enable.

As functional elements arranged in the second stationary component come besides thread brakes, double-wing brakes and the like also motors in question, for example serve to drive spinning units, which in one Thread spindle within the one defined by the thread balloon Are arranged space. Such devices are used for Production of a thread in an integrated spin-twist process and are described for example in DE 43 31 801 C1.

The device for performing the invention Procedure is based on the knowledge that a transfer the required performance is only possible if the one used To the transformer in a very special way conditions are adjusted. The characteristics to carry out the method according to the invention suitable transformers are described in claim 10, subject to particularly advantageous embodiments of dependent claims 11 to 17. With such a Training and arrangement of primary and secondary parts of the transformer it is possible to achieve higher performances minimized apparent power consumption and low Magnetic loss transfer without additional Cooling measures become necessary.

The following are based on the attached drawings Exemplary embodiments for the method according to the invention as well as facilities for its implementation.

Figur 1

in einer stark schematisierten Schnittdarstellung eine Zwirnspindel mit geführtem Fadenballon und zwei innerhalb der Zwirnspindel angeordneten Spinnaggregaten, zu denen aus dem Außenraum Energie und Signale übertragen werden;

Figur 2

in einer Darstellung analog Figur 1, eine Zwirnspindel mit freiem Fadenballon und zwei vom Außenraum her mit Energie und Signalen versorgten Spinnaggregaten;

Figur 3

im Horizontalschnitt die Ausbildung des Transformators zur Energie- und Signalübertragung bei den Zwirnspindeln nach Figur 1 und 2;

Figur 4

in einem Prinzipschaltbild die elektrischen Bauelemente der Einrichtung zur Energie- und Signalübertragung bei den Zwirnspindeln nach Figur 1 oder 2;

Die Figuren 5A bis 5C

erläutern in Zeitdiagrammen ein Ausführungsbeispiel für eine bitserielles Übertragungsverfahren von Signalen mittels Frequenzmodulation.

The drawings show:

Figure 1

in a highly schematic sectional view, a twisting spindle with a guided thread balloon and two spinning units arranged inside the twisting spindle, to which energy and signals are transmitted from the outside;

Figure 2

in a representation analogous to FIG. 1, a twisting spindle with a free thread balloon and two spinning units supplied with energy and signals from the outside;

Figure 3

in horizontal section the design of the transformer for energy and signal transmission in the twisting spindles according to FIGS. 1 and 2;

Figure 4

in a block diagram the electrical components of the device for energy and signal transmission in the twisting spindles according to Figure 1 or 2;

Figures 5A to 5C

explain in time diagrams an embodiment for a bit-serial transmission method of signals by means of frequency modulation.

Figure 1 shows a highly schematic representation Double wire twisting spindle 1 of the type, as for example is shown and described in DE 43 31 801 C1.

The spindle has an outer housing 2 in which a spindle rotor disc 3 is rotatably mounted, the thread guide channel 3.1 and can be driven via a whorl 3.4 is. On the outer circumference of the spindle rotor disc 3 is as Thread guiding element attached to a balloon limiter 3.2. In the inner end of the thread guide channel 3.1 opens as part of the Hollow spindle axis bent at its lower end Thread guide tube 3.3. Above the spindle rotor disc 3 is a chamber 8 with the interposition of a bearing 8.1 secured against rotation, which preferably the shape of a cylinder, and a bottom 8.2, an outer wall 8.3 and includes a removable lid, not shown. Within this chamber 8 are two rotor spinning devices R1 and R2 housed, whose spinning rotors each from Electric motors 4 and 5 are driven. The electric motors 4 and 5 are over lines 4.1. or 5.1 with one electronic assembly 7 connected to the floor 8.2 the chamber 8 is arranged. The electronic assembly 7 is connected to the secondary part 6.2 of a transformer 6, whose primary part 6.1 in the wall of the outer housing 2 is fixed.

It is pointed out that in FIGS. 1 and 2 all for the supply and control of the electric motors 4 and 5 insignificant parts of the twisting spindle are omitted are.

In operation, the rotor spinners R1 and R2 fiber material dissolved in a manner not shown fed from the outside through the thread balloon. The inside of the spinning rotors according to the usual open-end process Spun threads are made from the above open spinning rotors pulled upwards and not in merged in a way shown in a point of union, from where they work according to the double wire principle be united into a twine by being axially through the double wire twisting spindle along the spindle axis deducted and after exiting the radial Thread guide channel 3.1 to form a thread balloon to an extension of the hollow spindle axis, deducted centering point, not shown, and from there usually continued to a thread winding unit become.

Details of this can be found in DE 43 31 801 C1.

Another embodiment of a twisting spindle is shown in FIG shown, which is different from the embodiment only differs according to Figure 1 in that here is working with a free thread balloon and thus the balloon limiter connected to the spindle rotor disc not applicable. In Figure 2 are those of the embodiment Figure 1 corresponding components with the same reference numerals referred to, each with an apostrophe are provided. Regarding the construction of the spindle refer to the description of Figure 1.

In both embodiments, the electrical energy to drive the electric motors 4 and 5 or 4 'and 5' the transformer 6 or 6 'supplied. Continue to be Signals to control the two electric motors as well supplied via the transformer 6 or 6 '. This will continue explained in more detail below

In Figure 3 is easy compared to Figures 1 and 2 enlarged the arrangement of the transformer 6 the twisting spindle, which is only indicated by dashed lines here, shown. The primary part of the transformer 6 is in the wall 3.2 of the stationary outer housing, while the secondary part 6.2 in the also stationary Wall 8.3 of the chamber 8 is arranged. Between these an air gap 9, whose The width is such that the thread balloon and the Embodiment according to Figure 1, the balloon limiter through can be moved through it.

The primary part 6.1 of the transformer 6 has a primary winding 6.11 wound on a bobbin 6.13 is, and preferably a U-core or E-core Ferrite core. The secondary part has a secondary winding 6.21 wound on a bobbin 6.23 is, and preferably as a U-core or as an E-core trained ferrite core 6.22. The two cores are axially aligned and at a distance of the width of the air gap 9 arranged from each other. As can be seen in FIG. 3, are the two ferrite cores 6.12 and 6.22 in view on the length of their thighs and the formation of the End faces of the legs to the contour of the air gap 9 adjusted and follow its curvature. The mutual distance the outer legs of each of the cores 6.12 and 6.22 is several times (preferably> 4) larger than that Width, preferably> 2 mm, of the air gap 9. Since the between the primary and secondary side of the transformer 6 rotating unit made of an electrically non-conductive Material must exist in the embodiment Figure 1 of the balloon limiter 3.2 in the through the transformer 6 passing section a window 3.21 that is sealed with a plastic material.

It can also be seen from Figure 3 that both on Primary part 6.1 and the windings on the secondary part 6.2 6.11 and 6.21 are arranged so that their at the air gap 9 adjacent parts also to the contour of the Air gaps are adjusted and follow its curvature. On in this way, the windings 6.11 and 6.22 except for the smallest possible distance to the air gap 9. In addition, the secondary winding 6.21 is also designed that their parts facing away from the air gap 9 also are adapted to the contour of the air gap 9 and in essentially follow its curvature. This is done by a part 6.24 of the coil carrier provided with inclined surfaces reached.

The electrical energy is transmitted in the medium frequency range (10 to 30 kHz) in order to be able to realize acceptable sizes. The use of ferrite cores ensures that the magnetic losses are low and that no additional cooling measures are required even at higher powers. For example, the following performance data could be achieved: Width of the air gap 4.5 mm Efficiency 93% Transferable performance approx. 400 - 500 W. Apparent power required approx.2,500 VA

Of course, it is possible in the training of the Transformer 6 on the bobbin as a winding carrier to do without, a prefabricated, fixed coil directly attached to the core by casting.

Because of the transformer 6 except for driving the Electric motors 4 and 5 require electrical energy also transfer data for the setpoint specification of engine operation will be this data transmission in the following explained with reference to Figures 4 and 5A to 5C.

Figure 4 shows the circuit for Supply of electrical energy, as well as the signals the outside via the transformer 6 in the interior of the Threading spindle 1 or 1 '.

The only winding of the primary part 6.1 of the transformer 6 is connected to the output of a control unit 10, the one in addition to the mains voltage in not shown Control signals (e.g. start, stop, set speed) are supplied in this way become. In this control unit 10, here generated carrier signal that has a frequency between Can have 10 and 30 kHz and that for energy transmission serves to assign a control signal specific to the control signals Frequency modulation imprinted. The The resulting frequency-modulated signal is from the primary part 6.1 of the transformer 6 transferred to the secondary section 6.2. So there is both energy transfer, as well as data transmission over the same winding of the primary part and the secondary part.

The secondary part 6.2 is via a rectifier bridge 11 and optionally a voltage stabilization 12 to the Energy inputs of components connected in figure 4 referred to as "functional element 1" and "functional element N" are, and in the present example by the two Electric motors 4 and 5 are represented. Of course can also be used here for other functional elements of the Thread spindle connected. Furthermore, the secondary part 6.2 of the transformer 6 via a voltage comparator connected amplifier 13 to the "evaluation electronics" designated electronic assembly 7 inside connected to the chamber 8 of the twisting spindle. This electronic assembly, e.g. a microprocessor contains, evaluates occurring frequency changes accordingly the procedure described below.

FIG. 5A shows a possible voltage curve over time of the frequency-modulated primary voltage / secondary voltage generated by the control unit 10. In the exemplary embodiment, these signals are designed as square-wave signals. However, it can be both sinusoidal and rectangular. After passing through the amplifier 13, which is connected as a voltage comparator, a square-wave voltage is present at the input of the evaluation electronics 7, regardless of the rectangular or sine shape of the voltage fed in. As long as no data is being transmitted, the supply voltage of frequency f _B (base frequency) is present at electronic unit 7. As soon as data is transmitted, the frequency of the supply voltage changes according to the bit pattern to be transmitted between the base frequency f _B and a second frequency f _O (offset frequency). These frequency jumps detected by the electronic unit are shown in FIG. 5B. The frequency changes such as level changes in asynchronous transmission methods are evaluated in the electronic unit 7. The interpretation of the signals in the evaluation electronics is shown in FIG. 5C. The frequency f _{B is} fed in to transmit a high level (bit = 1) and the frequency f _O to transmit a low level (bit = 0). The frequency f _O can optionally be greater or less than the base frequency f _B , the frequency / level assignment of course having to be interpreted or evaluated in the same way in the control unit 10 and evaluation unit 7. A high-low edge change is interpreted as a start bit.

A method is illustrated in FIGS. 5A to 5C, in which the frequency change within a period the supplied AC voltage is evaluated. Naturally can also use integer period numbers N for detection the frequency change are agreed or defined, the interference immunity of the process e.g. by averaging to increase. In a further variant, too a different integer number of consecutive Pulses of the same frequency agreed or defined be the number N and M for the two frequencies can be chosen so differently that approximately same times for the transmission of low and high levels result (this is the usual asynchronous transmission method the next). Because of the inevitable interference signals such a transmission path is sensible in all of the aforementioned variants, thanks to the evaluation electronics Edge changes only in such Evaluate time windows that correspond to the agreed period of base and offset frequencies.

In the evaluation method shown in FIG. 5C a 10-bit frame (a start bit, 8 data bits and a Stop bit) is used. The bits transmitted are through the evaluation electronics combined into a data word (byte). Of course, the bits can also be used for data structures consisting of any number of data bytes combined become. With this procedure are defined at Data structures any number of different setpoint sizes or control commands can be transmitted. A transferred Data block can be created in a known manner by checksuming (e.g. CRC check) are saved so that transmission errors recognized and taken into account by the evaluation electronics can. Transmission errors lead to a standstill of the controlled motors. This can be done by simple sensors outside the rotating device unit can be detected.

Alternatively, the evaluation electronics can modulate the Cause current consumption caused by current sensors in the converter of the primary energy supply evaluated becomes. The error-free data transmission can thus be acknowledged become.

When using such current sensors in a Another variant of the invention also any data blocks are transmitted and detected by current modulation, so that bidirectional data transmission is also possible becomes.

Claims (19)

Process for contactless energy and signal transmission on textile machines, in particular twisting machines from a first stationary component an air gap of a given width to a second stationary component, at least through the air gap a component or object made of electrical not conductive material is moved, especially from the machine frame a twisting machine to a twisting spindle, through the thread balloon rotating in an air gap through, in which an AC signal with a frequency of at least 10 kHz through inductive Transmission is transmitted through a transformer its primary side on the first component and its secondary side is arranged on the second component, wherein there is an air gap between the primary part and the secondary part, characterized in that a transformer with only one pair of windings is used, over which Energy and signals using a common carrier signal are transmitted, the carrier signal itself is used for energy transfer while the one to be transferred Signals in the carrier signal as frequency modulation be impressed such that the carrier signal between two have a fixed predetermined distance Frequency values jump and frequency hops on the secondary side are evaluated as bit serial signals which control signals are generated. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the frequency jumps of the carrier signal within one Period duration of the carrier signal can be evaluated. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the frequency jumps the carrier signal with a predetermined Number of periods imprinted and within the duration of these periods can be evaluated. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the number of periods with which the frequency hops be impressed on the carrier signal for the two given Frequency values is the same. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the number of periods with which the frequency hops be impressed on the carrier signal for the two given Frequency values is different. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the number of periods with which the frequency hops be impressed on the carrier signal for the two given Frequency values chosen so differently is that there are approximately equal times for the transmission of the two frequency values. Method according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized characterized in that the transmitted bits at Evaluation summarized into data words or blocks become. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that the data words or blocks are secured by creating checksums and when a transmission error is detected Switching operations triggered or prevented and / or alarm signals are triggered. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that monitors the current consumption of the energy supply and Current changes for the generation of acknowledgment signals are evaluated become. Device for carrying out the method according to a of claims 1 to 9 on a system with at least a substantially cylindrical first stationary component, in particular the outer housing Thread spindle and at least one second stationary Component that at least part of the inside of the first component in a predetermined, an air gap opposite defining distance, in particular the Inner housing of a twisting spindle, passing through the air gap at least one item from electrical not conductive material, in particular a thread balloon movable is, which has a transformer, the primary part is arranged on the first component, and its Secondary part is arranged on the second component, wherein Primary part and secondary part each on one core have arranged winding and axially on each other aligned, in the radial direction to the second component are opposite the width of the air gap, and the primary part to an alternator is connected, while the secondary section with im second component arranged electrical devices is connected, characterized in that the two Cores (6.12, 6.22) of the transformer (6) on their opposite sides, especially the opposite end faces of her legs to the contour of the air gap (9), especially its Radius of curvature are adjusted, and the mutual Distance between the two legs of a core (6.12, 6.22) is several times larger than the width of the Air gap (9). Device according to claim 10, characterized in that at each of the two cores (6.12, 6.22) of the Transformer (6) adjoining the air gap (9) Parts of the winding (6.11, 6.21) to the contour the air gap (9), in particular at its radius of curvature adapted and across the entire width of the core up to the smallest possible distance to the air gap are introduced. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the parts of the core facing away from the air gap (9) and winding the transformer (6) to the contour the air gap (9), in particular at its radius of curvature are adjusted. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the air gap is> 2 mm. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the cores have a U or E shape. Device according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the leg distance is> 4 x air gap. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the radius of curvature is between 40 - 100 mm. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the two cores (6.12, 6.22) of the transformer (6) are designed as ferrite cores. Device according to one of claims 10 to 17, characterized by one on the secondary part (6.2) of the transformer (6) connected evaluation electronics (7) for Generation of the control signals, e.g. a microprocessor contains and to which in the second stationary Functional elements (4, 5) arranged in the component are connected are. Device according to claim 18, characterized in that the functional elements are electric motors (4, 5), the rotor spinning devices arranged within a twisting spindle Drive (R1, R2).

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