EP0894843A1 - Procédé et installation pour gazéifier des matériaux organiques compactés et compactables - Google Patents

Procédé et installation pour gazéifier des matériaux organiques compactés et compactables Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0894843A1
EP0894843A1 EP97113072A EP97113072A EP0894843A1 EP 0894843 A1 EP0894843 A1 EP 0894843A1 EP 97113072 A EP97113072 A EP 97113072A EP 97113072 A EP97113072 A EP 97113072A EP 0894843 A1 EP0894843 A1 EP 0894843A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
gasification
chamber
slag
oxygen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97113072A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Manfred Dr.-Ing. Schingnitz
Horst Dr.-Ing. Kretschmer
Dietmar Dipl.-Ing. Degenkolb
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBP POWER PLANTS GMBH
Original Assignee
KRC Umwelttechnik GmbH
Noell KRC Energie und Umwelttechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KRC Umwelttechnik GmbH, Noell KRC Energie und Umwelttechnik GmbH filed Critical KRC Umwelttechnik GmbH
Priority to EP97113072A priority Critical patent/EP0894843A1/fr
Priority to JP19916198A priority patent/JPH11100583A/ja
Publication of EP0894843A1 publication Critical patent/EP0894843A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/06—Continuous processes
    • C10J3/08—Continuous processes with ash-removal in liquid state
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
    • C10J3/24—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed
    • C10J3/26—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed downwardly
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/002—Removal of contaminants
    • C10K1/003—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants, e.g. acid gas removal
    • C10K1/004—Sulfur containing contaminants, e.g. hydrogen sulfide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
    • C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
    • C10K1/101—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids with water only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/158—Screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1223—Heating the gasifier by burners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1625—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with solids treatment
    • C10J2300/1628—Ash post-treatment
    • C10J2300/1634—Ash vitrification

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the gasification of compacted and compactable organic materials to a Co and H 2 -rich fuel gas and a device for carrying out the process.
  • such materials have to be roughly comminuted before gasification, thermally homogenized, thermally embrittled and then finely comminuted in a processing stage.
  • the thermal treatment is usually carried out in a pyrolysis stage, which includes a complex, problematic separation of the pyrolysis products into pyrolysis coke, pyrolysis gas and liquid products.
  • Such combined processes are known as the THERMOSELECT process from EP 0 520 086, NOELL CONVERSION PROCESS in DE 41 39 512 and VTA entrained flow gasification in EP 0 600 923 B1 and DE 41 23 406.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a gasification process that without thermal pretreatment and without fine grinding of agricultural and forestry products, waste paper, textiles and. ⁇ .
  • a hydrogen / carbon monoxide-rich fuel gas that is free of hydrocarbons, dioxins, furans and that provides a solid residue that can be recycled or simply deposited without further treatment.
  • the task is performed by a method according to the characteristics of the first and one Device according to the features of the fifth claim solved.
  • the sub-claims reflect advantageous embodiments of the invention.
  • the solution according to the invention provides that, in industry and agriculture, prepared, dimensionally defined bales of waste textiles, straw products are pressed by means of a stamp or pre-comminuted, lumpy or fibrous materials by means of a stuffing screw into a horizontal gasification chamber operated at approximately atmospheric pressure.
  • the temperature in the gasification chamber is kept above the melting temperature of the mineral constituents of the substances to be gasified, which occurs when the gasifier is started up by the pilot and auxiliary burner alone and in continuous operation by the partial oxidation of the substances to be gasified with oxygen.
  • Primary oxygen is blown into the fuel to be gasified directly at the end of the fuel channel, that is to say when it enters the gasification chamber, and secondly, secondary oxygen is blown up during the decay of the fuel train and when it falls into the slag pan surrounded by a cooling screen.
  • a reducing atmosphere is maintained in the gasification room. Due to the temperature between 1200 ° C and 1800 ° C, hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons (dioxins, furans) are totally split and mineral components melted. The melt collects in a slag pan of the gasification chamber and runs over the slag drain body, which is standing vertically and protrudes into the gasification chamber, into the quench chamber.
  • the slag pan in the gasification chamber is formed by the cooling screen in such a way that a thick and dense, solid slag layer forms over the cooling screen by cooling the melt of the slag and protects the metallic part of the cooling screen with ceramic.
  • the H 2 - / CO-rich gasification gas also enters the quench chamber via the slag drain body, in which the gasification or raw gas is cooled with quench water below 100 ° C. and the slag is granulated in a glass-like manner, resistant to elution.
  • the raw gas emerges from the side of the quench chamber for further raw gas purification and desulfurization, and the granulate falls into a water immersion, from which it is mechanically discharged.
  • the conversion of the fuels to CO and H 2 , the reducing atmosphere in the gasification chamber and the melting of the mineral components of the fuels are monitored and controlled by means of a delay-free temperature measurement of the raw gas before it leaves the gasification chamber.
  • the fuel feed, the primary / secondary oxygen addition are regulated and the water vapor addition is controlled via the auxiliary burner.
  • an oxygen content measurement of the raw gas after the quenching is used, which serves as a plausibility check for the temperature measurement and control.
  • the cleaned raw gas, the clean gas becomes a gas engine Electrical power generation and the granulate as a building material for the building materials industry fed for recycling.
  • the self-generated clean gas can also be used as a fuel gas can be used for the pilot and auxiliary burner.
  • FIG. 1 shows a gasification device according to the invention as it is used to gasify fuel bales. These are fed via the fuel feed housing 1 into the fuel inlet channel 4, in which there is a stamp 3 which conveys the bale to the feed regulation device 5 via a stamp drive 2.
  • This feed regulating device 5 can be equipped with an endlessly rotating, speed-controlled driver belt, which conveys the fuel to the fuel channel end 6, into which the primary oxygen supply 13 opens.
  • the fuel channel end 6 opens into the combustion chamber 7, at one end of which primary oxygen nozzles 22 are arranged.
  • the secondary oxygen supply 11, the pilot and auxiliary burner 10 and the supply for fuel gas 26, oxygen 27 and water vapor 8 open into the combustion chamber 7.
  • the combustion chamber 7 is surrounded by a cooling screen 9, which forms a slag pan 8 in which the slag forms collects that can leave the combustion chamber 7 via a cooled slag drain body 14.
  • a temperature measurement, control and monitoring 24 is arranged opening into the combustion chamber 7.
  • the secondary oxygen supply 11 takes place via an oxygen ring line 12.
  • a quench chamber 16 is arranged under the gasification chamber 7, on which the quench water supply lines 15, a raw gas discharge 17 and a granulate discharge 18 are located. Furthermore, the oxygen measuring and monitoring point 29 is arranged on the raw gas discharge 17.
  • FIG. 2 shows the gasification device according to the invention, in which a stuffing screw 19 with a control drive is provided as a feed for the firing material. This is especially the case if the fuel to be entered is coarse fuel.
  • the primary oxygen supply 13, the cooling water inlet 20 and the cooling water outlet 21 are arranged on the fuel inlet channel.
  • This combustion chamber 7 is also controlled by a temperature measurement, regulation and monitoring 24 and is surrounded in its upper part by a refractory support structure 25 and in its lower part by a cooling screen 9.
  • the slag pan 8 is arranged in the lower part, into which a cooled slag drain body 14 projects.
  • the pilot and auxiliary burner 10, through which fuel gas 26, oxygen 27 and water vapor 28 reach the combustion chamber 7, projects through the cooling screen 9 from the other side.
  • the fuel in the case of the waste paper, is converted to CO / H 2 -rich fuel gas by the gasification reaction, whereby all hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons (dioxins, furans) decompose and the inert, mineral components of the fuel are melted and used as a cooling screen collect the trained slag tray 8 and reach the cooled slag drain body 14 into the gasification chamber 7 in order to leave the reaction chamber together with the raw gas.
  • the raw gas temperature measurement 24 monitors and controls the temperature in the combustion chamber 7 by regulating the temperature measurement signal, the feed of the fuel via the stuffing screw with control drive 19, the amount of oxygen 11 and the amount of water vapor 28, and the amount of oxygen in the raw gas 29.
  • the slag granules are discharged from the quench chamber 16 by means of discharge device 23, the raw gas exiting via the raw gas discharge 17 into the raw gas purification and desulfurization system.
  • the inventive method has the advantages that agricultural and forestry renewable raw materials, waste paper, textiles and the like without thermal pretreatment and without fine comminution in a hydrogen / carbon monoxide-rich fuel gas, which is free of hydrocarbons, dioxins, furans, are converted and that without Further after-treatment of usable and easy to deposit solid residue arises.
EP97113072A 1997-07-30 1997-07-30 Procédé et installation pour gazéifier des matériaux organiques compactés et compactables Withdrawn EP0894843A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97113072A EP0894843A1 (fr) 1997-07-30 1997-07-30 Procédé et installation pour gazéifier des matériaux organiques compactés et compactables
JP19916198A JPH11100583A (ja) 1997-07-30 1998-07-14 圧縮したおよび圧縮可能な有機材料をガス化する方法および装置

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97113072A EP0894843A1 (fr) 1997-07-30 1997-07-30 Procédé et installation pour gazéifier des matériaux organiques compactés et compactables

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0894843A1 true EP0894843A1 (fr) 1999-02-03

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EP97113072A Withdrawn EP0894843A1 (fr) 1997-07-30 1997-07-30 Procédé et installation pour gazéifier des matériaux organiques compactés et compactables

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EP (1) EP0894843A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH11100583A (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19853713C2 (de) * 1998-11-20 2003-03-13 Bbp Power Plants Gmbh Verfahren zur stofflichen und energetischen Verwertung von Rest- und Abfallstoffen
DE10355912A1 (de) * 2003-11-29 2005-06-30 Wiebe, Jörg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Vergasen von Brennstoffballen
DE102006052345A1 (de) * 2006-11-07 2008-05-08 Herlt, Christian, Dipl.-Ing. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verminderung des Feinstaubes im Abgas bei der thermischen Vergasung von Biomasse in Form von Ballen oder Stücke
CN106765156A (zh) * 2017-02-22 2017-05-31 陈世江 一种垃圾气化焚烧炉
CN112899028A (zh) * 2021-01-18 2021-06-04 江苏信科能源有限公司 一种改进型干排渣连续进料生物质气化炉
CN113583713A (zh) * 2021-07-26 2021-11-02 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 一种卧式煤气气化炉及其气化方法

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100413188B1 (ko) * 2001-01-13 2003-12-31 (주)지알텍 가연성 분체연료 연소기
KR20030025314A (ko) * 2001-09-20 2003-03-29 김현영 고분자 유기물의 가스화 방법 및 장치
JP4486699B1 (ja) * 2009-11-06 2010-06-23 株式会社リ・サイエンスシステム研究所 水素ガスの発生を伴う有機性廃棄物の改質方法および有機性廃棄物改質用装置
WO2011070624A1 (fr) * 2009-12-11 2011-06-16 株式会社リ・サイエンスシステム研究所 Procédé de modification de déchets organiques accompagné par la génération de gaz hydrogène à haute concentration et dispositif pour modifier des déchets organiques

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0443596A1 (fr) * 1990-02-23 1991-08-28 Thermoselect Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour le transport, le stockage intermédiaire et l'utilisation énergétique et matérielle de déchets et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé
DE4109063A1 (de) * 1991-03-20 1992-09-24 Deutsches Brennstoffinst Verfahren zur gleichzeitigen verwertung von stueckigen und fliessfaehigen brennbaren abfallstoffen und rueckstaenden
DE4330788A1 (de) * 1993-09-10 1994-04-07 Siemens Ag Einrichtung zur Müllverarbeitung

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0443596A1 (fr) * 1990-02-23 1991-08-28 Thermoselect Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour le transport, le stockage intermédiaire et l'utilisation énergétique et matérielle de déchets et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé
DE4109063A1 (de) * 1991-03-20 1992-09-24 Deutsches Brennstoffinst Verfahren zur gleichzeitigen verwertung von stueckigen und fliessfaehigen brennbaren abfallstoffen und rueckstaenden
DE4330788A1 (de) * 1993-09-10 1994-04-07 Siemens Ag Einrichtung zur Müllverarbeitung

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19853713C2 (de) * 1998-11-20 2003-03-13 Bbp Power Plants Gmbh Verfahren zur stofflichen und energetischen Verwertung von Rest- und Abfallstoffen
DE10355912A1 (de) * 2003-11-29 2005-06-30 Wiebe, Jörg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Vergasen von Brennstoffballen
DE10355912B4 (de) * 2003-11-29 2006-02-02 Wiebe, Jörg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Vergasen von Brennstoffballen
DE102006052345A1 (de) * 2006-11-07 2008-05-08 Herlt, Christian, Dipl.-Ing. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verminderung des Feinstaubes im Abgas bei der thermischen Vergasung von Biomasse in Form von Ballen oder Stücke
DE102006052345B4 (de) * 2006-11-07 2009-04-23 Herlt, Christian, Dipl.-Ing. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verminderung der Feinstaubbildung bei der thermischen Vergasung von halmartiger und stückiger Biomasse in Form von Ballen
CN106765156A (zh) * 2017-02-22 2017-05-31 陈世江 一种垃圾气化焚烧炉
CN106765156B (zh) * 2017-02-22 2023-09-29 陈世江 一种垃圾气化焚烧炉
CN112899028A (zh) * 2021-01-18 2021-06-04 江苏信科能源有限公司 一种改进型干排渣连续进料生物质气化炉
CN113583713A (zh) * 2021-07-26 2021-11-02 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 一种卧式煤气气化炉及其气化方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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