EP0894843A1 - Process and apparatus for gazifying compacted and compactable organic materials - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for gazifying compacted and compactable organic materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0894843A1
EP0894843A1 EP97113072A EP97113072A EP0894843A1 EP 0894843 A1 EP0894843 A1 EP 0894843A1 EP 97113072 A EP97113072 A EP 97113072A EP 97113072 A EP97113072 A EP 97113072A EP 0894843 A1 EP0894843 A1 EP 0894843A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
gasification
chamber
slag
oxygen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97113072A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Manfred Dr.-Ing. Schingnitz
Horst Dr.-Ing. Kretschmer
Dietmar Dipl.-Ing. Degenkolb
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBP POWER PLANTS GMBH
Original Assignee
KRC Umwelttechnik GmbH
Noell KRC Energie und Umwelttechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KRC Umwelttechnik GmbH, Noell KRC Energie und Umwelttechnik GmbH filed Critical KRC Umwelttechnik GmbH
Priority to EP97113072A priority Critical patent/EP0894843A1/en
Priority to JP19916198A priority patent/JPH11100583A/en
Publication of EP0894843A1 publication Critical patent/EP0894843A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/06—Continuous processes
    • C10J3/08—Continuous processes with ash-removal in liquid state
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
    • C10J3/24—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed
    • C10J3/26—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed downwardly
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/002—Removal of contaminants
    • C10K1/003—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants, e.g. acid gas removal
    • C10K1/004—Sulfur containing contaminants, e.g. hydrogen sulfide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
    • C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
    • C10K1/101—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids with water only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/158—Screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1223—Heating the gasifier by burners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1625—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with solids treatment
    • C10J2300/1628—Ash post-treatment
    • C10J2300/1634—Ash vitrification

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the gasification of compacted and compactable organic materials to a Co and H 2 -rich fuel gas and a device for carrying out the process.
  • such materials have to be roughly comminuted before gasification, thermally homogenized, thermally embrittled and then finely comminuted in a processing stage.
  • the thermal treatment is usually carried out in a pyrolysis stage, which includes a complex, problematic separation of the pyrolysis products into pyrolysis coke, pyrolysis gas and liquid products.
  • Such combined processes are known as the THERMOSELECT process from EP 0 520 086, NOELL CONVERSION PROCESS in DE 41 39 512 and VTA entrained flow gasification in EP 0 600 923 B1 and DE 41 23 406.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a gasification process that without thermal pretreatment and without fine grinding of agricultural and forestry products, waste paper, textiles and. ⁇ .
  • a hydrogen / carbon monoxide-rich fuel gas that is free of hydrocarbons, dioxins, furans and that provides a solid residue that can be recycled or simply deposited without further treatment.
  • the task is performed by a method according to the characteristics of the first and one Device according to the features of the fifth claim solved.
  • the sub-claims reflect advantageous embodiments of the invention.
  • the solution according to the invention provides that, in industry and agriculture, prepared, dimensionally defined bales of waste textiles, straw products are pressed by means of a stamp or pre-comminuted, lumpy or fibrous materials by means of a stuffing screw into a horizontal gasification chamber operated at approximately atmospheric pressure.
  • the temperature in the gasification chamber is kept above the melting temperature of the mineral constituents of the substances to be gasified, which occurs when the gasifier is started up by the pilot and auxiliary burner alone and in continuous operation by the partial oxidation of the substances to be gasified with oxygen.
  • Primary oxygen is blown into the fuel to be gasified directly at the end of the fuel channel, that is to say when it enters the gasification chamber, and secondly, secondary oxygen is blown up during the decay of the fuel train and when it falls into the slag pan surrounded by a cooling screen.
  • a reducing atmosphere is maintained in the gasification room. Due to the temperature between 1200 ° C and 1800 ° C, hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons (dioxins, furans) are totally split and mineral components melted. The melt collects in a slag pan of the gasification chamber and runs over the slag drain body, which is standing vertically and protrudes into the gasification chamber, into the quench chamber.
  • the slag pan in the gasification chamber is formed by the cooling screen in such a way that a thick and dense, solid slag layer forms over the cooling screen by cooling the melt of the slag and protects the metallic part of the cooling screen with ceramic.
  • the H 2 - / CO-rich gasification gas also enters the quench chamber via the slag drain body, in which the gasification or raw gas is cooled with quench water below 100 ° C. and the slag is granulated in a glass-like manner, resistant to elution.
  • the raw gas emerges from the side of the quench chamber for further raw gas purification and desulfurization, and the granulate falls into a water immersion, from which it is mechanically discharged.
  • the conversion of the fuels to CO and H 2 , the reducing atmosphere in the gasification chamber and the melting of the mineral components of the fuels are monitored and controlled by means of a delay-free temperature measurement of the raw gas before it leaves the gasification chamber.
  • the fuel feed, the primary / secondary oxygen addition are regulated and the water vapor addition is controlled via the auxiliary burner.
  • an oxygen content measurement of the raw gas after the quenching is used, which serves as a plausibility check for the temperature measurement and control.
  • the cleaned raw gas, the clean gas becomes a gas engine Electrical power generation and the granulate as a building material for the building materials industry fed for recycling.
  • the self-generated clean gas can also be used as a fuel gas can be used for the pilot and auxiliary burner.
  • FIG. 1 shows a gasification device according to the invention as it is used to gasify fuel bales. These are fed via the fuel feed housing 1 into the fuel inlet channel 4, in which there is a stamp 3 which conveys the bale to the feed regulation device 5 via a stamp drive 2.
  • This feed regulating device 5 can be equipped with an endlessly rotating, speed-controlled driver belt, which conveys the fuel to the fuel channel end 6, into which the primary oxygen supply 13 opens.
  • the fuel channel end 6 opens into the combustion chamber 7, at one end of which primary oxygen nozzles 22 are arranged.
  • the secondary oxygen supply 11, the pilot and auxiliary burner 10 and the supply for fuel gas 26, oxygen 27 and water vapor 8 open into the combustion chamber 7.
  • the combustion chamber 7 is surrounded by a cooling screen 9, which forms a slag pan 8 in which the slag forms collects that can leave the combustion chamber 7 via a cooled slag drain body 14.
  • a temperature measurement, control and monitoring 24 is arranged opening into the combustion chamber 7.
  • the secondary oxygen supply 11 takes place via an oxygen ring line 12.
  • a quench chamber 16 is arranged under the gasification chamber 7, on which the quench water supply lines 15, a raw gas discharge 17 and a granulate discharge 18 are located. Furthermore, the oxygen measuring and monitoring point 29 is arranged on the raw gas discharge 17.
  • FIG. 2 shows the gasification device according to the invention, in which a stuffing screw 19 with a control drive is provided as a feed for the firing material. This is especially the case if the fuel to be entered is coarse fuel.
  • the primary oxygen supply 13, the cooling water inlet 20 and the cooling water outlet 21 are arranged on the fuel inlet channel.
  • This combustion chamber 7 is also controlled by a temperature measurement, regulation and monitoring 24 and is surrounded in its upper part by a refractory support structure 25 and in its lower part by a cooling screen 9.
  • the slag pan 8 is arranged in the lower part, into which a cooled slag drain body 14 projects.
  • the pilot and auxiliary burner 10, through which fuel gas 26, oxygen 27 and water vapor 28 reach the combustion chamber 7, projects through the cooling screen 9 from the other side.
  • the fuel in the case of the waste paper, is converted to CO / H 2 -rich fuel gas by the gasification reaction, whereby all hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons (dioxins, furans) decompose and the inert, mineral components of the fuel are melted and used as a cooling screen collect the trained slag tray 8 and reach the cooled slag drain body 14 into the gasification chamber 7 in order to leave the reaction chamber together with the raw gas.
  • the raw gas temperature measurement 24 monitors and controls the temperature in the combustion chamber 7 by regulating the temperature measurement signal, the feed of the fuel via the stuffing screw with control drive 19, the amount of oxygen 11 and the amount of water vapor 28, and the amount of oxygen in the raw gas 29.
  • the slag granules are discharged from the quench chamber 16 by means of discharge device 23, the raw gas exiting via the raw gas discharge 17 into the raw gas purification and desulfurization system.
  • the inventive method has the advantages that agricultural and forestry renewable raw materials, waste paper, textiles and the like without thermal pretreatment and without fine comminution in a hydrogen / carbon monoxide-rich fuel gas, which is free of hydrocarbons, dioxins, furans, are converted and that without Further after-treatment of usable and easy to deposit solid residue arises.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

Process for gasifying compacted and compactable organic materials comprises conveying the material to be gasified, the fuel, as balls with a stamp (3) and a pushing device (5) or as loose coarse material to a gasifier chamber (7) using a screw (19), heating to a temperature above the melting point of the mineral components of the fuel using a burner (10), and maintaining at this temperature of 1200-1800 degrees C through the gasification of the fuel. Gasification is carried out using oxygen, in which primary oxygen (13) is blown into the fuel at the fuel channel end (6) via nozzles (11) onto fuel falling into the chamber (7) and water vapour (28) is delivered for temperature moderating. The fuel is converted into CO/H2-rich fuel gas and all hydrocarbons and chlorohydrocarbons (dioxins, furans) are decomposed. The inert mineral components of the fuel are melted and collected in the slag sink (8) and leave the reaction chamber at the cooled run-off (14) which protrudes into the gasification chamber (7) together with the crude gas. The gasification reaction and the temperature in the gasification chamber (7) are monitored by crude gas temperature measurement (24) and regulated whilst the temperature measuring signal changes the conveyance (2, 5) of the fuel, the oxygen and the water vapour amount (11). A vitrified eluation-stable granulate is formed by abrupt cooling of the liquid slag and the crude gas in the quenching chamber (16) by the feed (15) of quenching water. No re-formation of dioxins and furans occurs. The slag granulate is removed form the trap (23) and the crude gas is feed form the quenching chamber (16) into the crude gas purification and desulphurisation system. A gasifying apparatus is also claimed.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Vergasung kompaktierter und kompaktierfähiger organischer Materialien zu einem Co- und H2-reichen Brenngas und eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a process for the gasification of compacted and compactable organic materials to a Co and H 2 -rich fuel gas and a device for carrying out the process.

Das Verfahren ist überall dort einsetzbar, wo nachwachsende landwirtschaftliche sowie forstwirtschaftliche Produkte wie Stroh, Schilf, andere Halmprodukte, Reisigholz u. ä., Altpapier, Textilien, Wolle, fasrige brennbare Stoffe zu einem Brenngas verarbeitet werden sollen. Die Hauptmerkmale der zu verarbeitenden Stoffe sind

  • ihr annähernd trockener Zustand
  • ihre mangelnde Fließfähigkeit und Förderbarkeit
  • ihre schwierige, teils nicht mögliche Zerkleinerbarkeit zu feinkörnigen Gütern.
The method can be used wherever renewable agricultural and forestry products such as straw, reeds, other straw products, brushwood and the like. Ä., waste paper, textiles, wool, fibrous combustible materials to be processed into a fuel gas. The main features of the fabrics to be processed are
  • their almost dry condition
  • their lack of fluidity and conveyability
  • their difficult, sometimes impossible to crush into fine-grained goods.

Nach bekanntem Stand der Technik müssen solche Materialien vor dem Vergasen grob vorzerkleinert, thermisch homogenisiert, thermisch versprödet und anschließend in einer Aufbereitungsstufe feinzerkleinert werden. Die thermische Behandlung erfolgt üblicherweise in einer Pyrolysestufe, zu der eine aufwendige, problematische Trennung der Pyrolyseprodukte in Pyrolysekoks, Pyrolysegas und Flüssigprodukte gehört. Solche kombinierte Verfahren sind als THERMOSELECT-Verfahren aus EP 0 520 086, NOELL-KONVERSIONSVERFAHREN in DE 41 39 512 und VTA-Flugstromvergasung in EP 0 600 923 B1 und DE 41 23 406 bekannt. Wegen der der Flugstrom- und auch der Festbettvergasung vorgeschalteten Trocknungs- und Pyrolysestufen fallen hohe Investitions- und Betriebskosten bei der Verwertung von Restabfall oder anderer anorganisch und organisch toxischer Stoffe an, so daß die annähernd schadstofffreie Produkte erzeugenden Vergasungsverfahren insbesondere gegenüber der Kompostierung, Deponie oder auch gegenüber der Verbrennung nicht konkurieren können. Einfache, einstufige Vergasungsverfahren im technischen Maßstab für nichtfließfähige, nichtförderbare Güter existieren nicht. Diese Stoffe sind allenfalls ohne vorherige aufwendige Aufbereitung einer Verwertung in Verbrennungsanlagen vorbehalten.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Vergasungsverfahren zu schaffen, das ohne thermische Vorbehandlung und ohne Feinzerkleinerung von land- und forstwirtschaftlich nachwachsenden Produkten, Altpapier, Textilien u. ä. ein wasserstoff-/kohlenmonoxidreiches Brenngas, das frei von Kohlenwasserstoffen, Dioxinen, Furanen ist und das einen ohne weitere Nachbehandlung verwertbaren oder einfach zu deponierenden, festen Rückstand liefert.According to the known prior art, such materials have to be roughly comminuted before gasification, thermally homogenized, thermally embrittled and then finely comminuted in a processing stage. The thermal treatment is usually carried out in a pyrolysis stage, which includes a complex, problematic separation of the pyrolysis products into pyrolysis coke, pyrolysis gas and liquid products. Such combined processes are known as the THERMOSELECT process from EP 0 520 086, NOELL CONVERSION PROCESS in DE 41 39 512 and VTA entrained flow gasification in EP 0 600 923 B1 and DE 41 23 406. Because of the drying and pyrolysis stages upstream of the entrained-flow gas and also the fixed-bed gasification, high investment and operating costs are incurred in the utilization of residual waste or other inorganic and organic toxic substances, so that the gasification processes which produce almost no pollutants, in particular compared to composting, landfill or also cannot compete with combustion. Simple, one-step gasification processes on a technical scale for non-flowable, non-conveyable goods do not exist. At most, these substances are reserved for recycling in incineration plants without extensive preparation.
The invention has for its object to provide a gasification process that without thermal pretreatment and without fine grinding of agricultural and forestry products, waste paper, textiles and. Ä. A hydrogen / carbon monoxide-rich fuel gas that is free of hydrocarbons, dioxins, furans and that provides a solid residue that can be recycled or simply deposited without further treatment.

Die Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren nach den Merkmalen des ersten und eine Vorrichtung nach den Merkmalen des fünften Patentanspruches gelöst.The task is performed by a method according to the characteristics of the first and one Device according to the features of the fifth claim solved.

Die Unteransprüche geben vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung wieder. Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung sieht vor, daß in der Industrie und Landwirtschaft vorbereitete, maßlich definierte Ballen von Alttextilien, Halmprodukten mittels eines Stempels oder vorzerkleinerte, stückige oder fasrige Stoffe mittels einer Stopfschnecke in einen bei annähernd Atmosphärendruck betriebenen, waagerecht liegenden Vergasungsraum gepreßt werden. Die Temperatur im Vergasungsraum wird oberhalb der Schmelztemperatur der mineralischen Bestandteile der zu vergasenden Stoffe gehalten, was beim Anfahren des Vergasers allein durch den Zünd- und Stützbrenner und im kontinuierlichen Betrieb zusätzlich durch die partielle Oxydation der zu vergasenden Stoffe mit Sauerstoff erfolgt. Primärsauerstoff wird einmal direkt am Brennstoffkanalende, d. h., bei Eintritt in den Vergasungsraum in den zu vergasenden Brennstoff eingeblasen, und zum anderen wird Sekundärsauerstoff während des Zerfalls des Brennstoffstranges sowie bei seinem Fallen in die mit einem Kühlschirm umgebene Schlackewanne aufgeblasen. Im Vergasungsraum wird eine reduzierende Atmosphäre aufrechtgehalten. Wegen der Temperatur zwischen 1200 °C und 1800 °C werden Kohlen- und Chlorkohlenwasserstoffe (Dioxine, Furane) total gespalten und mineralische Bestandteile aufgeschmolzen. Die Schmelze sammelt sich in einer Schlackewanne des Vergasungsraumes und läuft am senkrecht stehenden, in den Vergasungsraum hineinragenden Schlackeablaufkörper über in den Quenchraum hinein. Die Schlackewanne im Vergasungsraum wird durch den Kühlschirm so gebildet, daß sich über dem Kühlschirm durch Abkühlung der Schmelze der Schlacke eine dicke und dichte, feste Schlackeschicht bildet, die den metallischen Teil des Kühlschirmes keramisch schützt. Auch das H2 -/CO-reiche Vergasungsgas tritt über den Schlackeablaufkörper in den Quenchraum ein, in dem das Vergasungs- bzw. Rohgas mit Quenchwasser unter 100 °C abgekühlt und die Schlacke glasartig, eluationsfest granuliert wird. Das Rohgas tritt seitlich aus dem Quenchraum zur weiteren Rohgasreinigung und -entschwefelung aus, und das Granulat fällt in eine Wassertauchung, aus der es mechanisch ausgetragen wird.The sub-claims reflect advantageous embodiments of the invention. The solution according to the invention provides that, in industry and agriculture, prepared, dimensionally defined bales of waste textiles, straw products are pressed by means of a stamp or pre-comminuted, lumpy or fibrous materials by means of a stuffing screw into a horizontal gasification chamber operated at approximately atmospheric pressure. The temperature in the gasification chamber is kept above the melting temperature of the mineral constituents of the substances to be gasified, which occurs when the gasifier is started up by the pilot and auxiliary burner alone and in continuous operation by the partial oxidation of the substances to be gasified with oxygen. Primary oxygen is blown into the fuel to be gasified directly at the end of the fuel channel, that is to say when it enters the gasification chamber, and secondly, secondary oxygen is blown up during the decay of the fuel train and when it falls into the slag pan surrounded by a cooling screen. A reducing atmosphere is maintained in the gasification room. Due to the temperature between 1200 ° C and 1800 ° C, hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons (dioxins, furans) are totally split and mineral components melted. The melt collects in a slag pan of the gasification chamber and runs over the slag drain body, which is standing vertically and protrudes into the gasification chamber, into the quench chamber. The slag pan in the gasification chamber is formed by the cooling screen in such a way that a thick and dense, solid slag layer forms over the cooling screen by cooling the melt of the slag and protects the metallic part of the cooling screen with ceramic. The H 2 - / CO-rich gasification gas also enters the quench chamber via the slag drain body, in which the gasification or raw gas is cooled with quench water below 100 ° C. and the slag is granulated in a glass-like manner, resistant to elution. The raw gas emerges from the side of the quench chamber for further raw gas purification and desulfurization, and the granulate falls into a water immersion, from which it is mechanically discharged.

Erfindungsgemäß werden die Umsetzung der Brennstoffe zu CO und H2, die reduzierende Atmosphäre im Vergasungsraum und das Aufschmelzen der mineralischen Bestandteile der Brennstoffe mittels einer verzögerungsfreien Temperaturmessung des Rohgases vor Austritt aus dem Vergasungsraum überwacht und gesteuert. In Abhängigkeit dieser Temperatur werden der Brennstoffvorschub, die Primär-/Sekundärsauerstoffzugabe geregelt und die Wasserdampfzugabe über den Stützbrenner gesteuert. Für die Betriebsführung und -überwachung wird eine Sauerstoffgehaltsmessung des Rohgases nach der Quenchung genutzt, die als Plausibilitätsnachweis für die Temperaturmessung und -regelung dient.According to the invention, the conversion of the fuels to CO and H 2 , the reducing atmosphere in the gasification chamber and the melting of the mineral components of the fuels are monitored and controlled by means of a delay-free temperature measurement of the raw gas before it leaves the gasification chamber. Depending on this temperature, the fuel feed, the primary / secondary oxygen addition are regulated and the water vapor addition is controlled via the auxiliary burner. For operational management and monitoring, an oxygen content measurement of the raw gas after the quenching is used, which serves as a plausibility check for the temperature measurement and control.

Das gereinigte Rohgas, das Reingas, wird einem Gasmotor zur Elektroenergieerzeugung und das Granulat als Baurohstoff der Baustoffindustrie zur Verwertung zugeführt. Das eigenerzeugte Reingas kann auch als Brenngas für den Pilot- und Stützbrenner verwendet werden.The cleaned raw gas, the clean gas, becomes a gas engine Electrical power generation and the granulate as a building material for the building materials industry fed for recycling. The self-generated clean gas can also be used as a fuel gas can be used for the pilot and auxiliary burner.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung an zwei Figuren und einem Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert. Die Figuren zeigen:

Figur 1
erfindungsgemäße Vergasungsvorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens mit Stopfschnecke als Zuführeinrichtung,
Figur 2
erfindungsgemäße Vergasungsvorrichtung mit Stempel als Zuführeinrichtung
The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of two figures and an exemplary embodiment. The figures show:
Figure 1
Gasification device according to the invention for carrying out the method with a stuffing screw as a feed device,
Figure 2
Gasification device according to the invention with stamp as a feed device

Die Figur 1 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Vergasungseinrichtung, wie sie verwendet wird, um Brennstoffballen zu vergasen. Diese werden über das Brennstoffaufgabegehäuse 1 in den Brennstoffeinlaufkanal 4 aufgegeben, in dem sich ein Stempel 3 befindet, der über einen Stempelantrieb 2 den Ballen zur Vorschubregulierungseinrichtung 5 befördert. Diese Vorschubregulierungseinrichtung 5 kann mit einem endlos umlaufenden, geschwindigkeitsgeregelten Mitnehmerband ausgerüstet sein, das das Brenngut in das Brennstoffkanalende 6 befördert, in das die Primärsauerstoffzuführung 13 mündet. Das Brennstoffkanalende 6 mündet im Verbrennungsraum 7, an dessen einem Ende Primärsauerstoffdüsen 22 angeordnet sind. Weiterhin münden in den Verbrennungsraum 7 die Sekundärsauerstoffzuführung 11, der Zünd- und Stützbrenner 10 und die Zuführung für Brenngas 26, Sauerstoff 27 und Wasserdampf 8. Der Verbrennungsraum 7 ist von einem Kühlschirm 9 umgeben, der eine Schlackewanne 8 bildet, in der sich die Schlacke sammelt, die über einen gekühlten Schlackeablaufkörper 14 den Verbrennungsraum 7 verlassen kann. In den Verbrennungsraum 7 mündend ist eine Temperaturmessung, -regelung und - überwachung 24 angeordnet. Die Sekundärsauerstoffzuführung 11 erfolgt über eine Sauerstoffringleitung 12. Unter dem Vergasungsraum 7 ist ein Quenschraum 16 angeordnet, an dem sich die Quenschwasserzuführungen 15, eine Rohgasabführung 17 und ein Granulataustrag 18 befinden. Weiterhin ist an der Rohgasabführung 17 die Sauerstoffmeß- und -überwachungsstelle 29 angeordnet.
Die Figur 2 zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Vergasungsvorrichtung, bei der als Zuführung für das Brenngut eine Stopfschnecke 19 mit Regelantrieb vorgesehen ist. Das ist vor allem dann der Fall, wenn das einzutragende Brenngut Brennrohstoffgrobgut ist. Dieses wird in das Brennstoffaufgabegehäuse 1 aufgegeben, von der Stopfschnecke 19 erfaßt und im Brennstoffeinlaufkanal 4 transportiert. Am Brennstoffeinlaufkanal sind die Primärsauerstoffzuführung 13, der Kühlwassereintritt 20 und der Kühlwasseraustritt 21 angeordnet. Das Brennstoffkanalende 6, welches von Primärsauerstoffdüsen 22 umgeben ist, mündet in den Verbrennungsraum 7 des Vergasungsreaktors. Dieser Verbrennungsraum 7 wird ebenfalls durch eine Temperaturmessung-, regelung und -überwachung 24 kontrolliert und ist in seinem oberen Teil durch eine Feuerfeststützkonstruktion 25 und in seinem unteren Teil von einem Kühlschirm 9 umgeben. Weiterhin im unteren Teil ist die Schlackewanne 8 angeordnet, in die ein gekühlter Schlackeablaufkörper 14 hineinragt. Durch den Kühlschirm 9 ragt von der anderen Seite der Zünd- und Stützbrenner 10, durch den Brenngas 26, Sauerstoff 27 und Wasserdampf 28 in den Verbrennungsraum 7 gelangen.
Weiterhin ragt eine Sekundärsauerstoffzuführung 11 aus einer Ringleitung 12 in den Verbrennungsraum 7. Durch den gekühlten Schlackeablaufkörper 14 gelangt die Schlacke in den Quenschraum 16, aus dem eine Rohgasabführung 17 und ein Granulataustrag 18 erfolgen. Die Quenschwasserzuführungen 15 sind am Quenschraum 16 im oberen Teil angeordnet. Unter dem Quenschraum 16 befindet sich eine Granulatauffang- und -austragvorrichtung 23. Weiterhin ist an der Rohgasabführung 17 eine Sauerstoffmeß- und -überwachungsstelle 29 angeordnet.
Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel wird als loses, grobes Gut Altpapier mit der regelbaren Stopfschnecke 19 in den Verbrennungsraum 7 hineinbefördert, der mittels des Zünd- und Stützbrenners 10 auf Temperaturen oberhalb des Schmelzpunktes der mineralischen Bestandteile des Brennstoffes aufgeheizt wird und der durch die Vergasung des Brennstoffes auf einer Temperatur zwischen 1200 und 1800 Grad gehalten wird. Dabei werden Primärsauerstoff 13 am Brennstoffkanalende 6 in den Brennstoff über Primärsauerstoffdüsen 22 eingeblasen, Sekundärsauerstoff 11 auf den in den Verbrennungsraum 7 einfallenden Brennstoff aufgeblasen und Wasserdampf 28 zur Temperaturmoderierung aufgegeben. Der Brennstoff, in dem Fall das Altpapier, wird durch die Vergasungsreaktion zu CO/H2-reichem Brenngas umgesetzt, wobei alle Kohlenwasserstoffe, Chlorkohlenwasserstoffe (Dioxine, Furane) zersetzt und die inerten, mineralischen Bestandteile des Brennstoffes aufgeschmolzen werden und sich in der als Kühlschirm ausgebildeten Schlackewanne 8 sammeln und am gekühlten Schlackeablaufkörper 14 in den Vergasungsraum 7 gelangen, um gemeinsam mit dem Rohgas den Reaktionsraum zu verlassen. Die Rohgastemperaturmessung 24 überwacht und steuert die Temperatur im Verbrennungsraum 7, indem das Temperaturmeßsignal den Vorschub des Brennstoffes über die Stopfschnecke mit Regelantrieb 19, die Sauerstoffmenge 11 und die Wasserdampfmenge 28 sowie die Sauerstoffgehaltsmenge im Rohgas 29 geregelt werden. Durch die schroffe Abkühlung der flüssigen Schlacke und des Rohgases im Quenschraum 16 mittels Wasser über die Quenschwasserzuführung 15 entsteht ein verglastes, eluationsfestes Granulat, wodurch keine Rückbildung der Dioxine und Furane erfolgen kann. Das Schlackegranulat wird mittels Austragsvorrichtung 23 aus dem Quenschraum 16 ausgetragen, wobei das Rohgas über die Rohgasabführung 17 in das Rohgasreinigungs- und - entschwefelungssystem austritt.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren hat die Vorteile, daß land- und forstwirtschaftlich nachwachsende Rohstoffe, Altpapier, Textilien und ähnliches ohne thermische Vorbehandlung und ohne Feinzerkleinerung in ein wasserstoff-/kohlenmonoxidreiches Brenngas, das frei von Kohlenwasserstoffen, Dioxinen, Furanen ist, umgewandelt werden und daß ein ohne weitere Nachbehandlung verwertbarer und einfach zu deponierender, fester Rückstand entsteht. FIG. 1 shows a gasification device according to the invention as it is used to gasify fuel bales. These are fed via the fuel feed housing 1 into the fuel inlet channel 4, in which there is a stamp 3 which conveys the bale to the feed regulation device 5 via a stamp drive 2. This feed regulating device 5 can be equipped with an endlessly rotating, speed-controlled driver belt, which conveys the fuel to the fuel channel end 6, into which the primary oxygen supply 13 opens. The fuel channel end 6 opens into the combustion chamber 7, at one end of which primary oxygen nozzles 22 are arranged. Furthermore, the secondary oxygen supply 11, the pilot and auxiliary burner 10 and the supply for fuel gas 26, oxygen 27 and water vapor 8 open into the combustion chamber 7. The combustion chamber 7 is surrounded by a cooling screen 9, which forms a slag pan 8 in which the slag forms collects that can leave the combustion chamber 7 via a cooled slag drain body 14. A temperature measurement, control and monitoring 24 is arranged opening into the combustion chamber 7. The secondary oxygen supply 11 takes place via an oxygen ring line 12. A quench chamber 16 is arranged under the gasification chamber 7, on which the quench water supply lines 15, a raw gas discharge 17 and a granulate discharge 18 are located. Furthermore, the oxygen measuring and monitoring point 29 is arranged on the raw gas discharge 17.
FIG. 2 shows the gasification device according to the invention, in which a stuffing screw 19 with a control drive is provided as a feed for the firing material. This is especially the case if the fuel to be entered is coarse fuel. This is placed in the fuel feed housing 1, gripped by the stuffing screw 19 and transported in the fuel inlet channel 4. The primary oxygen supply 13, the cooling water inlet 20 and the cooling water outlet 21 are arranged on the fuel inlet channel. The fuel channel end 6, which is surrounded by primary oxygen nozzles 22, opens into the combustion chamber 7 of the gasification reactor. This combustion chamber 7 is also controlled by a temperature measurement, regulation and monitoring 24 and is surrounded in its upper part by a refractory support structure 25 and in its lower part by a cooling screen 9. Furthermore, the slag pan 8 is arranged in the lower part, into which a cooled slag drain body 14 projects. The pilot and auxiliary burner 10, through which fuel gas 26, oxygen 27 and water vapor 28 reach the combustion chamber 7, projects through the cooling screen 9 from the other side.
Furthermore, a secondary oxygen supply 11 protrudes from a ring line 12 into the combustion chamber 7. The slag flows through the cooled slag drain body 14 into the quench chamber 16, from which a raw gas discharge 17 and a granulate discharge 18 take place. The quench water feeds 15 are arranged on the quench chamber 16 in the upper part. A granulate collecting and discharge device 23 is located under the quench chamber 16. An oxygen measuring and monitoring point 29 is also arranged on the raw gas discharge 17.
In the present exemplary embodiment, waste paper is conveyed into the combustion chamber 7 as a loose, coarse good with the controllable stuffing screw 19, which is heated to temperatures above the melting point of the mineral components of the fuel by means of the pilot and auxiliary burner 10 and which is caused by the gasification of the fuel on one Temperature is kept between 1200 and 1800 degrees. Primary oxygen 13 at the fuel channel end 6 is blown into the fuel via primary oxygen nozzles 22, secondary oxygen 11 is blown onto the fuel falling into the combustion chamber 7, and water vapor 28 is added to moderate the temperature. The fuel, in the case of the waste paper, is converted to CO / H 2 -rich fuel gas by the gasification reaction, whereby all hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons (dioxins, furans) decompose and the inert, mineral components of the fuel are melted and used as a cooling screen collect the trained slag tray 8 and reach the cooled slag drain body 14 into the gasification chamber 7 in order to leave the reaction chamber together with the raw gas. The raw gas temperature measurement 24 monitors and controls the temperature in the combustion chamber 7 by regulating the temperature measurement signal, the feed of the fuel via the stuffing screw with control drive 19, the amount of oxygen 11 and the amount of water vapor 28, and the amount of oxygen in the raw gas 29. Due to the abrupt cooling of the liquid slag and the raw gas in the quench chamber 16 by means of water via the quench water supply 15, a glazed, elution-resistant granulate is produced, which means that the dioxins and furans cannot regress. The slag granules are discharged from the quench chamber 16 by means of discharge device 23, the raw gas exiting via the raw gas discharge 17 into the raw gas purification and desulfurization system.
The inventive method has the advantages that agricultural and forestry renewable raw materials, waste paper, textiles and the like without thermal pretreatment and without fine comminution in a hydrogen / carbon monoxide-rich fuel gas, which is free of hydrocarbons, dioxins, furans, are converted and that without Further after-treatment of usable and easy to deposit solid residue arises.

BezugszeichenReference numerals

11
BrennstoffaufgabegehäuseFuel feed case
22nd
StempelantriebStamp drive
33rd
Stempelstamp
44th
BrennstoffeinlaufkanalFuel inlet channel
55
VorschubregulierungseinrichtungFeed regulation device
66
BrennstoffkanalendeFuel channel end
77
VergasungsraumGasification room
88th
SchlackewanneSlag pan
99
KühlschirmCooling screen
1010th
Zünd- und StützbrennerPilot and auxiliary burner
1111
SekundärsauerstoffzuführungSecondary oxygen supply
1212th
SauerstoffringleitungOxygen ring line
1313
PrimärsauerstoffzuführungPrimary oxygen supply
1414
Gekühlter SchlackeablaufkörperCooled slag drain body
1515
QuenchwasserzuführungQuench water supply
1616
QuenchraumQuench room
1717th
RohgasabführungRaw gas discharge
1818th
GranulataustragGranulate discharge
1919th
Stopfschnecke mit RegelantriebDarning screw with variable speed drive
2020th
KühlwassereintrittCooling water inlet
2121
KühlwasseraustrittCooling water outlet
2222
PrimärsauerstoffdüsenPrimary oxygen nozzles
2323
Granulatauffang- und austragsvorrichtungGranulate collection and discharge device
2424th
Temperaturmessung, -regelung, -überwachungTemperature measurement, control and monitoring
2525th
Feuerfeste StützkonstruktionFireproof support structure
2626
BrenngasFuel gas
2727
Sauerstoffoxygen
2828
WasserdampfSteam
2929
Sauerstoffmeß- und Überwachungs-StelleOxygen measuring and monitoring point

Claims (9)

Verfahren zur Vergasung kompaktierter und kompaktierfähiger organischer Materialien zu einem CO- und H2 -reichen Brenngas, wobei die dem Vergasungsverfahren zugeführten Materialien annähernd trocken sind, nach definierten Maßen gebündelt vorliegen oder nach einer groben Vorzerkleinerung dem Gaserzeuger, der bei annähernd Atmosphärendruck arbeitet, aufgegeben werden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zu vergasende Material, der Brennstoff, als Ballen mit einem Stempel (3) und einer Vorschubregulierungseinrichtung (5) oder als loses, grobes Gut mit einer regelbaren Stopfschnecke (19) in einen Vergasungsraum (7) hineingefördert wird, der mittels eines Zünd- und Stützbrenners (10) auf eine Temperatur oberhalb des Schmelzpunktes der mineralischen Bestandteile des Brennstoffes aufgeheizt ist und der durch die Vergasung des Brennstoffes auf dieser Temperatur zwischen etwa 1200 bis 1800 °C gehalten wird, daß die Vergasung des Brennstoffes mit Sauerstoff, wobei Primärsauerstoff (13) in den Brennstoff am Brennstoffkanalende (6) über Primärsauerstoffdüsen (22) eingeblasen und Sekundärsauerstoff (11) auf den in den Vergasungsraum (7) hineinfallenden Brennstoff aufgeblasen wird, durchgeführt wird und Wasserdampf (28) zur Temperaturmoderierung gesteuert aufgegeben wird, daß der Brennstoff durch die Vergasungsreaktion zu CO-/H2 -reichem Brenngas umgesetzt wird, alle Kohlenwasserstoffe, Chlorkohlenwasserstoffe (Dioxine, Furane) zersetzt werden und die inerten mineralischen Bestandteile des Brennstoffes aufschmelzen und sich in der als Kühlschirm (9) ausgebildeten Schlackewanne (8) sammeln und am gekühlten Schlackeablaufkörper (14), der in den Vergasungsraum (7) hineinragt, gemeinsam mit dem Rohgas den Reaktionsraum verläßt, daß die Vergasungsreaktion und die Temperatur im Vergasungsraum (7) mittels der Rohgas-Temperaturmessung (24) überwacht und geregelt werden, indem das Temperaturmeßsignal den Vorschub (2, 5) des Brennstoffes, die Sauerstoffmenge (11) und die Wasserdampfmenge (28) verändert und die Sauerstoffgehaltsmessung im Rohgas (29) die Plausibilität der Temperaturmessung und -regelung wiedergibt, daß durch die schroffe Abkühlung der flüssigen Schlacke und des Rohgases im Quenchraum (16) durch Quenchwasserzuführung (15) ein verglastes, eluationsfestes Granulat gebildet wird und keine Rückbildung von Dioxinen, Furanen erfolgen kann, und daß das Schlackegranulat mittels einer Austragsvorrichtung aus dem Granulatauffang (23) ausgetragen wird und das Rohgas aus dem Quenchraum (16) in das Rohgasreinigungs- und - entschwefelungssystem übertritt. Process for the gasification of compacted and compactable organic materials to a CO and H 2 -rich fuel gas, whereby the materials supplied to the gasification process are approximately dry, are available in a defined manner bundled or, after a rough pre-comminution, are given to the gas generator, who works at approximately atmospheric pressure ,
characterized, that the material to be gasified, the fuel, is conveyed as a bale with a plunger (3) and a feed regulating device (5) or as a loose, coarse material with a controllable stuffing screw (19) into a gasification chamber (7), which is and the auxiliary burner (10) is heated to a temperature above the melting point of the mineral constituents of the fuel and is kept at this temperature between about 1200 and 1800 ° C. by the gasification of the fuel, that the gasification of the fuel with oxygen, primary oxygen (13) being blown into the fuel at the fuel channel end (6) via primary oxygen nozzles (22) and secondary oxygen (11) being blown onto the fuel falling into the gasification chamber (7), and water vapor ( 28) for controlled moderation, that the fuel is converted to CO / H 2 -rich fuel gas by the gasification reaction, all hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons (dioxins, furans) are decomposed and the inert mineral components of the fuel melt and settle in the slag pan (8) designed as a cooling screen (9) ) collect and on the cooled slag drain body (14), which protrudes into the gasification chamber (7), leaves the reaction chamber together with the raw gas, that the gasification reaction and the temperature in the gasification chamber (7) are monitored and regulated by means of the raw gas temperature measurement (24) by the temperature measurement signal changing the feed (2, 5) of the fuel, the amount of oxygen (11) and the amount of water vapor (28) and the oxygen content measurement in the raw gas (29) reflects the plausibility of the temperature measurement and control, that a glazed, elution-resistant granulate is formed by the abrupt cooling of the liquid slag and the raw gas in the quench chamber (16) by quench water supply (15) and no reformation of dioxins, furans can take place, and that the slag granules are discharged from the granulate collector (23) by means of a discharge device and the raw gas from the quench chamber (16) passes into the raw gas purification and desulfurization system. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Brenngas für den Pilot- und Stützbrenner (10) eigenerzeugtes Reingas der Vergasungseinheit verwendet wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that as a fuel gas for the pilot and support burner (10) self-generated clean gas Gasification unit is used. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Reingas der Vergasungseinheit zur Elektroenergieerzeugung mittels Gasmotoren eingesetzt wird. Process according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the clean gas of the gasification unit for electrical power generation by means of Gas engines is used. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das in der Vergasungseinheit anfallende Granulat als Baurohstoff genutzt wird.A method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the in Gasification unit resulting granules is used as a building material. Vergasungsvorrichtung zur Durchführung eines Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, bestehend aus, einer Vergasungsvorrichtung mit: einem Brennstoffaufgabegehäuse (1), an dessen Brennstoffeinlaufkanal (4) Brennstoffkanalende (6) eine Wasserkühlung (20, 21) mit Primärsauerstoffdüsen (22) angeordnet ist, einem liegenden Vergasungsraum (7) mit einer mit einem Kühlschirm (9) ausgekleideten Schlackewanne (8), einem gekühlten Schlackeablaufkörper (14), der in den Vergasungsraum (7) hinein übersteht und ein Schlackewehr bildet, einer Sekundärsauerstoffzuführung (11), die als gekühlte Blaslanze ausgebildet ist und auch als Mehrfacheinblasung gestaltet sein kann, einem Zünd- und Stützbrenner (10) für Brenngas (26), Sauerstoff (27) und mit einem Kanal für die Wasserdampfzugabe (28), wobei der Brenner (10) in Achse des Vergasungsraumes (7) oder geneigt in Richtung Schlackewanne (8) und Schlackeablaufkörper (14) montiert sein kann, einem Quenchraum (16) mit mehreren Düsen zur Quenchwasserzuführung (15), seitlichen Stutzen für die Rohgasabführung (17), einem unteren Granulataustrag (18) und -austragsvorrichtung (23), einer Vergasungssteuereinrichtung mit Temperaturmessung (24), Zuführeinrichtungen (3, 2, 5, 19) für das Verbrennungsgut, einer Zuführung von Wasserdampf (28) zur Temperaturmoderierung des Rohgases, einer feuerfesten Stützkonstruktion (25) für die Vergasungsvorrichtung. Gasification device for carrying out a method according to claim 1, consisting of a gasification device with: a fuel feed housing (1), on the Fuel inlet channel (4) A water cooling system (20, 21) with primary oxygen nozzles (22) is arranged at the fuel channel end (6), a horizontal gasification chamber (7) with a slag pan (8) lined with a cooling screen (9), a cooled slag drain body (14) which protrudes into the gasification chamber (7) and forms a slag weir, a secondary oxygen supply (11), which is designed as a cooled blowing lance and can also be designed as a multiple injection, an ignition and support burner (10) for fuel gas (26), oxygen (27) and with a channel for adding water vapor (28), the burner (10) in the axis of the gasification chamber (7) or inclined in the direction of the slag pan (8) and slag drain body (14) can be mounted, a quench chamber (16) with several nozzles for supplying quench water (15), lateral connection for the raw gas discharge (17), a lower granulate discharge (18) and discharge device (23), a gasification control device with temperature measurement (24), feed devices (3, 2, 5, 19) for the combustion material, a supply of water vapor (28) for moderating the temperature of the raw gas, a refractory support structure (25) for the gasification device. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5,
gekennzeichnet durch
einen Stempel (3) mit Stempelantrieb (2) als Zuführeinrichtung.Device according to claim 5,
marked by
a stamp (3) with stamp drive (2) as a feed device. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5,
gekennzeichnet durch
eine Stopfschnecke (19) mit Regelantrieb als Zuführeinrichtung.Device according to claim 5,
marked by
a stuffing screw (19) with a control drive as the feed device. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
sich das Brennstoffkanalende (6) in Bewegungsrichtung des Brennstoffes konisch verjüngt und die Vorschubregulierungseinrichtung (5) ein endlos umlaufendes, geschwindigkeitsgeregeltes Mitnehmerband darstellt.Device according to claim 5,
characterized in that
the fuel channel end (6) tapers conically in the direction of movement of the fuel and the feed regulating device (5) represents an endlessly rotating, speed-controlled carrier belt. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der Vergasungsraum (7) mit einem Kühlschirm (9) in der Weise versehen wird, -daß sich über dem Kühlschirm (9) durch Abkühlung der Schlackeschmelze eine dicke und dichte, feste Schlackeschicht bildet, die den metallischen Teil des Kühlschirms metallisch-keramisch schützt.Device according to claim
characterized in that
the gasification chamber (7) is provided with a cooling screen (9) in such a way that a thick and dense, solid slag layer forms over the cooling screen (9) by cooling the slag melt and protects the metallic part of the cooling screen in a metallic-ceramic manner.
EP97113072A 1997-07-30 1997-07-30 Process and apparatus for gazifying compacted and compactable organic materials Withdrawn EP0894843A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97113072A EP0894843A1 (en) 1997-07-30 1997-07-30 Process and apparatus for gazifying compacted and compactable organic materials
JP19916198A JPH11100583A (en) 1997-07-30 1998-07-14 Process for gasifying compressed or compressible organic material and apparatus therefor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97113072A EP0894843A1 (en) 1997-07-30 1997-07-30 Process and apparatus for gazifying compacted and compactable organic materials

Publications (1)

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EP0894843A1 true EP0894843A1 (en) 1999-02-03

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Cited By (6)

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DE19853713C2 (en) * 1998-11-20 2003-03-13 Bbp Power Plants Gmbh Process for the material and energetic utilization of residual and waste materials
DE10355912A1 (en) * 2003-11-29 2005-06-30 Wiebe, Jörg Gasifying fuel bales comprises continuously feeding the bales through a charging gate into a gasification chamber
DE102006052345A1 (en) * 2006-11-07 2008-05-08 Herlt, Christian, Dipl.-Ing. Fine dust reducing method for use in biomass combustion plant, involves concentrating gas mixture present in gasification area with water vapor, supplying dosed water and/or water vapor, and burning supplied water and/or vapor
CN106765156A (en) * 2017-02-22 2017-05-31 陈世江 A kind of refuse gasification incinerator
CN112899028A (en) * 2021-01-18 2021-06-04 江苏信科能源有限公司 Improved biomass gasification furnace with dry slag discharge and continuous feeding functions
CN113583713A (en) * 2021-07-26 2021-11-02 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 Horizontal type gas gasification furnace and gasification method thereof

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KR100413188B1 (en) * 2001-01-13 2003-12-31 (주)지알텍 Burner for inflammable pulverized fuel
KR20030025314A (en) * 2001-09-20 2003-03-29 김현영 Method of gasifying carbonaceous material and apparatus therefor
JP4486699B1 (en) * 2009-11-06 2010-06-23 株式会社リ・サイエンスシステム研究所 Method for reforming organic waste with generation of hydrogen gas and apparatus for reforming organic waste
WO2011070624A1 (en) * 2009-12-11 2011-06-16 株式会社リ・サイエンスシステム研究所 Method of organic-waste modification accompanied by generation of high-concentration hydrogen gas and device for modifying organic waste

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EP0443596A1 (en) * 1990-02-23 1991-08-28 Thermoselect Aktiengesellschaft Process for transporting, intermediate storage and energetic and material use of waste and apparatus for carrying out the process
DE4109063A1 (en) * 1991-03-20 1992-09-24 Deutsches Brennstoffinst Combustible waste utilisation method - involves gasifying lumps by using medium flowing in same direction before flame reaction chamber
DE4330788A1 (en) * 1993-09-10 1994-04-07 Siemens Ag Refuse processing mechanism with feeder - has at least one transport screw in degassing duct

Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0443596A1 (en) * 1990-02-23 1991-08-28 Thermoselect Aktiengesellschaft Process for transporting, intermediate storage and energetic and material use of waste and apparatus for carrying out the process
DE4109063A1 (en) * 1991-03-20 1992-09-24 Deutsches Brennstoffinst Combustible waste utilisation method - involves gasifying lumps by using medium flowing in same direction before flame reaction chamber
DE4330788A1 (en) * 1993-09-10 1994-04-07 Siemens Ag Refuse processing mechanism with feeder - has at least one transport screw in degassing duct

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19853713C2 (en) * 1998-11-20 2003-03-13 Bbp Power Plants Gmbh Process for the material and energetic utilization of residual and waste materials
DE10355912A1 (en) * 2003-11-29 2005-06-30 Wiebe, Jörg Gasifying fuel bales comprises continuously feeding the bales through a charging gate into a gasification chamber
DE10355912B4 (en) * 2003-11-29 2006-02-02 Wiebe, Jörg Process and apparatus for gasifying fuel bales
DE102006052345A1 (en) * 2006-11-07 2008-05-08 Herlt, Christian, Dipl.-Ing. Fine dust reducing method for use in biomass combustion plant, involves concentrating gas mixture present in gasification area with water vapor, supplying dosed water and/or water vapor, and burning supplied water and/or vapor
DE102006052345B4 (en) * 2006-11-07 2009-04-23 Herlt, Christian, Dipl.-Ing. Method and device for reducing the formation of fine dust in the thermal gasification of chunky and lumpy biomass in the form of bales
CN106765156A (en) * 2017-02-22 2017-05-31 陈世江 A kind of refuse gasification incinerator
CN106765156B (en) * 2017-02-22 2023-09-29 陈世江 Garbage gasification incinerator
CN112899028A (en) * 2021-01-18 2021-06-04 江苏信科能源有限公司 Improved biomass gasification furnace with dry slag discharge and continuous feeding functions
CN113583713A (en) * 2021-07-26 2021-11-02 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 Horizontal type gas gasification furnace and gasification method thereof

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